Andrew B. Hammond Explained

Andrew B. Hammond
Birth Name:Andrew Benoni Hammond
Birth Date:22 July 1848
Birth Place:Saint-Léonard, New Brunswick
Death Place:San Francisco, California
Spouse:Florence Abbott
Known For:Founder of the Missoula Mercantile Co. and Hammond Lumber Company
Occupation:entrepreneur

Andrew Benoni Hammond (July 22, 1848– January 15, 1934) was an American lumberman. He developed the Missoula Mercantile Co. He built the Bitterroot Valley Railroad and the Astoria & Columbia River Railroad. He was president of the Hammond Lumber Co. and the Hammond Steamship Co.

Biography

Hammond was born in Saint-Léonard, New Brunswick, Canada on July 22, 1848. He left home at 16 years old to work in the logging camps of Maine and Pennsylvania. He arrived in Montana in 1867, worked as a woodcutter and store clerk, eventually becoming a partner in the mercantile firm of Bonner, Eddy and Company. Under Hammond's management this became the Missoula Mercantile Company, the largest mercantile between St. Paul and Portland. Hammond Lumber Company was founded when Hammond purchased the Samoa sawmill, the largest mill in Humboldt County in 1900.[1]

He built the Bitterroot Valley Railroad,[2] the Philipburg Railroad, and the Astoria & Columbia River Railroad.[3] He was president of the Hammond Lumber Co. and the Hammond Steamship Co.

Hammond and his partners received the contract to build the intermountain section of the Northern Pacific railway line, from Helena to Spokane. In the 1890s, Hammond moved to the West Coast and built two more railroads. In 1900, he began to assemble one of the largest lumber companies on the West Coast, including the world's largest redwood lumber company and the world's largest lumber yard in Los Angeles.

During World War I, Hammond was the largest supplier of Sitka spruce wood to the U.S. Army, which needed it to manufacture airplanes.[4]

Hammond is most known for his role in the poaching of federal timber during his years in Montana, and his anti-union efforts during the early twentieth century. Ironically, much of the Hammond Lumber Company lands that were illegally acquired under the federal Timber and Stone Act in Humboldt County eventually formed the bulk of Redwood National and State Parks.

In 1956, Hammond's heirs sold the company's California stakes to Georgia-Pacific.[4]

Death and legacy

Hammond died on January 15, 1934, in San Francisco, California, at age 85.[5]

He married Florence Abbott in 1879, in Missoula. They had a son, Leonard C. Hammond., who was a flying ace in World War I.

The community of Hammond, Oregon was named for him, and his wife gave her name to Florence, Montana.[6]

Hammond Shipping Company

Hammond opened the Hammond Shipping Company with ships to transport his lumber products. In 1929 the line was called the Christenson-Hammond Lines.[8] [9] [10] [11]

World War II

During World War II Hammond Shipping Company was active in charter shipping with the Maritime Commission and War Shipping Administration. The ship was run by its Hammond Shipping Company crew and the US Navy supplied United States Navy Armed Guards to man the deck guns and radio. The most common armament mounted on these merchant ships were the MK II 20mm Oerlikon autocannon and the 3"/50, 4"/50, and 5"/38 deck guns.[13] [14]

Companies

Hammond owned or had the controlling interest in:[29]

Footnotes

  1. Redwood Lumber Industry (1982) . Carranco (Lynwood) Papers . http://library.humboldt.edu/humco/holdings/carranco.html . Humboldt State University Special Collections . Humboldt State University . Arcata, CA.
  2. Web site: spellerweb.net - spellerweb Resources and Information.. spellerweb.net.
  3. Web site: PNWC-NRHS - Astoria and Columbia River Railroad.
  4. Web site: Andrew B. Hammond (1848-1934). www.oregonencyclopedia.org.
  5. Web site: January 16, 1934. A.B. Hammond Dies in California at 85. September 21, 2020. 21. en.
  6. Lewis A. McArthur and Lewis L. McArthur, Oregon Geographic Names. 7th Edition. Portland, OR: Oregon Historical Society Press, 2003; pg. 440.
  7. Web site: Liberty ships built by California Shipbuilding, Terminal Island, CA . usmm.org . 2008 . 3 May 2012.
  8. San Pedro News Pilot, Volume 8, Number 248, 18 July 1921
  9. Web site: L. A. Harbor, S.S. Catalina and Hammond Shipping. May 23, 1938. Calisphere.
  10. A. B. Hammond, West Coast Lumberman, by Gage McKinney
  11. Traffic World, Volume 48, 1931
  12. http://shipbuildinghistory.com/shipyards/emergencylarge/wwonewood.htm shipbuildinghistory.com Hammond Shipping Company
  13. Web site: Sea Lane Vigilantes. www.armed-guard.com.
  14. World War II U.S. Navy Armed Guard and World War II U.S. Merchant Marine, 2007-2014 Project Liberty Ship, Project Liberty Ship, P.O. Box 25846 Highlandtown Station, Baltimore, MD https://www.armed-guard.com/about-ag.html#:~:text=There%20were%20three%20basic%20training,California%3B%20and%20Gulfport%2C%20Mississippi.
  15. Web site: vicshipsA. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  16. Web site: vicshipsF. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  17. Web site: vicshipsM. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  18. Web site: vicshipsB. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  19. Web site: Bessemer (T-AG-186). NHHC.
  20. Web site: LibShipsW. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  21. Web site: LibShipsJon. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  22. Web site: LibShipsR. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  23. Web site: LibShipsE. www.mariners-l.co.uk.
  24. Web site: Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917-1921, Requisitioned Steel Ships, Part VII . McKellar . Norman L. . Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917-1921 . 320a . ShipScribe . 22 May 2021.
  25. Web site: EFC Design 1049: Illustrations . ShipScribe . 26 May 2021.
  26. Web site: Arcata . Maritime Administration . Ship History Database Vessel Status Card . U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration . 26 May 2021.
  27. Web site: Alaska Shipwrecks (A) – Alaska Shipwrecks. alaskashipwreck.com.
  28. Web site: SS Albertolite . Ian Ferguson . 17 January 2012.
  29. Web site: Andrew B. Hammond. www.bonnermilltownhistory.org.

Further reading

External links

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