A-412997 Explained

A-412,997 is a drug which acts as a dopamine agonist that is used in scientific research. It is the first drug developed that is a highly selective agonist for the D₄ subtype, with significantly improved selectivity over older D₄-preferring compounds such as PD-168,077 and CP-226,269.^[1] In animal tests it improved cognitive performance in rats to a similar extent as methylphenidate, but without producing place preference or other signs of abuse liability.^{[2] [3]} Also unlike other dopamine agonists, selective D₄ agonists do not cause side effects such as sedation and nausea, and so might have advantages over older dopamine agonist drugs.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Moreland RB, Patel M, Hsieh GC, Wetter JM, Marsh K, Brioni JD . 10270715 . A-412997 is a selective dopamine D4 receptor agonist in rats . Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 82 . 1 . 140–7 . September 2005 . 16153699 . 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.08.001 .
2. Browman KE, Curzon P, Pan JB, Molesky AL, Komater VA, Decker MW, Brioni JD, Moreland RB, Fox GB . 31796938 . 6 . A-412997, a selective dopamine D4 agonist, improves cognitive performance in rats . Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 82 . 1 . 148–55 . September 2005 . 16154186 . 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.08.002 .
3. Woolley ML, Waters KA, Reavill C, Bull S, Lacroix LP, Martyn AJ, Hutcheson DM, Valerio E, Bate S, Jones DN, Dawson LA . 36272297 . 6 . Selective dopamine D4 receptor agonist (A-412997) improves cognitive performance and stimulates motor activity without influencing reward-related behaviour in rat . Behavioural Pharmacology . 19 . 8 . 765–76 . December 2008 . 19020411 . 10.1097/FBP.0b013e32831c3b06 .
4. Osinski MA, Uchic ME, Seifert T, Shaughnessy TK, Miller LN, Nakane M, Cox BF, Brioni JD, Moreland RB . 46690866 . 6 . Dopamine D2, but not D4, receptor agonists are emetogenic in ferrets . Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 81 . 1 . 211–9 . May 2005 . 15894081 . 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.03.012 .