Names of God in Islam explained

Names of God in Islam (ar|أَسْمَاءُ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلْحُسْنَىٰ|translit=ʾasmāʾu llāhi l-ḥusnā|lit=Allah's Beautiful Names) are 99 names that each contain Attributes of God in Islam,[1] [2] [3] [4] which are implied by the respective names.[5]

These names usually denote his praise, gratitude, commendation, glorification, magnification, perfect attributes, majestic qualities, and acts of wisdom, mercy, benefit, and justice from Allah, as believed by Muslims. These names are commonly called upon by Muslims during prayers, supplications, and remembrance, as they hold significant spiritual and theological importance, serving as a means for Muslims to connect with God. Each name reflects a specific attribute of Allah and serves as a means for believers to understand and relate to the Divine.

Some names are known from either the Qur’an or the hadith, while others can be found in both sources, although most are found in the Qur’an. Additionally, Muslims also believe that there are more names of God besides those found in the Qur'an and hadith, and that God has kept knowledge of these names hidden with himself, and no one else knows them completely and fully except him.

List of names

Different sources give different lists of the 99 names. The most commonly known list is based on the one found in the Jamiʿ at-Tirmidhi (9th century) that was narrated by al-Walid ibn Muslim, which is the most commonly known.[6] However, al-Tirmidhi comments on his list: "This (version of the) hadith is gharib [unusual]; it has been narrated from various routes on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, but we do not know of the mention of the Names in the numerous narrations, except this one." Other hadiths, such as those of al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Ibn Majah, al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi or Ibn ʿAsākir, have variant lists. Various early Muslim exegetes, including Jaʿfar al-Sadiq, Sufyan ibn `Uyaynah, Ibn Hazm, al-Qurtubi, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, have given their own versions of lists of 99 names.

al-Tirmidhi's list

Notes and References

  1. Book: Mohammad Mahdi Al-Sharif . ALLAH'S MOST BEAUTIFUL NAMES: اسماء الله الحسنى [انكليزي] ]. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah . 2014 . 978-2745154811 . 25 . 20 August 2024 . En . ...Name "Rahman" and the characteristic it carries..
  2. Book: Mark W. Muesse . Mark W. Muesse . Four Wise Men . BoD – Books on Demand . 2018 . 9780718895228 . 240 . 20 August 2024 . ... attributes, which name certain qualities that assist in appropriately orienting the mind toward god..
  3. Web site: Muhammad Al-Munajjid . Muhammad Al-Munajjid . 2019 . هل (الحنان) من صفات الله ؟ . Is al-Hannan one of God's attributes? . 19 August 2024 . Islamqa.info . Ar . Fatawa Noor ‘ala al-Darb; Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal (3/11), and Tafsir al-Tabari (16/113). “Attributes of God Almighty contained in the Qur’an and Sunnah”; Fatwa of Council of Senior Scholars (Saudi Arabia) (24/172).
  4. Book: Al-Uthaymin . Al-Uthaymin . Tuntunan Tanya-Jawab Akidah, Shalat, Zakat, Puasa, dan Haji . bin Nashir bin Ibrahim As-Sulaiman . Munirul Abidin . Fahd . Guide to Questions and Answers on Faith, Prayer, Zakat, Fasting and Hajj . 2019 . Darul Falah . 978-979-3036-66-3 . 72 . 20 August 2024 . Id.
  5. Book: M. Ghulam Hussain Daleel . Kayinath: For Literature and Philanthropy . 2023 . Notion Press . 9798888839706 . 20 August 2024 . ...ninety-nine names of God, mentioned in the Quran. Allah's names imply his attributes.....
  6. Book: al-Jawziyya, Ibn Qayyim . Ranks of the Divine Seekers: A Parallel English-Arabic Text. Volume 1 . 2020-05-06 . BRILL . 978-90-04-41341-2 . en.
  7. Please note the written Arabic spelling of the names written in Arabic in the table are in the vowelled Classical/Quranic form (proper = in the Quran and Ahādith) with the square bracketed "[.]" variant of the written Arabic forms given in common or modern texts—usually in media, some long vowels and punctuations are omitted for the easier typing and reading.
  8. Book: Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman . Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 1 (Part 1): Al-Fatihah 1 to Al-Baqarah 141 2nd Edition . 2013 . MSA Publication Limited . 978-1861798268 . XXIV . 15 August 2024 . En . Exegesis of Al-Tabari and Al-Qurtubi with the reference material from a Hadith from Sunan al-Tirmidhi transmitted by Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf..
  9. Book: Abdulaziz Al Sheikh . Abdulaziz Al Sheikh . Fatwa no. 39788 . . 14 August 2024 . Ar.
  10. Web site: IslamQA.info. Muhammad Al-Munajjid . Muhammad Al-Munajjid . أسماء الله تعالى غير محصورة في تسعة وتسعين اسماً . The names of God Almighty are not limited to ninety-nine names only . 2003 . 14 August 2024 . Ar . Compilation Fatwa of Uthaymin.
  11. Book: John Andrew Morrow . Islamic Images and Ideas: Essays on Sacred Symbolism . 2013 . McFarland . 978-0786458486 . 13 . 20 August 2024 . En.
  12. Web site: Surat Al-Fatihah Ayat 3 . Islamic University of Madinah. id,ar . excerpt from Book: Imad Zuhair Hafidh . تفسيرُ المدينةِ المُنوَّرة . Exegesis Madinah al-Munawwara . 2015 . مركز تعظيم القرآن الكريم بالمدينة المنورة . 19 August 2024 . Ar. Reference Hadiths:
  13. Book: Oliviu Felecan . Onomastics between Sacred and Profane . 2019 . Vernon Press . 978-1622734016 . 6 . 20 August 2024 . En . ... attributes, postulating that a name is different from naming.
  14. Web site: Muhammad Abduh Tuasikal . Syarhus Sunnah: Kaidah Nama dan Sifat Allah #02 . Explanation of Sunnah: principles of the Name and Attributes of Allah #02 . Rumaysho . 2018 . 19 August 2024 . Id. References from:
    • Al-Minhaj Syarh Sahih Muslim. First printing, 1433 H. Yahya bin Syarf An-Nawawi. Publisher Dar Ibn Hazm.
    • Syarh Asma' Allah Al-Husna fi Dhaui Al-Kitab wa As-Sunnah. 12th printing, 1431 H. Syaikh Sa'id bin Wahf Al-Qahthani.
    • Syarh As-Sunnah. Second printing, 1432 H. Imam Al-Muzani. Ta'liq: Dr. Jamal 'Azzun. Maktabah Dar Al-Minhaj Publishers.
    • Syarh Al-Qawa'id Al-Mutsla. Syaikh Muhammad bin Shalih Al-'Utsaimin. Ta'liq: Abu Ya'qub Nasy-at bin Kamal Al-Mashri. Maktabah Al-Muslim Publishers.
  15. Web site: Berdoa Kepada Allah Dengan Nama "Al-Hannan" Dan "Al-Mannan" . praying to God with the names of "O Hannan" and "O Mannan" . fatwaulama.com . 7 February 2023 . lajnah . 19 August 2024 . Id.
  16. Web site: M. Saifudin Hakim . Sifat Allah: Apakah Hanya Tujuh atau Dua Puluh? (Bag. 3) . The Attributes of God: Only Seven or Twenty? (Part 3) . muslim.or.id . 9 April 2018 . Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Al-Atsari (YPIA) Al-Atsari Islamic Education Foundation . 19 August 2024 . Id. References from:
  17. Book: Walīd ibn Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd Allāh ʻAlī . جهود الإمام ابن قيم الجوزية في تقرير توحيد الأسماء والصفات, Volume 3 . The efforts of Imam Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya in establishing the oneness of names and attributes, Volume 3 . 2004 . المبرة الخيرية لعلوم القرآن والسنة . 1390, 1412, 2041 . 19 August 2024 . Ar.
  18. Book: Schimmel, Annemarie . Annemarie Schimmel . 1993 . The Mystery of Numbers . Oxford University Press . New York, US . 0-19-508919-7 . 271.
  19. Book: Momen, Moojan. Moojan Momen. Islam and the Bahá'í Faith. 2000. George Ronald. 978-0-85398-446-7. 241. The endnote states: "Ibn Májah, Sunan, 34. (Kitáb ad-Du'á), ch. 9, no. 3856, vol. 2, p. 1267. See also: Ad-Dárimí, Sunan, 23 (Fada'il al-Qur'án), ch. 15, no. 3296, vol. 2, pp. 324–325. Similar statements in Shi'i tradition include: Majlisí, Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 26. p. 7.
  20. Book: Morgan, Diane. Essential Islam: A Comprehensive Guide to Belief and Practice. registration. 2010. ABC-CLIO. 978-0-313-36025-1. 10.
  21. Bruce Lawrence The Qur'an: A Biography Atlantic Books Ltd, 02.10.2014 chapter 8
  22. Ayman Shihadeh Sufism and Theology Edinburgh University Press, 21.11.2007 pp. 54–56
  23. Encyclopedia: Smith . Peter . A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith . greatest name . 2000 . Oneworld Publications . Oxford . 1-85168-184-1 . 167–8.
  24. Baháʼí Studies Review . 3 . 1 . 1993 . Stephen . Lambden . The Word Baháʼ: Quintessence of the Greatest Name .
  25. Bahá'u'lláh and His Most Holy Shrine . Dhikru'llah . Khadem . Dhikru'llah Khadem . Baháʼí News . March 1976 . 4–5 . 540 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170620121705/http://www.teachingandprojects.com/meansandmaterials.htm . 2017-06-20 .

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