| Rockville Air Force Station | |
| Ensign: | Air Defense Command.svg |
| Ensign Size: | 60px |
| Partof: | Air Defense Command (ADC) |
| Pushpin Map: | Indiana |
| Pushpin Label: | Rockville AFS |
| Pushpin Mapsize: | 200 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Rockville AFS, Indiana |
| Type: | Air Force Station |
| Built: | 1951 |
| Used: | 1951-1966 |
| Garrison: | 782d Aircraft Control and Warning (later Radar) Squadron |
Rockville Air Force Station (ADC ID: P-53, NORAD ID: Z-63) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station. It is located 1.7miles west-northwest of Rockville, Indiana. It was closed in 1966.
Rockville Air Force Station was one of twenty-eight stations built as part of the second segment of the Air Defense Command permanent radar network. Prompted by the start of the Korean War, on 11 July 1950, the Secretary of the Air Force asked the Secretary of Defense for approval to expedite construction of the permanent network. Receiving the Defense Secretary's approval on 21 July, the Air Force directed the Corps of Engineers to proceed with construction.
Opened in 1951, the 782d Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron was activated on 16 April. It began operating a pair of AN/FPS-10 radars at Rockville in May 1952, and initially the station functioned as a Ground-Control Intercept (GCI) and warning station. As a GCI station, the squadron's role was to guide interceptor aircraft toward unidentified intruders picked up on the unit's radar scopes. In the mid / late 1950s, an AN/CPS-6B search radar was in use, according to one veteran.
During 1959 Rockville AFS joined the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system, feeding data to DC-07 at Truax Field, Wisconsin. After joining, the squadron was redesignated as the 782d Radar Squadron (SAGE) on 1 November 1959. The radar squadron provided information 24/7 the SAGE Direction Center where it was analyzed to determine range, direction altitude speed and whether or not aircraft were friendly or hostile. By 1960 the original radars had been phased out and replaced by two AN/FPS-6 height-finder radars and an AN/FPS-7B search radar. On 31 July 1963, the site was redesignated as NORAD ID Z-53.
In addition to the main facility, Rockville operated an AN/FPS-18 Gap Filler site:
Rockville AFS was closed on 2 June 1966 due to budget reductions; sold to the state of Indiana and is now the Rockville Correctional Facility. Many former Air Force buildings are still in use.
Activated on 16 April 1951
Redesignated 782d Radar Squadron
Discontinued and inactivated on 25 June 1966