61st United States Congress explained

Number:	61st
Start:	March 4, 1909
End:	March 4, 1911
Vp:	James S. Sherman (R)
Pro Tem:	William P. Frye (R)
Speaker:	Joseph G. Cannon (R)
Senators:	92
Reps:	391
Delegates:	7
S-Majority:	Republican
H-Majority:	Republican
Sessionnumber1:	Special
Sessionstart1:	March 4, 1909
Sessionend1:	March 6, 1909
Sessionnumber2:	1st
Sessionstart2:	March 15, 1909
Sessionend2:	August 5, 1909
Sessionnumber3:	2nd
Sessionstart3:	December 6, 1909
Sessionend3:	June 25, 1910
Sessionnumber4:	3rd
Sessionstart4:	December 5, 1910
Sessionend4:	March 3, 1911
Previous:	60th
Next:	62nd
Imagedate:	1906

The 61st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1909, to March 4, 1911, during the first two years of William H. Taft's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1900 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Major events

See main article: 1909 in the United States, 1910 in the United States and 1911 in the United States.

March 4, 1909: William Howard Taft became President of the United States.

Major legislation

See main article: List of United States federal legislation.

August 5, 1909 – Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act, ch. 6,
May 16, 1910: Federal Mines Safety Act of 1910, ch. 240,
June 1, 1910: Height of Buildings Act of 1910, ch. 263,
June 18, 1910: Mann–Elkins Act, ch. 309,
June 25, 1910: Mann Act, ch. 395,
March 3, 1911: Judicial Code of 1911, ch. 231,

Constitutional amendments

July 12, 1909: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution allowing the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
- Amendment was later ratified on February 3, 1913, becoming the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Party summary

House of Representatives

Leadership

Members

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

At this time, most senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. A few senators were elected directly by the residents of the state. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1910; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1912; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1914.

2. John H. Bankhead (D)

3. Joseph F. Johnston (D)

2. Jeff Davis (D)

3. James P. Clarke (D)

1. Frank P. Flint (R)

3. George C. Perkins (R)

2. Simon Guggenheim (R)

3. Charles J. Hughes Jr. (D), until January 11, 1911

1. Morgan G. Bulkeley (R)

3. Frank B. Brandegee (R)

1. Henry A. du Pont (R)

2. Harry A. Richardson (R)

1. James P. Taliaferro (D)

3. Duncan U. Fletcher (D)

2. Augustus O. Bacon (D)

3. Alexander S. Clay (D), until November 10, 1910

Joseph M. Terrell (D), from November 17, 1910

2. William E. Borah (R)

3. Weldon B. Heyburn (R)

2. Shelby Moore Cullom (R)

3. William Lorimer (R), from June 18, 1909

1. Albert J. Beveridge (R)

3. Benjamin F. Shively (D)

2. Jonathan P. Dolliver (R), until October 15, 1910

Lafayette Young (R), from November 12, 1910

3. Albert B. Cummins (R)

2. Charles Curtis (R)

3. Joseph L. Bristow (R)

2. Thomas H. Paynter (D)

3. William O. Bradley (R)

2. Murphy J. Foster (D)

3. Samuel D. McEnery (D), until June 10, 1910

John Thornton (D), from December 10, 1910

1. Eugene Hale (R)

2. William P. Frye (R)

1. Isidor Rayner (D)

3. John W. Smith (D)

1. Henry Cabot Lodge (R)

2. Winthrop M. Crane (R)

1. Julius C. Burrows (R)

2. William Alden Smith (R)

1. Moses E. Clapp (R)

2. Knute Nelson (R)

1. Hernando D. Money (D)

2. Anselm J. McLaurin (D), until December 22, 1909

James Gordon (D), December 27, 1909 – February 22, 1910

LeRoy Percy (D), from February 23, 1910

1. William Warner (R)

3. William J. Stone (D)

1. Thomas H. Carter (R)

2. Joseph M. Dixon (R)

1. Elmer J. Burkett (R)

2. Norris Brown (R)

1. George S. Nixon (R)

3. Francis G. Newlands (D)

2. Henry E. Burnham (R)

3. Jacob H. Gallinger (R)

1. John Kean Jr. (R)

2. Frank O. Briggs (R)

1. Chauncey M. Depew (R)

3. Elihu A. Root (R)

2. Furnifold M. Simmons (D)

3. Lee S. Overman (D)

1. Porter J. McCumber (R)

3. Martin N. Johnson (R), until October 21, 1909

Fountain L. Thompson (D), November 10, 1909 – January 31, 1910

William E. Purcell (D), February 1, 1910 – February 1, 1911

Asle Gronna (R), from February 2, 1911

1. Charles W. F. Dick (R)

3. Theodore E. Burton (R)

2. Robert L. Owen (D)

3. Thomas P. Gore (D)

2. Jonathan Bourne Jr. (R)

3. George E. Chamberlain (D)

1. Philander C. Knox (R), until March 4, 1909

George T. Oliver (R), from March 17, 1909

3. Boies Penrose (R)

1. Nelson W. Aldrich (R)

2. George P. Wetmore (R)

2. Benjamin R. Tillman (D)

3. Ellison D. Smith (D)

2. Robert J. Gamble (R)

3. Coe I. Crawford (R)

1. James B. Frazier (D)

2. Robert L. Taylor (D)

1. Charles A. Culberson (D)

2. Joseph W. Bailey (D)

1. George Sutherland (R)

3. Reed Smoot (R)

1. Carroll S. Page (R)

3. William P. Dillingham (R)

1. John W. Daniel (D), until June 29, 1910

Claude A. Swanson (D), from August 1, 1910

2. Thomas S. Martin (D)

1. Samuel H. Piles (R)

3. Wesley L. Jones (R)

1. Nathan B. Scott (R)

2. Stephen B. Elkins (R), until January 4, 1911

Davis Elkins (R), January 9, 1911 – January 31, 1911

Clarence W. Watson (D), from February 1, 1911

1. Robert M. La Follette Sr. (R)

3. Isaac Stephenson (R)

1. Clarence D. Clark (R)

2. Francis E. Warren (R)

House of Representatives

. George W. Taylor (D)

. S. Hubert Dent Jr. (D)

. Henry D. Clayton (D)

. William B. Craig (D)

. J. Thomas Heflin (D)

. Richmond P. Hobson (D)

. John L. Burnett (D)

. William N. Richardson (D)

. Oscar Underwood (D)

. Robert B. Macon (D)

. William A. Oldfield (D)

. John C. Floyd (D)

. William B. Cravens (D)

. Charles C. Reid (D)

. Joseph Taylor Robinson (D)

. Robert M. Wallace (D)

. William F. Englebright (R)

. Duncan E. McKinlay (R)

. Joseph R. Knowland (R)

. Julius Kahn (R)

. Everis A. Hayes (R)

. James C. Needham (R)

. James McLachlan (R)

. Sylvester C. Smith (R)

. Atterson Walden Rucker (D)

. John A. Martin (D)

. Edward T. Taylor (D)

. E. Stevens Henry (R)

. Nehemiah D. Sperry (R)

. Edwin W. Higgins (R)

. Ebenezer J. Hill (R)

. John Q. Tilson (R)

. William H. Heald (R)

. Stephen M. Sparkman (D)

. Frank Clark (D)

. Dannite H. Mays (D)

. Charles G. Edwards (D)

. James M. Griggs (D), until January 5, 1910

Seaborn Roddenbery (D), from February 6, 1910

. Dudley M. Hughes (D)

. William C. Adamson (D)

. Leonidas F. Livingston (D)

. Charles L. Bartlett (D)

. Gordon Lee (D)

. William M. Howard (D)

. Thomas Montgomery Bell (D)

. Thomas W. Hardwick (D)

. William G. Brantley (D)

. Thomas Ray Hamer (R)

. Martin B. Madden (R)

. James R. Mann (R)

. William W. Wilson (R)

. James T. McDermott (D)

. Adolph J. Sabath (D)

. William Lorimer (R), until June 17, 1909

William J. Moxley (R), from November 23, 1909

. Frederick Lundin (R)

. Thomas Gallagher (D)

. Henry S. Boutell (R)

. George E. Foss (R)

. Howard M. Snapp (R)

. Charles Eugene Fuller (R)

. Frank O. Lowden (R)

. James McKinney (R)

. George W. Prince (R)

. Joseph V. Graff (R)

. John A. Sterling (R)

. Joseph G. Cannon (R)

. William B. McKinley (R)

. Henry T. Rainey (D)

. James M. Graham (D)

. William A. Rodenberg (R)

. Martin D. Foster (D)

. Pleasant T. Chapman (R)

. Napoleon B. Thistlewood (R)

. John W. Boehne (D)

. William A. Cullop (D)

. William E. Cox (D)

. Lincoln Dixon (D)

. Ralph Wilbur Moss (D)

. William O. Barnard (R)

. Charles A. Korbly (D)

. John A. M. Adair (D)

. Martin A. Morrison (D)

. Edgar D. Crumpacker (R)

. George W. Rauch (D)

. Cyrus Cline (D)

. Henry A. Barnhart (D)

. Charles A. Kennedy (R)

. Albert F. Dawson (R)

. Charles E. Pickett (R)

. Gilbert N. Haugen (R)

. James W. Good (R)

. Nathan E. Kendall (R)

. John A. T. Hull (R)

. William Darius Jamieson (D)

. Walter I. Smith (R)

. Frank P. Woods (R)

. Elbert H. Hubbard (R)

. Daniel Read Anthony Jr. (R)

. Charles Frederick Scott (R)

. Philip P. Campbell (R)

. James Monroe Miller (R)

. William A. Calderhead (R)

. William A. Reeder (R)

. Edmond H. Madison (R)

. Victor Murdock (R)

. Ollie M. James (D)

. Augustus Stanley (D)

. Robert Y. Thomas Jr. (D)

. Ben Johnson (D)

. J. Swagar Sherley (D)

. Joseph L. Rhinock (D)

. J. Campbell Cantrill (D)

. Harvey Helm (D)

. Joseph B. Bennett (R)

. John W. Langley (R)

. Don C. Edwards (R)

. Albert Estopinal (D)

. Samuel Louis Gilmore (D), March 30, 1909 – July 18, 1910

Henry Garland Dupré (D), from November 8, 1910

. Robert F. Broussard (D)

. John Thomas Watkins (D)

. Joseph E. Ransdell (D)

. Robert Charles Wickliffe (D)

. Arsène Paulin Pujó (D)

. Amos L. Allen (R), until February 20, 1911

. John P. Swasey (R)

. Edwin C. Burleigh (R)

. Frank E. Guernsey (R)

. J. Harry Covington (D)

. J. Frederick C. Talbott (D)

. John Kronmiller (R)

. John Gill Jr. (D)

. Sydney E. Mudd (R)

. George A. Pearre (R)

. George P. Lawrence (R)

. Frederick H. Gillett (R)

. Charles G. Washburn (R)

. Charles Q. Tirrell (R), until July 31, 1910

John Joseph Mitchell (D), from November 8, 1910

. Butler Ames (R)

. Augustus P. Gardner (R)

. Ernest W. Roberts (R)

. Samuel W. McCall (R)

. John A. Keliher (D)

. Joseph F. O'Connell (D)

. Andrew J. Peters (D)

. John W. Weeks (R)

. William S. Greene (R)

. William C. Lovering (R), until February 4, 1910

Eugene Foss (D), March 22, 1910 – January 4, 1911

. Edwin C. Denby (R)

. Charles E. Townsend (R)

. Washington Gardner (R)

. Edward L. Hamilton (R)

. Gerrit J. Diekema (R)

. Samuel W. Smith (R)

. Henry McMorran (R)

. Joseph W. Fordney (R)

. James C. McLaughlin (R)

. George A. Loud (R)

. Francis H. Dodds (R)

. H. Olin Young (R)

. James Albertus Tawney (R)

. Winfield Scott Hammond (D)

. Charles Russell Davis (R)

. Frederick C. Stevens (R)

. Frank Nye (R)

. Charles August Lindbergh (R)

. Andrew Volstead (R)

. Clarence B. Miller (R)

. Halvor Steenerson (R)

. Ezekiel S. Candler Jr. (D)

. Thomas Spight (D)

. Benjamin G. Humphreys II (D)

. Thomas U. Sisson (D)

. Adam M. Byrd (D)

. Eaton J. Bowers (D)

. William A. Dickson (D)

. James W. Collier (D)

. James T. Lloyd (D)

. William W. Rucker (D)

. Joshua Willis Alexander (D)

. Charles F. Booher (D)

. William Patterson Borland (D)

. David A. De Armond (D), until November 23, 1909

Clement C. Dickinson (D), from February 1, 1910

. Courtney W. Hamlin (D)

. Dorsey W. Shackleford (D)

. James Beauchamp Clark (D)

. Richard Bartholdt (R)

. Patrick F. Gill (D)

. Harry M. Coudrey (R)

. Politte Elvins (R)

. Charles A. Crow (R)

. Charles H. Morgan (R)

. Arthur P. Murphy (R)

. Charles N. Pray (R)

. John A. Maguire (D)

. Gilbert M. Hitchcock (D)

. James P. Latta (D)

. Edmund H. Hinshaw (R)

. George W. Norris (R)

. Moses P. Kinkaid (R)

. George A. Bartlett (D)

. Cyrus A. Sulloway (R)

. Frank Dunklee Currier (R)

. Henry C. Loudenslager (R)

. John J. Gardner (R)

. Benjamin F. Howell (R)

. Ira W. Wood (R)

. Charles N. Fowler (R)

. William Hughes (D)

. Richard Wayne Parker (R)

. William H. Wiley (R)

. Eugene F. Kinkead (D)

. James A. Hamill (D)

. William W. Cocks (R)

. George H. Lindsay (D)

. Otto G. Foelker (R)

. Charles B. Law (R)

. Richard Young (R)

. William M. Calder (R)

. John J. Fitzgerald (D)

. Daniel J. Riordan (D)

. Henry M. Goldfogle (D)

. William Sulzer (D)

. Charles V. Fornes (D)

. Michael F. Conry (D)

. Herbert Parsons (R)

. William Willett Jr. (D)

. J. Van Vechten Olcott (R)

. Francis B. Harrison (D)

. William S. Bennet (R)

. Joseph A. Goulden (D)

. John E. Andrus (R)

. Thomas W. Bradley (R)

. Hamilton Fish II (R)

. William H. Draper (R)

. George N. Southwick (R)

. George W. Fairchild (R)

. Cyrus Durey (R)

. George R. Malby (R)

. Charles S. Millington (R)

. Charles L. Knapp (R)

. Michael E. Driscoll (R)

. John W. Dwight (R)

. Sereno E. Payne (R)

. James B. Perkins (R), until March 11, 1910

James Smith Havens (D), from April 19, 1910

. J. Sloat Fassett (R)

. James S. Simmons (R)

. Daniel A. Driscoll (D)

. De Alva S. Alexander (R)

. Edward B. Vreeland (R)

. John Humphrey Small (D)

. Claude Kitchin (D)

. Charles R. Thomas (D)

. Edward W. Pou (D)

. John M. Morehead (R)

. Hannibal L. Godwin (D)

. Robert N. Page (D)

. Charles H. Cowles (R)

. Edwin Y. Webb (D)

. John G. Grant (R)

. Louis B. Hanna (R)

. Asle Gronna (R), until February 11, 1911

. Nicholas Longworth (R)

. Herman P. Goebel (R)

. James M. Cox (D)

. William E. Tou Velle (D)

. Timothy T. Ansberry (D)

. Matthew R. Denver (D)

. J. Warren Keifer (R)

. Ralph D. Cole (R)

. Isaac R. Sherwood (D)

. Adna R. Johnson (R)

. Albert Douglas (R)

. Edward L. Taylor Jr. (R)

. Carl C. Anderson (D)

. William G. Sharp (D)

. James Joyce (R)

. David Hollingsworth (R)

. William A. Ashbrook (D)

. James Kennedy (R)

. W. Aubrey Thomas (R)

. L. Paul Howland (R)

. James H. Cassidy (R), from April 20, 1909

. Bird Segle McGuire (R)

. Dick Thompson Morgan (R)

. Charles E. Creager (R)

. Charles D. Carter (D)

. Scott Ferris (D)

. Willis C. Hawley (R)

. William R. Ellis (R)

. Henry H. Bingham (R)

. Joel Cook (R), until December 15, 1910

. J. Hampton Moore (R)

. Reuben O. Moon (R)

. William W. Foulkrod (R), until November 13, 1910

. George D. McCreary (R)

. Thomas S. Butler (R)

. Irving P. Wanger (R)

. William W. Griest (R)

. Thomas D. Nicholls (ID)

. Henry W. Palmer (R)

. Alfred B. Garner (R)

. John H. Rothermel (D)

. Charles C. Pratt (R)

. William B. Wilson (D)

. John G. McHenry (D)

. Benjamin K. Focht (R)

. Marlin E. Olmsted (R)

. John M. Reynolds (R), until January 17, 1911

. Daniel F. Lafean (R)

. Charles F. Barclay (R)

. George F. Huff (R)

. Allen F. Cooper (R)

. John K. Tener (R), until January 16, 1911

. Arthur L. Bates (R)

. A. Mitchell Palmer (D)

. J. N. Langham (R)

. Nelson P. Wheeler (R)

. William H. Graham (R)

. John Dalzell (R)

. James F. Burke (R)

. Andrew J. Barchfeld (R)

. William P. Sheffield Jr. (R)

. Adin B. Capron (R)

. George S. Legare (D)

. James O. Patterson (D)

. Wyatt Aiken (D)

. Joseph T. Johnson (D)

. David E. Finley (D)

. J. Edwin Ellerbe (D)

. Asbury F. Lever (D)

. Charles H. Burke (R)

. Eben W. Martin (R)

. Walter P. Brownlow (R), until July 8, 1910

Zachary D. Massey (R), from November 8, 1910

. Richard W. Austin (R)

. John A. Moon (D)

. Cordell Hull (D)

. William C. Houston (D)

. Joseph W. Byrns (D)

. Lemuel P. Padgett (D)

. Thetus W. Sims (D)

. Finis J. Garrett (D)

. George W. Gordon (D)

. Morris Sheppard (D)

. Martin Dies (D)

. Gordon J. Russell (D), until June 14, 1910

Robert M. Lively (D), from July 23, 1910

. Choice B. Randell (D)

. James Andrew Beall (D)

. Rufus Hardy (D)

. Alexander W. Gregg (D)

. John M. Moore (D)

. George Farmer Burgess (D)

. Albert S. Burleson (D)

. Robert L. Henry (D)

. Oscar W. Gillespie (D)

. John H. Stephens (D)

. James L. Slayden (D)

. John Nance Garner (D)

. William R. Smith (D)

. Joseph Howell (R)

. David J. Foster (R)

. Frank Plumley (R)

. William A. Jones (D)

. Harry L. Maynard (D)

. John Lamb (D)

. Francis R. Lassiter (D), until October 31, 1909

Robert Turnbull (D), from March 8, 1910

. Edward W. Saunders (D)

. Carter Glass (D)

. James Hay (D)

. Charles Creighton Carlin (D)

. C. Bascom Slemp (R)

. Henry D. Flood (D)

. William E. Humphrey (R)

. Francis W. Cushman (R), until July 6, 1909

William W. McCredie (R), from November 2, 1909

. Miles Poindexter (R)

. William P. Hubbard (R)

. George Cookman Sturgiss (R)

. Joseph Holt Gaines (R)

. Harry C. Woodyard (R)

. James Anthony Hughes (R)

. Henry Allen Cooper (R)

. John M. Nelson (R)

. Arthur W. Kopp (R)

. William J. Cary (R)

. William H. Stafford (R)

. Charles H. Weisse (D)

. John J. Esch (R)

. James H. Davidson (R)

. Gustav Küstermann (R)

. Elmer A. Morse (R)

. Irvine L. Lenroot (R)

. Frank W. Mondell (R)

Non-voting members

. James Wickersham (R)

. Ralph Henry Cameron (R)

. Jonah Kunio Kalanianaole (R)

. William Henry Andrews (R)

. Benito Legarda (Fed., R)

. Pablo Ocampo, until November 22, 1909 (D)

Manuel Quezon, (Unionist), from November 23, 1909

. Tulio Larrínaga (Resident Commissioner), (Unionist)

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

Replacements: 13
- Democratic: 1 seat net gain
- Republican: 1 seat net loss
Deaths: 8
Resignations: 2
Vacancy: 1
Total seats with changes: 14

State (class)	Vacated by	Reason for vacancy	Subsequent	Date of successor's installation
Illinois (3)	Vacant	Sen. was elected at beginning of term. Served in House until resigning June 18, 1909	nowrap	William Lorimer (R)	June 18, 1909
Pennsylvania (1)	nowrap	Philander C. Knox (R)	Resigned March 4, 1909, after being appointed United States Secretary of State. Successor was elected.	nowrap	George T. Oliver (R)	March 17, 1909
North Dakota (3)	nowrap	Martin N. Johnson (R)	Died October 21, 1909. Successor was appointed.	nowrap	Fountain L. Thompson (D)	November 10, 1909
Mississippi (2)	nowrap	Anselm J. McLaurin (D)	Died December 22, 1909. Successor was appointed.	nowrap	James Gordon (D)	December 27, 1909
North Dakota (3)	nowrap	Fountain L. Thompson (D)	Resigned January 31, 1910. Successor was appointed.	nowrap	William E. Purcell (D)	February 1, 1910
Mississippi (2)	nowrap	James Gordon (D)	Successor was elected.	nowrap	LeRoy Percy (D)	February 23, 1910
Louisiana (3)	nowrap	Samuel D. McEnery (D)	Died June 28, 1910. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected.	nowrap	John Thornton (D)	December 7, 1910
Virginia (1)	nowrap	John W. Daniel (D)	Died June 29, 1910. Successor was appointed.	nowrap	Claude A. Swanson (D)	August 1, 1910
Iowa (2)	nowrap	Jonathan P. Dolliver (R)	Died October 15, 1910	nowrap	Lafayette Young (R)	November 12, 1910
Georgia (3)	nowrap	Alexander S. Clay (D)	Died November 13, 1910. Successor was appointed.	nowrap	Joseph M. Terrell (D)	November 17, 1910
West Virginia (2)	nowrap	Stephen B. Elkins (R)	Died January 4, 1911. Successor was appointed.	nowrap	Davis Elkins (R)	January 9, 1911
Colorado (3)	nowrap	Charles J. Hughes Jr. (D)	Died January 11, 1911.	Vacant until next Congress
West Virginia (2)	nowrap	Davis Elkins (R)	Successor was elected.	nowrap	Clarence W. Watson (D)	February 1, 1911
North Dakota (3)	nowrap	William E. Purcell (D)	Successor was elected.	nowrap	Asle Gronna (R)	February 2, 1911

House of Representatives

Replacements: 12
- Democratic: 3 seat gain
- Republican: 3 seat loss
Deaths: 12
Resignations: 6
Contested elections: 0
Total seats with changes: 21

Vacated by	Reason for vacancy	Successor	Date of successor's installation
Vacant	Rep. Robert C. Davey died during previous congress		Samuel L. Gilmore (D)	March 30, 1909
Vacant	Rep. Theodore E. Burton resigned during previous congress		James H. Cassidy (R)	April 20, 1909
	William Lorimer (R)	Resigned June 17, 1909, after being elected to the U.S. Senate		William Moxley (R)	November 23, 1909
	Francis W. Cushman (R)	Died July 6, 1909		William W. McCredie (R)	November 2, 1909
	Francis R. Lassiter (D)	Died October 31, 1909		Robert Turnbull (D)	March 8, 1910
	Term ended November 22, 1909	Manuel L. Quezon (Unionist)	November 23, 1909
	David A. De Armond (D)	Died November 23, 1909		Clement C. Dickinson (D)	February 1, 1910
	James M. Griggs (D)	Died January 5, 1910		Seaborn Roddenbery (D)	February 6, 1910
	William C. Lovering (R)	Died March 11, 1910		Eugene Foss (D)	January 4, 1911
	James B. Perkins (R)	Died February 4, 1910		James S. Havens (D)	April 19, 1910
	Gordon J. Russell (D)	Resigned June 14, 1910, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas		Robert M. Lively (D)	July 23, 1910
	Walter P. Brownlow (R)	Died July 8, 1910		Zachary D. Massey (R)	November 8, 1910
	Samuel L. Gilmore (D)	Died July 18, 1910		H. Garland Dupré (D)	November 8, 1910
	Charles Q. Tirrell (R)	Died July 31, 1910		John J. Mitchell (D)	November 8, 1910
	William W. Foulkrod (R)	Died November 13, 1910	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
	Joel Cook (R)	Died December 15, 1910	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
	Eugene Foss (D)	Resigned January 4, 1911, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
	John K. Tener (R)	Resigned January 16, 1911, after being elected Governor of Pennsylvania	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
	John M. Reynolds (R)	Resigned January 17, 1911, after being elected Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
	Asle Gronna (R)	Resigned February 11, 1911, after being elected to the U.S. Senate	Seat remained vacant until next Congress
	Amos L. Allen (R)	Died February 20, 1911	Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

Senate

Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress (Select) (Chairman: Charles A. Culberson; Ranking Member: Shelby M. Cullom)
Agriculture and Forestry (Chairman: Jonathan P. Dolliver; Ranking Member: Hernando D. Money)
Appropriations (Chairman: Eugene Hale; Ranking Member: Benjamin R. Tillman)
Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: John Kean; Ranking Member: Hernando D. Money)
Canadian Relations (Chairman: William A. Smith; Ranking Member: Benjamin R. Tillman)
Census (Chairman: Robert M. La Follette; Ranking Member: Samuel D. McEnery)
Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: Albert B. Cummins; Ranking Member: N/A)
Claims (Chairman: Henry E. Burnham; Ranking Member: Thomas S. Martin)
Coast and Insular Survey (Chairman: Samuel H. Piles; Ranking Member: Alexander S. Clay)
Coast Defenses (Chairman: George S. Nixon; Ranking Member: James P. Taliaferro)
Commerce (Chairman: William P. Frye; Ranking Member: Thomas S. Martin)
Conservation of National Resources (Chairman: Joseph M. Dixon; Ranking Member: Francis G. Newlands)
Corporations Organized in the District of Columbia (Chairman: James P. Taliaferro; Ranking Member: Norris Brown)
Cuban Relations (Chairman: George Sutherland; Ranking Member: Jacob H. Gallinger)
Disposition of Useless Papers in the Executive Departments (Chairman: Furnifold M. Simmons; Ranking Member: Jacob H. Gallinger)
Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Jacob H. Gallinger; Ranking Member: Norris Brown)
Education and Labor (Chairman: William E. Borah; Ranking Member: John W. Daniel)
Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Augustus O. Bacon; Ranking Member: Henry Cabot Lodge)
Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Robert J. Gamble; Ranking Member: Murphy James Foster Jr.)
Establish a University in the United States (Select) (Chairman: Simon Guggenheim)
Examination of Disposition of Documents (Select)
Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service (Chairman: Isaac Stephenson; Ranking Member: Charles A. Culberson)
Expenditures in the Department of Agriculture (Chairman: Harry A. Richardson; Ranking Member: Furnifold M. Simmons)
Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Coe I. Crawford; Ranking Member: Jeff Davis)
Expenditures in the Department of Justice (Select) (Chairman: William O. Bradley; Ranking Member: Joseph W. Bailey)
Expenditures in the Navy Department (Select) (Chairman: William Lorimer; Ranking Member: Thomas S. Martin)
Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Joseph L. Bristow; Ranking Member: Augustus O. Bacon)
Expenditures in the Department of State (Select) (Chairman: Elihu Root; Ranking Member: N/A)
Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Select) (Chairman: Theodore E. Burton; Ranking Member: James P. Clarke)
Expenditures in the War Department (Select) (Chairman: Henry A. du Pont; Ranking Member: Hernando D. Money)
Finance (Chairman: Nelson W. Aldrich; Ranking Member: John W. Daniel)
Fisheries (Chairman: Jonathan Bourne Jr.; Ranking Member: Samuel D. McEnery)
Five Civilized Tribes of Indians (Select) (Chairman: Benjamin R. Tillman; Ranking Member: Moses E. Clapp)
Foreign Relations (Chairman: Shelby M. Cullom; Ranking Member: Augustus O. Bacon)
Forest Reservations and the Protection of Game (Chairman: Frank B. Brandegee; Ranking Member: Benjamin R. Tillman)
Geological Survey (Chairman: Frank O. Briggs; Ranking Member: Hernando D. Money)
Immigration (Chairman: William P. Dillingham; Ranking Member: N/A)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: Moses E. Clapp; Ranking Member: William J. Stone)
Indian Depredations (Chairman: Charles Curtis; Ranking Member: Thomas S. Martin)
Indian Contracts Investigation (Select)
Industrial Expositions (Chairman: Wesley L. Jones; Ranking Member: John W. Daniel)
Interoceanic Canals (Chairman: Frank P. Flint; Ranking Member: James P. Taliaferro)
Interstate Commerce (Chairman: Stephen B. Elkins; Ranking Member: Benjamin R. Tillman)
Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands (Chairman: Thomas H. Carter; Ranking Member: Joseph W. Bailey)
Judiciary (Chairman: Clarence D. Clark; Ranking Member: Augustus O. Bacon)
Library (Chairman: George P. Wetmore; Ranking Member: John W. Daniel)
Manufactures (Chairman: Weldon B. Heyburn; Ranking Member: Alexander S. Clay)
Military Affairs (Chairman: Francis E. Warren; Ranking Member: James P. Taliaferro)
Mines and Mining (Chairman: Charles Dick; Ranking Member: Benjamin R. Tillman)
Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Select) (Chairman: William Warner; Ranking Member: Samuel D. McEnery)
National Banks (Chairman: N/A; Ranking Member: N/A)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: George C. Perkins; Ranking Member: Benjamin R. Tillman)
Pacific Islands and Puerto Rico (Chairman: Chauncey M. Depew; Ranking Member: James P. Clarke)
Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Elmer J. Burkett; Ranking Member: James P. Taliaferro)
Patents (Chairman: Norris Brown; Ranking Member: Murphy J. Foster Jr.)
Pensions (Chairman: Porter J. McCumber; Ranking Member: James P. Taliaferro)
Philippines (Chairman: Henry Cabot Lodge; Ranking Member: Joseph F. Johnston)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Boies Penrose; Ranking Member: Alexander S. Clay)
Potomac River Front (Select)
Printing (Chairman: Reed Smoot; Ranking Member: John W. Smith)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: John W. Daniel; Ranking Member: Julius Kahn)
Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Julius C. Burrows; Ranking Member: John Kean)
Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Nathan B. Scott; Ranking Member: Charles A. Culberson)
Public Expenditures (Chairman: Eugene Hale; Ranking Member: N/A)
Public Health and National Quarantine (Chairman: Thomas S. Martin; Ranking Member: Chauncey M. Depew)
Public Lands (Chairman: Knute Nelson; Ranking Member: Samuel D. McEnery)
Railroads (Chairman: Morgan G. Bulkeley; Ranking Member: Augustus O. Bacon)
Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Weldon B. Heyburn; Ranking Member: N/A)
Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Joseph W. Bailey; Ranking Member: William O. Bradley)
Rules (Chairman: Winthrop Murray Crane; Ranking Member: Augustus O. Bacon)
Standards, Weights and Measures (Select) (Chairman: Carroll S. Page; Ranking Member: Augustus O. Bacon)
Tariff Regulation (Select)
Territories (Chairman: Albert J. Beveridge; Ranking Member: James P. Clarke)
Third Degree Ordeal
Transportation and Sale of Meat Products (Select) (Chairman: Samuel D. McEnery; Ranking Member: John W. Daniel)
Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Chairman: George T. Oliver; Ranking Member: John W. Daniel)
Trespassers upon Indian Lands (Select) (Chairman: N/A; Ranking Member: N/A)
Wages and Prices of Commodities (Select)
Whole
Woman Suffrage (Chairman: Alexander S. Clay; Ranking Member: Albert J. Beveridge)

House of Representatives

Accounts (Chairman: James A. Hughes; Ranking Member: Charles L. Bartlett)
Agriculture (Chairman: Charles Frederick Scott; Ranking Member: John Lamb)
Alcoholic Liquor Traffic (Chairman: Nehemiah D. Sperry; Ranking Member: Ezekiel S. Candler Jr.)
Appropriations (Chairman: James A. Tawney; Ranking Member: Leonidas F. Livingston)
Banking and Currency (Chairman: Edward B. Vreeland; Ranking Member: Arsene Pujo)
Census (Chairman: Edgar D. Crumpacker; Ranking Member: James Hay)
Claims (Chairman: George W. Prince; Ranking Member: Henry M. Goldfogle)
Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: William B. McKinley; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Hardwick)
Disposition of Executive Papers (Chairman: Arthur L. Bates; Ranking Member: Joshua Frederick Cockey Talbott)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Samuel W. Smith; Ranking Member: Dorsey W. Shackleford)
Education (Chairman: James F. Burke; Ranking Member: Asbury F. Lever)
Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress (Chairman: Joseph H. Gaines; Ranking Member: William W. Rucker)
Elections No.#1 (Chairman: Charles L. Knapp; Ranking Member: Ollie M. James)
Elections No.#2 (Chairman: James M. Miller; Ranking Member: William E. Tou Velle)
Elections No.#3 (Chairman: Michael E. Driscoll; Ranking Member: Charles C. Carlin)
Enrolled Bills (Chairman: William W. Wilson; Ranking Member: Henry Thomas Rainey)
Expenditures in the Agriculture Department (Chairman: William H. Graham; Ranking Member: Henry D. Flood)
Expenditures in the Commerce and Labor Departments (Chairman: David J. Foster; Ranking Member: Arsene P. Pujo)
Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Bird S. McGuire; Ranking Member: Robert N. Page)
Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: Sydney E. Mudd; Ranking Member: Henry M. Goldfogle)
Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Henry S. Boutell; Ranking Member: Lemuel P. Padgett)
Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Irving P. Wanger; Ranking Member: Carter Glass)
Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Don C. Edwards; Ranking Member: Courtney W. Hamlin)
Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Ebenezer J. Hill; Ranking Member: John Lamb)
Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: George P. Lawrence; Ranking Member: Joseph L. Rhinock)
Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: E. Stevens Henry; Ranking Member: John H. Small)
Foreign Affairs (Chairman: James B. Perkins; Ranking Member: William M. Howard)
Immigration and Naturalization (Chairman: Benjamin F. Howell; Ranking Member: John L. Burnett)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: Charles H. Burke; Ranking Member: John H. Stephens)
Industrial Arts and Expositions (Chairman: William A. Rodenberg; Ranking Member: Harry L. Maynard)
Insular Affairs (Chairman: Marlin E. Olmsted; Ranking Member: William A. Jones)
Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chairman: James R. Mann; Ranking Member: William C. Adamson)
Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Cyrus A. Sulloway; Ranking Member: George H. Lindsay)
Irrigation of Arid Lands (Chairman: William A. Reeder; Ranking Member: William R. Smith)
Judiciary (Chairman: Richard W. Parker; Ranking Member: Henry De Lamar Clayton)
Labor (Chairman: John J. Gardner; Ranking Member: Henry Thomas Rainey)
Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River (Chairman: Philip P. Campbell; Ranking Member: Robert B. Macon)
Library (Chairman: Samuel W. McCall; Ranking Member: William M. Howard)
Manufactures (Chairman: Henry McMorran; Ranking Member: Joseph T. Johnson)
Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chairman: William S. Greene; Ranking Member: Thomas Spight)
Mileage (Chairman: Charles A. Kennedy; Ranking Member: Matthew R. Denver)
Military Affairs (Chairman: John A.T. Hull; Ranking Member: William Sulzer)
Militia (Chairman: Halvor Steenerson; Ranking Member: John Gill Jr.)
Mines and Mining (Chairman: George F. Huff; Ranking Member: George A. Bartlett)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: George E. Foss; Ranking Member: Lemuel P. Padgett)
Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Thomas S. Butler; Ranking Member: James L. Slayden)
Patents (Chairman: Frank D. Currier; Ranking Member: William Sulzer)
Pensions (Chairman: Henry C. Loudenslager; Ranking Member: William Richardson)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John W. Weeks; Ranking Member: John A. Moon)
Printing (Chairman: Allen F. Cooper; Ranking Member: David E. Finley)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: Ernest W. Roberts; Ranking Member: William A. Jones)
Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Richard Bartholdt; Ranking Member: William G. Brantley)
Public Lands (Chairman: Frank W. Mondell; Ranking Member: Adam M. Byrd)
Railways and Canals (Chairman: James H. Davidson; Ranking Member: William Hughes)
Reform in the Civil Service (Chairman: Frederick H. Gillett; Ranking Member: William O. Barnard)
Revision of Laws (Chairman: Reuben O. Moon; Ranking Member: John T. Watkins)
Rivers and Harbors (Chairman: De Alva S. Alexander; Ranking Member: Stephen M. Sparkman)
Rules (Chairman: John Dalzell; Ranking Member: Champ Clark)
Standards of Official Conduct
Territories (Chairman: Edward L. Hamilton; Ranking Member: James T. Lloyd)
Ventilation and Acoustics (Chairman: George D. McCreary; Ranking Member: George W. Rauch)
War Claims (Chairman: Charles B. Law; Ranking Member: Thetus W. Sims)
Ways and Means (Chairman: Sereno E. Payne; Ranking Member: Champ Clark)
Whole

Joint committees

Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
Investigate the Interior Department and Forestry Service
The Library
Printing

Caucuses

Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol: Elliott Woods
- Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam Public Printer of the United States: Samuel B. Donnelly

Senate

Chaplain: Edward E. Hale (Unitarian) until June 10, 1909
- Ulysses G.B. Pierce (Unitarian) elected June 18, 1909
Librarian: Edward C. Goodwin
Secretary: Charles G. Bennett
Sergeant at Arms: Daniel M. Ransdell

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Henry N. Couden (Universalist)
Clerk: Alexander McDowell
Doorkeeper: Frank B. Lyon
Clerk at the Speaker's Table: Asher C. Hinds
Postmaster: Samuel Langum
Reading Clerks: E.L. Sampson (D) and Dennis E. Alward (R)
Sergeant at Arms: Henry Casson

References

Book: Gould, Lewis L. . 2005 . The Most Exclusive Club . Perseus Books Group . Cambridge, MA . 0-465-02778-4 .
Book: Remini, Robert V. . 2006 . The House . HarperCollins Publishers, Inc . New York . 0-06-088434-7 .
Web site: U.S. Congress . 2005 . Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress . June 1, 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060601025644/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html . June 1, 2006 . dead . mdy .
Web site: U.S. House of Representatives . 2006 . Congressional History . June 1, 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060601013451/http://clerk.house.gov/histHigh/Congressional_History/index.html . June 1, 2006 . dead . mdy .
Web site: U.S. Senate . 2006 . Statistics and Lists . June 1, 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060601011043/http://senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm. June 1, 2006 . live.
Book: Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 1st Session . Congress. United States. 1909.
Book: Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session .
Book: Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session (1st Revision) .
Book: Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 2nd Session (2nd Revision) .
Book: Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 3rd Session .
Book: Official Congressional Directory for the 61st Congress, 3rd Session (Revision) .

61st United States Congress explained

Major events

Major legislation

Constitutional amendments

Party summary

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Senate

House of Representatives

Non-voting members

Changes in membership

Senate

House of Representatives

Committees

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References