5th century in Lebanon explained

5th century in Lebanon
Key event(s):
Chronology:
This article lists historical events that occurred between 401–500 in modern-day Lebanon or regarding its people.

Administration

Constantine's province of Augusta Libanensis was short-lived, but formed the basis of the re-division of Phoenice into the Phoenice I or Phoenice Paralia (Greek, Modern (1453-);: Φοινίκη Παραλία, "coastal Phoenice"), and Phoenice II or Phoenice Libanensis (Lebanese Phoenicia);(Φοινίκη Λιβανησία), with Tyre and Emesa as their respective capitals. In the, written shortly after the division, Phoenice I is governed by a consularis, while Libanensis is governed by a praeses, with both provinces under the Diocese of the East.[1] Only two governors of Phoenice were known from the reign of Theodosius II (408–450) to that of Justin I (518–527).[2]

Events

400s

410s

420s

430s

440s

450s

460s

470s

480s

490s

Ecclesiastical administration

The ecclesiastical administration paralleled the political, but with some differences. When the province was divided, Damascus, rather than Emesa, became the metropolis of Phoenice II. Both provinces belonged to the Patriarchate of Antioch, with Damascus initially outranking Tyre, whose position was also briefly challenged by the see of Berytus ; after 480/1, however, the Metropolitan of Tyre established himself as the first in precedence (protothronos) of all the Metropolitans subject to Antioch.

Professors

Professors

Dates
(uncertain dates in italic)
Names
(uncertain names in italic)
400–410, 438Cyrillus
420–450Patricius
450–490Domninus
Demosthenes
Eudoxius
May–June 460Euxenius
480–500Amblichus
Before 487/488 –
Leontius
End of the 5th century, early 6th centurySabinus
Anonymous, mentioned in the Scholia Sinaitica

Architecture

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Notitia Dignitatum, in partibus Orientis, I
  2. J.R. Martindale, Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. II: AD 395–527,

    Cambridge 1980, pp. 1186–1187 (fasti).

  3. Web site: 2019-02-12 . A Zaarour, une découverte inédite : un village byzantin à 1 400 m d'altitude . 2022-07-06 . L'Orient-Le Jour.
  4. https://www.fourthcentury.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/6.3-Events-at-the-end-of-Arcadius-Reign.pdf 6.3 – Events at the end of Arcadius' Reign (404-408)
  5. Web site: Who is Saint Maron? St. Elias Maronite Catholic Church . 2022-08-10 . en-US.
  6. Web site: Who is Saint Maron? St. Elias Maronite Catholic Church . 2021-10-03 . en-US.
  7. http://www.opuslibani.org.lb/egliseeng/002/st001.htm Saint Maroun
  8. Jolowicz 1972, p. 453
  9. Pomeroy 2012, pp. 41–42
  10. Riddle 2008, p. 107
  11. Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 7, p. 86
  12. Michel Lequien, Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus, Paris 1740, Vol. II, coll. 823-826
  13. Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 434
  14. [Vitalien Laurent]
  15. This episode, told by Procopius in the Persian Wars, I.2.11-15, could be placed in 421, during the previous war against the Sassanids (Michael H. Dodgeon, Samuel N. C. Lieu, Geoffrey Greatrex, The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars, Part 2, CRC Press, 2002,, p. 259).
  16. Web site: 1,600-year-old church mosaic puzzles out key role of women in early Christianity. Amanda . Borschel-Dan. www.timesofisrael.com. en-US. 2019-08-26.
  17. Hefele-Leclercq, op. cit., II, 493-98
  18. [Lequien]
  19. [Donald Attwater|Attwater, Donald]
  20. [Gian Domenico Mansi|Mansi]
  21. Catholic E.:Berytus (1)
  22. Book: Conversion and Continuity. 1990. 9780888448095. books.google.com.
  23. Jolowicz 1972, pp. 454–455
  24. Mousourakis 2003, p. 363
  25. The episcopate of John II Codonatus is placed in either 475–490, 476/477, 476–477, or 477.
  26. [List of patriarchs of Antioch#CITEREFEderRenger2007|Eder & Renger (2007)]
  27. [List of patriarchs of Antioch#CITEREFHainthaler2013|Hainthaler (2013)]
  28. [List of patriarchs of Antioch#CITEREFChadwick2001|Chadwick (2001)]
  29. [List of patriarchs of Antioch#CITEREFHonigmann1947|Honigmann (1947)]
  30. [List of patriarchs of Antioch#CITEREFWhitby2000|Whitby (2000)]
  31. Di Segni . Leah . Ashkenazi . Jacob . Newly Discovered inscriptions from three churches in Upper Western Galilee . A. Coniglio and A. Ricco (Eds.), Holy Land: Archaeology on Either Side. Archaeological Essays in Honour of Eugenio Alliata, Ofm (SBF Collectio Maior 57), Edizioni Terra Santa, Milan 2020.
  32. The Reign of Anastasius I, 491-518 - Oxford University Research Archive
  33. Book: The Syriac chronicle known as that of Zachariah of Mitylene . Hamilton . F. J. . Brooks . E. W. . 1899 . London, Methuen & Co. . Cornell University Library.
  34. Chapman, John (1911). "Monophysites and Monophysitism". The Catholic Encyclopedia.
  35. The Reign of Anastasius I, 491-518 - Oxford University Research Archive, p. 88.
  36. Web site: دير رقاد والدة الإله حماطورة للروم الأرثوذكس على شير صخري على طريق الكورة- الأرز الاتحاد الكاثوليكي العالمي للصحافة- لبنان . 2022-08-09 . ar.
  37. Book: Sicking, Thom . Les lieux de culte de Beyrouth et sa proche banlieue . 1224968091.
  38. Web site: CRT – Cultural Religious Tourism . 2022-08-09 . en-US.
  39. Web site: Nalbandian . Salpy . LibGuides: Beirut's Heritage Buildings: Port . 2022-08-09 . aub.edu.lb.libguides.com . en.
  40. Vie de Sévère 69
  41. Vie de Sévère 46-48
  42. Vie de Sévère 63
  43. Vie de Sévère 55
  44. Web site: Yenouh, Kartaba, Adonis River, Phoenician temple, Maria, Diana Roman goddess, daughter god Jupiter . 2022-08-09 . www.discoverlebanon.com.
  45. Lahoud, Adib; Al Dawha al Amchitiya, 1954, Dar El Tibaa wal Nasher, Rue des Cèdres, Saifi, Beyrouth.
  46. Web site: 2016-01-29 . History of the Marionites . 2022-08-10 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160129023934/http://www.maronite-sf.org/publications/summarized_history_of_the_Maronites.pdf . 29 January 2016 . dead.
  47. https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/04/15/chhim-2/ Chhîm