| Unit Name: | 4706th Air Defense Wing |
| Dates: | 1952–1956 |
| Country: |  United States |
| Type: | Fighter Interceptor and Radar |
| Role: | Air Defense |
| Command Structure: | Air Defense Command |
The 4706th Air Defense Wing is a discontinued United States Air Force (USAF) organization. Its last assignment was with the 37th Air Division of Air Defense Command (ADC) at O'Hare International Airport (IAP), Illinois where it was discontinued in 1956. It was established in 1952 at O'Hare as the 4706th Defense Wing in a general reorganization of Air Defense Command (ADC), which replaced wings responsible for a base with wings responsible for a geographical area. It assumed control of several Fighter Interceptor squadrons that had been assigned to the 142d Fighter-Interceptor Wing, an Air National Guard wing mobilized for the Korean War and the 56th Fighter-Interceptor Group. In early 1953 it also was assigned six radar squadrons in the Midwest and its dispersed fighter squadrons combined with colocated air base squadrons into air defense groups. The wing was redesignated as an air defense wing in 1954. It was discontinued in 1956 and most of its units transferred to the 58th Air Division.
The 4706th Defense Wing was organized at the beginning of 1952 at O'Hare IAP[1] in a major reorganization of ADC responding to ADC's difficulty under the existing wing base organizational structure in deploying fighter squadrons to best advantage.[2] The wing assumed the operational squadrons and air defense mission of the inactivating 142d Fighter-Interceptor Wing (FIW), an Oregon Air National Guard (ANG) wing, which had been federalized and moved to O'Hare in 1951 in the expansion of the USAF for the Korean War.[3] The wing also received the regular USAF 62d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (FIS). flying F-86 Sabre aircraft, at O'Hare from the inactivating 56th Fighter-Interceptor Group at Selfridge AFB, Michigan and the 97th FIS at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, which had been attached to the 142nd FIW.[4] [5] The wing also assumed command of ANG units stationed elsewhere in this reorganization, the 113th FIS, flying F-51H Mustangs, at Scott AFB, Illinois,[6] and the 166th FIS, at Lockbourne AFB, Ohio, flying F-84 Thunderjet aircraft.[7] Thus, the wing's fighter squadrons defended Illinois, Indiana, southern Wisconsin, western Michigan and western Ohio. Air Base Squadrons were also activated and assigned to the wing to provide support for USAF units stationed at bases where ADC was the host command.
As ADC realigned during the year. the 113th FIS was reassigned directly to Central Air Defense Force.[6] Then in July, the 63d FIS, another F-86 squadron[8] at Oscoda AFB, Michigan transferred into the wing,[9] and in August, the 166th FIS, moved to Youngstown Municipal Airport, Ohio and was reassigned to the 4708th Defense Wing.
In February 1953 another ADC reorganization activated Air Defense Groups at ADC bases with dispersed fighter squadrons. These groups assumed direct command of the fighter squadrons at their stations, in addition to support squadrons to assist in their role as USAF host organizations at the bases. The 501st Air Defense Group (Air Def Gp), activated at O'Hare IAP, the 520th Air Defense Group, at Truax Field and the 534th Air Defense Group at Kinross AFB (later Kincheloe AFB), Michigan.[10] Although the 527th Air Defense Group, activated at Oscoda AFB, it was assigned to another wing.[10] Another result of the February 1953 reorganization was that the wing assumed the aircraft detection, control and warning mission, with six squadrons in four states being assigned to the wing.[11] [12] [13]
In 1955, ADC implemented Project Arrow, which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units that had compiled memorable records in the two world wars.[14] As a result of Project Arrow, the 501st Air Def Gp was replaced by the 56th Fighter Group (Air Defense), the 520th Air Def Gp was replaced by the 327th Fighter Group (Air Defense), and the 534th Air Def Gp was replaced by the 507th Fighter Group (Air Defense).[5] [15] Because Project Arrow called for fighter squadrons to be assigned to their traditional group headquarters, the 97th FIS was moved to Delaware and its personnel and equipment reassigned to the 56th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron.[16] In early October, the 319th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, flying F-94 Starfire aircraft[17] was assigned to the wing in anticipation of its return to the United States as the Korean war was ending.[11] [18] [19]
The 56th FIS and 319th FIS and three of the radar squadrons transferred from the wing to the 58th Air Division in March 1956[13] [18] The wing was discontinued a few months later and its units assigned to other ADC organizations.[1]
Redesignated as 4706th Air Defense Wing on 1 September 1954[1]
Discontinued on 8 July 1956
Air Defense Groups
Truax Field, Wisconsin, 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955
Kinross AFB, Michigan, 16 February 1953 – 18 August 1955
Fighter Groups
Truax Field, Wisconsin, 18 August 1955 – 8 July 1956
Kinchloe AFB, Michigan, 18 August 1955 – 8 July 1956
Fighter Squadrons
Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 18 August 1955 – 1 March 1956
Oscoda AFB, Michigan, 1 July 1952 – 16 February 1953
Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
Scott AFB, Illinois, 6 February 1952 – 1 April 1952
Lockbourne AFB, Ohio, 1 April 1952 – 30 March 1953
Johnson AB, Japan 1 October 1955 – 18 October 1955, Bunker Hill AFB, Indiana, 18 October 1955 – 1 March 1956
Radar Squadrons
Bellefontaine AFS, Ohio, 16 February 1953 – 1 March 1956[11]
Keweenaw (later Calumet AFS), Michigan, 16 February 1953 – 8 July 1956[11]
Antigo AFS, Wisconsin, 16 February 1953 – 8 July 1956[12]
Fort Custer, Michigan, 16 February 1953 – 1 November 1953[13]
Rockville AFS, Indiana, 16 February 1953 – 1 March 1956[13]
Fort Knox, Kentucky, 16 February 1953 – 1 March 1956[13]
Support Squadrons
Oscoda AFB, Michigan, 1 February 1952 – 16 February 1953
Kinross AFB, MI, 14 November 1952 – 16 February 1953
F-51H, 1952
F-86D, 1953–1956
F-86E, 1952–1953
F-86F, 1952, 1955–1956
F-94C, 1955–1956
Vol II