45th Legislature of the Haitian Parliament explained

The 45th Legislature of the Haitian Parliament held office from 4 February 1991 to 4 February 1995.

Elections

Following the June 1988 military-led coup d'état, the months-old 44th Legislature was dissolved. Legislative activity was further delayed by the September 1988 coup and ongoing military rule. After the departures of generals Namphy and Avril, Gen. Hérard Abraham held elections for president and Parliament in two rounds of elections on 16 December 1990 and 20 January 1991, alongside the presidential election. Jean-Bertrand Aristide's National Front for Change and Democracy (FCND) won the parliamentary elections for which voter turnout was 50.8%.[1] [2]

The 45th Legislature's work was affected by a military coup eight months after the election which overthrew Aristide. Further partial Senate elections were held in Haiti on 18 January 1993 to elect one-third of the 27-member Senate.[3] The elections were held alongside by-elections for one seat in the Senate and three in the Chamber of Deputies.[4]

Held under the rule of Raoul Cédras (who had overthrown the democratically elected government in a 1991 coup) and overseen by Marc Bazin,[5] the 1993 elections were declared illegitimate by the Permanent Council of the Organization of American States. The members elected were supportive of the coup.

On 2 March 1993, police and soldiers entered Parliament to try to remove 13 parliamentarians elected in 1990 in order to ensure the newly elected members could take their place.[6] The presence of the members elected in the 1993 elections was an additional obstacle in the negotiations to return to civilian rule;[7] however, it was agreed that they would not take their seats.[8]

Legislative activity largely continued with the return of Aristide and civilian rule in October 1994.

Members

Senate

Chamber of Deputies

Leaders

Senate

NameTook officeLeft officeParty
Endrice Raymond[9] 19911991FNCD
Déjean Bélizaire[10] ? - August 199131 January 1993MNP 28
Firmin Jean-Louis[11] and Thomas Eddy Dupiton31 January 19934 February 1994FNCD
Bernard Sansaricq4 February 1994October 1994
Firmin Jean-LouisOctober 199413 October 1995FNCD

Chamber of Deputies

NameTook officeLeft officeParty
Ernst Pedro Casséus[12] 199120 August 1991
Pierre Duly Brutus[13] 20 August 1991[14] 1992
Alexandre Médard[15] 15 January 1992January 1993[16]
Antoine Joseph[17] January 1993January 1994
Frantz Robert Mondé13 January 19941994
Pierre Duly Brutus19941995

Notes and References

  1. [Dieter Nohlen]
  2. http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2137_90.htm Haiti: Elections held in 1990
  3. Crisis in Haiti: Seeking a Political Solution, United Nations Department of Public Information
  4. Freedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties, 1992-1993, p687
  5. David Malone (1998) Decision-making in the UN Security Council: The Case of Haiti, 1990-1997, Clarendon Press, p262
  6. David Malone (1998) Decision-making in the UN Security Council: The Case of Haiti, 1990-1997, Clarendon Press, p262
  7. Malone, p79
  8. United Nations Peace-keeping Information Notes 1995, p 193
  9. Book: Christian Lionet . Haïti: l'année Aristide . L'Harmattan . 1992 . 978-2-7384-1250-8.
  10. Web site: 1991 . JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20190116100513/http://ciat.bach.anaphore.org/file/misc/264_19911212.pdf . 16 January 2019 . 2020-08-04 . ciat.bach.anaphore.org.
  11. Book: Pezzullo, Ralph . Plunging into Haiti: Clinton, Aristide, and the Defeat of Diplomacy . 19 June 2019 . Univ. Press of Mississippi . 978-1-60473-534-5.
  12. News: 23 August 1991 . HAïTI : nouveau président à la Chambre des députés. . Le Monde.fr . Le Monde.
  13. Web site: Archived copy . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190116100513/http://ciat.bach.anaphore.org/file/misc/264_19911212.pdf%7B%7BBare . 16 January 2019 . 16 January 2019.
  14. News: 27 July 2020 . HAïTI : nouveau président à la Chambre des députés. . https://web.archive.org/web/20200727192337/https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1991/08/23/haiti-nouveau-president-a-la-chambre-des-deputes_4004062_1819218.html . 27 July 2020 . Le Monde.fr.
  15. Web site: The Haiti Files . 27 March 2024 . historyisaweapon.com.
  16. Book: Country Report: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico . 1993 . The Unit . en.
  17. Book: Pezzullo, Ralph . Plunging Into Haiti: Clinton, Aristide, and the Defeat of Diplomacy . 20 June 2019 . Univ. Press of Mississippi . 9781604735345 . Google Books.

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