4-Octyne Explained

4-Octyne, also known as dipropylethyne, is a type of alkyne with a triple bond at its fourth carbon (the '4-' indicates the location of the triple bond in the chain). Its formula is C8H14.

4-Octyne forms with 5-decyne, 3-hexyne, and 2-butyne a group of symmetric alkynes.

Preparation

One method for synthesizing 4-octyne is the reaction between acetylene and two equivalents of 1-bromopropane. Acetylene is first deprotonated by a base to give an anion, which then undergoes nucleophilic substitution with the bromopropane. The resulting alkyne is again deprotonated and reacts similarly with a second molecule of bromopropane. This reaction can be carried out in liquid ammonia at −70 °C with sodium amide as the base.[1]

Another synthetic route is the elimination reaction of 4,5-dibromooctane, which can be done in similar conditions.[2]

Properties

4-octyne is a colorless liquid at room temperature. Its density at 25 °C and otherwise stable conditions is 0.751 g/mL. The boiling point is 131–132 °C. The average molar mass is 110.20 g/mol.[3]

Notes and References

  1. Seifert. H.. 1948-05-01. Olefinsynthesen in der C6- bis C11-Reihe. Monatshefte für Chemie und verwandte Teile anderer Wissenschaften. de. 79. 3. 198–215. 10.1007/BF00899394. 1434-4475.
  2. Miller. Harold N.. Greenlee. Kenneth W.. Derfer. John M.. Boord. Cecil E.. Mono- and Di-Alkylacetylenes from Vicinal Dihalides and Sodium Amide in Liquid Ammonia1 . The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 1954 . en. 19. 12. 1882–1888. 10.1021/jo01377a003. 0022-3263.
  3. Book: Lide, David R.. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. 2010. 90th. Boca Raton, FL. 3–406. Physical Constants of Organic Compounds.