3C 459 Explained

3C 459
Epoch:J2000.0
Constellation Name:Pisces
Z:0.220120
Dist Ly:2.742 Gly (840.7 Mpc)
Appmag V:16.68
Appmag B:17.54
H Radial V:65,990 km/s
Type:Sy2, N galaxy;BLRG, LINER
Size:8.73-2NaN-2
(diameter; 0.5-1.2 keV Chandra)
Notes:Radio galaxy
Names:PGC 70899, IRAS 23140+0348, 4C +03.57, PKS 2314+03, NRAO 0709, TXS 2314+038

3C 459 known as IRAS 23140+0348, is a radio galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It is located 2.74 billion light years from Earth and is classified as a Seyfert 2 and LINER galaxy.[1]

Characteristics

3C 459 is categorized a Fanaroff-Riley class II radio galaxy.[2] [3] Its luminosity at both radio and far infrared wavelengths is Lv(4.8 GHz) = 1026.4 W Hz−1 and vLv(60 μm) = 1012.2 Lʘ.[4] The host galaxy of 3C 459 is an elliptical galaxy with a disturbed outer morphology indicating a product of a galaxy merger.[4] It also has a young stellar population.[5] [6]

3C 459 contains a triple radio structure, measuring a total extent of 29 kiloparsecs (kpc).[7] It consists of a radio core and two radio lobes separated by 40 kpc.[4] The radio core in 3C 459 has a compact steep radio spectrum with east and west extensions.[8] As for the lobes on the other hand, the western lobe is equally 5.5 times further from the nucleus,[7] while the eastern lobe is compact and more closer.[9] It is also indicated to be significantly depolarized by interstellar medium since only the western lobe shows strong polarization.[7]

According to follow-up observation by Chandra X-ray Observatory in 2014, 3C 459 shows X-ray emission properties. Although most X-ray emission originates from the radio core, a significant amount of it is found at larger angular separations from the core, surrounding the galaxy's lobes and radio jets.[10]

There is also detections of diffused nuclear emissions and a filamentary ionized gas structure in 3C 459 creating a single-sided triangular-shaped region with an outward expansion of up to ~ 80 kpc. In its central emission line region, it is dominated by two compact knots of similar flux. Both of them are found to have an offset of ~ 400 km s-1 from velocity point of view suggesting a dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) system in 3C 459.[11]

References

  1. Web site: By Name NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database . 2024-10-12 . ned.ipac.caltech.edu.
  2. Tadhunter . C. . Dickson . R. . Morganti . R. . Robinson . T. G. . Wills . K. . Villar-Martin . M. . Hughes . M. . March 2002 . The origin of the UV excess in powerful radio galaxies: spectroscopy and polarimetry of a complete sample of intermediate-redshift radio galaxies . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 330 . 4 . 977–996 . 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05153.x . free . astro-ph/0201391 . 2002MNRAS.330..977T . 0035-8711.
  3. J.E. Floyd . David . Axon . David . Baum . Stefi . Capetti . Alessandro . Chiaberge . Marco . Macchetto . Duccio . July 2008 . Hubble Space Telescope Near-infrared Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts. II. An Atlas and Inventory of the Host Galaxies, Mergers, and Companions . 2024-10-12 . The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series . 177 . 1 . 148–173 . 10.1086/587622. 0712.0595 . 2008ApJS..177..148F .
  4. Drake . Catherine L. . McGregor . Peter J. . Dopita . Michael A. . van Breugel . W. J. M. . November 2003 . Radio-ExcessIRASGalaxies: PMN/FSC Sample Selection . The Astronomical Journal . 126 . 5 . 2237–2267 . 10.1086/378714 . astro-ph/0306573 . 2003AJ....126.2237D . 0004-6256.
  5. Thomasson . P. . Saikia . D. J. . Muxlow . T. W. B. . May 2003 . 3C 459: a highly asymmetric radio galaxy with a starburst . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 341 . 1 . 91–99 . 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06393.x . free . astro-ph/0305176 . 2003MNRAS.341...91T . 0035-8711.
  6. Morganti . R. . Oosterloo . T. A. . Tadhunter . C. N. . van Moorsel . G. . Killeen . N. . Wills . K. A. . 2001-05-11 . H I absorption in radio galaxies: effect of orientation or interstellar medium? . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 323 . 2 . 331–342 . 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04153.x . free . astro-ph/0010636 . 2001MNRAS.323..331M . 0035-8711.
  7. Ulvestad . J. S. . 1985-01-01 . The radio structure and host galaxy of 3C 459. . The Astrophysical Journal . 288 . 514–520 . 10.1086/162816 . 1985ApJ...288..514U . 0004-637X.
  8. Farrah . D. . Rowan-Robinson . M. . Oliver . S. . Serjeant . S. . Borne . K. . Lawrence . A. . Lucas . R.A. . Bushouse . H. . Colina . L. . October 2001 . HST/WFPC2 imaging of the QDOT ultraluminous infrared galaxy sample . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 326 . 4 . 1333–1352 . 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2001.04721.x . free . astro-ph/0106275 . 2001MNRAS.326.1333F . 0035-8711.
  9. Morganti . R. . Oosterloo . T. . Tadhunter . C.N. . Aiudi . R. . Jones . P. . Villar-Martin . M. . December 1999 . The radio structures of southern 2-Jy radio sources: New ATCA and VLA radio images . Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series . 140 . 3 . 355–372. 10.1051/aas:1999427 . astro-ph/9910150 . 1999A&AS..140..355M .
  10. Maselli . A. . Kraft . R. P. . Massaro . F. . Hardcastle . M. J. . 2018-11-01 . Focusing on the extended X-ray emission in 3C 459 with a Chandra follow-up observation . Astronomy & Astrophysics . en . 619 . A75 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201833332 . 1812.04015 . 2018A&A...619A..75M . 0004-6361.
  11. Balmaverde . B. . Capetti . A. . Marconi . A. . Venturi . G. . Chiaberge . M. . Baldi . R. D. . Baum . S. . Gilli . R. . Grandi . P. . Meyer . E. . Miley . G. . O’Dea . C. . Sparks . W. . Torresi . E. . Tremblay . G. . 2018-11-01 . The MURALES survey - I. A dual AGN in the radio galaxy 3C 459? . Astronomy & Astrophysics . en . 619 . A83 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201833515 . 1809.04083 . 2018A&A...619A..83B . 0004-6361.

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