35th century BC explained

The 35th century BC in the Near East sees the gradual transition from the Chalcolithic to the Early Bronze Age. Proto-writing enters transitional stage, developing towards writing proper. Wheeled vehicles are now known beyond Mesopotamia, having spread north of the Caucasus and to Europe.

Cultures

• Susa (Iran since 7000 BC)
• Uruk period (Sumer)
• Naqada IIb (Ancient Egypt)
• Early Minoan I
• Sredny Stog culture (final phase)
• Yamna culture (early phase)
• Cucuteni culture
• Vinča culture
• Megalithic Europe (Atlantic fringe)
• Nuragic civilization (Sardinia)
• Comb Ceramic culture
• Funnelbeaker culture
• Yangshao culture

Artifacts

Only approximate dating is usually possible for mid-4th millennium artifacts.

• Kish tablet
• Bronocice pot
• Ginger (mummy)
• Knap of Howar

Events

• The Sahara desert starts to form from semi-arid savannah, through desertification.
• c. 3500 BC: First known zoo at Hierakonpolis.^[1]
• c. 3400 BC: Sumerian temple record keepers redesign the stamp seal in the form of a cylinder.
• c. 3500 BC: Pictographic proto-writing starts developing towards writing proper in Sumer, thus starting what is technically considered history.
• c. 3500 BC: The first monument of which there is still a trace is built on the Hill of Tara, the ancient seat of the High King of Ireland.^[2]
• c. 3500 BC: Tin is discovered.
• c. 3500 BC: The Eruption of Mount Isarog in the Philippines.^[3]
• c. 3500 BC: The Sumerians develop a logographic script, cuneiform
• c. 3484 BC: The oldest estimated germination of Alerce Milenario with more conservative dates of only ‘c.1653 BC’.^[4]

Sovereign states

See main article: List of sovereign states in the 35th century BC.

Notes and References

1. World's First Zoo - Hierakonpolis, Egypt, Archaeology Magazine, http://www.archaeology.org/1001/topten/egypt.html
2. Memory and Monuments at the Hill of Tara by Erin McDonald, Chronika Journal
3. Web site: Global Volcanism Program Isarog. 2021-01-22. Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program. en.
4. Web site: POPKIN . GABRIEL . 2022-05-20 . Is the world’s oldest tree growing in a ravine in Chile? . www.science.org.