340mm/45 Modèle 1912 gun explained

340mm/45 Modèle 1912 gun
Origin:France
Type:Naval gun
Is Ranged:YES
Is Artillery:YES
Is Uk:YES
Used By:France
Wars:First World War
Second World War
Variants:Model 1912M
Type C
Weight:66t
Part Length:15.4m (50.5feet) L/45
Cartridge:Separate-loading, bagged charge and projectiles
Cartridge Weight:NaNkg (-2,147,483,648lb)[1]
Caliber:340abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Rate:2 rpm
Velocity:800m/s[2]
Max Range:Naval: NaNkm (-2,147,483,648miles) at +23°
Coastal: 38.70NaN0 at +45°
Elevation:Naval: -5° to +15°
Coastal: 0 to +50°
Traverse:Fore and aft: -150° to +150°
Q turret: +30 to +150 L/R

The 340mm/45 Modèle 1912 gun (13.4 in) was a heavy naval gun of the French Navy. While the calibres of the naval guns of the French Navy were usually very close to those of their British counterparts, the calibre of 340 mm is specific to the French Navy.

The built-up gun was designed to be carried by the and classes in quadruple gun turrets, but no ship of these types was completed as a battleship. They were carried by the s in twin turrets. Some of these guns were used as railway guns and coastal artillery in World War I, also serving in World War II.

Railway gun

Due to the cancellation or conversion of most of the ships these guns were made for, the relatively large number of spare guns available facilitated their use as railway guns in both World Wars. Two batteries of 340 mm guns, with an authorized strength of one gun per battery, were operated by the 53rd Coast Artillery, U. S. Army, in World War I.[3] As with most French railway guns, after the Fall of France in World War II some of these weapons were used by the German army.

Two different railway guns were produced from these surplus guns:

Coast Defense Gun

During Operation Dragoon, the Free French battleship was one of the units engaged with 'Big Willie', ex-French turret battery controlling the approaches to Toulon. 'Big Willie' was armed with the guns taken from the French battleship, as a replacement for the original guns, sabotaged by its French crews, making this an unusual instance of both sides of an engagement using the 340mm/45 Modèle 1912 gun.

See also

Weapons of comparable role, performance and era

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: France 34 cm/45 (13.4") Model 1912 and Model 1912M - NavWeaps. DiGiulian. Tony. www.navweaps.com. en. 2018-09-15.
  2. Book: Friedman, Norman. Naval Weapons of World War Onedirectory. 2011. Seaforth Pub. 9781848321007. S. Yorkshire. 751804655.
  3. http://freepages.military.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cacunithistories/53rd_Arty.html 53rd Coast Artillery in World War I