33rd United States Congress explained

Imagedate:1846
Number:33rd
Start:March 4, 1853
End:March 4, 1855
Vp:William R. King (Democrat)
(until April 18, 1853)
Vacant
(from April 18, 1853)
Pro Tem:David R. Atchison (Democra)
Lewis Cass (D)
Jesse D. Bright (Democrat)
Speaker:Linn Boyd (Democrat)
Senators:62
Reps:234
Delegates:7
S-Majority:Democratic
H-Majority:Democratic
Sessionnumber1:Special
Sessionstart1:March 4, 1853
Sessionend1:April 11, 1853
Sessionnumber2:1st
Sessionstart2:December 5, 1853
Sessionend2:August 7, 1854
Sessionnumber3:2nd
Sessionstart3:December 4, 1854
Sessionend3:March 4, 1855
Previous:32nd
Next:34th

The 33rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1853, to March 4, 1855, during the first two years of Franklin Pierce's presidency. During this session, the Kansas–Nebraska Act was passed, an act that soon led to the creation of the Republican Party. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Major events

See also: 1853 in the United States, 1854 in the United States and 1855 in the United States.

Major legislation

Treaties

Territories organized

Party summary

House of Representatives

For the beginning of this congress, the size of the House was increased from 233 seats to 234 seats, following the 1850 United States census (See).

AffiliationParty

(Shading indicates majority caucus)

Total
style="background:black;" style="background:black;"
Democratic
(D)
Independent Democratic
(ID)
Free Soil
(FS)
Whig
(W)
Independent Party (United States)
(I)
OtherVacant
End of previous Congress12534860142321
Begin157rowspan=2 1471rowspan=2 1rowspan=2 02340
End155374
Final voting share66.7%0.4%0.9%31.6%0.4%0.1%
Beginning of next Congress79(Opposition coalition)
154
2331

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1856; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1854. The United States consisted of 31 states during this Congress.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

2. Clement C. Clay Jr. (D), from November 29, 1853

3. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D)

2. William K. Sebastian (D)

3. Solon Borland (D), until April 11, 1853

Robert W. Johnson (D), from July 6, 1853

1. John B. Weller (D)

3. William M. Gwin (D)

1. Isaac Toucey (D)

3. Truman Smith (W), until May 24, 1854

Francis Gillette (FS), from May 24, 1854

1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D)

2. John M. Clayton (W)

1. Stephen Mallory (D)

3. Jackson Morton (W)

2. Robert Toombs (D)

3. William C. Dawson (W)

2. Stephen A. Douglas (D)

3. James Shields (D)

1. Jesse D. Bright (D)

3. John Pettit (D)

2. George Wallace Jones (D)

3. Augustus C. Dodge (D), until February 22, 1855

2. John B. Thompson (A)

3. Archibald Dixon (W)

2. Judah P. Benjamin (W)

3. Pierre Soulé (D), until April 11, 1853

John Slidell (D), from December 5, 1853

1. Hannibal Hamlin (D)

2. William Pitt Fessenden (W), from February 10, 1854

1. Thomas Pratt (W)

3. James A. Pearce (W)

1. Charles Sumner (FS)

2. Edward Everett (W), until June 1, 1854

Julius Rockwell (W), from June 3, 1854, until January 31, 1855

Henry Wilson (FS), from January 31, 1855

1. Lewis Cass (D)

2. Charles E. Stuart (D)

1. Stephen Adams (D)

2. Albert G. Brown (D), from January 7, 1854

1. Henry S. Geyer (W)

3. David R. Atchison (D)

2. Charles G. Atherton (D), until November 15, 1853

Jared W. Williams (D), from November 29, 1853, until July 15, 1854

3. Moses Norris Jr. (D), until January 11, 1855

John S. Wells (D), from January 16, 1855

1. John R. Thomson (D)

2. William Wright (D)

1. Hamilton Fish (W)

3. William H. Seward (W)

2. David S. Reid (D), from December 6, 1854

3. George E. Badger (W)

1. Benjamin Wade (W)

3. Salmon P. Chase (FS)

1. Richard Brodhead (D)

3. James Cooper (W)

1. Charles T. James (D)

2. Philip Allen (D), from July 20, 1853

2. Josiah J. Evans (D)

3. Andrew Butler (D)

1. James C. Jones (W)

2. John Bell (W)

1. Thomas J. Rusk (D)

2. Samuel Houston (D)

1. Solomon Foot (W)

3. Samuel S. Phelps (W), until March 16, 1854

Lawrence Brainerd (FS), from October 14, 1854

1. James M. Mason (D)

2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D)

1. Henry Dodge (D)

3. Isaac P. Walker (D)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

. Philip Phillips (D)

. James Abercrombie (W)

. Sampson W. Harris (D)

. William R. Smith (D)

. George S. Houston (D)

. Williamson R. W. Cobb (D)

. James F. Dowdell (D)

. Alfred B. Greenwood (D)

. Edward A. Warren (D)

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

. Milton Latham (D)

. James A. McDougall (D)

. James T. Pratt (D)

. Colin M. Ingersoll (D)

. Nathan Belcher (D)

. Origen S. Seymour (D)

. George Read Riddle (D)

. Augustus Maxwell (D)

. James L. Seward (D)

. Alfred H. Colquitt (D)

. David J. Bailey (D)

. William B. W. Dent (D)

. Elijah W. Chastain (D)

. Junius Hillyer (D)

. David A. Reese (W)

. Alexander Stephens (W)

. Elihu B. Washburne (W)

. John Wentworth (D)

. Jesse O. Norton (W)

. James Knox (W)

. William A. Richardson (D)

. Richard Yates (W)

. James C. Allen (D)

. William H. Bissell (ID)

. Willis Allen (D)

. Smith Miller (D)

. William H. English (D)

. Cyrus L. Dunham (D)

. James H. Lane (D)

. Samuel W. Parker (W)

. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

. John G. Davis (D)

. Daniel Mace (D)

. Norman Eddy (D)

. Ebenezer M. Chamberlain (D)

. Andrew J. Harlan (D)

. Bernhart Henn (D)

. John P. Cook (W)

. Linn Boyd (D)

. Benjamin E. Grey (W)

. Presley Ewing (W), until September 27, 1854

Francis Bristow (W), from December 4, 1854

. James Chrisman (D)

. Clement S. Hill (W)

. John M. Elliott (D)

. William Preston (W)

. John C. Breckinridge (D)

. Leander Cox (W)

. Richard H. Stanton (D)

. William Dunbar (D)

. Theodore G. Hunt (W)

. John Perkins Jr. (D)

. Roland Jones (D)

. Moses MacDonald (D)

. Samuel Mayall (D)

. E. Wilder Farley (W)

. Samuel P. Benson (W)

. Israel Washburn Jr. (W)

. Thomas J. D. Fuller (D)

. John R. Franklin (W)

. Jacob Shower (D)

. Joshua Van Sant (D)

. Henry May (D)

. William T. Hamilton (D)

. Augustus R. Sollers (W)

. Zeno Scudder (W), until March 4, 1854

Thomas D. Eliot (W), from April 17, 1854

. Samuel L. Crocker (W)

. J. Wiley Edmands (W)

. Samuel H. Walley (W)

. William Appleton (W)

. Charles W. Upham (W)

. Nathaniel P. Banks (D)

. Tappan Wentworth (W)

. Alexander De Witt (FS)

. Edward Dickinson (W)

. John Z. Goodrich (W)

. David Stuart (D)

. David A. Noble (D)

. Samuel Clark (D)

. Hestor L. Stevens (D)

. Daniel B. Wright (D)

. William T. S. Barry (D)

. Otho R. Singleton (D)

. Wiley P. Harris (D)

. William Barksdale (D)

. Thomas H. Benton (D)

. Alfred W. Lamb (D)

. James J. Lindley (W)

. Mordecai Oliver (W)

. John G. Miller (W)

. John S. Phelps (D)

. Samuel Caruthers (W)

. George W. Kittredge (D)

. George W. Morrison (D)

. Harry Hibbard (D)

. Nathan T. Stratton (D)

. Charles Skelton (D)

. Samuel Lilly (D)

. George Vail (D)

. Alexander C. M. Pennington (W)

. James Maurice (D)

. Thomas W. Cumming (D)

. Hiram Walbridge (D)

. Michael Walsh (D)

. William M. Tweed (D)

. John Wheeler (D)

. William A. Walker (D)

. Francis B. Cutting (D)

. Jared V. Peck (D)

. William Murray (D)

. Theodoric R. Westbrook (D)

. Gilbert Dean (D), until July 3, 1854

Isaac Teller (W), from November 7, 1854

. Russell Sage (W)

. Rufus W. Peckham (D)

. Charles Hughes (D)

. George A. Simmons (W)

. Bishop Perkins (D)

. Peter Rowe (D)

. George W. Chase (W)

. Orsamus B. Matteson (W)

. Henry Bennett (W)

. Gerrit Smith (FS), until August 7, 1854

Henry C. Goodwin (W), from November 7, 1854

. Caleb Lyon (I)

. Daniel T. Jones (D)

. Edwin B. Morgan (W)

. Andrew Oliver (D)

. John J. Taylor (D)

. George Hastings (D)

. Azariah Boody (W) until October 13, 1853

Davis Carpenter (W), from November 8, 1853

. Benjamin Pringle (W)

. Thomas T. Flagler (W)

. Solomon G. Haven (W)

. Reuben Fenton (D)

. Henry M. Shaw (D)

. Thomas H. Ruffin (D)

. William S. Ashe (D)

. Sion H. Rogers (W)

. John Kerr Jr. (W)

. Richard C. Puryear (W)

. F. Burton Craige (D)

. Thomas L. Clingman (D)

. David T. Disney (D)

. John Scott Harrison (W)

. Lewis D. Campbell (W)

. Matthias H. Nichols (D)

. Alfred P. Edgerton (D)

. Andrew Ellison (D)

. Aaron Harlan (W)

. Moses B. Corwin (W)

. Frederick W. Green (D)

. John L. Taylor (W)

. Thomas Ritchey (D)

. Edson B. Olds (D)

. William D. Lindsley (D)

. Harvey H. Johnson (D)

. William R. Sapp (W)

. Edward Ball (W)

. Wilson Shannon (D)

. George Bliss (D)

. Edward Wade (FS)

. Joshua R. Giddings (FS)

. Andrew Stuart (D)

. Thomas B. Florence (D)

. Joseph R. Chandler (W)

. John Robbins Jr. (D)

. William H. Witte (D)

. John McNair (D)

. William Everhart (W)

. Samuel A. Bridges (D)

. Henry A. Muhlenberg (D), until January 9, 1854

J. Glancey Jones (D), from February 4, 1854

. Isaac E. Hiester (W)

. Ner A. Middleswarth (W)

. Christian M. Straub (D)

. Hendrick B. Wright (D)

. Asa Packer (D)

. Galusha A. Grow (D)

. James Gamble (D)

. William H. Kurtz (D)

. Samuel L. Russell (W)

. John McCulloch (W)

. Augustus Drum (D)

. John L. Dawson (D)

. David Ritchie (W)

. Thomas M. Howe (W)

. Michael C. Trout (D)

. Carlton B. Curtis (D)

. John Dick (W)

. Thomas Davis (D)

. Benjamin B. Thurston (D)

. John McQueen (D)

. William Aiken Jr. (D)

. Laurence M. Keitt (D)

. Preston Brooks (D)

. James L. Orr (D)

. William W. Boyce (D)

. Brookins Campbell (D), until December 25, 1853

Nathaniel G. Taylor (W), from March 30, 1854

. William M. Churchwell (D)

. Samuel A. Smith (D)

. William Cullom (W)

. Charles Ready (W)

. George W. Jones (D)

. Robert M. Bugg (W)

. Felix K. Zollicoffer (W)

. Emerson Etheridge (W)

. Frederick P. Stanton (D)

. George W. Smyth (D)

. Peter H. Bell (D)

. James Meacham (W)

. Andrew Tracy (W)

. Alvah Sabin (W)

. Thomas H. Bayly (D)

. John S. Millson (D)

. John Caskie (D)

. William Goode (D)

. Thomas S. Bocock (D)

. Paulus Powell (D)

. William Smith (D)

. Charles J. Faulkner Sr. (D)

. John Letcher (D)

. Zedekiah Kidwell (D)

. John F. Snodgrass (D), until June 5, 1854

Charles S. Lewis (D), from December 4, 1854

. Henry A. Edmundson (D)

. LaFayette McMullen (D)

. Daniel Wells Jr. (D)

. Ben C. Eastman (D)

. John B. Macy (D)

Non-voting members

. John W. Whitfield (D), from December 20, 1854

. Henry M. Rice (D)

. Napoleon B. Giddings (D), from January 5, 1855

. José Manuel Gallegos (D)

. Joseph Lane (D)

. John M. Bernhisel

. Columbia Lancaster (D), from April 12, 1854

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate.

|-| Rhode Island
(2)| Vacant| Failure to elect.
Successor was elected July 20, 1853.| | Philip Allen (D)| July 20, 1853

|-| Alabama
(2)| Vacant| Failure to elect.
Successor elected November 29, 1853.| | Clement C. Clay (D)| November 29, 1853

|-| Mississippi
(2)| Vacant| Failure to elect.
Successor elected January 7, 1854.| | Albert G. Brown (D)| January 7, 1854

|-| Maine
(2)| Vacant| Failure to elect.
Successor was elected February 10, 1854.| | William P. Fessenden (W)| February 10, 1854

|-| North Carolina
(2)| Vacant| Failure to elect.
Successor was elected December 6, 1854.| | David Reid (D)| December 6, 1854

|-| Arkansas
(3)| | Solon Borland (D)| Resigned April 11, 1853, after being appointed U.S. Minister to Nicaragua and other Central American Republics.
Successor appointed July 6, 1853.| | Robert W. Johnson (D)| July 6, 1853

|-| Louisiana
(3)| | Pierre Soulé (D)| Resigned April 11, 1853, after being appointed U.S. Minister to Spain.
Successor elected December 5, 1853.| | John Slidell (D)| December 5, 1853

|-| New Hampshire
(2)| | Charles G. Atherton (D)| Died November 15, 1853.| | Jared W. Williams (D)| November 29, 1853

|-| Vermont
(3)| | Samuel S. Phelps (W)| Senate declared not entitled to seat March 16, 1854.
Successor elected October 14, 1854.| | Lawrence Brainerd (FS)| October 14, 1854

|-| Connecticut
(3)| | Truman Smith (W)| Resigned May 24, 1854.
Successor was elected May 24, 1854.| | Francis Gillette (FS)| May 24, 1854

|-| Massachusetts
(2)| | Edward Everett (W)| Resigned June 1, 1854
Successor was appointed to serve until a new successor was elected.| | Julius Rockwell (W)| June 3, 1854

|-| New Hampshire
(2)| | Jared W. Williams (D)| Resigned August 4, 1854.| Vacant| Not filled this term

|-| New Hampshire
(3)| | Moses Norris Jr. (D)| Died January 11, 1855.
Successor appointed January 16, 1855, to finish the term.| | John S. Wells (D)| January 16, 1855

|-| Massachusetts
(2)| | Julius Rockwell (W)| Successor elected January 31, 1855.| | Henry Wilson (FS) | January 31, 1855

|-| Iowa
(3)| | Augustus C. Dodge (D)| Resigned February 22, 1855, after being appointed U.S. Minister to Spain.| Vacant| Not filled this term|}

House of Representatives

See main article: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives.

|-| | Vacant| style="font-size:80%" | New seat established after Washington became a territory near the end of previous Congress. Seat was vacant until April 12, 1854.| | Columbia Lancaster (D)| Seated April 12, 1854|-| | | Azariah Boody (W)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on October 13, 1853| | Davis Carpenter (W)| Seated November 8, 1853|-| | | Brookins Campbell (D)| style="font-size:80%" | Died December 25, 1853| | Nathaniel G. Taylor (W)| Seated March 30, 1854|-| | | Henry A. Muhlenberg (D)| style="font-size:80%" | Died January 9, 1854| | J. Glancy Jones (D)| Seated February 4, 1854|-| | | Zeno Scudder (W)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 4, 1854| | Thomas D. Eliot (W)| Seated April 17, 1854|-| | New seat| style="font-size:80%" | New seat established after Kansas became a territory May 30, 1854. Seat was vacant until December 20, 1854.| | John W. Whitfield (D)| Seated December 20, 1854|-| | New seat| style="font-size:80%" | New seat established after Nebraska became a territory May 30, 1854. Seat was vacant until January 5, 1855.| | Napoleon B. Giddings (D)| Seated December 5, 1855|-| | | John F. Snodgrass (D)| style="font-size:80%" | Died June 5, 1854| | Charles S. Lewis (D)| Seated December 4, 1854|-| | | Gilbert Dean (D)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 3, 1854, after being appointed justice of the Supreme Court of New York| | Isaac Teller (W)| Seated November 7, 1854|-| | | Gerrit Smith (W)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 7, 1854| | Henry C. Goodwin (W)| Seated November 7, 1854|-| | | Presley Ewing (W)| style="font-size:80%" | Died September 27, 1854| | Francis Bristow (W)| Seated December 4, 1854|}

Committees

List of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

External links