November 30 Explained

Events

Pre-1600

• 978  - Franco-German war of 978–980: Holy Roman Emperor Otto II lifts the siege of Paris and withdraws.^[1]

1601–1900

• 1707  - Queen Anne's War: The second Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the British Empire and their Creek allies to capture Pensacola, Spanish Florida.^[2]
• 1718  - Great Northern War: King Charles XII of Sweden dies during a siege of the fortress of Fredriksten in Norway.^[3]
• 1782  - American Revolutionary War: Treaty of Paris: In Paris, representatives from the United States and Great Britain sign preliminary peace articles (later formalized as the 1783 Treaty of Paris).^[4]
• 1786  - The Grand Duchy of Tuscany, under Pietro Leopoldo I, becomes the first modern state to abolish the death penalty (later commemorated as Cities for Life Day).^[5]
• 1803  - The Balmis Expedition starts in Spain with the aim of vaccinating millions against smallpox in Spanish America and Philippines.^[6]
• 1803  - In New Orleans, Spanish representatives officially transfer the Louisiana Territory to the French First Republic.^[7]
• 1853  - Crimean War: Battle of Sinop: The Imperial Russian Navy under Pavel Nakhimov destroys the Ottoman fleet under Osman Pasha at Sinop, a sea port in northern Turkey.^[8]
• 1864  - American Civil War: The Confederate Army of Tennessee suffers heavy losses in an attack on the Union Army of the Ohio in the Battle of Franklin.^[9]
• 1872  - The first-ever international football match takes place at Hamilton Crescent, Glasgow, between Scotland and England.^[10]

1901–present

• 1916  - Costa Rica signs the Buenos Aires Convention, a copyright treaty.
• 1936  - In London, the Crystal Palace is destroyed by fire.^[11]
• 1939  - World War II: The Soviet Red Army crosses the Finnish border in several places and bomb Helsinki and several other Finnish cities, starting the Winter War.
• 1940  - World War II: Signing of the Sino-Japanese Treaty of 1940 between the Empire of Japan and the newly formed Wang Jingwei-led Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China. This treaty was considered so unfair to China that it was compared to the Twenty-One Demands.^[12]
• 1941  - The Holocaust: The SS-Einsatzgruppen round up roughly 25,000 Jews from the Riga Ghetto and kill them in the Rumbula massacre.^[13]
• 1942  - World War II: Battle of Tassafaronga; A smaller squadron of Imperial Japanese Navy destroyers led by Raizō Tanaka defeats a U.S. Navy cruiser force under Carleton H. Wright.
• 1947  - Civil War in Mandatory Palestine begins, leading up to the creation of the State of Israel and the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.
• 1953  - Edward Mutesa II, the kabaka (king) of Buganda is deposed and exiled to London by Sir Andrew Cohen, Governor of Uganda.
• 1954  - In Sylacauga, Alabama, United States, the Hodges meteorite crashes through a roof and hits a woman taking an afternoon nap; this is the only documented case in the Western Hemisphere of a human being hit by a rock from space.
• 1962  - Eastern Air Lines Flight 512 crashes at Idlewild Airport, killing 25 people.^[14]
• 1966  - Decolonization: Barbados becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
• 1967  - Decolonization: South Yemen becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
• 1967  - The Pakistan Peoples Party is founded by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who becomes its first chairman.
• 1967  - Pro-Soviet communists in the Philippines establish Malayang Pagkakaisa ng Kabataan Pilipino as its new youth wing.
• 1971  - Iran seizes the Greater and Lesser Tunbs from the Emirates of Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah.
• 1972  - Vietnam War: White House Press Secretary Ron Ziegler tells the press that there will be no more public announcements concerning American troop withdrawals from Vietnam because troop levels are now down to 27,000.
• 1981  - Cold War: In Geneva, representatives from the United States and the Soviet Union begin to negotiate intermediate-range nuclear weapon reductions in Europe. (The meetings end inconclusively on December 17.)
• 1995  - Official end of Operation Desert Storm.^[15]
• 1995  - U.S. President Bill Clinton visits Northern Ireland and speaks in favor of the "Northern Ireland peace process" to a huge rally at Belfast City Hall; he calls IRA fighters "yesterday's men".
• 1999  - Exxon and Mobil sign a US$73.7 billion agreement to merge, thus creating ExxonMobil, the world's largest company.
• 1999  - In Seattle, United States, demonstrations against a World Trade Organization meeting by anti-globalization protesters catch police unprepared and force the cancellation of opening ceremonies.
• 1999  - British Aerospace and Marconi Electronic Systems merge to form BAE Systems, Europe's largest defense contractor and the fourth largest aerospace firm in the world.
• 2000  - NASA launches STS-97, the 101st Space Shuttle mission.^[16]
• 2004  - A McDonnell Douglas MD-82, operating as Lion Air Flight 538, overran the runway and crashed, killing 25 people.^{[17] [18]}
• 2005  - John Sentamu becomes the first black archbishop in the Church of England with his enthronement as the 97th Archbishop of York.
• 2018  - A magnitude 7.1 earthquake with its epicenter only 15mile from Anchorage, Alaska causes significant property damage but no deaths.
• 2021  - Barbados becomes a republic.^[19]
• 2021  - A 15-year-old gunman murders four students and injures seven people, including a teacher, in a mass shooting at Oxford High School in Oxford Township, Michigan.^[20]
• 2022  - The AI chatbot ChatGPT is launched by OpenAI.^[21]

Births

Pre-1600

• 539  - Gregory of Tours, French bishop and saint (probable;^[22] d. 594)
• 1310  - Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen (d. 1349)
• 1340  - John, Duke of Berry (d. 1416)^[23]
• 1364  - John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, Scottish soldier (d. 1390)
• 1426  - Johann IV Roth, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1506)
• 1427  - Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland (d. 1492)^[24]
• 1459  - Mingyi Nyo, founder of Toungoo dynasty of Burma (d. 1530)
• 1466  - Andrea Doria, Italian admiral (d. 1560)^[25]
• 1485  - Veronica Gambara, Italian poet and stateswoman (d. 1550)
• 1508  - Andrea Palladio, Italian architect and theoretician, designed the Church of San Giorgio Maggiore and Teatro Olimpico (d. 1580)
• 1549  - Sir Henry Savile, English scholar and mathematician (d. 1622)^[26]
• 1554  - Philip Sidney, English soldier, courtier, and poet (d. 1586)
• 1573  - Aubert Miraeus, Belgian historian (d. 1640)
• 1594  - John Cosin, English bishop and academic (d. 1672)
• 1599  - Andrea Sacchi, Italian painter (d. 1661)

1601–1900

• 1614  - William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford (d. 1680)
• 1625  - Jean Domat, French scholar and jurist (d. 1696)
• 1637  - Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French historian and author (d. 1698)
• 1642  - Andrea Pozzo, Jesuit Brother, architect and painter (d. 1709)
• 1645  - Andreas Werckmeister, German organist, composer, and theorist (d. 1706)
• 1667  - Jonathan Swift, Irish satirist and essayist (d. 1745)
• 1670  - John Toland, Irish philosopher and author (d. 1722)
• 1683  - Ludwig Andreas von Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (d. 1744)
• 1699  - King Christian VI of Denmark (d. 1746)^[27]
• 1719  - Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (d. 1772)
• 1723  - William Livingston, American lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of New Jersey (d. 1790)
• 1748  - Joachim Albertini, Italian-Polish composer (d. 1838)
• 1756  - Ernst Chladni, German physicist and author (d. 1827)
• 1764  - Franz Xaver Gerl, Austrian singer and composer (d. 1827)
• 1768  - Jędrzej Śniadecki, Polish physician, chemist, and biologist (d. 1838)
• 1781  - Alexander Berry, Scottish surgeon, merchant, and explorer (d. 1873)
• 1791  - Count Franz Philipp von Lamberg, Austrian field marshal and politician (d. 1848)
• 1796  - Carl Loewe, German singer, composer, and conductor (d. 1869)
• 1810  - Oliver Winchester, American businessman and politician, founded the Winchester Repeating Arms Company (d. 1880)
• 1813  - Louise-Victorine Ackermann, French poet and author (d. 1890)
• 1813  - Charles-Valentin Alkan, French pianist and composer (d. 1888)
• 1817  - Theodor Mommsen, German jurist, historian, and scholar, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1903)
• 1821  - Frederick Temple, English archbishop and academic (d. 1902)
• 1825  - William-Adolphe Bouguereau, French painter and educator (d. 1905)
• 1832  - James Dickson, English-Australian politician, 13th Premier of Queensland (d. 1901)
• 1835  - Mark Twain, American novelist, humorist, and critic (d. 1910)^[28]
• 1836  - Lord Frederick Cavendish, Anglo-Irish soldier and politician, Chief Secretary for Ireland (d. 1882)
• 1840  - Henry Birks, Canadian businessman, founded Birks & Mayors (d. 1928)
• 1843  - Martha Ripley, American physician (d. 1912)^[29]
• 1847  - Afonso Pena, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 6th President of Brazil (d. 1909)
• 1857  - Bobby Abel, English cricketer (d. 1936)
• 1858  - Jagadish Chandra Bose, Indian physicist, biologist, botanist, and archaeologist (d. 1937)
• 1863  - Andrés Bonifacio, Filipino activist and politician, co-founded Katipunan (d. 1897)
• 1866  - Andrey Lyapchev, Bulgarian politician, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 1933)
• 1869  - Gustaf Dalén, Swedish physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1937)
• 1869  - James Hamilton, 3rd Duke of Abercorn, English lawyer and politician, Governor of Northern Ireland (d. 1953)
• 1872  - John McCrae, Canadian physician, soldier, and poet (d. 1918)
• 1873  - Božena Benešová, Czech author and poet (d. 1936)
• 1874  - Winston Churchill, English colonel, journalist, and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965)
• 1874  - Lucy Maud Montgomery, English-Canadian author and poet (d. 1942)
• 1875  - Myron Grimshaw, American baseball player (d. 1936)^[30]
• 1875  - Otto Strandman, Estonian lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1941)
• 1883  - Gustav Suits, Estonian-Swedish poet and politician (d. 1956)
• 1887  - Andrej Gosar, Slovenian economist, lawyer, and politician (d. 1970)
• 1887  - Beatrice Kerr, Australian swimmer and diver (d. 1971)
• 1888  - Harry Altham, English cricketer and coach (d. 1965)
• 1889  - Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, English physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1977)
• 1889  - Reuvein Margolies, Ukrainian-Israeli author and scholar (d. 1971)
• 1898  - Firpo Marberry, American baseball player and manager (d. 1976)

1901–present

• 1904  - Clyfford Still, American painter and educator (d. 1980)
• 1906  - John Dickson Carr, American author and playwright (d. 1977)^[31]
• 1906  - Andrés Henestrosa, Mexican poet, linguist, and politician (d. 2008)
• 1907  - Jacques Barzun, French-American historian and author (d. 2012)
• 1909  - Robert Nighthawk, American singer and guitarist (d. 1967)
• 1911  - Carle Hessay, German-Canadian painter (d. 1978)
• 1911  - Jorge Negrete, Mexican singer and actor (d. 1953)
• 1912  - Jaan Hargel, Estonian flute player, conductor, and educator (d. 1966)
• 1912  - Gordon Parks, American photographer and director (d. 2006)^[32]
• 1915  - Brownie McGhee, American folk-blues singer and guitarist (d. 1996)
• 1915  - Henry Taube, Canadian-American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
• 1916  - Dena Epstein, American musicologist and author (d. 2013)
• 1916  - Michael Gwynn, English actor (d. 1976)
• 1918  - Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., American actor (d. 2014)
• 1919  - Jane C. Wright, American oncologist and cancer researcher (d. 2013)
• 1920  - Virginia Mayo, American actress (d. 2005)^[33]
• 1924  - Elliott Blackstone, American police officer and activist (d. 2006)
• 1924  - Shirley Chisholm, American activist, educator and politician (d. 2005)
• 1924  - Allan Sherman, American actor, comedian, singer, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1973)
• 1925  - Maryon Pittman Allen, American journalist and politician (d. 2018)
• 1925  - William H. Gates, Sr., American lawyer and philanthropist (d. 2020)
• 1926  - Teresa Gisbert Carbonell, Bolivian architect and art historian (d. 2018)
• 1926  - Richard Crenna, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2003)
• 1927  - Robert Guillaume, American actor and singer (d. 2017)
• 1928  - Takako Doi, Japanese scholar and politician 68th Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan (d. 2014)
• 1928  - Joe B. Hall, American basketball player and coach (d. 2022)^[34]
• 1928  - Steele Hall, Australian politician, 36th Premier of South Australia (d. 2024)
• 1928  - Andres Narvasa, Filipino lawyer and jurist, 19th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines (d. 2013)
• 1929  - Dick Clark, American television host and producer, founded Dick Clark Productions (d. 2012)
• 1929  - Joan Ganz Cooney, American screenwriter and producer, co-created Sesame Street
• 1930  - G. Gordon Liddy, American lawyer, radio host, television actor and criminal (d. 2021)
• 1931  - Vivian Lynn, New Zealand artist (d. 2018)^[35]
• 1931  - Bill Walsh, American football player and coach (d. 2007)
• 1931  - Margot Zemach, American author and illustrator (d. 1989)
• 1932  - Bob Moore, American bassist (d. 2021)
• 1932  - Cho Nam-chul, South Korean Go player (d. 2006)
• 1933  - Norman Deeley, English footballer and manager (d. 2007)
• 1933  - Sam Gilliam, American painter and educator (d. 2022)
• 1934  - Marcel Prud'homme, Canadian politician (d. 2017)
• 1935  - Woody Allen, American actor, director, and screenwriter^[36]
• 1936  - Dmitri Anosov, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 2014)
• 1936  - Abbie Hoffman, American activist and author, co-founded the Youth International Party (d. 1989)
• 1937  - Jimmy Bowen, American record producer, songwriter, and pop singer
• 1937  - Praveen Chaudhari, Indian-American physicist and academic (d. 2010)
• 1937  - Frank Ifield, English-Australian singer and guitarist (d. 2024)^[37]
• 1937  - Luther Ingram, American R&B/soul singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
• 1937  - Ridley Scott, English director, producer, and production designer^[38]
• 1937  - Tom Simpson, English cyclist (d. 1967)
• 1937  - Adeline Yen Mah, Chinese-American physician and author
• 1938  - Jean Eustache, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1981)^[39]
• 1938  - John M. Goldman, English haematologist and oncologist (d. 2013)
• 1940  - Kevin Phillips, American political analyst and author (d. 2023)^[40]
• 1940  - Dan Tieman, American basketball player and coach (d. 2012)
• 1941  - Phil Willis, Baron Willis of Knaresborough, English politician
• 1943  - Norma Alarcón, American author and professor^[41]
• 1943  - Terrence Malick, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1944  - George Graham, Scottish footballer and manager
• 1945  - Hilary Armstrong, Baroness Armstrong of Hill Top, English academic and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster^[42]
• 1945  - Roger Glover, Welsh bass player, songwriter, and producer
• 1945  - Vani Jairam, Indian playback singer (d. 2023)^[43]
• 1945  - John R. Powers, American author and playwright (d. 2013)
• 1946  - George Duffield, English jockey and trainer
• 1947  - Sergio Badilla Castillo, Chilean-Swedish poet and translator
• 1947  - David Mamet, American playwright, screenwriter, and director^[44]
• 1949  - Jim Chones, American basketball player^[45]
• 1949  - Matthew Festing, 79th Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (d. 2021)
• 1949  - Jimmy London, Jamaican singer-songwriter
• 1950  - Patricia Ann Tracey, American Naval Vice Admiral^[46]
• 1950  - Paul Westphal, American basketball player and coach (d. 2021)
• 1951  - Daniel Petrie, Jr., American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1952  - Semyon Bychkov, Russian-American conductor
• 1952  - Mandy Patinkin, American actor and singer
• 1953  - Shuggie Otis, American singer-songwriter and musician
• 1953  - June Pointer, American singer and actress (d. 2006)
• 1953  - David Sancious, American rock and jazz keyboard player and guitarist
• 1954  - Wayne Bartholomew, Australian surfer
• 1954  - Lawrence Summers, American economist and academic
• 1955  - Michael Beschloss, American historian and author
• 1955  - Richard Burr, American businessman, academic, and politician
• 1955  - Kevin Conroy, American actor (d. 2022)^[47]
• 1955  - Andy Gray, Scottish footballer and sportscaster
• 1955  - Billy Idol, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1957  - John Ashton, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer
• 1957  - Richard Barbieri, English keyboard player and songwriter
• 1957  - Joël Champetier, Canadian author and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1957  - Thomas McElweem Irish Republican and hunger striker (d. 1981)^[48]
• 1957  - Patrick McLoughlin, English miner and politician, Secretary of State for Transport
• 1957  - Colin Mochrie, Scottish-Canadian comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1957  - Margaret Spellings, American educator and politician, 8th United States Secretary of Education
• 1958  - Stacey Q, American pop singer-songwriter, dancer and actress
• 1959  - Cherie Currie, American singer-songwriter, musician, and actress
• 1959  - Lorraine Kelly, Scottish journalist and actress
• 1959  - Hugo Swire, English soldier and politician, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs
• 1960  - Bill Halter, American scholar, activist, and politician, 14th Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas
• 1960  - Gary Lineker, English footballer and sportscaster
• 1960  - Michael O'Connor, Australian rugby player
• 1960  - Bob Tewksbury, American baseball player and coach
• 1960  - Ron Simons, American theatre producer and actor (d. 2024)^[49]
• 1961  - Innocent Egbunike, Nigerian sprinter and coach
• 1961  - Ian Morris, Trinidadian footballer and sprinter
• 1962  - Jimmy Del Ray, American wrestler and manager (d. 2014)
• 1962  - Bo Jackson, American football and baseball player
• 1962  - Daniel Keys Moran, American computer programmer and author
• 1964  - Jushin Thunder Liger, Japanese wrestler and mixed martial artist
• 1965  - Aldair, Brazilian footballer
• 1965  - Fumihito, Prince Akishino, Japanese royal (younger brother of Emperor Naruhito and first in line to the Chrysanthemum throne)
• 1965  - David Laws, English banker and politician, Chief Secretary to the Treasury
• 1965  - Ben Stiller, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
• 1966  - Nigel Adams, English businessman and politician
• 1966  - David Berkoff, American swimmer
• 1966  - John Bishop, English comedian, presenter, and actor
• 1966  - Philippe Bozon, French ice hockey player^[50]
• 1966  - David Nicholls, English author and screenwriter
• 1966  - Mika Salo, Finnish racing driver
• 1967  - Joseph Corré, English fashion designer and businessman, co-founded Agent Provocateur
• 1967  - Rajiv Dixit, Indian author and activist (d. 2010)
• 1967  - Richard Harry, Australian rugby player
• 1968  - Des'ree, English R&B singer-songwriter
• 1968  - Laurent Jalabert, French cyclist and sportscaster
• 1969  - Marc Forster, German-Swiss director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1969  - Marc Goossens, Belgian racing driver
• 1969  - Chris Weitz, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1970  - Phil Babb, English footballer and manager
• 1970  - Walter Emanuel Jones, American actor and dancer
• 1970  - Natalie Williams, American basketball player and executive^[51]
• 1971  - Ray Durham, American baseball player
• 1972  - Christophe Beck, Canadian television and film score composer and conductor^[52]
• 1972  - Dan Jarvis, English soldier and politician
• 1972  - Stanislav Kitto, Estonian footballer
• 1972  - Abel Xavier, Portuguese footballer and manager
• 1973  - Christian Cage, Canadian wrestler, actor, and podcaster
• 1975  - Mark Blount, American basketball player^[53]
• 1975  - Mindy McCready, American singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
• 1975  - Ben Thatcher, English footballer
• 1976  - Marta Burgay, Italian astronomer
• 1976  - Marco Castro, Peruvian-American director and cinematographer
• 1976  - Andres Lacson, Filipino politician^[54]
• 1976  - Josh Lewsey, English rugby player
• 1976  - Paul Nuttall, British politician
• 1977  - Richard Elias Anderson, Canadian basketball player and coach
• 1977  - Steve Aoki, American DJ and producer, founded Dim Mak Records
• 1977  - Iván Guerrero, Honduran footballer and manager
• 1977  - Kazumi Saito, Japanese baseball player and coach
• 1977  - Olivier Schoenfelder, French ice dancer and coach
• 1978  - Clay Aiken, American singer
• 1978  - Gael García Bernal, Mexican actor and producer
• 1978  - Benjamin Lense, German footballer
• 1979  - Chris Atkinson, Australian racing driver
• 1979  - Andrés Nocioni, Italian-Argentine basketball player
• 1980  - Cem Adrian, Turkish singer-songwriter, producer, and director
• 1980  - Jamie Ashdown, English footballer
• 1980  - Shane Victorino, American baseball player^[55]
• 1981  - Rich Harden, Canadian baseball player
• 1982  - Elisha Cuthbert, Canadian actress
• 1982  - Jason Pominville, Canadian-American ice hockey player
• 1983  - Adrian Cristea, Romanian footballer
• 1983  - Vladislav Polyakov, Kazakhstani swimmer
• 1984  - Nigel de Jong, Dutch footballer
• 1984  - Alan Hutton, Scottish footballer^[56]
• 1984  - Olga Rypakova, Kazakhstani triple jumper
• 1984  - Francisco Sandaza, Spanish footballer
• 1985  - Kaley Cuoco, American actress
• 1985  - Hikari Mitsushima, Japanese actress and singer
• 1985  - Chrissy Teigen, American model
• 1985  - Luis Valbuena, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 2018)^[57]
• 1986  - Jordan Farmar, American basketball player
• 1986  - Evgenia Linetskaya, Israeli tennis player^[58]
• 1987  - Vasilisa Bardina, Russian tennis player
• 1987  - Christel Khalil, American actress
• 1987  - Naomi, American wrestler, model, and dancer
• 1987  - Daniel Noboa, President-elect of Ecuador and businessman^[59]
• 1987  - Dougie Poynter, English singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1988  - Phillip Hughes, Australian cricketer (d. 2014)^[60]
• 1988  - Vitaliy Polyanskyi, Ukrainian footballer
• 1988  - Rebecca Rittenhouse, American actress
• 1988  - Tomi Saarelma, Finnish footballer
• 1989  - Adelaide Clemens, Australian actress
• 1989  - Vladimír Weiss, Slovak footballer
• 1990  - Magnus Carlsen, Norwegian chess player^[61]
• 1990  - Antoine N'Gossan, Ivorian footballer^[62]
• 1991  - Agnatius Paasi, Tongan rugby league player^[63]
• 1994  - Sofia Araújo, Portuguese tennis player^[64]
• 1994  - Marko Daňo, Austrian-Slovak ice hockey player^[65]
• 1998  - Grant Williams, American basketball player^[66]

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 1016  - Edmund Ironside, English king (b. 993)^[67]
• 1204  - Emeric, King of Hungary^[68]
• 1276  - Kanezawa Sanetoki, Japanese member of the Hōjō clan (b. 1224)
• 1283  - John of Vercelli, Master General of the Dominican Order (b. c. 1205)
• 1378  - Andrew Stratford, English verderer and landowner
• 1525  - Guillaume Crétin, French poet (b. c. 1460)
• 1526  - Giovanni dalle Bande Nere, Italian captain (b. 1498)
• 1580  - Richard Farrant, English playwright and composer (b. 1530)
• 1600  - Nanda Bayin, Burmese king (b. 1535)

1601–1900

• 1603  - William Gilbert, English scientist (b. 1544)^[69]
• 1623  - Thomas Weelkes, English organist and composer (b. 1576)
• 1647  - Bonaventura Cavalieri, Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1598)
• 1647  - Giovanni Lanfranco, Italian painter (b. 1582)
• 1654  - John Selden, English jurist and scholar (b. 1584)
• 1675  - Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, English lawyer and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1605)
• 1694  - Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician and biologist (b. 1628)^[70]
• 1703  - Nicolas de Grigny, French organist and composer (b. 1672)
• 1718  - Charles XII of Sweden (b. 1682)
• 1760  - Friederike Caroline Neuber, German actress (b. 1697)^[71]
• 1761  - John Dollond, English optician and astronomer (b. 1706)
• 1765  - George Glas, Scottish merchant and explorer (b. 1725)
• 1863  - Kamehameha IV, Hawaiian King (b. 1834)
• 1864  - Patrick Cleburne, Irish-American general (b. 1828)
• 1892  - Dimitrios Valvis, Greek judge and politician, 69th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1814)
• 1900  - Oscar Wilde, Irish playwright, novelist, and poet (b. 1854)^[72]

1901–present

• 1901  - Edward John Eyre, English explorer and politician, Governor of Jamaica (b. 1815)
• 1907  - Ludwig Levy, German architect (b. 1854)
• 1908  - Nishinoumi Kajirō I, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 16th Yokozuna (b. 1855)
• 1920  - Vladimir May-Mayevsky, Russian general (b. 1867)
• 1923  - John Maclean, Scottish educator and revolutionary socialist activist (b. 1879)
• 1930  - Ponnambalam Ramanathan, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 3rd Solicitor General of Sri Lanka (b. 1851)
• 1930  - Mary Harris Jones, American Labor organizer (b. 1837)
• 1931  - Henry Walters, American art collector and philanthropist (b. 1848)
• 1933  - Arthur Currie, Canadian general (b. 1875)
• 1934  - Hélène Boucher, French pilot (b. 1908)
• 1935  - Fernando Pessoa, Portuguese poet, philosopher, and critic (b. 1888)
• 1942  - Anthony M. Rud, American journalist and author (b. 1893)
• 1943  - Etty Hillesum, Dutch author (b. 1914)
• 1944  - Paul Masson, French cyclist (b. 1876)
• 1949  - Frank Cooper, Australian politician, 25th Premier of Queensland (b. 1872)
• 1953  - Francis Picabia, French painter and poet (b. 1879)
• 1954  - Wilhelm Furtwängler, German conductor and composer (b. 1886)
• 1955  - Josip Štolcer-Slavenski, Croatian composer and educator (b. 1896)
• 1958  - Hubert Wilkins, Australian pilot, ornithologist, geographer, and explorer (b. 1888)
• 1966  - Salah Suheimat, Jordanian lawyer and politician (b. 1914)
• 1967  - Patrick Kavanagh, Irish poet and author (b. 1904)
• 1972  - Compton Mackenzie, English-Scottish actor, author, and academic (b. 1883)
• 1977  - Terence Rattigan, English playwright and screenwriter (b. 1911)
• 1979  - Laura Gilpin, American photographer (b.1891)^[73]
• 1979  - Zeppo Marx, American actor and comedian (b. 1901)
• 1987  - Simon Carmiggelt, Dutch journalist and author (b. 1913)
• 1988  - Pannonica de Koenigswarter, English-American singer-songwriter (b. 1913)
• 1989  - Ahmadou Ahidjo, Cameroonian lawyer and politician, 1st President of Cameroon (b. 1924)
• 1989  - Alfred Herrhausen, German banker (b. 1930)
• 1990  - Fritz Eichenberg, German-American illustrator and arts educator (b. 1901)
• 1992  - Peter Blume, American painter and sculptor (b. 1906)
• 1993  - David Houston, American singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
• 1994  - Guy Debord, French theorist and author (b. 1931)
• 1994  - Lionel Stander, American actor (b. 1908)
• 1995  - Til Kiwe, German actor and screenwriter (b. 1910)^[74]
• 1996  - Tiny Tim, American singer and ukulele player (b. 1932)
• 1997  - Kathy Acker, American author, poet, and playwright (b. 1947)
• 1998  - Janet Lewis, American novelist and poet (b. 1899)^[75]
• 1998  - Margaret Walker, American author and poet (b. 1915)
• 2000  - Eloise Jarvis McGraw, American author (b. 1915)
• 2000  - Scott Smith, Canadian bass player (b. 1955)
• 2003  - Gertrude Ederle, American swimmer (b. 1905)^[76]
• 2004  - Pierre Berton, Canadian journalist and author (b. 1920)
• 2004  - Seungsahn, South Korean spiritual leader, founded the Kwan Um School of Zen (b. 1927)
• 2005  - Jean Parker, American actress (b. 1915)
• 2006  - Elhadi Adam, Sudanese poet and songwriter (b. 1927)
• 2006  - Rafael Buenaventura, Filipino banker (b. 1938)
• 2006  - Shirley Walker, American composer and conductor (b. 1945)
• 2007  - Engin Arık, Turkish physicist and academic (b. 1948)
• 2007  - Evel Knievel, American motorcycle rider and stuntman (b. 1938)
• 2008  - Munetaka Higuchi, Japanese drummer and producer (b. 1958)
• 2010  - Rajiv Dixit, Indian author and activist (b. 1967)
• 2010  - Garry Gross, American photographer (b. 1937)
• 2012  - Rogelio Álvarez, Cuban-American baseball player (b. 1938)
• 2012  - I. K. Gujral, Indian lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of India (b. 1919)
• 2012  - Munir Malik, Pakistani cricketer (b. 1931)
• 2012  - Susil Moonesinghe, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 4th Chief Minister of Western Province (b. 1930)
• 2012  - Merv Pregulman, American football player and businessman (b. 1922)^[77]
• 2012  - Homer R. Warner, American cardiologist and academic (b. 1922)
• 2012  - Mitchell Cole, English footballer (b. 1985)
• 2013  - Paul Crouch, American broadcaster, co-founded Trinity Broadcasting Network (b. 1934)
• 2013  - Jean Kent, English actress (b. 1921)^[78]
• 2013  - Tabu Ley Rochereau, Congolese-Belgian singer-songwriter (b. 1937)
• 2013  - Doriano Romboni, Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1968)
• 2013  - Paul Walker, American actor (b. 1973)^[79]
• 2014  - Qayyum Chowdhury, Bangladeshi painter and academic (b. 1932)
• 2014  - Jarbom Gamlin, Indian lawyer and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (b. 1961)
• 2014  - Martin Litton, American rafter and environmentalist (b. 1917)
• 2014  - Anthony Dryden Marshall, American CIA officer and diplomat (b. 1924)
• 2014  - Go Seigen, Chinese-Japanese Go player (b. 1914)
• 2014  - Kent Haruf, American novelist (b. 1943)
• 2015  - Pío Caro Baroja, Spanish director and screenwriter (b. 1928)
• 2015  - Minas Hatzisavvas, Greek actor and screenwriter (b. 1948)
• 2015  - Marcus Klingberg, Polish-Israeli physician and biologist (b. 1918)
• 2015  - Fatema Mernissi, Moroccan sociologist and author (b. 1940)
• 2015  - Shigeru Mizuki, Japanese author and illustrator (b. 1922)
• 2015  - Eldar Ryazanov, Russian director and screenwriter (b. 1927)
• 2015  - Nigel Buxton, British travel writer and wine critic (b. 1924)
• 2017  - Jim Nabors, American actor and comedian (b. 1930)
• 2017  - Surin Pitsuwan, Thai politician and diplomat (b. 1949)
• 2017  - Marina Popovich, Soviet pilot, engineer and military officer (b. 1931)^[80]
• 2017  - Alfie Curtis, British actor (b. 1930)
• 2018  - George H. W. Bush, American politician, 41st President of the United States (b. 1924)^[81]
• 2020  - Irina Antonova, Russian art historian (b. 1922)^[82]
• 2022  - Jiang Zemin, Chinese politician, former General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (paramount leader) and President of China (b. 1926)^[83]
• 2022  - Christine McVie, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player (b. 1943)^[84]
• 2023  - Alistair Darling, British Politician and Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1953)^[85]
• 2023  - Shane MacGowan, Irish singer-songwriter and frontman of The Pogues (b. 1957)^[86]

Holidays and observances

• Bonifacio Day (Philippines)
• Christian feast day:
  • Andrew and its related observances.^[87]
  • Joseph Marchand (one of Vietnamese Martyrs)
  • November 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Commemoration Day (United Arab Emirates)
• Day to Mark the Departure and Expulsion of Jews from the Arab Countries and Iran (Israel)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Barbados from the United Kingdom in 1966
• National Day (Benin)
• Regina Mundi Day (South Africa)
• Saint Andrew's Day (Scotland)
• Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare (United Nations)^[88]

External links

• Web site: On This Day . BBC.
  • Web site: Historical Events on November 30 . OnThisDay.com.

Notes and References

1. Book: Bachrach. Bernard S.. Bachrach. David S.. Leese. Michael. Deeds of the Bishops of Cambrai: Translation and Commentary. New York. Routledge. 2017. 9781315615370. 132, 204 fn.606.
2. Book: Higginbotham, Jay. Old Mobile: Fort Louis de la Louisiane, 1702–1711. 1977 . Mobile, Ala.. Museum of the City of Mobile. [phone]. 312.
3. Book: Tucker, Spencer C.. Wars That Changed History: 50 of the World's Greatest Conflicts. Santa Barbara, Calif.. ABC-CLIO. 2015. 9781610697859. 193.
4. Book: Jedson, Lee. The Treaty of Paris, 1783: A Primary Source Examination of the Treaty That Recognized American Independence. New York. Rosen Central Primary Source. 2006. 9781404204416. 4.
5. Book: Bessler, John. The Death Penalty's Denial of Fundamental Human Rights: International Law, State Practice, and the Emerging Abolitionist Norm. Cambridge, U.K.. Cambridge University Press. 2022. 9781108845571. 52.
6. Book: Esparza, José. Viral Epidemics in Latin America From the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries and the Early Days of Virology in the Region. Human Virology in Latin America: From Biology to Control. Ludert. Juan Ernesto. Pujol. Flor H.. Arbiza. Juan. Cham, Switzerland. Springer. 2017. 9783319545660. 7.
7. Book: Beers, Henry Putney. French and Spanish Records of Louisiana: A Bibliographical Guide to Archive and Manuscript Sources. Baton Rouge, La.. Louisiana State University Press. 1989. 9780807114445. 22.
8. Book: Tucker, Spencer C.. Battles That Changed History: An Encyclopedia of World Conflict. Santa Barbara, Calif.. ABC-CLIO. 2011. 9781598844290. 323.
9. Book: Tucker. Spencer C.. American Civil War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection. Volume I: A—C. Santa Barbara, Calif.. ABC-CLIO. 2013. 9781851096770. 2281.
10. News: 140 years since the first Scotland-England game . BBC Sport . 30 November 2021.
11. Book: Musgrave . Michael . Musgrave . Reader in Music Michael . The Musical Life of the Crystal Palace . 13 April 1995 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-37562-7 . 3 . en.
12. The American Journal of International Law. 35. 3. China-Japan: Treaty Concerning Basic Relations. 1941 . 125–128 . 2021-06-24. Cambridge University. 10.2307/2213492 . 2213492. 246007132 .
13. Web site: The Holocaust and World War II: Key Dates. 2022-01-17. encyclopedia.ushmm.org. en.
14. Web site: Ranter . Harro . ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-7B N815D New York-Idlewild International Airport, NY (IDL) . 2022-11-30 . aviation-safety.net.
15. Book: Thompson . James G. . Complete Guide to United States Marine Corps Medals, Badges, and Insignia: World War II to Present . 2003 . Medals of America Press . 978-1-884452-42-0 . 91 . en.
16. Web site: Warnock. Lynda. STS-97. 2021-06-24. www.nasa.gov. NASA.
17. Web site: Runway excursion Accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-82 (MD-82) PK-LMN, . 2024-05-29 . aviation-safety.net.
18. Web site: Lion Air PK-LMN . 29 May 2024.
19. Web site: Barbados cuts ties with the queen, becomes a republic in spectacular ceremony . NBC News . 30 November 2021 . en.
20. News: Michigan High School Shooting: 3 Students Killed and Several Critically Injured . The New York Times . 30 November 2021 . Atkinson . Scott . Smith . Mitch . Boudette . Neal E. .
21. ChatGPT's Birthday Special: Celebrating 1 Year of Changing the World . Keary . Tim . Technopedia . 30 November 2023.
22. Book: Ian N. Wood. Gregory of Tours. 1994. Headstart History. 978-1-873041-71-0. 4.
23. Book: Charles Knight. Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia". 1866. Bradbury, Evans & Company. 675.
24. Book: The New Encyclopaedia Britannica: Macropaedia (19 v.). registration. 1983. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 978-0-85229-400-0. 979.
25. Book: Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. 1991. Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy. 291. 9780160020551.
26. Savile, Sir Henry (1549–1622), mathematician and classical scholar . 2004 . 30 November 2020 . en . 10.1093/ref:odnb/24737.
27. Web site: Christian VI Scandinavian king . Encyclopedia Britannica . 30 November 2020 . en.
28. Web site: Mark Twain Biography & Facts . Encyclopedia Britannica . 30 November 2020 . en.
29. Book: Ogilvie . Marilyn Bailey . Harvey . Joy Dorothy . Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie . Joy Harvey . The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: L-Z . 2000 . Taylor & Francis . 978-0-415-92040-7 . 1102 . en.
30. Web site: Moose Grimshaw . Society for American Baseball Research . 20 March 2021.
31. Book: S. T. Joshi. John Dickson Carr: A Critical Study. 1990. Popular Press. 978-0-87972-477-1. 1.
32. Web site: Famous birthdays for Nov. 30: Mandy Patinkin, Bo Jackson . . 29 November 2023 . 30 November 2022.
33. Book: Paul Michael. James Robert Parish. Prentice-Hall, inc. The American movies reference book: the sound era. registration. 1969. Prentice-Hall. 170. 9780130281340.
34. Web site: Joe B. Hall, legendary Kentucky basketball coach and architect of 1978 championship team, dies at 93 . 2022-11-30 . CBSSports.com . 15 January 2022 . en.
35. Web site: Vivian Lynn . collections.tepapa.govt.nz . 7 August 2020.
36. Book: Allen, Woody. 2020. Arcade Publishing. Apropos of Nothing. 11. 9781951627379.
37. Web site: Laing . Dave . Frank Ifield obituary . The Guardian . 27 May 2024 . 20 May 2024.
38. Web site: Rose . Mike . Today's famous birthdays list for November 30, 2022 includes celebrities Kaley Cuoco, Billy Idol . . . 29 November 2023 . 30 November 2022.
39. Book: John Wakeman. World Film Directors. 1988. H.W. Wilson. 978-0-8242-0763-2. 310.
40. News: Kevin Phillips, 82, Dies; Political Analyst Predicted G.O.P. Resurgence. Roberts. Sam. The New York Times. October 11, 2023. October 11, 2023.
41. Web site: Alarcón (Norma) papers. oac.cdlib.org. 2020-01-07.
42. Book: Valerie Passmore. Dod's Parliamentary Companion: Guide to the General Election, 2005. 2005. Dod's Parliamentary Companion Limited. 978-0-905702-57-5. 24.
43. News: Veteran singer Vani Jairam no more . 4 February 2023 . 5 February 2023 . The Hindu.
44. Book: David K. Sauer. David K.. Sauer. Janice A. Sauer. David Mamet: A Research and Production Sourcebook. 2003. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-0-313-31836-8. 1.
45. Web site: Jim Chones . . 29 November 2023.
46. Book: Frank, Lisa Tendrich. An Encyclopedia of American Women at War: From the Home Front to the Battlefields [2 volumes]]. 2013. ABC-CLIO. 978-1-59884-444-3. 535.
47. Web site: Evans . Greg . Kevin Conroy Dies: Longtime Voice Of Animated Batman Was 66 . Deadline . 12 November 2022 . 11 November 2022.
48. Web site: Thomas McElwee, Died August 8th, 1981 . www.bobbysandstrust.com.
49. Web site: Diep. Tran. Four-Time Tony Award-Winning Producer Ron Simons Dies at Age 63. Playbill. June 13, 2024.
50. Web site: Philippe Bozon . . 29 November 2023.
51. Web site: Natalie Williams . . 29 November 2023.
52. Book: Hischak, Thomas Tendrich. The Encyclopedia of Film Composers. 2015. 62. Rowman & Littlefield. 9781442245501.
53. Web site: Mark Blount . . 29 November 2023.
54. Web site: ANDRES D. LACSON – Andy'To Na – Cong. Andy David Lacson . 2022-03-10 . en-US.
55. Web site: Shane Victorino . . 29 November 2023.
56. News: Hutton set for Mallorca loan move . BBC Sport . 30 November 2020.
57. Web site: Luis Valbuena . . 29 November 2023.
58. Web site: Evgenia Linetskaya Bio | Bio & Career – WTA Official. Women's Tennis Association.
59. Web site: Daniel Noboa anuncia su candidatura a la presidencia: "Soy un hombre de proyectos que no se rinde" . 31 May 2023 . www.vistazo.com . es-EC.
60. News: Mason . Peter . Phillip Hughes obituary: a very modern batsman destined for greatness . 15 August 2020 . The Guardian . 27 November 2014.
61. Web site: Magnus Carlsen Norwegian chess player . Encyclopedia Britannica . 30 November 2020 . en.
62. Web site: Olympedia – Antoine N'Gossan . www.olympedia.org . 30 November 2020.
63. Web site: Agnatius Paasi . National Rugby League . 30 November 2020 . en.
64. Web site: Sofia Araújo . www.eurosport.com . 30 November 2020.
65. Web site: Marko Dano . . 29 November 2023.
66. Web site: Grant Williams . . 29 November 2023.
67. Web site: Edmund II king of England . Encyclopedia Britannica . 30 November 2020 . en.
68. Book: Lyon . Jonathan R. . Princely Brothers and Sisters: The Sibling Bond in German Politics, 1100–1250 . 15 January 2013 . Cornell University Press . 978-0-8014-6784-4 . 158 . en.
69. Web site: William Gilbert Biography & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 27 May 2024 . en . 20 May 2024.
70. Malpighi, Marcello.
71. Web site: Caroline Neuber German actress and manager . Encyclopedia Britannica . 24 January 2020 . en.
72. Web site: Oscar Wilde . www.bl.uk . 12 November 2022.
73. News: Laura Gilpin American photographer. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2018-06-18. en.
74. http://ww2gravestone.com/people/kiver-formely-eduard-heinrich-kiefer-tilman-kiwe-til/ Personalbogen
75. News: Janet Lewis, 99, Poet of Spirit and Keeper of the Hearth, Dies (obituary). Thomas, Robert McG. Jr. . The New York Times. December 5, 1998. July 11, 2010.
76. Web site: Gertrude Ederle Biography & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 7 March 2022 . en.
77. News: Philanthropist, former Siskin Steel CEO Merv Pregulman dies . 22 December 2021 . . 30 November 2012.
78. Web site: Jean Kent . https://web.archive.org/web/20160510223452/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f4a7a3c . dead . May 10, 2016 . BFI . 29 June 2021 . en.
79. Web site: Paul Walker obituary . The Guardian . 13 May 2021 . en . 1 December 2013.
80. News: Kishkovsky . Sophia . Marina Popovich, Record-Breaking Soviet Test Pilot, Is Dead . 3 February 2023 . The New York Times . 15 December 2017.
81. Web site: George H.W. Bush Biography, Presidency, Accomplishments, & Facts . Encyclopedia Britannica . 30 November 2020 . en.
82. Web site: 2020-12-10. Irina Antonova obituary. 2020-12-13. The Guardian. en.
83. News: Jiang Zemin, former leader who paved the way for China's rise, dies at 96 . CNN . 30 November 2022.
84. Christine McVie, Keyboardist and Singer for Fleetwood Mac, Dead at 79 . Rolling Stone . 30 November 2022.
85. News: former chancellor of the exchequer Alistair Darling dies, age 70. BBC . 30 November 2023.
86. News: Shane MacGowan: Pogues singer dies aged 65. BBC . 30 November 2023.
87. News: St Andrew's Day: Everything you need to know - CBBC Newsround . BBC Newsround . 30 November 2020.
88. Web site: Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare: 30 November . United Nations . 2020-11-27.