September 30 Explained

Events

Pre-1600

• 489  - The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time.
• 737  - The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their baggage train.
• 1139  - A magnitude 7.7 earthquake strikes the Caucasus mountains in the Seljuk Empire, causing mass destruction and killing up to 300,000 people.^[1]
• 1399  - Henry IV is proclaimed king of England.^[2]
• 1520  - Suleiman the Magnificent is proclaimed sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
• 1541  - Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto and his forces enter Tula territory in present-day western Arkansas, encountering fierce resistance.
• 1551  - A coup by the military establishment of Japan's Ōuchi clan forces their lord to commit suicide, and their city is burned.

1601–1900

• 1744  - War of the Austrian Succession: France and Spain defeat Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo, but soon have to withdraw from Sardinia anyway.
• 1791  - The first performance of Mozart's opera The Magic Flute takes place two months before his death.
• 1791  - France's National Constituent Assembly is dissolved, to be replaced the next day by the National Legislative Assembly.
• 1863  - Georges Bizet's opera Les pêcheurs de perles, premiered in Paris.
• 1882  - Thomas Edison's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation.
• 1888  - Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.

1901–present

• 1906  - The Royal Galician Academy, the Galician language's biggest linguistic authority, starts working in La Coruña, Spain.
• 1907  - The McKinley National Memorial, the final resting place of assassinated U.S. President William McKinley and his family, is dedicated in Canton, Ohio.
• 1909  - The Cunard Line's RMS Mauretania makes a record-breaking westbound crossing of the Atlantic, that will not be bettered for 20 years.
• 1915  - World War I: Radoje Ljutovac becomes the first soldier in history to shoot down an enemy aircraft with ground-to-air fire.
• 1918  - Ukrainian War of Independence: Insurgent forces led by Nestor Makhno defeat the Central Powers at the battle of Dibrivka.^[3]
• 1935  - The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
• 1938  - Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, whereby Germany annexes the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
• 1938  - The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
• 1939  - World War II: General Władysław Sikorski becomes prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile.
• 1939  - NBC broadcasts the first televised American football game.
• 1941  - World War II: The Babi Yar massacre comes to an end.
• 1943  - The United States Merchant Marine Academy is dedicated by President Roosevelt.
• 1944  - The Germans commence a counter offensive to retake the Nijmegen salient, this having been captured by the allies during Operation Market Garden.
• 1945  - The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43.
• 1947  - The 1947 World Series begins. It is the first to be televised, to include an African-American player, to exceed $2 million in receipts, to see a pinch-hit home run, and to have six umpires on the field.
• 1947  - Pakistan joins the United Nations.
• 1949  - The Berlin Airlift ends.
• 1954  - The U.S. Navy submarine is commissioned as the world's first nuclear-powered vessel.
• 1965  - Six Indonesian Army generals were assassinated by the September 30 Movement. The PKI was blamed for the latter, resulting in mass killings of suspected leftists.^[4]
• 1966  - Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana.
• 1968  - The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time.
• 1970  - Jordan makes a deal with the PFLP for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
• 1975  - Malév Flight 240 crashes into the Mediterranean Sea while on approach to Beirut International Airport in Beirut, Lebanon, killing 60.^[5]
• 1978  - Finnair Flight 405 is hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras in Oulu, Finland.^[6]
• 1980  - Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
• 1993  - The 6.2 Latur earthquake shakes Maharashtra, India with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.
• 1994 – Space Shuttle Endeavour is launched on STS-68.^[7]
• 1999  - The Tokaimura nuclear accident causes the deaths of two technicians in Japan's second-worst nuclear accident.
• 2000  - Israeli–Palestinian conflict: Twelve-year-old Muhammad al-Durrah is shot and killed on the second day of the Second Intifada.^[8]
• 2005  - Controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in a Danish newspaper.
• 2009  - The 7.6 Sumatra earthquake leaves 1,115 people dead.
• 2016  - Hurricane Matthew becomes a Category 5 hurricane, making it the strongest hurricane to form in the Caribbean Sea since 2007.
• 2016  - Two paintings with a combined value of $100 million are recovered after having been stolen from the Van Gogh Museum in 2002.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1207  - Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273)
• 1227  - Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292)^[9]
• 1530  - Girolamo Mercuriale, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)
• 1550  - Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1631)

1601–1900

• 1622  - Johann Sebastiani, German composer (d. 1683)
• 1689  - Jacques Aubert, French violinist and composer (d. 1753)
• 1700  - Stanisław Konarski, Polish monk, poet, and playwright (d. 1773)
• 1710  - John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, English politician, Lord President of the Council (d. 1771)
• 1714  - Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French epistemologist and philosopher (d. 1780)
• 1732  - Jacques Necker, Swiss-French politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1804)
• 1743  - Christian Ehregott Weinlig, German cantor and composer (d. 1813)
• 1765  - José María Morelos, Mexican priest and general (d. 1815)^[10]
• 1800  - Decimus Burton, English architect, designed the Pharos Lighthouse (d. 1881)
• 1813  - John Rae, Scottish physician and explorer (d. 1893)
• 1814  - Lucinda Hinsdale Stone, American feminist, educator, and philanthropist (d. 1900)^[11]
• 1827  - Ellis H. Roberts, American journalist and politician, 20th Treasurer of the United States (d. 1918)
• 1832  - Ann Jarvis, American activist, co-founded Mother's Day (d. 1905)
• 1836  - Remigio Morales Bermúdez, Peruvian politician, 56th President of Peru (d. 1894)
• 1852  - Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer, conductor, and educator (d. 1924)
• 1861  - William Wrigley, Jr., American businessman, founded Wrigley Company (d. 1932)
• 1863  - Reinhard Scheer, German admiral (d. 1928)
• 1870  - Thomas W. Lamont, American banker and philanthropist (d. 1948)
• 1870  - Jean Baptiste Perrin, French-American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
• 1882  - Hans Geiger, German physicist and academic (d. 1945)
• 1883  - Bernhard Rust, German educator and politician (d. 1945)
• 1883  - Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, American civil engineer, architect, and suffragist (d. 1971)
• 1887  - Lil Dagover, Indonesian-German actress (d. 1980)
• 1893  - Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (d. 1964)
• 1895  - Lewis Milestone, Moldovan-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1980)
• 1897  - Alfred Wintle, Russian-English soldier and politician (d. 1966)
• 1897  - Charlotte Wolff, German-English physician and psychotherapist (d. 1986)
• 1898  - Renée Adorée, French-American actress (d. 1933)
• 1898  - Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois (d. 1977)
• 1898  - Edgar Parin d'Aulaire, German-American author and illustrator (d. 1986)

1901–present

• 1901  - Thelma Terry, American bassist and bandleader (d. 1966)
• 1904  - Waldo Williams, Welsh poet and academic (d. 1971)
• 1905  - Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
• 1905  - Michael Powell, English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1990)
• 1906  - Mireille Hartuch, French singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1996)
• 1908  - David Oistrakh, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator (d. 1974)
• 1910  - Jussi Kekkonen, Finnish captain (d. 1962)
• 1911  - Gustave Gilbert, American psychologist (d. 1977)
• 1912  - Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985)
• 1913  - Bill Walsh, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1975)
• 1915  - Lester Maddox, American businessman and politician, 75th Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
• 1917  - Yuri Lyubimov, Russian actor and director (d. 2014)
• 1917  - Buddy Rich, American drummer, bandleader, and actor (d. 1987)
• 1918  - Lewis Nixon, U.S. Army captain (d. 1995)
• 1918  - René Rémond, French historian and economist (d. 2007)
• 1919  - Roberto Bonomi, Argentinian race car driver (d. 1992)
• 1919  - Elizabeth Gilels, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator (d. 2008)
• 1919  - William L. Guy, American lieutenant and politician, 26th Governor of North Dakota (d. 2013)
• 1919  - Patricia Neway, American soprano and actress (d. 2012)
• 1921  - Deborah Kerr, Scottish-English actress (d. 2007)
• 1921  - Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American cellist and educator (d. 2018)
• 1922  - Lamont Johnson, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2010)
• 1922  - Hrishikesh Mukherjee, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
• 1923  - Donald Swann, Welsh-English pianist and composer (d. 1994)
• 1924  - Truman Capote, American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1984)
• 1925  - Arkady Ostashev, Russian engineer and scientist in the former Soviet space program (d. 1998)
• 1926  - Heino Kruus, Estonian basketball player and coach (d. 2012)
• 1926  - Robin Roberts, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2010)
• 1927  - W. S. Merwin, American poet and translator (d. 2019)
• 1928  - Elie Wiesel, Romanian-American author, academic, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
• 1928  - Ray Willsey, Canadian-American football player and coach (d. 2013)
• 1929  - Carol Fenner, American author and illustrator (d. 2002)
• 1929  - Vassilis Papazachos, Greek seismologist and academic (d. 2022)^[12]
• 1929  - Leticia Ramos-Shahani, Filipino politician, diplomat and writer (d. 2017)
• 1929  - Dorothee Sölle, German theologian and author (d. 2003)
• 1931  - Angie Dickinson, American actress
• 1931  - Teresa Gorman, English educator and politician (d. 2015)
• 1932  - Shintaro Ishihara, Japanese author, playwright, and politician, Governor of Tokyo (d. 2022)
• 1932  - Johnny Podres, American baseball player and coach (d. 2008)
• 1933  - Cissy Houston, American singer (d. 2024)^[13]
• 1934  - Alan A'Court, English footballer and manager (d. 2009)
• 1934  - Udo Jürgens, Austrian-Swiss singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2014)
• 1934  - Anna Kashfi, Indian-American actress (d. 2015)
• 1935  - Johnny Mathis, American singer and actor^[14]
• 1936  - Jim Sasser, American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Ambassador to China (d. 2024)^[15]
• 1936  - Sevgi Soysal, Turkish author (d. 1976)
• 1937  - Jurek Becker, Polish-German author (d. 1997)
• 1937  - Valentyn Sylvestrov, Ukrainian pianist and composer
• 1937  - Gary Hocking, Rhodesian motorcycle racer (d. 1962)
• 1938  - Alan Hacker, English clarinet player and educator (d. 2012)
• 1939  - Len Cariou, Canadian actor
• 1939  - Anthony Green, English painter and academic (d. 2023)
• 1939  - Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1940  - Claudia Card, American philosopher and academic (d. 2015)
• 1940  - Harry Jerome, Canadian sprinter (d. 1982)
• 1940  - Dewey Martin, Canadian-American drummer (d. 2009)
• 1941  - Samuel F. Pickering, Jr., American author and educator
• 1941  - Kamalesh Sharma, Indian academic and diplomat, 5th Commonwealth Secretary General
• 1941  - Reine Wisell, Swedish race car driver (d. 2022)
• 1942  - Gus Dudgeon, English record producer (d. 2002)
• 1942  - Frankie Lymon, American singer-songwriter (d. 1968)
• 1943  - Johann Deisenhofer, German-American biochemist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1943  - Marilyn McCoo, American singer
• 1943  - Philip Moore, English organist and composer
• 1943  - Ian Ogilvy, English-American actor, playwright, and author
• 1944  - Diane Dufresne, Canadian singer and painter
• 1944  - Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer (d. 2006)
• 1944  - Red Robbins, American basketball player (d. 2009)
• 1945  - Richard Edwin Hills, English astronomer and academic (d. 2022)
• 1945  - Ehud Olmert, Israeli lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Israel
• 1946  - Fran Brill, American actress, singer, and puppeteer
• 1946  - Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury, English academic and politician, Leader of the House of Lords
• 1946  - Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter (d. 1993)
• 1946  - Jochen Mass, German race car driver
• 1946  - Paul Sheahan, Australian cricketer and educator
• 1946  - Claude Vorilhon, French journalist, founded Raëlism
• 1947  - Marc Bolan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1977)
• 1947  - Rula Lenska, English actress
• 1948  - Craig Kusick, American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
• 1949  - Michel Tognini, French pilot, engineer, military officer and astronaut^[16]
• 1950  - Laura Esquivel, Mexican author and screenwriter
• 1950  - Victoria Tennant, English actress and dancer
• 1951  - John Lloyd, English screenwriter and producer
• 1951  - Barry Marshall, Australian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1951  - Simon White, English astrophysicist and academic
• 1952  - John Finn, American actor
• 1952  - John Lombardo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1953  - Matt Abts, American drummer
• 1953  - Deborah Allen, American country music singer-songwriter, author, and actress
• 1954  - Basia, Polish singer-songwriter and record producer
• 1954  - John Drew, American basketball player (d. 2022)^[17]
• 1954  - Scott Fields, American guitarist and composer
• 1954  - Patrice Rushen, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1954  - Barry Williams, American actor
• 1955  - Andy Bechtolsheim, German engineer, co-founded Sun Microsystems
• 1955  - Frankie Kennedy, Northern Irish flute player (d. 1994)
• 1956  - Trevor Morgan, English footballer and manager
• 1957  - Fran Drescher, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1958  - Marty Stuart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1959  - Ettore Messina, Italian basketball player and coach
• 1960  - Julia Adamson, Canadian-English keyboard player, composer, and producer
• 1960  - Nicola Griffith, English-American author
• 1960  - Miki Howard, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1960  - Blanche Lincoln, American politician
• 1961  - Crystal Bernard, American actress and singer-songwriter
• 1961  - Gary Coyne, Australian rugby league player
• 1961  - Eric Stoltz, American actor, director, and producer
• 1961  - Mel Stride, English politician
• 1961  - Eric van de Poele, Belgian race car driver
• 1962  - Marley Marl, American record producer and rapper
• 1963  - David Barbe, American bass player and producer
• 1964  - Trey Anastasio, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and composer
• 1964  - Monica Bellucci, Italian actress and fashion model
• 1965  - Omid Djalili, English comedian, actor, and producer
• 1966  - Gary Armstrong, Scottish rugby player
• 1966  - Markus Burger, German pianist, composer, and educator
• 1966  - Angus Taylor, Australian politician^[18]
• 1967  - Emmanuelle Houdart, Swiss-French author and illustrator
• 1967  - Gibby Haynes, American musician, radio personality and painter ^[19]
• 1967  - Andrea Roth, Canadian actress
• 1969  - Gintaras Einikis, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1969  - Amy Landecker, American actress
• 1969  - Silas Weir Mitchell, American actor
• 1969  - Chris von Erich, American wrestler (d. 1991)
• 1970  - Tony Hale, American actor and producer
• 1970  - Damian Mori, Australian footballer and manager
• 1970  - Eric Piatkowski, American basketball player^[20]
• 1971  - Jenna Elfman, American actress and producer
• 1972  - Jamal Anderson, American football player and sportscaster
• 1972  - Ari Behn, Danish-Norwegian author and playwright (d. 2019)
• 1972  - John Campbell, American bass player and songwriter
• 1972  - Mayumi Kojima, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1972  - José Lima, Dominican baseball player (d. 2010)
• 1973  - Rubén Wolkowyski, Argentine basketball player^[21]
• 1974  - Jeremy Giambi, American baseball player (d. 2022)
• 1974  - Tom Greatrex, English politician
• 1974  - Ashley Hamilton, American actor and singer-songwriter
• 1974  - Ben Phillips, English cricketer
• 1974  - Daniel Wu, American–born Hong Kong actor, director, and producer
• 1975  - Jay Asher, American author
• 1975  - Ta-Nehisi Coates, American author and journalist
• 1975  - Marion Cotillard, French actress and singer
• 1975  - Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1975  - Laure Pequegnot, French skier^[22]
• 1975  - Christopher Jackson, American actor, singer, musician, and composer
• 1976  - Georgie Bingham, British radio and television presenter
• 1977  - Roy Carroll, Northern Irish goalkeeper and manager
• 1977  - Nick Curran, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2012)
• 1978  - Małgorzata Glinka-Mogentale, Polish volleyball player
• 1978  - Candice Michelle, American wrestler^[23]
• 1978  - Daniel Grossberg, American politician^[24]
• 1979  - Cameron Bruce, Australian footballer and coach
• 1979  - Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
• 1980  - Martina Hingis, Swiss tennis player
• 1980  - Milagros Sequera, Venezuelan tennis player
• 1980  - Toni Trucks, American actress
• 1981  - Cecelia Ahern, Irish author
• 1981  - Dominique Moceanu, American gymnast
• 1982  - Dmytro Boyko, Ukrainian footballer
• 1982  - Lacey Chabert, American actress
• 1982  - Ryane Clowe, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1982  - Kieran Culkin, American actor^[25]
• 1982  - Andrew Hastie, Australian politician^[26]
• 1982  - Seth Smith, American baseball player^[27]
• 1982  - Yan Stastny, Canadian-American ice hockey player
• 1983  - Boniek Forbes, Guinea-Bissau footballer
• 1983  - Adam Jones, American football player and analyst^[28]
• 1983  - Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
• 1984  - Georgios Eleftheriou, Greek footballer
• 1984  - T-Pain, American rapper, producer, and actor
• 1985  - Adam Cooney, Australian footballer
• 1985  - David Gower, Australian rugby league player
• 1985  - Téa Obreht, Serbian-American author
• 1985  - Cristian Rodríguez, Uruguayan footballer
• 1986  - Olivier Giroud, French footballer
• 1986  - Martin Guptill, New Zealand cricketer
• 1986  - Ki Hong Lee, American actor
• 1986  - Ben Lovett, Welsh musician and songwriter
• 1986  - Cristián Zapata, Colombian footballer
• 1987  - Aida Garifullina, Russian operatic soprano
• 1987  - Kenley Jansen, Curaçaoan baseball player^[29]
• 1988  - Natalie Eggermont, Belgian politician^[30]
• 1988  - Eglė Staišiūnaitė, Lithuanian hurdler
• 1989  - Jasmine Thomas, American basketball player^[31]
• 1989  - André Weis, German footballer
• 1991  - David Bakhtiari, American football player^[32]
• 1991  - Joffrey Lauvergne, French basketball player^[33]
• 1991  - Thomas Röhler, German javelin thrower^[34]
• 1992  - Bria Hartley, French-American basketball player^[35]
• 1992  - Ezra Miller, American actor and singer
• 1994  - Aliya Mustafina, Russian gymnast
• 1994  - Wayne Selden Jr., American basketball player^[36]
• 1996  - Aaron Holiday, American basketball player^[37]
• 1996  - Jacob Host, Australian rugby league player
• 1997  - Yana Kudryavtseva, Russian gymnast
• 1997  - Max Verstappen, Dutch race car driver
• 1998  - Landon Dickerson, American football player^[38]
• 1998  - Yui Imaizumi, Japanese actress, singer, model, and television personality^[39]
• 1998  - Trevi Moran, American YouTuber and singer
• 2002  - Levi Miller, Australian actor and model
• 2002  - Tara Würth, Croatian tennis player^[40]
• 2002  - Maddie Ziegler, American dancer and actress

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 420  - Jerome, Roman priest, theologian, and saint
• 653  - Honorius of Canterbury, Italian archbishop and saint^[41]
• 940  - Fan Yanguang, Chinese general
• 954  - Louis IV of France (b. 920)
• 1101  - Anselm IV, Italian archbishop
• 1246  - Yaroslav II of Vladimir (b. 1191)
• 1288  - Leszek II the Black, Polish prince, Duke of Łęczyca, Sieradz, Kraków, Sandomierz (b. 1241)
• 1376  - Adelaide of Vianden, German countess^{[42] [43]}
• 1440  - Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, Welsh soldier and politician (b. 1362)
• 1487  - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
• 1551  - Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese daimyō (b. 1507)
• 1560  - Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
• 1572  - Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía, Spanish priest and saint, 3rd Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1510)
• 1581  - Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer (b. 1518)

1601–1900

• 1626  - Nurhaci, Chinese emperor (b. 1559)
• 1628  - Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1554)
• 1770  - Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (b. 1695)
• 1770  - George Whitefield, English-American priest and theologian (b. 1714)
• 1865  - Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1800)
• 1866  - Per Gustaf Svinhufvud af Qvalstad, Swedo-Finnish treasurer of Tavastia province, manor host, and paternal grandfather of President P. E. Svinhufvud (b. 1804)^{[44] [45]}
• 1891  - Georges Ernest Boulanger, French general and politician, French Minister of War (b. 1837)
• 1897  - Thérèse of Lisieux, French nun and saint (b. 1873)

1901–present

• 1910  - Maurice Lévy, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1838)
• 1921  - Fanya Baron, Lithuanian Jewish anarchist (b. 1887)^[46]
• 1942  - Hans-Joachim Marseille, German captain and pilot (b. 1919)
• 1943  - Franz Oppenheimer, German-American sociologist and economist (b. 1864)
• 1946  - Takashi Sakai, Japanese general and politician, Governor of Hong Kong (b. 1887)
• 1955  - James Dean, American actor (b. 1931)
• 1959  - Henry Barwell, Australian politician, 28th Premier of South Australia (b. 1877)
• 1961  - Onésime Gagnon, Canadian scholar and politician, 20th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1888)
• 1973  - Peter Pitseolak, Canadian photographer and author (b. 1902)
• 1974  - Carlos Prats, Chilean general and politician, Chilean Minister of Defense (b. 1915)
• 1977  - Mary Ford, American singer and guitarist (b. 1924)
• 1978  - Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
• 1985  - Charles Francis Richter, American seismologist and physicist (b. 1900)
• 1985  - Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
• 1986  - Nicholas Kaldor, Hungarian-British economist (b. 1908)
• 1987  - Alfred Bester, American author and screenwriter (b. 1913)
• 1988  - Al Holbert, American race car driver (b. 1946)
• 1989  - Drew Shafer, American LGBT rights activist from Missouri (b. 1936)^[47]
• 1989  - Virgil Thomson, American composer and critic (b. 1896)
• 1990  - Rob Moroso, American race car driver (b. 1968)
• 1990  - Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and author (b. 1930)
• 1990  - Patrick White, Australian novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)
• 1991  - Toma Zdravković, Serbian singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
• 1994  - André Michel Lwoff, French microbiologist and virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)^[48]
• 1998  - Marius Goring, English actor (b. 1912)
• 1998  - Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player and poet (b. 1953)
• 1998  - Robert Lewis Taylor, American soldier and author (b. 1912)
• 2002  - Göran Kropp, Swedish race car driver and mountaineer (b. 1966)
• 2002  - Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss lawyer and politician, 63rd President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1913)
• 2003  - Yusuf Bey, American activist, founded Your Black Muslim Bakery (b. 1935)
• 2003  - Ronnie Dawson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1939)
• 2003  - Robert Kardashian, American lawyer and businessman (b. 1944)
• 2004  - Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor, director, and politician (b. 1936)
• 2004  - Jacques Levy, American director and songwriter (b. 1935)
• 2004  - Michael Relph, English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
• 2008  - J. B. Jeyaretnam, Singaporean lawyer and politician (b. 1926)
• 2010  - Stephen J. Cannell, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1941)
• 2011  - Anwar al-Awlaki, American-Yemeni terrorist (b. 1971)
• 2011  - Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian-American immunologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1943)
• 2012  - Turhan Bey, Austrian actor and producer (b. 1922)
• 2012  - Barry Commoner, American biologist, academic, and politician (b. 1917)
• 2012  - Bobby Jaggers, American wrestler and engineer (b. 1948)
• 2012  - Clara Stanton Jones, American librarian (b. 1913)
• 2012  - Barbara Ann Scott, Canadian-American figure skater (b. 1928)
• 2012  - Boris Šprem, Croatian lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Croatian Parliament (b. 1956)
• 2013  - Janet Powell, Australian educator and politician (b. 1942)
• 2014  - Martin Lewis Perl, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
• 2015  - Guido Altarelli, Italian-Swiss physicist and academic (b. 1941)
• 2015  - Claude Dauphin, French businessman (b. 1951)
• 2015  - Göran Hägg, Swedish author and critic (b. 1947)
• 2017  - Monty Hall, American game show host (b. 1921)^[49]
• 2017  - Vladimir Voevodsky, Russian-American mathematician (b. 1966)^[50]
• 2018  - Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician (b. 1945)
• 2018  - Geoffrey Hayes, British television presenter and actor (b. 1942)^[51]
• 2018  - Sonia Orbuch, Polish resistance fighter during the Second World War and Holocaust educator. (b. 1925)^[52]
• 2019  - Victoria Braithwaite, British research scientist who proved fish feel pain (b. 1967)^[53]
• 2021  - Koichi Sugiyama, Japanese composer and orchestrator (b. 1931)^[54]
• 2024 – Gavin Creel, American actor, singer and songwriter (b. 1976)^[55]
• 2024  - Dikembe Mutombo, Congolese-American basketball player (b. 1966)^[56]
• 2024 – Humberto Ortega, Nicaraguan military leader (b. 1947)^[57]
• 2024  - Ken Page, American actor and cabaret singer (b. 1954)^[58]
• 2024  - Pete Rose, American baseball player and manager (b. 1941)^[59]

Holidays and observances

• Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day (São Tomé and Príncipe)
• Birth of Morelos (Mexico)
• Blasphemy Day, educates individuals and groups about blasphemy laws and defends freedom of expression^[60]
• Boy's Day (Poland)
• Christian feast day:
  • Gregory the Illuminator
  • Honorius of Canterbury
  • Jerome
  • September 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Independence Day (Botswana) or Botswana Day, celebrates the independence of Botswana from United Kingdom in 1966.
• International Translation Day (International Federation of Translators)^[61]
• National Day for Truth and Reconciliation or Orange Shirt Day (Canada)^{[62] [63]}

External links

• Web site: On This Day . BBC.
  • Web site: Historical Events on September 30 . OnThisDay.com.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Ulomov . V.I. . Medvedeva . N.S. . Специализированный каталог землетрясений для задач общего сейсмического районирования территории Российской Федерации . Specialized catalog of earthquakes for the purpose of general seismic zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation. 2014 . O.Y. Smidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences.
2. Web site: Henry IV Biography, Accomplishments, & Facts . Encyclopedia Britannica . 22 September 2020 . en.
3. Book: Darch . Colin . Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917–1921 . 2020 . en . 978-0-7453-3888-0 . Pluto Press . London . 32.
4. Web site: Shalihah. Nur Fitriatus. Hari Ini dalam Sejarah: Detik-detik Peristiwa G30S/PKI saat RRI Dikuasai. 2022-08-11. www.kompas.com. 30 September 2020 . Kompas.
5. Web site: Ranter. Harro. ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-154A HA-LCI Beirut International Airport (BEY). 2021-09-29. aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network.
6. Book: Puintila . Kaappari Lamminparras: Suomen ensimmäisen konekaappauksen tarina . . 2010 . 978-951-0-35501-5 . fi.
7. Web site: Jones . Tom . STS-68, Endeavour, Space Radar Lab 2, Sep. 30-Oct. 11, 1994 . October 10, 2022 . Tom Jones Astronaut Speaker.
8. News: Who Shot Mohammed al-Dura?. Fallows. James. 2003-06-01. The Atlantic. 2018-10-30. en-US.
9. Book: Kristin M. Casaletto. Pope Nicholas IV: Franciscan Infuluence on Late Thirteenth-Century Art. 1992. Michigan State University. Department of Art.
10. Web site: Cultura Colectivo. A 253 años de su natalicio, ¿quién fue Morelos?. Liss Andrade. September 25, 2018. July 17, 2019. es. 253 years after his birth, who was Morelos? .
11. Book: Michigan State Historical Society. Michigan Historical Collections. Public domain. 14. 1908. Michigan State Historical Society. 336–.
12. Web site: Newsroom . 2022-11-10 . Seismologist Vassilis Papazachos dead at 92 eKathimerini.com . 2023-09-30 . www.ekathimerini.com . English.
13. Web site: 2024-10-07 . Cissy Houston, a Grammy-winning gospel singer and Whitney Houston's mother, dies at 91 . 2024-10-09 . AP News . en.
14. Web site: Rose . Mike . Today's famous birthdays list for September 30, 2022 includes celebrities Monica Bellucci, Trey Anastasio . . . 28 September 2023 . 30 September 2022.
15. Web site: 2024-09-11 . Tennessee senator and ambassador to China Jim Sasser has died . 2024-09-22 . AP News . en.
16. Book: Burgess . Colin . Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program . 2016 . Springer Praxis Books . Cham . 9783319241630 . 270.
17. Web site: John Drew . . 28 September 2023.
18. Web site: ParlInfo - Biography for TAYLOR, the Hon. Angus James. 2020-07-07. parlinfo.aph.gov.au.
19. https://web.archive.org/web/20120906041906/http://www.familytreelegends.com/records/20902?c=search&first=Gibson&last=Haynes
20. Web site: Eric Piatkowski . . 28 September 2023.
21. Web site: Ruben Wolkowyski . . 28 September 2023.
22. Web site: Laure Pequegnot Bio, Stats, and Results. https://web.archive.org/web/20200417194101/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/pe/laure-pequegnot-1.html. dead. 2020-04-17. Olympics at Sports-Reference.com.
23. Web site: Mac . Eddie . This Day in Wrestling History (Sept. 30): Puro Legends Debut . . 28 September 2023 . 30 September 2016.
24. Web site: Legislator-Profile - Legislative Research Commission . 2023-11-26 . legislature.ky.gov.
25. Web site: Famous birthdays for Sept. 30: Maddie Ziegler, Lacey Chabert . . 28 September 2023 . 30 September 2022.
26. News: More than just that army guy . . 5 December 2015.
27. Web site: Seth Smith . . 28 September 2023.
28. Web site: Adam Jones . . 28 September 2023.
29. Web site: Kenley Jansen . . 28 September 2023.
30. Web site: De Kamerleden: Natalie Eggermont . . 2 September 2024 . Brussels, Belgium . nl.
31. Web site: Jasmine Thomas . . 28 September 2023.
32. Web site: David Bakhtiari . . 28 September 2023.
33. Web site: Joffrey Lauvergne . . 28 September 2023.
34. Web site: Thomas Röhler. World Athletics. 7 February 2020.
35. Web site: Bria Hartley . . 28 September 2023.
36. Web site: Wayne Selden . . 28 September 2023.
37. Web site: Aaron Holiday . . 28 September 2023.
38. Web site: Landon Dickerson . . 28 September 2023.
39. Web site: Profile . Yui Imaizumi Official Site . 11 December 2020 . ja.
40. Web site: Tara Wurth Player Stats & More – WTA Official . 2022-10-21 . Women's Tennis Association . en.
41. Book: Bellenger . Dominic Aidan . Fletcher . Stella . The Mitre and the Crown: A History of the Archbishops of Canterbury . 17 February 2005 . History Press . 978-0-7524-9495-1 . 149 . en.
42. Book: Dek, A.W.E. . 1970 . Genealogie van het Vorstenhuis Nassau . nl . Zaltbommel . Europese Bibliotheek . 66 .
43. De Roo van Alderwerelt . J.K.H. . 1960 . De graven van Vianden. Bijdrage tot een genealogie van het geslacht der graven van Vianden tot de vererving van het graafschap in het Nassause huis . nl . De Nederlandsche Leeuw, Maandblad van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Genootschap voor Geslacht- en Wapenkunde . 1960 . 6 . 196 .
44. http://www.kolumbus.fi/hmhalonen/Taulut/wc02/wc02_440.htm Taulut: Peter Gustaf Svinhufvud af Qvalstad & Ulrica Charlotta von Kraemer
45. Web site: PEHR EVIND SVINHUFVUD (1861—1944), 1ST REGENT OF FINLAND (1918), 3RD PRESIDENT OF FINLAND (1931—1937). 26 November 2016.
46. Book: Avrich, Paul. Paul Avrich. 1971. 1967. The Downfall of Russian Anarchism. The Russian Anarchists. Princeton. Princeton University Press. 232–233. 0-691-00766-7. 66-25418. 14508600.
47. Web site: Scharlau . Kevin . Drew Robert Shafer – Profiles in Kansas City Activism . 2023-07-18 . en-US.
48. Web site: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 . NobelPrize.org . 2 January 2022.
49. Web site: Hevesi . Dennis . Monty Hall, Co-Creator and Host of 'Let's Make a Deal,' Dies at 96 . The New York Times . 28 September 2022 . 30 September 2017.
50. Web site: Vladimir Voevodsky - Biography . 2022-07-26 . Maths History . en.
51. News: Geoffrey Hayes obituary. Hayward. Anthony. 1 October 2018. The Guardian. en. 1 October 2018.
52. News: Sonia Orbuch, Bay Area woman who fought Nazis as a girl, dies at 93 - SFChronicle.com. 2018-10-09. San Francisco Chronicle. en-US. 2019-01-10 . Nolte . By Carl .
53. News: Victoria Braithwaite obituary. Healy. Susan. 24 October 2019. The Guardian. 31 October 2019. en-GB. 0261-3077.
54. Web site: Koichi Sugiyama, Japanese composer of Dragon Quest, dies at 90 . . . October 9, 2021. October 7, 2021.
55. Web site: Rosenbloom . Alli . 2024-09-30 . Gavin Creel, Broadway star known for 'Hello, Dolly!' and 'Waitress,' dead at 48 . 2024-10-01 . CNN . en.
56. Web site: 2024-09-30 . 'Larger than life' Mutombo, 58, dies of brain cancer . 2024-09-30 . ESPN.com . en.
57. Web site: Prensa . La . 2024-09-30 . Muere Humberto Ortega, hermano menor del dictador de Nicaragua . 2024-10-02 . La Prensa . es.
58. Web site: Barnes . Mike . 2024-10-01 . Ken Page, Oogie Boogie in 'The Nightmare Before Christmas,' Dies at 70 . 2024-10-01 . The Hollywood Reporter . en-US.
59. News: Pete Rose, MLB all-time hits leader, dies at 83 . 30 September 2024 . Cincinnati.com . 30 September 2024.
60. Web site: Goddard . Debbie . CFI's Campaign for Free Expression and International Blasphemy Rights Day: An Origin Story . secularhumanism.org . 10 September 2015 . Free Inquiry . 28 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220707080822/https://secularhumanism.org/2015/09/cont-cfis-campaign-for-free-expression-and-international-blasphemy-rights-d/ . July 7, 2022.
61. Web site: International Days . www.un.org . 2 January 2021 . en . 6 January 2015.
62. Web site: What is Orange Shirt Day? . cbc.ca . 22 February 2020.
63. Web site: Bryden . Joan . Royal assent given to bill creating national day for truth and reconciliation . Winnipeg Free Press . Bob Cox . June 4, 2021 . June 3, 2021.