2S9 Nona Explained

2S9 Nona
Origin:Soviet Union
Type:Air-droppable self-propelled mortar
Is Artillery:yes
Is Vehicle:yes
Service:1981–present
Used By:see Operators
Wars:Soviet-Afghan War
Russo-Georgian War
Syrian Civil War
Russo-Ukrainian War
Designer:TSNIITOCHMASH
Design Date:1974–1980
Manufacturer:Motovilikha Plants
Production Date:1979–1989
Weight:8.7t
Length:6.02m (19.75feet)
Part Length:1.8mor2.88mm (05.9feetor09.45feetm)[1]
Width:2.63m (08.63feet)
Height:2.3m (07.5feet)
Crew:4
Caliber:120 mm
Rate:10 rpm, max;
4 rpm, sustained
Range:8.8km (05.5miles) (conventional);
12.8km (08miles) (extended)
Elevation:-4 to +80 degrees
Traverse:70 degrees
Armour:15mm max
Primary Armament:120 mm 2A60 mortar
Engine:5D20 Diesel
Engine Power:180kW
Pw Ratio:20.2kW per tonne
Payload Capacity:40-60 rounds
Suspension:torsion
Clearance:450mm
Fuel Capacity:400L
Vehicle Range:500km (300miles)
Speed:60km/h (road);
9km/h (water)

The 2S9 NONA (Russian: '''Н'''овейшее '''О'''рудие '''Н'''аземной '''А'''ртилерии|lit=Newest Ordnance of Ground Artillery) is a self-propelled and air-droppable 120 mm mortar designed in the Soviet Union, which entered service in 1981. The 2S9 chassis is designated the S-120 and based on the aluminium hull of the BTR-D airborne multi-purpose tracked armoured personnel carrier. More generally, the 120 mm mortar is referred to as the Nona, with the 2S9 also known as the Nona-S. Although no figures have been released, it is estimated that over 1,000 2S9 were built.[2]

Description

The 2S9 Nona-S is an amphibious vehicle that can be propelled through the water by two rear water-jets. It is operated by a four-man crew comprising a commander, a driver/mechanic, a gunner, and a loader. The hull interior is separated into a command compartment, a fighting compartment and an engine compartment. A welded steel turret is located at the middle of the hull. The two-man turret has hatches for the gunner and loader respectively.

The 2S9 utilizes a 120 mm 2A51 mortar with a 1.8m (05.9feet) barrel. The weapon is actually a hybrid of a mortar and howitzer, being an unconventional design that lacks a direct NATO counterpart. It is a rifled, breech-loaded weapon capable of firing HE (high explosive), white phosphorus and smoke rounds, as well as laser-guided munitions like KM-8 Gran. It can engage in indirect and direct fire, as well as targeting armoured vehicles; its armour-piercing rounds can penetrate the equivalent of 600mm650mm of steel plate at up to 1km (01miles).[3] [4] [5] [6]

Operational history

They have been deployed by Russia during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. In July 2022, video on social media purportedly shows Ukrainian forces using M777 to destroy a towed 2B16 Nona-K in Hoptivka on the border with Russia.[7] In August 2022, Ukraine's armed forces claimed to use four captured Russian 2S9 against Russian forces.[8] In November 2022, a 2S23-SVK Nona was photographed in Ukrainian service. It was reportedly captured from Russian forces and took months to refit.[9]

On 26 March 2024, Ukrainian forces destroyed a Russia 2S9 Nona 120 mm mortar with a GLSDB and left another “burning” in Zaporizhzhia.[10] In June 2024 Ukraine used a drone to destroy a 2S9 Nona that had been equipped with turtle tank style add on armour.[11]

Variants

Variants of the 120 mm Nona mortar:

Operators

Current operators

446 (excluding 500 2S9 in store in an unknown condition): 280 2S9 Nona-S, 42 2S23 Nona-SVK and 124 2B16 Nona-K

2 2B16 and 40 2S9. 2S9 and 2B16 versions have been used by both sides during Russo-Ukrainian War[19]

Former operators

External links

References

Notes and References

  1. Arg. (n.d.). 2S9 Nona-S. Military. Retrieved November 13, 2022, from http://www.military-today.com/artillery/2s9_nona_s.htm
  2. Jane's Armour and Artillery 1997-98
  3. Web site: The Russian BMD-1 Infantry Fighting Vehicle - TankNutDave.com . https://web.archive.org/web/20181009172209/http://tanknutdave.com/the-russian-bmd-1-ifv-family/ . 9 October 2018 . live .
  4. Web site: Self Propelled Artillery and Mortars . Marat Kenzhetaev . 1998 . www.armscontrol.ru . MIPT Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environmental Studies . 2010-05-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100110045031/http://www.armscontrol.ru/atmtc/Arms_systems/Land/Artillery/Self_Propelled/Self_Prop_Art_Mortars.htm#2s9 . 10 January 2010 . dead . dmy-all .
  5. 2B16 NONA-K, Army Guide, retrieved 16/02/2021
  6. http://www.military-today.com/artillery/2s9_nona_s.htm 2S9 Nona
  7. News: WATCH: Ukraine destroy Russian Nona-K guns with M777 Howitzer . . Joshua . Manning . 12 July 2022 . 19 November 2022.
  8. News: Ukraine's Fighters Apply Trophy 2S9 Nona Self-Propelled Artillery Gun to Destroy russia's Armor (Video) . defence-ua.com . 2022-08-01 . 2022-11-19.
  9. News: Ukrainian troops fire on Russians with captured weapons near key city . . Joseph . Campbell . 2022-11-04 . 2022-11-19.
  10. Web site: 27 March 2024 . Ukraine forces use GLSDB precision guided bomb to destroy Russian 2S Nona-S mortar carriers . Army Recognition . 7 April 2024.
  11. News: Altman . Howard . 22 June 2024 . Ukraine Situation Report: Russia Now Launching Kalibr Cruise Missiles From The Sea Of Azov . The War zone . 1 July 2024.
  12. Web site: 2S23 Nona-SVK 120mm Self-Propelled Gun System. 7 May 2023.
  13. Web site: 2S31 Vena 120mm Self-Propelled Gun. 7 May 2023.
  14. Web site: Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine.
  15. Web site: Ukrainian Version of the Nona Self-Propelled Mortar On the BMP Chassis Went Into Series (Video).
  16. The Military Balance, 2022, p.186
  17. Web site: Syria Rearms . 2017-06-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170620060823/http://spioenkop.blogspot.kr/2017/06/syria-rearms-russian-deliveries-of-bmp.html . 20 June 2017 . live .
  18. The Military Balance, 2022, p.210
  19. Book: Raising Red Flags: An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine, 2014. Jonathan. Ferguson. N.R.. Jenzen-Jones. 978-0-9924624-3-7. November 2014. Armament Research Services. Research Report 3. 50, 70. 17 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20180925025308/http://armamentresearch.com/ares-research-report-no-3-raising-red-flags-an-examination-of-arms-munitions-in-the-ongoing-conflict-in-ukraine-2014/. 25 September 2018. live.
  20. Web site: Trade Registers . Armstrade.sipri.org . 2017-03-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php . 14 April 2010 . live .
  21. Book: Jones . Jeffrey . U.S. Marine Corps School Of Infantry SOI Complete Training Materials . 19 October 2017 . Jeffrey Frank Jones . LIV . 17 November 2023 . en.

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