March 28 Explained
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
- 1910 - Henri Fabre becomes the first person to fly a seaplane, the Fabre Hydravion, after taking off from water runway Étang le Barre, near Marseille.[16]
- 1918 - General John J. Pershing, during World War I, cancels 42nd 'Rainbow' Division's orders to Rolampont for further training and diverted it to the occupy the Baccarat sector.[17] Rainbow Division becomes "the first American division to take over an entire sector on its own, which it held longer than any other American division-occupied sector alone for a period of three months".[18]
- 1918 - Finnish Civil War: On the so-called "Bloody Maundy Thursday of Tampere", the Whites force the Reds to attack the city center, where the city's fiercest battles being fought in Kalevankangas with large casualties on both sides. During the same day, an explosion at the Red headquarters of Tampere kills several commanders.[19] [20]
- 1920 - Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1920 affects the Great Lakes region and Deep South states.[21]
- 1933 - The Imperial Airways biplane City of Liverpool is believed to be the first airliner lost to sabotage when a passenger sets a fire on board.[22]
- 1939 - Spanish Civil War: Generalissimo Francisco Franco conquers Madrid after a three-year siege.[23]
- 1941 - World War II: First day of the Battle of Cape Matapan in Greece between the navies of the United Kingdom and Australia, and the Royal Italian navy.[24]
- 1942 - World War II: A British combined force permanently disables the Louis Joubert Lock in Saint-Nazaire in order to keep the German battleship Tirpitz away from the mid-ocean convoy lanes.[25]
- 1946 - Cold War: The United States Department of State releases the Acheson–Lilienthal Report, outlining a plan for the international control of nuclear power.[26]
- 1959 - The State Council of the People's Republic of China dissolves the government of Tibet.[27]
- 1961 - ČSA Flight 511 crashes in Igensdorf, Germany, killing 52.[28]
- 1965 - An 7.4 earthquake in Chile sets off a series of tailings dam failures, burying the town of El Cobre and killing at least 500 people.[29]
- 1968 - Brazilian high school student Edson Luís de Lima Souto is killed by military police at a student protest.[30]
- 1969 - Greek poet and Nobel Prize laureate Giorgos Seferis makes a famous statement on the BBC World Service opposing the junta in Greece.[31]
- 1970 - An earthquake strikes western Turkey at about 23:05 local time, killing 1,086 and injuring at least 1,200.[32]
- 1978 - The US Supreme Court hands down 5–3 decision in Stump v. Sparkman, a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.[33]
- 1979 - A coolant leak at the Three Mile Island's Unit 2 nuclear reactor outside Harrisburg, Pennsylvania leads to the core overheating and a partial meltdown.
- 1979 - The British House of Commons passes a vote of no confidence against James Callaghan's government by one vote, precipitating a general election.[34]
- 1990 - United States President George H. W. Bush posthumously awards Jesse Owens the Congressional Gold Medal.[35]
- 1994 - In South Africa, African National Congress security guards kill dozens of Inkatha Freedom Party protesters.[36]
- 1999 - Kosovo War: Serb paramilitary and military forces kill at least 130 Kosovo Albanians in Izbica.[37]
- 2001 - Athens International Airport Eleftherios Venizelos begins operation.[38]
- 2003 - In a friendly fire incident, two American A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft attack British tanks participating in the 2003 invasion of Iraq, killing one soldier.[39]
- 2005 - An earthquake shakes northern Sumatra with a magnitude of 8.6 and killing over 1000 people.[40]
- 2006 - At least one million union members, students and unemployed take to the streets in France in protest at the government's proposed First Employment Contract law.[41]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
- 1613 - Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang of China (d. 1688)[45]
- 1638 - Frederik Ruysch, Dutch botanist and anatomist (d. 1731)[46]
- 1652 - Samuel Sewall, English judge (d. 1730)[47]
- 1725 - Andrew Kippis, English minister and author (d. 1795)[48]
- 1727 - Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria, (d. 1777)[49]
- 1750 - Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan general and politician (d. 1816)[50]
- 1760 - Thomas Clarkson, English activist (d. 1846)[51]
- 1793 - Henry Schoolcraft, American geographer, geologist, and ethnologist (d. 1864)[52]
- 1795 - Georg Heinrich Pertz, German historian and author (d. 1876)[53]
- 1806 - Thomas Hare, English lawyer and political scientist (d. 1891)[54]
- 1811 - John Neumann, Czech-American bishop and saint (d. 1860)
- 1815 - Arsène Houssaye, French author and poet (d. 1896)[55]
- 1818 - Wade Hampton III, American general and politician, 77th Governor of South Carolina (d. 1902)[56]
- 1819 - Joseph Bazalgette, English architect and engineer (d. 1891)[57]
- 1832 - Henry D. Washburn, American politician and general (d. 1871)[58]
- 1836 - Emmanuel Benner, French artist (d. 1896)[59]
- 1836 - Jean Benner, French artist (d. 1906)[60]
- 1836 - Frederick Pabst, German-American brewer, founded the Pabst Brewing Company (d. 1904)[61]
- 1840 - Emin Pasha, German-Jewish Egyptian physician and politician (d. 1892)[62]
- 1847 - Gyula Farkas, Hungarian mathematician and physicist (d. 1930)[63]
- 1849 - James Darmesteter, French historian and author (d. 1894)[64]
- 1850 - Kyrle Bellew, English theatre actor (d. 1911)[65]
- 1851 - Bernardino Machado, Portuguese academic and politician, 3rd President of Portugal (d. 1944)[66]
- 1862 - Aristide Briand, French politician, Prime Minister of France, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1932)[67]
- 1868 - Maxim Gorky, Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1936)[68]
- 1873 - John Geiger, American rower (d. 1956)[69]
- 1879 - Terence MacSwiney, Irish republican politician and hunger striker; Lord Mayor of Cork (d. 1920)[70]
- 1881 - Martin Sheridan, Irish-American discus thrower and jumper (d. 1918)[71]
- 1884 - Angelos Sikelianos, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1951)[72]
- 1887 - Beulah Dark Cloud, American actress (d. 1945)[73]
- 1890 - Paul Whiteman, American violinist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1967)[74]
- 1892 - Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)[75]
- 1892 - Tom Maguire, Irish republican General (d. 1993)[76]
- 1893 - Spyros Skouras, Greek-American businessman (d. 1971)[77]
- 1894 - Ernst Lindemann, German captain (d. 1941)[78]
- 1895 - Christian Herter, American politician, United States Secretary of State (d. 1966)
- 1895 - Donald Grey Barnhouse, American pastor and theologian (d. 1960)[79]
- 1895 - Spencer W. Kimball, American religious leader, 12th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1985)[80]
- 1897 - Sepp Herberger, German footballer and manager (d. 1977)[81]
- 1899 - Gussie Busch, American businessman (d. 1989)[82]
- 1899 - Buck Shaw, American football player and coach (d. 1977)[83]
- 1900 - Edward Wagenknecht, American critic and educator (d. 2004)[84]
1901–present
- 1902 - Flora Robson, English actress (d. 1984)[85]
- 1903 - Rudolf Serkin, Czech-American pianist and educator (d. 1991)[86]
- 1904 - Margaret Tucker, Australian author and activist (d. 1996)[87]
- 1905 - Pandro S. Berman, American production manager and producer (d. 1996)[88]
- 1905 - Marlin Perkins, American zoologist and television host (d. 1986)[89]
- 1906 - Murray Adaskin, Canadian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2002)[90]
- 1906 - Robert Allen, American actor (d. 1998)[91]
- 1906 - Dorothy Knowles, South African-English author, fencer and academic (d. 2010)[92]
- 1907 - Irving Paul Lazar, American lawyer and talent agent (d. 1993)[93]
- 1909 - Nelson Algren, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1981)[94]
- 1910 - Jimmie Dodd, American actor and singer-songwriter (d. 1964)[95]
- 1910 - Ingrid of Sweden, Queen of Denmark (d. 2000)[96]
- 1911 - Consalvo Sanesi, Italian race car driver (d. 1998)[97]
- 1912 - A. Bertram Chandler, English-Australian author (d. 1984)[98]
- 1912 - Marina Raskova, Russian pilot and navigator (d. 1943)[99]
- 1913 - Toko Shinoda, Japanese artist (d. 2021)[100]
- 1914 - Edward Anhalt, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2000)[101]
- 1914 - Bohumil Hrabal, Czech author (d. 1997)[102]
- 1914 - Edmund Muskie, American politician, 58th United States Secretary of State (d. 1996)[103]
- 1914 - Everett Ruess, American explorer, poet, and painter (d. 1934)[104]
- 1915 - Jay Livingston, American singer-songwriter (d. 2001)[105]
- 1919 - Tom Brooks, Australian cricket umpire (d. 2007)[106]
- 1919 - Eileen Crofton, British physician and author (d. 2010)[107]
- 1919 - Vic Raschi, American baseball player and coach (d. 1988)[108]
- 1921 - Harold Agnew, American physicist and academic (d. 2013)[109]
- 1921 - Dirk Bogarde, English actor and author (d. 1999)[110]
- 1922 - Neville Bonner, Australian politician (d. 1999)[111]
- 1922 - Grace Hartigan, American painter and educator (d. 2008)[112]
- 1922 - Joey Maxim, American boxer and actor (d. 2001)[113]
- 1923 - Paul C. Donnelly, American scientist and engineer (d. 2014)[114]
- 1923 - Thad Jones, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1986)[115]
- 1924 - Freddie Bartholomew, American actor (d. 1992)[116]
- 1925 - Innokenty Smoktunovsky, Russian actor (d. 1994)[117]
- 1925 - Dorothy DeBorba, American child actress (d. 2010)[118]
- 1926 - Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba (d. 2014)[119]
- 1926 - Polly Umrigar, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)[120]
- 1928 - Zbigniew Brzezinski, Polish-American political activist and analyst; United States National Security Advisor (d. 2017)[121]
- 1928 - Alexander Grothendieck, German-French mathematician and theorist (d. 2014)[122]
- 1930 - Robert Ashley, American composer (d. 2014)[123]
- 1930 - Jerome Isaac Friedman, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[124]
- 1933 - Frank Murkowski, American soldier, banker, and politician, 8th Governor of Alaska[125]
- 1934 - Laurie Taitt, Guyanese-English hurdler (d. 2006)[126]
- 1935 - Michael Parkinson, English journalist and author (d. 2023)[127]
- 1935 - Józef Szmidt, Polish triple jumper[128]
- 1936 - Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian writer and politician, Nobel Prize laureate[129]
- 1940 - Tony Barber, English-Australian television host[130]
- 1940 - Luis Cubilla, Uruguayan footballer and coach (d. 2013)[131]
- 1940 - Michael Plumb, American equestrian[132]
- 1942 - Daniel Dennett, American philosopher and academic (d. 2024)[133]
- 1942 - Neil Kinnock, Welsh politician, Vice-President of the European Commission[134]
- 1942 - Mike Newell, English director and producer[135]
- 1942 - Samuel Ramey, American opera singer[136]
- 1942 - Jerry Sloan, American basketball player and coach (d. 2020)[137]
- 1943 - Richard Eyre, English director, producer, and screenwriter[138]
- 1943 - Conchata Ferrell, American actress (d. 2020)[139]
- 1944 - Rick Barry, American basketball player[140]
- 1944 - Ken Howard, American actor (d. 2016)[141]
- 1945 - Rodrigo Duterte, Filipino politician, 16th President of the Philippines[142]
- 1946 - Wubbo Ockels, Dutch physicist and astronaut (d. 2014)[143]
- 1946 - Henry Paulson, American banker and politician, 74th United States Secretary of the Treasury[144]
- 1946 - Alejandro Toledo, Peruvian economist and politician, President of Peru[145]
- 1948 - Janice Lynde, American actress[146]
- 1948 - Dianne Wiest, American actress
- 1948 - Milan Williams, American keyboard player (d. 2006)[147]
- 1949 - Ronnie Ray Smith, American sprinter (d. 2013)[148]
- 1953 - Melchior Ndadaye, Burundian banker and politician, 4th President of Burundi (d. 1993)[149]
- 1954 - Donald Brown, American pianist and educator[150]
- 1955 - Reba McEntire, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1957 - Harvey Glance, American sprinter (d. 2023)[151]
- 1958 - Edesio Alejandro, Cuban composer[152]
- 1958 - Curt Hennig, American wrestler (d. 2003)[153]
- 1959 - Laura Chinchilla, Costa Rican politician, President of Costa Rica[154]
- 1960 - José Maria Neves, Cape Verdeian politician, Prime Minister of Cape Verde[155]
- 1961 - Byron Scott, American basketball player and coach
- 1962 - Jure Franko, Slovenian skier[156]
- 1962 - Simon Bazalgette, English businessman[157]
- 1964 - Karen Lumley, English politician (d. 2023)[158]
- 1968 - Iris Chang, Chinese-American journalist and author (d. 2004)[159]
- 1968 - Nasser Hussain, Indian-English cricketer[160]
- 1969 - Brett Ratner, American director and producer[161]
- 1970 - Vince Vaughn, American actor
- 1970 - Jennifer Weiner, American journalist and author[162]
- 1972 - Keith Tkachuk, American ice hockey player
- 1973 - Björn Kuipers, Dutch footballer and referee[163]
- 1973 - Umaga, American Samoan wrestler (d. 2009)[164]
- 1975 - Kate Gosselin, American television personality
- 1975 - Iván Helguera, Spanish footballer[165]
- 1978 - Nathan Cayless, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player and coach[166]
- 1979 - Shakib Khan, Bangladeshi film actor, producer, singer and media personality[167]
- 1980 - Stiliani Pilatou, Greek long jumper [168]
- 1980 - Luke Walton, American basketball player[169]
- 1981 - Edwar Ramírez, American baseball player[170]
- 1981 - Julia Stiles, American actress
- 1983 - Ladji Doucouré, French sprinter and hurdler[171]
- 1984 - Christopher Samba, Congolese footballer[172]
- 1985 - Stefano Ferrario, Italian footballer[173]
- 1985 - Steve Mandanda, French footballer[174]
- 1985 - Stanislas Wawrinka, Swiss tennis player[175]
- 1985 - Josh Bray, American politician[176]
- 1986 - Mustafa Ali, American wrestler[177]
- 1986 - Bowe Bergdahl, American sergeant[178]
- 1986 - Lady Gaga, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1986 - J-Kwon, American rapper[179]
- 1986 - Barbora Strýcová, Czech tennis player[180]
- 1987 - Yohan Benalouane, French-Tunisian footballer[181]
- 1987 - Simeon Jackson, Canadian soccer player[182]
- 1987 - Jonathan Van Ness, American hairdresser and television personality
- 1988 - Geno Atkins, American football player[183]
- 1988 - Ryan Kalish, American baseball player[184]
- 1989 - Logan Couture, Canadian ice hockey player[185]
- 1989 - Lukas Jutkiewicz, English footballer[186]
- 1989 - Mira Leung, Canadian figure skater[187]
- 1990 - Delroy Edwards, American musician[188]
- 1990 - Laura Harrier, American actress and model
- 1991 - Derek Carr, American football player[189]
- 1991 - Jordan McRae, American basketball player[190]
- 1991 - Lisa-Maria Moser, Austrian tennis player[191]
- 1991 - Marie-Philip Poulin, Canadian ice hockey player[192]
- 1991 - Ondřej Palát, Czech ice hockey player[193]
- 1991 - Christian Walker, American baseball player[194]
- 1992 - Sergi Gómez, Spanish footballer[195]
- 1995 - Jonathan Drouin, Canadian ice hockey player[196]
- 1995 - Will Smith, American baseball player[197]
- 1996 - Matt Renshaw, English-Australian cricketer[198]
- 1996 - Max Strus, American basketball player[199]
- 1998 - Lance Morris, Australian cricketer[200]
- 2001 - Wang Xiyu, Chinese tennis player[201]
- 2004 - Anna Shcherbakova, Russian figure skater[202]
Deaths
Pre-1600
1601–1900
- 1687 - Constantijn Huygens, Dutch poet and composer (b. 1596)[216]
- 1690 - Emmanuel Tzanes, Greek Renaissance painter (b. 1610) [217]
- 1718 - Thomas Micklethwaite, Lord Commissioner of the Treasury (b. 1678)[218]
- 1818 - Antonio Capuzzi, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1755)[219]
- 1822 - Angelis Govios, leader of the Greek War of Independence (b. 1780) [220]
- 1868 - James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, English lieutenant and politician (b. 1797)[221]
- 1870 - George Henry Thomas, American general (b. 1816)[222]
- 1874 - Peter Andreas Hansen, Danish-German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1795)[223]
- 1881 - Modest Mussorgsky, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1839)[224]
- 1884 - Georgios Zariphis, Greek banker and financier (b. 1810) [225]
- 1893 - Edmund Kirby Smith, American general (b. 1824)[226]
- 1900 - Piet Joubert, South African soldier and politician (b. c. 1831)[227]
1901–present
- 1903 - Magdalene Thoresen, Danish writer (b. 1819)[228]
- 1910 - Édouard Colonne, French violinist and conductor (b. 1838)[229]
- 1916 - James Strachan-Davidson, English classical scholar, academic administrator, translator, and author (b. 1843)[230]
- 1917 - Albert Pinkham Ryder, American painter (b. 1847)[231]
- 1923 - Charles Hubbard, American archer (b. 1849)[232]
- 1929 - Katharine Lee Bates, American poet and songwriter (b. 1859)[233]
- 1929 - Lomer Gouin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Premier of Quebec (b. 1861)[234]
- 1934 - Mahmoud Mokhtar, Egyptian sculptor and educator (b. 1891)[235]
- 1941 - Marcus Hurley, American basketball player and cyclist (b. 1883)[236]
- 1941 - Virginia Woolf, English writer (b. 1882)[237]
- 1942 - Miguel Hernández, Spanish poet and playwright (b. 1910)[238]
- 1943 - Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1873)[239]
- 1944 - Stephen Leacock, English-Canadian political scientist and author (b. 1869)[240]
- 1947 - Karol Świerczewski, Polish general (b. 1897)[241]
- 1953 - Jim Thorpe, American football player (b. 1887)[242]
- 1957 - Stylianos Lenas, Greek-Cypriot member of the National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA) against the British rule (b. 1931) [243]
- 1958 - W. C. Handy, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1873)[244]
- 1962 - Hugo Wast, Argentinian author (b. 1883)[245]
- 1963 - Antonius Bouwens, Dutch target shooter (b. 1876)[246]
- 1965 - Clemence Dane, English author and playwright (b. 1888)[247]
- 1969 - Dwight D. Eisenhower, American general and politician, 34th President of the United States (b. 1890)[248]
- 1972 - Donie Bush, American baseball player, manager, and team owner (b. 1887)[249]
- 1974 - Arthur Crudup, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1905)[250]
- 1974 - Dorothy Fields, American songwriter (b. 1905)[251]
- 1974 - Françoise Rosay, French actress (b. 1891)[252]
- 1976 - Richard Arlen, American actor (b. 1899)[253]
- 1977 - Eric Shipton, English mountaineer and explorer (b. 1907)[254]
- 1979 - Emmett Kelly, American clown and actor (b. 1898)[255]
- 1980 - Dick Haymes, Argentinian-American actor and singer (b. 1918)[256]
- 1982 - William Giauque, Canadian chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)[257]
- 1985 - Marc Chagall, Russian-French painter (b. 1887)[258]
- 1986 - Virginia Gilmore. American actress (b. 1919)[259]
- 1987 - Maria von Trapp, Austrian-American singer (b. 1905)[260]
- 1992 - Nikolaos Platon, Greek archaeologist (b. 1909) [261]
- 1994 - Eugène Ionesco, Romanian-French playwright and critic (b. 1909)[262]
- 1996 - Shin Kanemaru, Japanese politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1914)[263]
- 2000 - Anthony Powell, English soldier and author (b. 1905)[264]
- 2004 - Peter Ustinov, English-Swiss actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)[265]
- 2005 - Moura Lympany, English-Monacan pianist (b. 1916)[266]
- 2005 - Robin Spry, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1939)[267]
- 2006 - Pro Hart, Australian painter (b. 1928)[268]
- 2006 - Charles Schepens, Belgian-American ophthalmologist and author (b. 1912)[269]
- 2006 - Caspar Weinberger, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1917)[270]
- 2006 - Jerry Brudos, American serial killer, rapist, and necrophile (b. 1939)[271]
- 2009 - Maurice Jarre, French-American composer and conductor (b. 1924)[272]
- 2009 - Janet Jagan, 6th President of Guyana (b. 1920)[273]
- 2010 - June Havoc, American actress, dancer, and director (b. 1912)[274]
- 2012 - John Arden, English author and playwright (b. 1930)[275]
- 2012 - Ioannis Banias, Greek politician (b. 1939) [276]
- 2012 - Harry Crews, American novelist (b. 1935)[277]
- 2012 - Addie L. Wyatt, African American labor leader (b. 1924)[278]
- 2013 - George E. P. Box, English-American statistician and educator (b. 1919)[279]
- 2013 - Richard Griffiths, English actor (b. 1947)[280]
- 2013 - Hugh McCracken, American guitarist, harmonica player, and producer (b. 1942)[281]
- 2013 - Bob Teague, American college football star and television news-reporter (b. 1929)[282]
- 2013 - Gus Triandos, American baseball player and scout (b. 1930)[283]
- 2014 - Jeremiah Denton, American admiral and politician (b. 1924)[284]
- 2014 - Lorenzo Semple, Jr., American screenwriter and producer (b. 1923)[285]
- 2015 - Chuck Brayton, American baseball player and coach (b. 1925)[286]
- 2015 - Joseph Cassidy, Canadian-English priest and academic (b. 1954)[287]
- 2015 - Miroslav Ondříček, Czech cinematographer (b. 1934)[288]
- 2015 - Gene Saks, American actor and director (b. 1921)[289]
- 2016 - James Noble, American actor (b. 1922)[290]
- 2021 - Didier Ratsiraka, Malagasy politician and naval officer (b. 1936)[291]
- 2021 - Joseph Edward Duncan, American serial killer (b. 1963)[292]
- 2023 - Paul O'Grady, English comedian, actor and drag queen (b. 1955)[293]
- 2023 - Ryuichi Sakamoto, Japanese composer, record producer, and actor (b. 1952) [294]
- 2024 - Larry Lloyd, English professional football player and coach (b. 1948)[295]
- 2024 - Mark Spiro, American songwriter, record producer and recording artist (b. 1957)[296]
Holidays and observances
External links
Notes and References
- Book: Bowman . Alan K. . Champlin . Edward . Lintott . Andrew . The Cambridge Ancient History . 8 February 1996 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-26430-3 . 221 . en.
- Herodian, Roman History, ii.6–13
- Web site: Valentinian I Roman emperor Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Book: Einar Joranson . Paetow . Louis J. . The Crusades and Other Historical Essays Presented to Dana C. Munro by his Former Students . 1928 . Crofts . New York . 3–43 . 21 March 2023 . The Great German Pilgrimage of 1064-1065.
- Book: Lucca . Denis De . Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in the Baroque Age . 17 February 2012 . BRILL . 978-90-04-22378-3 . 258 . en.
- Book: Ring . Trudy . Watson . Noelle . Schellinger . Paul . Southern Europe: International Dictionary of Historic Places . 5 November 2013 . Routledge . 978-1-134-25958-8 . 414 . en.
- Book: Hagwood (Jr.) . Joseph Jeremiah . Engineers at the Golden Gate . 1982 . The Corps . 12 . en.
- Book: Dyer . Thomas . The Age of Napoleon . 10 April 2018 . Ozymandias Press . 978-1-5312-8449-7 . 137 . en.
- Book: Gregory, Desmond. Sicily: The Insecure Base: A History of the British Occupation of Sicily, 1806–1815. Rutherford, N.J.. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. 1987. 978-0-8386-3306-9. 24–25.
- Web site: Pallas asteroid Britannica . www.britannica.com . 2 March 2022 . en.
- Book: Emsley . Clive . Napoleonic Europe . 19 September 2014 . Routledge . 978-1-317-89780-4 . 238 . en.
- Book: Malcomson . Robert . The A to Z of the War of 1812 . 24 August 2009 . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-7004-8 . 422 . en.
- Book: Fifield . Christopher . Hans Richter: New Edition . 2016 . Boydell & Brewer . 978-1-78327-021-7 . 30 . en.
- Web site: Crimean War Map, Summary, Combatants, Causes, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 2 March 2022 . en.
- Molen . Dayle H. . Decision at La Glorieta Pass . Montana: The Magazine of Western History . 1962 . 12 . 2 . 20–33 . 4516582 . 1 March 2022 . 0026-9891.
- Book: Murland . Jerry . The Schneider Trophy Air Races: The Development of Flight from 1909 to the Spitfire . 30 November 2021 . Pen and Sword Aviation . 978-1-5267-7002-8 . 59 . en.
- Book: James . D. Clayton . The Years of MacArthur Volume 1 1880-1941 . 1 October 1970 . Houghton Mifflin Company . Boston, Massachusetts . 978-0395109489 . 163 . 1st . 1 January 2020.
- Book: James . D. Clayton . The Years of MacArthur Volume 1 1880-1941 . 1 October 1970 . Houghton Mifflin Company . Boston, Massachusetts . 978-0395109489 . 164 . 1st . 1 January 2020.
- Book: Heikki Ylikangas. Tie Tampereelle: 1918: dokumentoitu kuvaus Tampereen antautumiseen johtaneista sotatapahtumista Suomen sisällissodassa. 1993. Helsinki. WSOY. 9510188972. fi.
- Web site: Tampereen kevät 1918 oli ennennäkemätön verilöyly – näin punaisten ja valkoisten suurtaistelu eteni . . January 6, 2017 . March 23, 2022. fi.
- Book: Schmidlin . Thomas W. . Schmidlin . Jeanne Appelhans . Thunder in the Heartland: A Chronicle of Outstanding Weather Events in Ohio . 1996 . Kent State University Press . 978-0-87338-549-7 . 252 . en.
- Book: Milde . Michael . International Air Law and ICAO . 2008 . Eleven International Publishing . 978-90-77596-54-8 . 228 . en.
- Web site: The end of the Spanish civil war - archive, 1939 . The Guardian . 2 March 2022 . en . 17 April 2019.
- Web site: Royal Navy . www.royalnavy.mod.uk . 30 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110412171108/http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/history/battles/cape-matapan/index.htm . 12 April 2011 . dead.
- Web site: The Raid on St Nazaire, 28 March 1942 Art UK . artuk.org . 2 March 2022 . en.
- Proceedings of the Section of International and Comparative Law (American Bar Association) . 1951 . 49–58 . 25742875 . Report of the Committee on International Control of Atomic Energy . 2 March 2022 . 2158-7477.
- Web site: China declares provocative new holiday in Tibet . The Guardian . 2 March 2022 . en . 20 January 2009.
- http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19610328-0 ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin 18V OK-OAD Nürnberg
- Web site: M 7.4 - Valparaiso, Chile . earthquake.usgs.gov . USGS . 12 April 2021.
- Book: Heinz . Wolfgang S. . Frühling . Hugo . Determinants of Gross Human Rights Violations by State and State-sponsored Actors in Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, and Argentina, 1960-1990 . 27 September 2021 . BRILL . 978-90-04-48180-0 . 86 . en.
- Book: Beaton . Roderick . Beaton . Koraes Professor of Modern Greek and Byzantine History Language and Literature Roderick . George Seferis: Waiting for the Angel : a Biography . 1 January 2003 . Yale University Press . 978-0-300-10135-5 . 398 . en.
- Mitchell . William A. . Reconstruction after Disaster: The Gediz Earthquake of 1970 . Geographical Review . 1976 . 66 . 3 . 296–313 . 10.2307/213887 . 213887 . 1976GeoRv..66..296M . 1 March 2022 . 0016-7428.
- SHAMAN . JEFFREY M. . Persons Who Are Mentally Retarded: Their Right to Marry and Have Children . Family Law Quarterly . 1978 . 12 . 1 . 61–84 . 25739206 . 1 March 2022 . 0014-729X.
- Web site: 1979: Early election as Callaghan defeated . BBC News . 1 March 2022 . 28 March 1979.
- Web site: THE SIDELINES : Bush Hails 'Hero' Jesse Owens . Los Angeles Times . 1 March 2022 . 28 March 1990.
- Web site: Mandela: why I gave shoot to kill order . The Independent . 1 March 2022 . en . 7 June 1995.
- Book: Krieger . Heike . The Kosovo Conflict and International Law: An Analytical Documentation 1974-1999 . 12 July 2001 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-80071-6 . 529 . en.
- Web site: Athens International Airport - Airport Opening .
- Web site: Video shows 2003 friendly fire incident that killed British soldier in Iraq - Americas - International Herald Tribune . The New York Times . 1 March 2022 . 6 February 2007.
- Book: Miller . Petra . Earthquakes . 15 December 2014 . Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC . 978-1-5026-0215-2 . 23 . en.
- Web site: 2006-03-28 . French protesters rally against labour law . The Guardian.
- Web site: Fra Bartolommeo Italian painter Britannica . www.britannica.com . 3 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Albert II Alcibiades margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach Britannica . www.britannica.com . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: John Amos Comenius Czech educator Britannica . www.britannica.com . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Book: Hummel . Arthur W. Sr . Eminent Chinese of the Qing Period: 1644-1911/2 . 1 January 2018 . Berkshire Publishing Group . 978-1-61472-849-8 . 705 . en.
- Book: Kooijmans . Luuc . Death Defied: The Anatomy Lessons of Frederik Ruysch . 7 December 2010 . BRILL . 978-90-04-18856-3 . 1 . en.
- Web site: Samuel Sewall British colonial merchant Britannica . www.britannica.com . 10 March 2022 . en.
- Book: Cunningham, George Godfrey . George Godfrey Cunningham . Lives of Eminent and Illustrious Englishmen: From Alfred the Great to the Latest Times, on an Original Plan . 1837 . A. Fullarton . 57 . en.
- Web site: Maximilian III Joseph elector of Bavaria Britannica . www.britannica.com . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Francisco de Miranda Venezuelan revolutionary Britannica . www.britannica.com . 17 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: BBC - History - Thomas Clarkson . www.bbc.co.uk . 17 March 2022.
- Web site: Henry Rowe Schoolcraft American explorer and ethnologist Britannica . www.britannica.com . 17 March 2022 . en.
- Book: Appletons' Annual Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events . 1877 . D. Appleton & Company . 640 . en.
- Book: Parsons . F. . Thomas Hare and Political Representation in Victorian Britain . 30 July 2009 . Springer . 978-0-230-24466-5 . 9 . en.
- Book: The Cyclopedic Review of Current History . 1896 . Garretson, Cox & Company . 247 . en.
- Web site: Wade Hampton Family & Term of Office Britannica . www.britannica.com . 18 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: BBC - History - Joseph Bazalgette . www.bbc.co.uk . 18 March 2022.
- Book: Press . C. Q. . Guide to Congress . 10 August 2012 . CQ Press . 978-1-4522-3532-5 . 1635 . en.
- Web site: Oberlé . Raymond . BENNER Emmanuel . alsace-histoire.org . 1983.
- Web site: Oberlé . Raymond . BENNER Jean . alsace-histoire.org . 1983.
- Book: Schlup . Leonard C. . Ryan . James Gilbert . Historical Dictionary of the Gilded Age . 2003 . M.E. Sharpe . 978-0-7656-2106-1 . 350 . en.
- Web site: Mehmed Emin Pasha German explorer Britannica . www.britannica.com . 19 March 2022 . en.
- Book: Horvath . Janos . A Panorama of Hungarian Mathematics in the Twentieth Century, I . 28 June 2010 . Springer Science & Business Media . 978-3-540-30721-1 . 572 . en.
- Web site: James Darmesteter French orientalist Britannica . www.britannica.com . 19 March 2022 . en.
- Mills . Julie . Bellew, Harold Kyrle Money (1850–1911) . bellew-harold-kyrle-money-5198 . 19 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Bernardino Luís Machado president of Portugal Britannica . www.britannica.com . 19 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: The Nobel Peace Prize 1926 . NobelPrize.org . 19 March 2022.
- Book: Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months . 24 September 2019 . Rowman & Littlefield . 978-1-64143-316-7 . 193 . en.
- Web site: Olympedia – John Geiger . www.olympedia.org . 27 March 2022.
- Web site: MacSwiney, Terence James Dictionary of Irish Biography . www.dib.ie . 27 March 2022.
- Web site: Martin Sheridan American athlete Britannica . www.britannica.com . 27 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Angelos Sikelianós Greek poet Britannica . www.britannica.com . 27 March 2022 . en.
- Book: Berumen . Frank Javier Garcia . American Indian Image Makers of Hollywood . 2020 . McFarland . 9781476636474 . 25.
- Book: Don Rayno. Paul Whiteman: Pioneer in American Music, 1930-1967. 19 December 2012. Scarecrow Press. 978-0-8108-8322-2. 308.
- Web site: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1938 . NobelPrize.org . 27 March 2022.
- Web site: Maguire, Tom Dictionary of Irish Biography . www.dib.ie . 27 March 2022.
- Book: Gross . Ernie . Worth . Roland H. Jr . This Day in American History, 4th ed. . 16 January 2018 . McFarland . 978-0-7864-9312-8 . 90 . en.
- Book: Grove . Eric . German Capital Ships and Raiders in World War II: From Graf Spee to Bismarck, 1931-1941 . 2002 . Psychology Press . 978-0-7146-5208-5 . 5 . en.
- Book: Balmer . Randall Herbert . Fitzmier . John R. . The Presbyterians . 1993 . Greenwood Publishing Group . 978-0-313-26084-1 . 125 . en.
- Book: W. Paul Reeve . Reeve . W. Paul. Ardis E. Parshall . Parshall . Ardis E. . Mormonism: A Historical Encyclopedia: A Historical Encyclopedia . 13 August 2010 . ABC-CLIO . 978-1-59884-108-4 . 149 . en.
- Book: Dunmore . Tom . Historical Dictionary of Soccer . 16 September 2011 . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-7188-5 . 143 . en.
- Web site: Gussie Busch . Society for American Baseball Research . 27 March 2022.
- Web site: McGowen . Deane . Buck Shaw Dies at 77 . The New York Times . 30 March 2022 . 20 March 1977.
- Web site: Edward Wagenknecht . The Independent . 3 March 2022 . en . 24 June 2004.
- Web site: Dame Flora Robson British actress Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Book: Deborah Andrews. Annual Obituary, 1991. 1992. St. James Press. 978-1-55862-175-6. 306.
- Web site: Patron of VACCA – Margaret Elizabeth Tucker, MBE . https://web.archive.org/web/20100924021838/http://vacca.org/resources-information/patrons . 24 September 2010 . . 18 January 2022.
- Web site: Obituary: Pandro S. Berman . The Independent . 27 February 2022 . en . 16 July 1996.
- Web site: Perkins, Marlin (1905-1986), zoo director and television personality . American National Biography . 2000 . 27 February 2022 . en . 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1302229. 978-0-19-860669-7 . Harmond . Richard .
- Web site: Murray Adaskin The Canadian Encyclopedia . www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca . 27 February 2022.
- Web site: Robert Allen . https://web.archive.org/web/20210513140310/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba436a407 . dead . May 13, 2021 . BFI . 27 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Dorothy Knowles: Academic and leading authority on French literature . The Independent . 27 February 2022 . en . 10 December 2010.
- Web site: Obituary: Irving Lazar . The Independent . 27 March 2022 . en . 17 January 1994.
- Web site: Nelson Algren Biography, Books, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 27 March 2022 . en.
- Book: Ellenberger . Allan R. . Celebrities in Los Angeles Cemeteries: A Directory . 1 May 2001 . McFarland . 978-0-7864-0983-9 . 86 . en.
- Web site: Thygesen . Peter . Obituary: Ingrid, Queen Mother of Denmark . The Guardian . 27 February 2022 . en . 8 November 2000.
- Book: Hayhoe . David . Formula 1 - The Knowledge 2nd Edition . 26 November 2021 . Veloce Publishing Ltd . 978-1-78711-822-5 . 66 . ar.
- Poorten . Alf Van Der . Chandler, Arthur Bertram (Bert) (1912–1984) . chandler-arthur-bertram-bert-12307 . 4 April 2022 . en.
- Encyclopedia: Commire. Anne. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. 6. 2002. Yorkin Publications, Gale Group. Waterford. 978-0-78764-075-0. 563.
- Web site: Renowned Japanese sumi ink artist Toko Shinoda dies at 107. KYODO. NEWS. Kyodo News+.
- Book: Katz . Ephraim . Nolen . Ronald Dean . The Film Encyclopedia 7th Edition: The Complete Guide to Film and the Film Industry . 26 February 2013 . Harper Collins . 978-0-06-227711-4 . 1573 . en.
- Web site: Bohumil Hrabal . https://web.archive.org/web/20170518064944/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba16869bf . dead . May 18, 2017 . BFI . 4 April 2022 . en.
- Book: Edward S. Mihalkanin. Greenwood Press. American Statesmen: Secretaries of State from John Jay to Colin Powell. 2004. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-0-313-30828-4. 389.
- Book: Balkan . Evan L. . Vanished!: Explorers Forever Lost . 10 May 2010 . Menasha Ridge Press . 978-0-89732-793-0 . 52 . en.
- Web site: Jay Livingston . The Guardian . 19 October 2001 . 4 April 2022.
- Web site: Tom Brooks profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos . ESPNcricinfo . 4 April 2022.
- Web site: Obituary: Lady Eileen Crofton, MBE, Doctor and founder of Action on Smoking and Health . www.scotsman.com . 9 January 2020 . en.
- Web site: Vic Raschi . Society for American Baseball Research . 10 March 2022.
- Web site: Broad . William J. . Harold M. Agnew, Physicist Present at Birth of the Nuclear Age, Dies at 92 . The New York Times . 4 April 2022 . 2 October 2013.
- Web site: Sir Dirk Bogarde British actor Britannica . www.britannica.com . 4 April 2022 . en.
- Book: Millar . F. Ann . The Biographical Dictionary of the Australian Senate . 2010 . UNSW Press . 978-0-86840-996-2 . 356 . en.
- Web site: Grace Hartigan Introduction & Biography Britannica . www.britannica.com . 3 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Joey Maxim . The Independent . 5 April 2022 . en . 7 June 2001.
- Web site: Granath . Bob . Launch Operations Manager Donnelly was a Space Program Pioneer . NASA . 5 April 2022 . 20 February 2015.
- Web site: Thad Jones . Oxford Reference . 27 February 2022 . en .
- Book: Paul Michael. Movie Greats: The Players, Directors, Producers. registration. 1969. Garland Books. 1959.
- Web site: Obituary: Innokenti Smoktunovsky . The Independent . 4 August 1994 . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: Dorothy De Borba . https://web.archive.org/web/20210307122312/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2be2ab3bb4 . dead . March 7, 2021 . BFI . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: The Duchess of Alba obituary . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 20 November 2014.
- Web site: Polly Umrigar . The Independent . 5 April 2022 . en . 9 November 2006.
- Web site: Zbigniew Brzezinski obituary . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 28 May 2017.
- Web site: Alexandre Grothendieck German-French mathematician Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Fox . Margalit . Robert Ashley, Opera Composer Who Painted Outside the Lines, Dies at 83 . The New York Times . 5 April 2022 . 7 March 2014.
- Web site: Jerome Isaac Friedman American physicist Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Book: American Political Leaders 1789-2009 . 22 September 2009 . CQ Press . 978-1-4522-6726-5 . 203 . en.
- Web site: Olympedia – Laurie Taitt . www.olympedia.org . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: Michael Parkinson . https://web.archive.org/web/20170430232024/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba03da9e5 . dead . April 30, 2017 . BFI . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Olympedia – Józef Szmidt . www.olympedia.org . 5 April 2022.
- News: Mario Vargas Llosa Biography, Books, Nobel Prize, & Facts Britannica . Encyclopedia Britannica . 31 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Tony Barber. Celebrity Speakers.
- News: How did Uruguay lose status as world's best? . BBC Sport . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: J. Michael Plumb . olympedia.org . 12 March 2024 .
- Web site: Daniel C. Dennett Biography, Books, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Neil Kinnock Biography & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Mike Newell . https://web.archive.org/web/20180321020009/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f0af3f9 . dead . March 21, 2018 . BFI . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Book: Thompson . Clifford . Contemporary World Musicians . 7 October 2020 . Routledge . 978-1-135-93961-8 . 2027 . en.
- Hall of Fame coach Jerry Sloan passes away at 78. NBA Media Ventures, LLC. NBA.com. en. May 22, 2020. May 24, 2020.
- Book: Murphy . Robert . Directors in British and Irish Cinema: A Reference Companion . 25 July 2019 . Bloomsbury Publishing . 978-1-83871-532-8 . 489 . en.
- Web site: Gates . Anita . Conchata Ferrell, Memorable Maid on 'Two and a Half Men,' Dies at 77 . The New York Times . 25 February 2022 . 13 October 2020.
- Book: Publishing . Britannica Educational . The Britannica Guide to Basketball . 1 May 2011 . Britannica Educational Publishing . 978-1-61530-577-3 . 133 . en.
- Web site: Ken Howard . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315115552/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba07f1385 . dead . March 15, 2018 . BFI . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Rodrigo Duterte Facts, Biography, Education, & Controversies Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Wubbo Ockels Biography, Spaceflight, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Henry Paulson Biography & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Alejandro Toledo Biography & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Book: Leszczak . Bob . The Odd Couple on Stage and Screen: A History with Cast and Crew Profiles and an Episode Guide . 23 August 2014 . McFarland . 978-1-4766-1539-4 . 81 . en.
- Web site: Milan B. Williams . The Independent . 12 July 2006 . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: Olympedia – Ronnie Ray Smith . www.olympedia.org . 30 March 2022.
- Book: Newton . Michael . Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia [2 volumes] ]. 17 April 2014 . ABC-CLIO . 978-1-61069-286-1 . 358 . en.
- Book: Notable Black Memphians . Cambria Press . 978-1-62196-863-4 . 56 . en.
- Web site: Olympedia – Harvey Glance . www.olympedia.org . 5 April 2022.
- Book: Schleifer . Martha Furman . Galván . Gary . Latin American Classical Composers: A Biographical Dictionary . 28 January 2016 . Rowman & Littlefield . 978-0-8108-8871-5 . 185 . en.
- Web site: Singleterry . Jabot . Family Affair VII: Larry and Curt Hennig . . 15 March 2023 . 28 January 2009.
- Web site: Laura Chinchilla Biography, President of Costa Rica, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Book: East . Roger . Thomas . Richard J. . Profiles of People in Power: The World's Government Leaders . 3 June 2014 . Routledge . 978-1-317-63940-4 . 95 . en.
- Web site: Olympedia – Jure Franko . www.olympedia.org . 4 April 2022.
- Web site: Bazalgette, Simon Louis, (born 28 March 1962), Chair, Global Venue Services, since 2020 . WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO . 4 April 2022 . en . 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U249846. 978-0-19-954088-4.
- Web site: Lumley, Karen Elizabeth, (born 28 March 1964) . WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO . 4 April 2022 . en . 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U251126. 978-0-19-954088-4 .
- Web site: Fox . Margalit . Iris Chang, Who Chronicled Rape of Nanking, Dies at 36 . The New York Times . 4 April 2022 . 12 November 2004.
- Web site: Nasser Hussain guardian.co.uk Sport . www.theguardian.com . 4 April 2022.
- Book: Robertiello . Gina . Sexual Harassment and Misconduct: An Encyclopedia . 9 August 2021 . ABC-CLIO . 978-1-4408-6609-8 . 268 . en.
- Web site: Jennifer Weiner . Jewish Women's Archive . 31 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Björn Kuipers - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 31 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Should WWE Pay Tribute to Deceased Superstars at WWE Raw 20th Anniversary? . . 15 March 2023 . 14 January 2013.
- Web site: Iván Helguera - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 30 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Statistics at rugbyleagueproject.org. rugbyleagueproject.org. 31 December 2017. 1 January 2018.
- Web site: Happy birthday, Shakib Khan. Culture. Desk. 27 March 2018. Daily Sun. en. 14 January 2020.
- Web site: Archived copy . www.hellenicathletes.com . 30 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070313155728/http://www.hellenicathletes.com/athletes.php?athlete_id=14 . 13 March 2007 . dead.
- Web site: Luke Walton Career NBA Coaching Record and Bio - ESPN . ESPN.com . 30 March 2022.
- Web site: Edwar Ramirez . Society for American Baseball Research . 16 March 2022.
- Web site: Ladji Doucoure - Player Profile - Athletics . Eurosport UK . 30 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Christopher Samba - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Stefano Ferrario - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Steve Mandanda - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Stan Wawrinka - Player Profile - Tennis . Eurosport UK . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Legislator-Profile - Legislative Research Commission . 2023-12-02 . legislature.ky.gov.
- Web site: Mustafa Ali . . 15 March 2023 . 12 January 2017.
- Web site: Bowe Bergdahl Fast Facts . CNN . 19 January 2014 . 16 March 2022.
- Web site: Kellman . Andy . J-Kwon Biography . AllMusic . 15 October 2022.
- Web site: Barbora Strýcová - Player Profile - Tennis . Eurosport UK . 10 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Yohan Benalouane - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Simeon Jackson - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 16 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Geno Atkins . . 15 March 2023.
- Web site: Ryan Kalish . Society for American Baseball Research . 27 February 2022.
- Web site: Logan Couture Stats And News . NHL.com . March 27, 2024.
- Web site: Lukas Jutkiewicz - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 27 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Mira Leung - Player Profile - Figure Skating . Eurosport UK . 10 March 2022 . en.
- Web site: Brandon Avery Perlman at California Birth Index . . July 27, 2020 .
- Web site: Derek Carr . . 15 March 2023.
- Web site: Jordan McRae Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft Status and more. Basketball-Reference.com.
- Web site: Lisa-Maria Moser . ESPN.com . 25 February 2022.
- Web site: Marie-Philip POULIN . olympics.com . 25 February 2022.
- Web site: Ondrej Palát - Player Profile - Ice Hockey . Eurosport UK . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Christian Walker Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie . baseball-reference.com . March 27, 2024.
- Web site: Sergi Gómez - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Jonathan Drouin - Player Profile - Ice Hockey . Eurosport UK . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Will Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status . baseball-reference.com . March 27, 2024.
- Web site: Matt Renshaw profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos . ESPNcricinfo . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Max Strus Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft Status . Basketball-Reference . March 27, 2024.
- Web site: Lance Morris . 10 January 2020 . ESPN Cricinfo.
- Web site: WTAtennis.com Profile: Xiyu Wang. Women's Tennis Association. 17 October 2022.
- Web site: Anna SHCHERBAKOVA . olympics.com . 25 February 2022 . 4 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220304131529/https://olympics.com/beijing-2022/olympic-games/en/results/figure-skating/athlete-profile-n1057108-anna-shcherbakova.htm . dead .
- Web site: Publius Helvius Pertinax Roman emperor Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Guntram king of Burgundy Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Book: Roberts . Edward . Flodoard of Rheims and the Writing of History in the Tenth Century . 5 September 2019 . Cambridge University Press . 978-1-316-51039-1 . 9 . en.
- Book: Robinson . I. S. . Henry IV of Germany 1056-1106 . 4 December 2003 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-54590-7 . 72 . en.
- Web site: Saint Stephen Harding Biography & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Go-Toba emperor of Japan Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Valdemar II king of Denmark Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Martin IV pope . Encyclopedia Britannica . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Book: Musto . Ronald G. . Apocalypse in Rome: Cola Di Rienzo and the Politics of the New Age . 29 May 2003 . University of California Press . 978-0-520-23396-6 . 123 . en.
- Book: Carlsmith . Christopher . A Renaissance Education: Schooling in Bergamo and the Venetian Republic, 1500-1650 . 1 January 2010 . University of Toronto Press . 978-0-8020-9254-0 . 307 . en.
- Book: Swain . Joseph P. . The A to Z of Sacred Music . 2010 . Rowman & Littlefield . 978-0-8108-7621-7 . 72 . en.
- Book: Herberstein . Sigmund von . Notes Upon Russia: Being a Translation of the Earliest Account of that Country . 1851 . Hakluyt Soc. . 978-5-87630-211-3 . 136 . en.
- Book: Dowling . Timothy C. . Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond [2 volumes] ]. 2 December 2014 . ABC-CLIO . 978-1-59884-948-6 . 371–372 . en.
- Web site: Constantijn Huygens Dutch diplomat and poet Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Crete - Orthodox Crete .
- Web site: LT._GOV_BIO.xlsx. August 19, 2023. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20230819112711/https://pohnpeistate.gov.fm/assets/PDF/Lt.pdf. August 19, 2023.
- Book: Randel . Don Michael . The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music . 1996 . Harvard University Press . 978-0-674-37299-3 . 134 . en.
- Web site: Κώτσος Δημητρίου (Κώτσας Αρβανίτης ή Θηβαίος) και Αγγελής Γοβιός (Γοβγίνας) .: Έγραψαν .: Ματιά . 15 July 2006 .
- Web site: James Thomas Brudenell, 7th earl of Cardigan . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: George H. Thomas United States general Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Peter Andreas Hansen German astronomer Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Modest Mussorgsky Russian composer Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Γεώργιος Ζαρίφης: Ο τραπεζίτης του Γαλατά που μηδένισε το δημόσιο χρέος της Οθωμανικής Αυτοκρατορίας (φωτό) . 22 August 2018 .
- Web site: E. Kirby-Smith United States military officer Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Petrus Jacobus Joubert South African politician Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Encyclopedia: Magdalene Thoresen . Ellen Birgitte . Johnsrud . . Bolstad . Erik . Norsk nettleksikon . Oslo . no. 18 March 2024.
- Web site: Tolansky . Jon. Colonne, Édouard (Judas) . The Oxford Companion to Music . Oxford University Press . 25 February 2022 . en . 10.1093/acref/9780199579037.001.0001 . 1 January 2011. 978-0-19-957903-7 .
- Book: Mackail . John W. . James Leigh Strachan-Davidson Master of Balliol: a Memoir . . 123 . 1925 . 2328170 . John William Mackail .
- Web site: Ryder, Albert Pinkham (19 March 1847–28 March 1917), artist . American National Biography . 2000 . 25 February 2022 . en . 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1700766. 978-0-19-860669-7 . Dorra . Henri .
- Web site: Olympedia – Charles Hubbard . www.olympedia.org . 25 February 2022.
- Web site: Katharine Lee Bates American author Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Sir Jean-Lomer Gouin Canadian politician and statesman Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Mahmoud Mukhtar . www.britishmuseum.org . 25 February 2022.
- Book: Mallon . Bill . Heijmans . Jeroen . Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement . 11 August 2011 . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-7522-7 . 159 . en.
- Web site: Virginia Woolf Biography, Books, Death, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Miguel Hernández Spanish author Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Sergey Rachmaninoff Russian musician Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Stephen Leacock Canadian author Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Book: Davies . Norman . God's Playground A History of Poland: Volume II: 1795 to the Present . 24 February 2005 . OUP Oxford . 978-0-19-925340-1 . 419 . en.
- Web site: Jim Thorpe Biography, Achievements, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- The Death of Stylianos Lenas on 28 March 1957 and the British Archival Sources . National Guard and History . January 2017 . Karyos . Andreas .
- Book: Gates (Jr.) . Henry Louis . Higginbotham . Evelyn Brooks . Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography . 2009 . Oxford University Press . 978-0-19-538795-7 . 237 . en.
- Web site: Hugo Wast Argentine writer Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Olympedia – Antoine Bouwens . www.olympedia.org . 25 February 2022.
- News: Clemence Dane . https://web.archive.org/web/20190108050846/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba560ad66 . dead . January 8, 2019 . BFI . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Dwight D. Eisenhower Biography, Cold War, Presidency, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 25 February 2022 . en.
- Web site: Donie Bush . Society for American Baseball Research . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: Arthur Crudup American singer-songwriter Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Dorothy Fields American songwriter Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Françoise Rosay . https://web.archive.org/web/20161118073649/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f6743a2 . dead . November 18, 2016 . BFI . 5 April 2022 . en.
- News: Richard Arlen, Actor, Dies; Star of First Oscar Film . New York Times . 29 March 1976 . 5 April 2022. Tomasson . Robert E. .
- Book: Sale . Richard . Rodway . George . Everest & Conquest in the Himalaya: Science and Courage on the World's Highest Mountain . 12 July 2011 . Grub Street Publishers . 978-1-78159-675-3 . 231 . en.
- Web site: Emmett Kelly Biography & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Book: Parish . James Robert . Pitts . Michael R. . Hollywood Songsters: Garland to O'Connor . 2003 . Taylor & Francis . 978-0-415-94333-8 . 373 . en.
- Web site: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949 . NobelPrize.org . 25 February 2022.
- Web site: Marc Chagall Biography, Art, & Facts Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Virginia Gilmore . https://web.archive.org/web/20180627040701/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f483067 . dead . June 27, 2018 . BFI . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Encyclopedia: Commire, Anne. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. 16. 2002. Yorkin Publications, Gale Group. Waterford. 978-0-78764-075-0. 77.
- Web site: Ερευνητές . 23 April 2012 .
- Web site: Eugène Ionesco French dramatist Britannica . www.britannica.com . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Obituary: Shin Kanemaru . The Independent . 5 April 2022 . en . 29 March 1996.
- Web site: Shrapnel . Norman . Obituary: Anthony Powell . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 29 March 2000.
- Web site: Obituary: Sir Peter Ustinov . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 30 March 2004.
- Web site: Jack . Adrian . Obituary: Dame Moura Lympany . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 30 March 2005.
- Web site: Robin Spry . https://web.archive.org/web/20190408005615/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9ee50a74 . dead . April 8, 2019 . BFI . 5 April 2022 . en.
- Web site: Artist Pro Hart dies . The Sydney Morning Herald . 28 March 2006 . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: Pearce . Jeremy . Charles L. Schepens, Eye Researcher, Dies at 94 . The New York Times . 5 April 2022 . 8 April 2006.
- Web site: Obituary: Caspar Weinberger . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 28 March 2006.
- Web site: Jerome "Jerry" Henry Brudos . 27 April 2022 .
- Web site: Obituary: Maurice Jarre . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 30 March 2009.
- News: Fraser . Peter . Obituary: Janet Jagan . 9 March 2021 . The Guardian . 29 March 2009 . en.
- Web site: June Havoc obituary . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 30 March 2010.
- Web site: John Arden obituary . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 30 March 2012.
- Web site: Δέκα χρόνια χωρίς τον Γιάννη Μπανιά . 26 March 2022 .
- Web site: Harry Crews obituary . The Guardian . 10 April 2012 . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: The Rev. Addie L. Wyatt, 1924-2012 . Ronnie . Reese . chicagotribune.com . April 2012 . en-US . 2019-10-20 .
- Book: Balakrishnan . Narayanaswamy . Koutras . Markos V. . Politis . Konstadinos G. . Introduction to Probability: Multivariate Models and Applications . 24 November 2021 . John Wiley & Sons . 978-1-118-54855-4 . 201 . en.
- Web site: Richard Griffiths obituary . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 29 March 2013.
- News: Martin . Douglas . Hugh McCracken, a Studio Musician in High Demand, Dies at 70 . The New York Times . B8 . 3 April 2013 .
- Web site: Martin . Douglas . Bob Teague, WNBC Reporter Who Helped Integrate TV News, Is Dead at 84 . The New York Times . 5 April 2022 . 29 March 2013.
- Web site: Gus Triandos . Society for American Baseball Research . 5 April 2022.
- Web site: McFadden . Robert D. . Jeremiah A. Denton Jr., 89, Dies; With Blinks, Vietnam P.O.W. Told of Torture . The New York Times . 5 April 2022 . 28 March 2014.
- Web site: Lorenzo Semple obituary . the Guardian . 5 April 2022 . en . 2 April 2014.
- News: WSU coaching legend Brayton dies at 89 . Yakima Herald . (Washington) . Underwood . Roger . April 6, 2015 . May 9, 2020.
- Web site: St Chad's Principal passes away. 29 March 2015. 9 May 2020. Palatinate. Durham University. Smith. Josh.
- Web site: Czech Oscar-nominated cinematographer Miroslav Ondricek dies. ceskenoviny.cz. 9 May 2020. 29 March 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402000740/http://www.ceskenoviny.cz/news/zpravy/czech-oscar-nominated-cinematographer-miroslav-ondricek-dies/1198494. 2 April 2015.
- Web site: Gene Saks, Tony-Winning Director of Neil Simon Hits, Dies at 93. Bruce. Weber. The New York Times. March 29, 2015. May 9, 2020.
- Web site: James Noble Dies: 'Benson' Governor Was 94. Hipes. Patrick. Deadline. March 29, 2016.
- Web site: Ratsimbaharison. Adrien. Didier Ratsiraka: the legacy of Madagascar's "Red Admiral". 2021-04-04. The Conversation. 30 March 2021 . en.
- Web site: Luck . Melissa . 'The sun is a little brighter today': Serial killer Joseph Duncan is dead . KXLY . 28 March 2021 . 28 March 2023.
- Web site: Cain . Sian . Paul O'Grady, TV presenter and comedian, dies aged 67 . The Guardian . 29 March 2023 . 29 March 2023.
- News: 2023-04-02 . Ryuichi Sakamoto: Japanese electronic music maestro dies . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-04-02.
- Web site: 2024-03-28 . Larry Lloyd, former Liverpool and Nottingham Forest defender, dies at age 75 . 2024-03-31 . AP News . en.
- Web site: Mark Spiro: addio al celebre songwriter americano MelodicRock.it . 2024-03-31 . www.melodicrock.it . it-IT.
- Book: Martirologio Romano . 2004 . Libreria Editrice Vaticana . 211–213 . 2 April 2024. .
- Book: Abbey . Saint Augustine's . Press . Aeterna . The Book of Saints . 1966 . Aeterna Press . 908 . en.
- Book: Walsh . Michael J. . Pocket Dictionary of Popes . 10 May 2006 . A&C Black . 978-0-86012-420-7 . 137 . en.
- Book: China . United States Congressional-Executive Commission on . A Year After the March 2008 Protests: Is China Promoting Stability in Tibet? : Roundtable Before the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, One Hundredth Eleventh Congress, First Session, March 13, 2009 . 2009 . U.S. Government Printing Office . 978-0-16-083576-6 . 30 . en.
- Book: Goris . Wouter . Meyer . Meinert A. . Urbánek . Vladimír . Gewalt sei ferne den Dingen!: Contemporary Perspectives on the Works of John Amos Comenius . 16 October 2015 . Springer-Verlag . 978-3-658-08261-1 . 286 . en.
