The 23rd Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 23rd Central Committee in the aftermath of the 23rd Congress.
| Rank | Name (birth–death) | Took office | Left office | Duration | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | (1906–1982) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | Elected General Secretary at the 1st Plenary Session. | ||
| 7 | (1914–1984) | 8 April 1966 | 21 June 1967 | Resigned from his seat at the 5th Plenary Session. | ||
| 5 | (1918–2000) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | — | ||
| 9 | (1915–2002) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | — | ||
| 10 | (1927–2010) | 10 April 1968 | 9 April 1971 | Elected at the 7th Plenary Session. | ||
| 4 | (1906–1990) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | — | ||
| 11 | (1918–1978) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | — | ||
| 8 | (1905–1995) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | — | ||
| 12 | (1910–1966) | 8 April 1966 | 10 June 1966 | Died after a prolonged battle with illness. | ||
| 3 | (1918–1994) | 13 December 1966 | 26 September 1967 | Elected at the 4th Plenary Session. Relieved of his duties at the 6th Plenary Session. | ||
| 13 | (1913–2008) | 13 December 1966 | 9 April 1971 | Elected at the 4th Plenary Session. | ||
| 2 | (1902–1982) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | — | ||
| 6 | (1908–1984) | 8 April 1966 | 9 April 1971 | — |