Number: | 23rd |
Imagename: | United States Capitol |
Imagedate: | 1827 |
Start: | March 4, 1833 |
End: | March 4, 1835 |
Vp: | Martin Van Buren (J) |
Pro Tem: | Hugh L. White (NR) George Poindexter (J) John Tyler (J) |
Speaker: | Andrew Stevenson (J) John Bell (J) |
Senators: | 48 |
Reps: | 240 |
Delegates: | 3 |
S-Majority: | National Republican |
H-Majority: | Jacksonian |
Sessionnumber1: | 1st |
Sessionstart1: | December 2, 1833 |
Sessionend1: | June 30, 1834 |
Sessionnumber2: | 2nd |
Sessionstart2: | December 1, 1834 |
Sessionend2: | March 4, 1835 |
Previous: | 22nd |
Next: | 24th |
The 23rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1833, to March 4, 1835, during the fifth and sixth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1830 United States census. The Senate had an Anti-Jacksonian or National Republican majority, and the House had a Jacksonian or Democratic majority.
See main article: 1833 in the United States, 1834 in the United States and 1835 in the United States.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Beginning of the CongressFile:23rd United States Senate Ending.svg | Ending of the Congress |
For the beginning of this congress, the size of the House was increased from 213 seats to 240 seats, following the 1830 United States Census.
Beginning of the CongressFile:23rd United States House Ending.svg | End of the Congress |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Skip to House of Representatives, below
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1838; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1834; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1836.
2. William R. King (J)
3. Gabriel Moore (NR)
1. Nathan Smith (NR)
3. Gideon Tomlinson (NR)
1. Arnold Naudain (NR)
2. John M. Clayton (NR)
2. George Troup (J), until November 8, 1833
John P. King (J), from November 21, 1833
3. John Forsyth (J), until July 27, 1834
Alfred Cuthbert (J), from January 12, 1835
2. John M. Robinson (J)
3. Elias K. Kane (J)
1. John Tipton (J)
3. William Hendricks (NR)
2. George M. Bibb (J)
3. Henry Clay (NR)
2. George A. Waggaman (NR)
3. Josiah S. Johnston (NR), until May 19, 1833
Alexander Porter (NR), from December 19, 1833
1. Ether Shepley (J)
2. Peleg Sprague (NR), until January 1, 1835
John Ruggles (J), from January 20, 1835
1. Joseph Kent (NR)
3. Ezekiel F. Chambers (NR), until December 20, 1834
Robert H. Goldsborough (NR), from January 13, 1835
1. Daniel Webster (NR)
2. Nathaniel Silsbee (NR)
1. John Black (NR), from November 22, 1833
2. George Poindexter (NR)
1. Thomas H. Benton (J)
3. Alexander Buckner (J), until June 5, 1833
Lewis F. Linn (J), from October 25, 1833
2. Samuel Bell (NR)
3. Isaac Hill (J)
1. Samuel L. Southard (NR)
2. Theodore Frelinghuysen (NR)
1. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (J)
3. Silas Wright Jr. (J)
2. Bedford Brown (J)
3. Willie P. Mangum (NR)
1. Thomas Morris (J)
3. Thomas Ewing (NR)
1. Samuel McKean (J), from December 7, 1833
3. William Wilkins (J), until June 30, 1834
James Buchanan (J), from December 6, 1834
1. Asher Robbins (NR)
2. Nehemiah R. Knight (NR)
2. John C. Calhoun (N)
3. William C. Preston (N), from November 26, 1833
1. Felix Grundy (J)
2. Hugh Lawson White (J)
1. Benjamin Swift (NR)
3. Samuel Prentiss (NR)
1. John Tyler (NR)
2. William Rives (J), until February 22, 1834
Benjamin W. Leigh (NR), from February 26, 1834
. Clement C. Clay (J)
. John McKinley (J)
. Samuel W. Mardis (J)
. Dixon H. Lewis (N)
. John Murphy (J)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
. Noyes Barber (NR)
. William W. Ellsworth (NR), until July 8, 1834
Joseph Trumbull (NR), from December 1, 1834
. Jabez W. Huntington (NR), until August 16, 1834
Phineas Miner (NR), from December 1, 1834
. Samuel A. Foote (NR), until May 9, 1834
Ebenezer Jackson Jr. (NR), from December 1, 1834
. Samuel Tweedy (NR)
. Ebenezer Young (NR)
. John J. Milligan (NR)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
. Augustin S. Clayton (J)
. John E. Coffee (J)
. Thomas F. Foster (J)
. Roger L. Gamble (J)
. George R. Gilmer (J)
. Seaborn Jones (J)
. William Schley (J)
. James M. Wayne (J), until January 13, 1835, vacant thereafter
. Richard Henry Wilde (J)
. Charles Slade (J), until July 26, 1834
John Reynolds (J), from December 1, 1834
. Zadok Casey (J)
. Joseph Duncan (J), until September 21, 1834
William L. May (J), from December 1, 1834
. Ratliff Boon (J)
. John Ewing (NR)
. John Carr (J)
. Amos Lane (J)
. Johnathan McCarty (J)
. George L. Kinnard (J)
. Edward A. Hannegan (J)
. Chittenden Lyon (J)
. Albert G. Hawes (J)
. Christopher Tompkins (NR)
. Martin Beaty (NR)
. Robert P. Letcher (NR), from August 6, 1834
. Thomas Chilton (NR)
. Benjamin Hardin (NR)
. Patrick H. Pope (J)
. James Love (NR)
. Chilton Allan (NR)
. Amos Davis (NR)
. Thomas A. Marshall (NR)
. Richard M. Johnson (J)
. Edward D. White (NR), until November 15, 1834
Henry Johnson (NR), from December 1, 1834
. Philemon Thomas (J)
. Henry A. Bullard (NR), until January 4, 1834
Rice Garland (NR), from April 28, 1834
. Rufus McIntire (J)
. Francis O. J. Smith (J)
. Edward Kavanagh (J)
. George Evans (NR)
. Moses Mason Jr. (J)
. Leonard Jarvis (J)
. Joseph Hall (J)
. Gorham Parks (J)
. Littleton P. Dennis (NR), until April 14, 1834
John N. Steele (NR), from June 9, 1834
. Richard B. Carmichael (J)
. James Turner (J)
. James P. Heath (J)
. Isaac McKim (J)
. William Cost Johnson (NR)
. Francis Thomas (J)
. John T. Stoddert (J)
. Benjamin Gorham (NR)
. Rufus Choate (NR), until June 30, 1834
Stephen C. Phillips (NR), from December 1, 1834
. Gayton P. Osgood (J)
. Edward Everett (NR)
. John Davis (NR), until January 14, 1834
Levi Lincoln Jr. (NR), from March 5, 1834
. George Grennell Jr. (NR)
. George N. Briggs (NR)
. Isaac C. Bates (NR)
. William Jackson (AM)
. William Baylies (NR)
. John Reed Jr. (NR)
. John Quincy Adams (AM)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
. Harry Cage (J)
. Franklin E. Plummer (J)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
. William H. Ashley (J)
. John Bull (NR)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
. Benning M. Bean (J)
. Robert Burns (J)
. Joseph M. Harper (J)
. Henry Hubbard (J)
. Franklin Pierce (J)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
. Philemon Dickerson (J)
. Samuel Fowler (J)
. Thomas Lee (J)
. James Parker (J)
. Ferdinand S. Schenck (J)
. William N. Shinn (J)
There were five plural districts, the 8th, 17th, 22nd & 23rd had two representatives each, the 3rd had four representatives.
. Abel Huntington (J)
. Isaac B. Van Houten (J)
. Churchill C. Cambreleng (J)
. Cornelius V. Lawrence (J), until May 14, 1834
John J. Morgan (J), from December 1, 1834
. Dudley Selden (J), until July 1, 1834
Charles G. Ferris (J), from December 1, 1834
. Campbell P. White (J)
. Aaron Ward (J)
. Abraham Bockee (J)
. John W. Brown (J)
. Charles Bodle (J)
. John Adams (J)
. Aaron Vanderpoel (J)
. Job Pierson (J)
. Gerrit Y. Lansing (J)
. John Cramer (J)
. Henry C. Martindale (AM)
. Reuben Whallon (J)
. Ransom H. Gillet (J)
. Charles McVean (J)
. Abijah Mann Jr. (J)
. Samuel Beardsley (J)
. Joel Turrill (J)
. Daniel Wardwell (J)
. Sherman Page (J)
. Noadiah Johnson (J)
. Henry Mitchell (J)
. Nicoll Halsey (J)
. Samuel G. Hathaway (J)
. William K. Fuller (J)
. William Taylor (J)
. Rowland Day (J)
. Samuel Clark (J)
. John Dickson (AM)
. Edward Howell (J)
. Frederick Whittlesey (AM)
. George W. Lay (AM)
. Philo C. Fuller (AM)
. Abner Hazeltine (AM)
. Millard Fillmore (AM)
. Gideon Hard (AM)
. William B. Shepard (NR)
. Jesse A. Bynum (J)
. Thomas H. Hall (J)
. Jesse Speight (J)
. James I. McKay (J)
. Micajah T. Hawkins (J)
. Edmund Deberry (NR)
. Daniel L. Barringer (NR)
. Augustine H. Shepperd (NR)
. Abraham Rencher (NR)
. Henry W. Connor (J)
. James Graham (NR)
. Lewis Williams (NR)
. Robert T. Lytle (J), until March 10, 1834, and from December 27, 1834
. Taylor Webster (J)
. Joseph H. Crane (NR)
. Thomas Corwin (NR)
. Thomas L. Hamer (J)
. Samuel F. Vinton (NR)
. William Allen (J)
. Jeremiah McLene (J)
. John Chaney (J)
. Joseph Vance (NR)
. James M. Bell (NR)
. Robert Mitchell (J)
. David Spangler (NR)
. William Patterson (J)
. Jonathan Sloane (AM)
. Elisha Whittlesey (AM)
. John Thomson (J)
. Benjamin Jones (J)
. Humphrey H. Leavitt (J), until July 10, 1834
Daniel Kilgore (J), from December 1, 1834
There were two plural districts, the 2nd had two representatives, the 4th had three representatives.
. Joel B. Sutherland (J)
. Horace Binney (NR)
. James Harper (NR)
. John G. Watmough (NR)
. Edward Darlington (AM)
. William Hiester (AM)
. David Potts Jr. (AM)
. Joel K. Mann (J)
. Robert Ramsey (J)
. David D. Wagener (J)
. Henry King (J)
. Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (J)
. William Clark (AM)
. Charles A. Barnitz (AM)
. George Chambers (AM)
. Jesse Miller (J)
. Joseph Henderson (J)
. Andrew Beaumont (J)
. Joseph B. Anthony (J)
. John Laporte (J)
. George Burd (NR)
. Richard Coulter (J)
. Andrew Stewart (AM)
. Thomas M. T. McKennan (AM)
. Harmar Denny (AM)
. Samuel S. Harrison (J)
. John Banks (AM)
. John Galbraith (J)
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
. Tristam Burges (NR)
. Dutee J. Pearce (AM)
. Henry L. Pinckney (N)
. William J. Grayson (N)
. Thomas D. Singleton (N), until November 25, 1833
Robert B. Campbell (N), from February 27, 1834
. John Myers Felder (N)
. George McDuffie (N), until ????, 1834
Francis W. Pickens (N), from December 8, 1834
. Warren R. Davis (N), until January 29, 1835, vacant thereafter
. William K. Clowney (N)
. James Blair (J), until April 1, 1834
Richard I. Manning (J), from December 8, 1834
. John K. Griffin (N)
. John Blair (J)
. Samuel Bunch (J)
. Luke Lea (J)
. James I. Standifer (J)
. John B. Forester (J)
. Balie Peyton (J)
. John Bell (J)
. David W. Dickinson (J)
. James K. Polk (J)
. William M. Inge (J)
. Cave Johnson (J)
. David Crockett (NR)
. William C. Dunlap (J)
. Hiland Hall (NR)
. William Slade (AM)
. Horace Everett (NR)
. Heman Allen (NR)
. Benjamin F. Deming (AM), until July 11, 1834
Henry F. Janes (AM), from December 2, 1834
. George Loyall (J)
. John Y. Mason (J)
. William S. Archer (J)
. James H. Gholson (NR)
. John Randolph (J), until May 24, 1833
Thomas T. Bouldin (J), from December 2, 1833, until February 11, 1834
James W. Bouldin (J), from March 28, 1834
. Thomas Davenport (NR)
. Nathaniel H. Claiborne (J)
. Henry A. Wise (J)
. William P. Taylor (NR)
. Joseph W. Chinn (J)
. Andrew Stevenson (J), until June 2, 1834
John Robertson (NR), from December 1, 1834
. William F. Gordon (J)
. John M. Patton (J)
. Charles F. Mercer (NR)
. Edward Lucas (J)
. James M. H. Beale (J)
. Samuel M. Moore (NR)
. John H. Fulton (J)
. William McComas (J)
. John J. Allen (NR)
. Edgar C. Wilson (NR)
. Ambrose H. Sevier (J)
. Joseph M. White (J)
. Lucius Lyon (J)
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate.
|-| South Carolina
(3)| colspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Vacant since March 3, 1833, due to the resignation of Stephen Decatur Miller (N).
Successor was elected November 26, 1833.| | William C. Preston (N)| November 26, 1833
|-| Mississippi
(1)| colspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Vacant from the start of this Congress due to the state legislature's failure to elect.
Appointee who had held the seat at the end of the previous Congress was elected November 22, 1833.| | John Black (NR)| November 22, 1833
|-| Pennsylvania
(1)| colspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Vacant from the start of this Congress due to the state legislature's failure to elect.
Successor was elected December 7, 1833.| | Samuel McKean (J)| December 7, 1833
|-| Louisiana
(3)| | Josiah S. Johnston (NR)| style="font-size:80%" | Died May 19, 1833.
Successor was elected December 19, 1833.| | Alexander Porter (NR)| December 19, 1833
|-| Missouri
(3)| | Alexander Buckner (J)| style="font-size:80%" | Died June 6, 1833.
Successor was appointed December 19, 1833, and subsequently elected to finish the term.| | Lewis F. Linn (J)| October 25, 1833
|-| Georgia
(2)| | George Troup (J)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 8, 1833.
Successor was elected November 21, 1833.| | John P. King (D)| November 21, 1833
|-| Virginia
(2)| | William Rives (J)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 22, 1834.
Successor was elected February 26, 1834.| | Benjamin W. Leigh (NR)| February 26, 1834
|-| Pennsylvania
(3)| | William Wilkins (J)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 30, 1834, to become U.S. Minister to Russia.
Successor elected December 6, 1834.| | James Buchanan (J)| December 6, 1834
|-| Georgia
(3)| | John Forsyth (J)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 27, 1834, to become U.S. Secretary of State.
Successor elected January 12, 1835.| | Alfred Cuthbert (J)| January 12, 1835
|-| Maryland
(3)| | Ezekiel F. Chambers (NR)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 20, 1834, to become judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals.
Successor elected January 13, 1835.| | Robert H. Goldsborough (NR)| January 13, 1835
|-| Maine
(2)| | Peleg Sprague (NR)| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 1, 1835.
Successor elected January 20, 1835.| | John Ruggles (J)| January 20, 1835|}
See main article: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives.
|-| | Vacant| Contested election of Thomas P. Moore. House denied either party the seat and declared new election | | Robert P. Letcher (NR)| Seated August 6, 1834
|-| | | Joel B. Sutherland (J)| Resigned before the term to become a judge, but then left that judgeship to seek his old seat and re-elected October 8, 1833.| | Joel B. Sutherland (J)| Seated December 2, 1833
|-| | | John Randolph (J)| Died May 24, 1833| | Thomas T. Bouldin (J)| Seated December 2, 1833|-| | | Thomas D. Singleton (N)| Died November 25, 1833| | Robert B. Campbell (N)| Seated February 27, 1834|-| | | George McDuffie (N)| Resigned some time in 1834.| | Francis W. Pickens (N)| Seated December 8, 1834|-| | | Henry A. Bullard (NR)| Resigned January 4, 1834, after being appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana| | Rice Garland (NR)| Seated April 28, 1834|-| | | John Davis (NR)| Resigned January 14, 1834, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts| | Levi Lincoln (NR)| Seated March 5, 1834|-| | | Thomas T. Bouldin (J)| Died February 11, 1834| | James W. Bouldin (J)| Seated March 28, 1834|-| | | Robert T. Lytle (J)| Resigned March 10, 1834| | Robert T. Lytle (J)| Re-seated December 27, 1834|-| | | James Blair (J)| Died April 1, 1834| | Richard I. Manning (J)| Seated December 8, 1834|-| | | Littleton P. Dennis (J)| Died April 14, 1834| | John N. Steele (J)| Seated June 9, 1834|-| | | Samuel A. Foot (NR)| Resigned May 9, 1834, after becoming Governor of Connecticut| | Ebenezer Jackson Jr. (NR)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Cornelius V. Lawrence (J)| Resigned May 14, 1834, after becoming Mayor of New York City. This was a plural district with 4 representatives.| | John J. Morgan (J)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Andrew Stevenson (J)| Resigned June 2, 1834| | John Robertson (NR)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Rufus Choate (NR)| Resigned June 30, 1834| | Stephen C. Phillips (NR)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Dudley Selden (J)| Resigned July 1, 1834. This was a plural district with 4 representatives.| | Charles G. Ferris (J)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | William W. Ellsworth (NR)| Resigned July 8, 1834| | Joseph Trumbull (NR)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Humphrey H. Leavitt (J)| Resigned July 10, 1834, after becoming judge of the US District Court of Ohio| | Daniel Kilgore (J)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Benjamin F. Deming (AM)| Died July 11, 1834| | Henry F. Janes (AM)| Seated December 2, 1834|-| | | Charles Slade (J)| Died July 26, 1834| | John Reynolds (J)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Jabez W. Huntington (NR)| Resigned August 16, 1834, after being appointed judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors| | Phineas Miner (NR)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Joseph Duncan (J)| Resigned September 21, 1834, after being elected Governor of Illinois| | William L. May (J)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | Edward D. White (NR)| Resigned November 15, 1834, to become Governor of Louisiana| | Henry Johnson (NR)| Seated December 1, 1834|-| | | James M. Wayne (J)| Resigned January 13, 1835, after being appointed an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court| colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Not filled in this Congress|-| | | Warren R. Davis (N)| Died January 29, 1835|}
Lists of committees and their party leaders.