September 23 Explained

Events

Pre-1600

• 38  - Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified.^[1]
• 1122  - Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat of Worms to put an end to the Investiture Controversy.
• 1338  - The Battle of Arnemuiden, in which a French force defeats the English, is the first naval battle of the Hundred Years' War and the first naval battle in which gunpowder artillery is used.^[2]
• 1409  - The Battle of Kherlen is the second significant victory over Ming dynasty China by the Mongols since 1368.
• 1459  - The Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Wars of the Roses, is won by the Yorkists.^[3]
• 1561  - King Philip II of Spain issues cedula, ordering a halt to colonizing efforts in Florida.^[4]

1601–1900

• 1779  - American Revolution: John Paul Jones, naval commander of the United States, on board the, wins the Battle of Flamborough Head.
• 1803  - Second Anglo-Maratha War: The Battle of Assaye is fought between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India.^[5]
• 1821  - Tripolitsa, Greece, is captured by Greek rebels during the Greek War of Independence.
• 1846  - Astronomers Urbain Le Verrier, John Couch Adams and Johann Gottfried Galle collaborate on the discovery of Neptune.
• 1868  - The Grito de Lares occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
• 1879  - The Macedo-Romanian Cultural Society is founded.^[6]
• 1884  - On the night of 23-24 September, the steamship Arctique runs aground near Cape Virgenes leading to the discovery of nearby placer gold, beginning the Tierra del Fuego gold rush.^[7]
• 1899  - The American Asiatic Squadron destroys a Filipino battery at the Battle of Olongapo.

1901–present

• 1905  - Norway and Sweden sign the Karlstad Treaty, peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries.
• 1913  - The United Mine Workers of America launch a strike which eventually escalated into the Colorado Coalfield War.^[8]
• 1942  - World War II: The Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins: U.S. Marines attack Japanese units along the Matanikau River.
• 1950  - Korean War: The Battle of Hill 282 is the first US friendly-fire incident on British military personnel since World War II.
• 1973  - Argentine general election: Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
• 1983  - Gulf Air Flight 771 is destroyed by a bomb, killing all 117 people on board.
• 2004  - Over 3,000 people die in Haiti after Hurricane Jeanne produces massive flooding and mudslides.
• 2008  - Matti Saari kills ten people at a school in Finland before committing suicide.^[9]

Births

Pre-1600

• 63 BC  - Augustus, Roman emperor (d. 14 AD)^[10]
• 1158  - Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1186)
• 1215  - Kublai Khan, Mongolian emperor (d. 1294)
• 1495  - Bagrat III of Imereti, King of Imereti (d. 1565)
• 1597  - Francesco Barberini, Catholic cardinal (d. 1679)
• 1598  - Eleonore Gonzaga, Italian wife of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1655)^[11]

1601–1900

• 1642  - Giovanni Maria Bononcini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1678)
• 1647  - Joseph Dudley, English politician, Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (d. 1720)
• 1650  - Jeremy Collier, English bishop and theologian (d. 1726)
• 1713  - Ferdinand VI of Spain (d. 1759)
• 1740  - Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (d. 1813)
• 1756  - John Loudon McAdam, Scottish engineer (d. 1836)^[12]
• 1771  - Emperor Kōkaku of Japan (d. 1840)
• 1778  - Mariano Moreno, Argentinian journalist, lawyer, and politician (d. 1811)
• 1781  - Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (d. 1860)
• 1791  - Johann Franz Encke, German astronomer and academic (d. 1865)
• 1791  - Theodor Körner, German soldier and author (d. 1813)
• 1800  - William Holmes McGuffey, American author and academic (d. 1873)
• 1819  - Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist and academic (d. 1896)
• 1823  - John Colton, English-Australian politician, 13th Premier of South Australia (d. 1902)
• 1838  - Victoria Woodhull, American journalist and activist (d. 1927)
• 1851  - Ellen Hayes, American mathematician and astronomer (d. 1930)
• 1852  - James Carroll Beckwith, American painter and academic (d. 1917)
• 1852  - William Stewart Halsted, American physician and surgeon (d. 1922)
• 1853  - Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen (d. 1923)
• 1861  - Robert Bosch, German engineer and businessman, founded Robert Bosch GmbH (d. 1942)
• 1863  - Mary Church Terrell, American author and activist (d. 1954)
• 1865  - Pekka Halonen, Finnish painter (d. 1933)
• 1865  - Emma Orczy, Hungarian-English author and playwright (d. 1947)
• 1865  - Suzanne Valadon, French model and painter (d. 1938)
• 1867  - John Lomax, American teacher, musicologist, and folklorist (d. 1948)
• 1869  - Mary Mallon, American cook and typhoid carrier (d. 1938)^[13]
• 1876  - Moshe Zvi Segal, Israeli rabbi and scholar (d. 1968)
• 1880  - John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron Boyd-Orr, Scottish biologist, physician, and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
• 1889  - Walter Lippmann, American journalist and publisher, co-founded The New Republic (d. 1974)
• 1890  - Friedrich Paulus, German general (d. 1957)
• 1895  - Miron Merzhanov, Russian architect and engineer (d. 1975)
• 1895  - Johnny Mokan, American baseball player (d. 1985)
• 1897  - Paul Delvaux, Belgian painter (d. 1994)
• 1897  - Walter Pidgeon, Canadian-American actor and singer (d. 1984)
• 1898  - Les Haylen, Australian journalist and politician (d. 1977)
• 1899  - Tom C. Clark, American lawyer and judge, 59th Attorney General of the United States (d. 1977)
• 1899  - Louise Nevelson, American sculptor (d. 1988)
• 1900  - Bill Stone, English soldier (d. 2009)

1901–present

• 1901  - Jaroslav Seifert, Czech poet and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
• 1902  - Su Buqing, Chinese mathematician and academic (d. 2003)
• 1903  - Cec Fifield, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 1957)
• 1904  - Arthur Folwell, English-Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator (d. 1966)
• 1906  - Charles Ritchie, Canadian diplomat, High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
• 1907  - Tiny Bradshaw, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1958)
• 1907  - Anne Desclos, French journalist and author (d. 1998)^[14]
• 1907  - Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza (d. 1976)
• 1908  - Ramdhari Singh Dinkar, Indian poet, academic, and politician (d. 1974)
• 1909  - Lorenc Antoni, Kosovo-Albanian composer and conductor (d. 1991)
• 1910  - Jakob Streit, Swiss anthroposophist and author (d. 2009)
• 1911  - Frank Moss, American lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
• 1912  - Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Pakistani linguist, author, and critic (d. 2005)
• 1912  - Tony Smith, American sculptor and educator (d. 1980)
• 1913  - Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish painter and sculptor (d. 2007)
• 1915  - Julius Baker, American flute player and educator (d. 2003)
• 1915  - Clifford Shull, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
• 1916  - Aldo Moro, Italian academic and politician, 39th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1978)
• 1917  - El Santo, Mexican Luchador enmascarado, film actor, and folk icon (d. 1984)
• 1917  - Asima Chatterjee, Indian chemist (d. 2006)
• 1920  - Mickey Rooney, American actor, singer, director, and producer (d. 2014)
• 1923  - Mohamed Hassanein Heikal, Egyptian journalist (d. 2016)
• 1923  - Vello Helk, Estonian-Danish historian and author (d. 2014)
• 1924  - Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan journalist and publisher (d. 1978)
• 1925  - Denis C. Twitchett, English historian and scholar (d. 2006)
• 1926  - André Cassagnes, French toy maker, created the Etch A Sketch (d. 2013)
• 1926  - John Coltrane, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1967)
• 1928  - Frank Foster, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2011)
• 1928  - Roger Grimsby, American journalist and actor (d. 1995)
• 1930  - Sehba Akhtar, Pakistani poet and songwriter (d. 1996)
• 1930  - Colin Blakely, Northern Irish actor (d. 1987)
• 1930  - Ray Charles, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (d. 2004)
• 1931  - Hilly Kristal, American businessman, founded CBGB (d. 2007)
• 1931  - Stan Lynde, American author and illustrator (d. 2013)
• 1931  - Gerald Merrithew, Canadian educator and politician (d. 2004)
• 1932  - Georg Keßler, German footballer and manager
• 1933  - Lloyd J. Old, American immunologist and academic (d. 2011)
• 1934  - Per Olov Enquist, Swedish journalist, author, and playwright (d. 2020)
• 1935  - Prem Chopra, Pakistani-Indian actor
• 1935  - Les McCann, American soul-jazz singer and pianist (d. 2023)
• 1935  - Ron Tindall, English-Australian footballer, cricketer, and manager (d. 2012)
• 1936  - George Eastham, English footballer
• 1936  - Valentín Paniagua, Peruvian lawyer and politician, 91st President of Peru (d. 2006)
• 1936  - Sylvain Saudan, Swiss skier
• 1936  - Tareq Suheimat, Jordanian physician, general, and politician (d. 2014)
• 1937  - Jacques Poulin, Canadian author and translator
• 1938  - Romy Schneider, German-French actress (d. 1982)
• 1939  - Henry Blofeld, English cricketer and journalist
• 1939  - Roy Buchanan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1988)
• 1939  - Joan Hanham, Baroness Hanham, English politician
• 1939  - Sonny Vaccaro, American businessman
• 1940  - Michel Temer, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 25th Vice President of Brazil
• 1940  - Dick Thornett, Australian rugby player and water polo player (d. 2011)
• 1941  - George Jackson, American activist and author, co-founded the Black Guerrilla Family (d. 1971)
• 1941  - Simon Nolet, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1941  - Norma Winstone, English singer-songwriter
• 1942  - Sila María Calderón, Puerto Rican-American businesswoman and politician, 12th Secretary of State of Puerto Rico
• 1942  - Colin Low, Baron Low of Dalston, Scottish scholar and politician
• 1942  - David Renneberg, Australian cricketer
• 1943  - Julio Iglesias, Spanish singer-songwriter^[15]
• 1943  - Marty Schottenheimer, American football player and coach (d. 2021)
• 1944  - Eric Bogle, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1945  - Igor Ivanov, Russian politician and diplomat, Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1945  - Alan Old, English rugby player
• 1945  - Paul Petersen, American actor, singer, author, and activist
• 1946  - Franz Fischler, Austrian politician
• 1946  - Bernard Maris, French economist and journalist (d. 2015)
• 1946  - Genista McIntosh, Baroness McIntosh, English politician
• 1946  - Davorin Popović, Bosnian singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
• 1946  - Anne Wheeler, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1947  - Christian Bordeleau, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1947  - Mary Kay Place, American actress
• 1947  - Neal Smith, American drummer and songwriter
• 1948  - Dan Toler, American guitarist (d. 2013)
• 1949  - Floella Benjamin, Trinidadian-English actress, academic, and politician
• 1949  - Bruce Springsteen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1949  - Kostas Tournas, Greek singer-songwriter
• 1950  - George Garzone, American saxophonist and educator
• 1951  - Steven Springer, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2012)
• 1952  - Mark Bego, American author
• 1952  - Anshuman Gaekwad, Indian cricketer
• 1952  - Dennis Lamp, American baseball player
• 1952  - Kim Duk-soo, Korean musician^[16]
• 1952  - Jim Morrison, American baseball player and manager
• 1953  - Nicholas Witchell, English journalist
• 1954  - Charlie Barnett, American actor (d. 1996)
• 1954  - Cherie Blair, English lawyer and academic
• 1956  - Peter David, American author, actor, and screenwriter
• 1956  - Tom Hogan, Australian cricketer
• 1956  - Paolo Rossi, Italian footballer (d. 2020)
• 1957  - Rosalind Chao, American actress
• 1958  - Danielle Dax, English singer-songwriter and producer
• 1958  - Khaled El Sheikh, Bahraini singer-songwriter
• 1958  - Tony Fossas, Cuban-American baseball player and coach
• 1958  - Marvin Lewis, American football player and coach
• 1958  - Larry Mize, American golfer
• 1959  - Jason Alexander, American actor, singer, and voice artist
• 1959  - Frank Cottrell-Boyce, English author and screenwriter
• 1959  - Hans Nijman, Dutch mixed martial artist and wrestler (d. 2014)
• 1959  - Chris O'Sullivan, Australian rugby league player
• 1959  - Elizabeth Peña, American actress (d. 2014)
• 1959  - Karen Pierce, English diplomat
• 1960  - Kurt Beyer, American wrestler
• 1960  - Luis Moya, Spanish race car driver
• 1961  - Chi McBride, American actor
• 1961  - William C. McCool, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003)
• 1962  - Deborah Orr, Scottish journalist (d. 2019)^[17]
• 1963  - Anne-Marie Cadieux, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
• 1963  - Alex Proyas, Egyptian-Australian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1964  - Clayton Blackmore, Welsh footballer and manager
• 1964  - Josefa Idem, German-born Italian kayaker^[18]
• 1964  - Koshi Inaba, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1964  - Larry Krystkowiak, American basketball player and coach
• 1964  - Katie Mitchell, English director and producer
• 1964  - Julian Parkhill, English biologist and academic
• 1964  - Bill Phillips, American businessman and author
• 1965  - Mark Woodforde, Australian tennis player and sportscaster
• 1966  - Pete Harnisch, American baseball player and coach
• 1967  - LisaRaye McCoy, American actress, model, fashion designer, and First Lady of the Turks and Caicos Islands^[19]
• 1967  - Chris Wilder, English footballer and manager
• 1968  - Yvette Fielding, English actress and producer
• 1968  - Adam Price, Welsh politician
• 1969  - Donald Audette, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1969  - Patrick Fiori, French singer-songwriter
• 1969  - Jan Suchopárek, Czech footballer and manager
• 1970  - Adrian Brunker, Australian rugby player
• 1970  - Lucia Cifarelli, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
• 1970  - Ani DiFranco, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1970  - Giorgos Koltsidas, Greek footballer
• 1971  - Moin Khan, Pakistani cricketer and coach
• 1971  - Eric Montross, American basketball player and sportscaster (d. 2023)
• 1971  - Sean Spicer, American political aide, 30th White House Press Secretary
• 1972  - Sam Bettens, Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1972  - Alistair Campbell, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1972  - Jermaine Dupri, American rapper and producer
• 1972  - Karl Pilkington, English actor and producer
• 1973  - Ingrid Fliter, Argentinian pianist
• 1973  - Vangelis Krios, Greek footballer and coach
• 1974  - Ben Duckworth, Australian rugby league player
• 1974  - Matt Hardy, American wrestler
• 1974  - Layzie Bone, American rapper
• 1975  - Kim Dong-moon, South Korean badminton player
• 1975  - Chris Hawkins, English journalist and producer
• 1975  - Eric Miller, Irish rugby player, footballer, and coach
• 1975  - Vitali Yeremeyev, Kazakhstani ice hockey player^[20]
• 1976  - Sarah Blasko, Australian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1976  - Robert James-Collier, English actor^[21]
• 1976  - Kip Pardue, American actor and model
• 1976  - Valeriy Sydorenko, Ukrainian boxer
• 1976  - Volodymyr Sydorenko, Ukrainian boxer
• 1977  - Matthieu Descoteaux, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977  - Dmitri Kulikov, Estonian footballer
• 1977  - Fabio Ongaro, Italian rugby player
• 1977  - Rachael Yamagata, American singer-songwriter and pianist^[22]
• 1978  - Benjamin Curtis, American guitarist, drummer, and songwriter (d. 2013)
• 1978  - Anthony Mackie, American actor
• 1979  - Ricky Davis, American basketball player
• 1979  - Bryant McKinnie, American football player
• 1979  - Fábio Simplício, Brazilian footballer
• 1979  - Lote Tuqiri, Fijian-Australian rugby player
• 1981  - Robert Doornbos, Dutch racing driver
• 1981  - Helen Richardson-Walsh, English field hockey player
• 1982  - Mait Künnap, Estonian tennis player
• 1982  - Shyla Stylez, Canadian pornographic actress (d. 2017)
• 1983  - Shane del Rosario, American mixed martial artist and kick-boxer (d. 2013)
• 1983  - Joffrey Lupul, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984  - Patrick Ehelechner, German ice hockey player
• 1984  - Matt Kemp, American baseball player
• 1984  - Anneliese van der Pol, Dutch-American entertainer^[23]
• 1985  - Joba Chamberlain, American baseball player^[24]
• 1985  - Chris Johnson, American football player^[25]
• 1985  - Cush Jumbo, British actress
• 1985  - Lukáš Kašpar, Czech ice hockey player
• 1985  - Hasan Minhaj, American comedian, actor, and television host
• 1986  - Martin Cranie, English footballer
• 1986  - Chris Volstad, American baseball player^[26]
• 1987  - Skylar Astin, American actor and singer
• 1988  - Juan Martín del Potro, Argentinian tennis player^[27]
• 1988  - Kairi Sane, Japanese wrestler^[28]
• 1988  - Yannick Weber, Swiss ice hockey player
• 1989  - Brandon Jennings, American basketball player
• 1989  - Taniela Lasalo, Australian rugby league player
• 1991  - Lee Alexander, Scottish footballer^[29]
• 1991  - Key, South Korean singer and entertainer^[30]
• 1991  - Melanie Oudin, American tennis player^[31]
• 1992  - Angel Garza, Mexican wrestler^[32]
• 1993  - Petteri Lindbohm, Finnish ice hockey player^[33]
• 1994  - Lee Mi-joo, South Korean singer and entertainer^[34]
• 1996  - Napheesa Collier, American basketball player^[35]
• 1997  - John Collins, American basketball player^[36]
• 1999  - Song Yu-qi, Chinese singer^[37]

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 788  - Ælfwald I, king of Northumbria
• 965  - Al-Mutanabbi, Arab poet (b. 915)
• 1193  - Robert de Sablé, French knight
• 1241  - Snorri Sturluson, Icelandic historian, poet, and politician (b. 1178)
• 1253  - Wenceslaus I of Bohemia
• 1267  - Beatrice of Provence, countess regnant of Provence (b. 1234)
• 1386  - Dan I of Wallachia
• 1390  - John I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1346)
• 1448  - Adolph I, Duke of Cleves (b. 1373)
• 1461  - Charles, Prince of Viana, King of Navarre (b. 1421)
• 1508  - Beatrice of Naples, queen consort of Hungary (b. 1457)
• 1535  - Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1513)
• 1571  - John Jewel, English bishop (b. 1522)
• 1573  - Azai Hisamasa, Japanese warlord (b. 1524)

1601–1900

• 1605  - Pontus de Tyard, French priest and poet (b. 1521)
• 1675  - Valentin Conrart, French author, founded the Académie française (b. 1603)
• 1728  - Christian Thomasius, German jurist and philosopher (b. 1655)
• 1738  - Herman Boerhaave, Dutch botanist and physician (b. 1668)
• 1764  - Robert Dodsley, English poet and playwright (b. 1703)
• 1773  - Johan Ernst Gunnerus, Norwegian bishop and botanist (b. 1718)
• 1789  - John Rogers, American lawyer and politician (b. 1723)
• 1835  - Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (b. 1801)
• 1851  - Émilie Gamelin, Canadian nun, founded the Sisters of Providence (b. 1800)^[38]
• 1846  - John Ainsworth Horrocks, English-Australian explorer (b. 1818)
• 1850  - José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan general and politician (b. 1764)
• 1870  - Prosper Mérimée, French archaeologist and historian (b. 1803)
• 1871  - Louis-Joseph Papineau, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1786)
• 1873  - Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (b. 1823)
• 1877  - Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1811)
• 1889  - Wilkie Collins, English novelist, short story writer, and playwright (b. 1824)
• 1896  - Emmanuel Benner, French artist (b. 1836)^[39]
• 1900  - William Marsh Rice, American businessman, founded Rice University (b. 1816)

1901–present

• 1913  - Donato Álvarez, Argentinian general (b. 1825)
• 1917  - Werner Voss, German lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
• 1929  - Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian-German chemist, physicist, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
• 1939  - Sigmund Freud, Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (b. 1856)
• 1939  - Francisco León de la Barra, Mexican politician and diplomat, interim president, 1911 (b. 1863)^[40]
• 1940  - Hale Holden, American businessman (b. 1869)
• 1943  - Elinor Glyn, English author, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1864)
• 1944  - Jakob Schaffner, Swiss author and critic (b. 1875)
• 1950  - Sam Barry, American basketball player and coach (b. 1892)
• 1951  - Siegfried Bettmann, German engineer (b. 1863)^[41]
• 1958  - Jacob Nicol, Canadian publisher, lawyer, and politician (b. 1876)
• 1967  - Stanislaus Zbyszko, Polish wrestler and strongman (b. 1879)
• 1968  - Pio of Pietrelcina, Italian priest and saint (b. 1887)
• 1971  - James Waddell Alexander II, American mathematician and topologist (b. 1888)
• 1973  - Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
• 1974  - Cliff Arquette, American actor and comedian (b. 1905)
• 1974  - Robbie McIntosh, Scottish drummer (b. 1950)
• 1978  - Lyman Bostock, American baseball player (b. 1950)
• 1979  - Catherine Lacey, English actress (b. 1904)
• 1981  - Chief Dan George, Canadian actor, author, and poet (b. 1899)^[42]
• 1987  - Bob Fosse, American actor, dancer, choreographer, and director (b. 1927)
• 1988  - Tibor Sekelj, Hungarian-Serbian explorer and author (b. 1912)
• 1992  - Ivar Ivask, Estonian poet and scholar (b. 1927)
• 1992  - Glendon Swarthout, American author and academic (b. 1918)
• 1992  - James Van Fleet, American general (b. 1892)
• 1994  - Jerry Barber, American golfer (b. 1916)
• 1994  - Robert Bloch, American author and screenwriter (b. 1917)
• 1994  - Madeleine Renaud, French actress (b. 1900)
• 1997  - Natalie Savage Carlson, American author (b. 1906)
• 1998  - Ray Bowden, English footballer (b. 1909)
• 1998  - Mary Frann, American actress (b. 1943)
• 1999  - Ivan Goff, Australian-American screenwriter and producer (b. 1910)
• 2000  - Aurelio Rodríguez, Mexican baseball player and manager (b. 1947)
• 2000  - Carl Rowan, American journalist and author (b. 1925)
• 2000  - Raoul Berger, American attorney and law professor (b. 1901)
• 2001  - Ron Hewitt, Welsh footballer (b. 1928)
• 2003  - Yuri Senkevich, Russian physician and journalist (b. 1937)
• 2004  - Billy Reay, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
• 2005  - Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, Puerto Rican activist (b. 1933)
• 2006  - Malcolm Arnold, English trumpet player and composer (b. 1921)
• 2006  - Etta Baker, American singer and guitarist (b. 1913)
• 2008  - Peter Leonard, Australian journalist (b. 1942)
• 2008  - Loren Pope, American journalist and author (b. 1910)
• 2009  - Paul B. Fay, American sailor and politician, United States Secretary of the Navy (b. 1918)
• 2010  - Malcolm Douglas, Australian hunter and television host (b. 1941)
• 2012  - Henry Champ, Canadian journalist and academic (b. 1937)
• 2012  - Pavel Grachev, Russian general and politician, 1st Minister of Defence for Russia (b. 1948)
• 2012  - Roberto Rodríguez, Venezuelan baseball player and coach (b. 1941)
• 2012  - Corrie Sanders, South African boxer (b. 1966)
• 2012  - Sam Sniderman, Canadian businessman, founded Sam the Record Man (b. 1920)
• 2013  - Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj, Syrian colonel and politician (b. 1925)
• 2013  - Gil Dozier, American captain, lawyer, and politician (b. 1934)
• 2013  - Ruth Patrick, American botanist and immunologist (b. 1907)
• 2014  - A. W. Davis, American basketball player and coach (b. 1943)
• 2014  - Irven DeVore, American anthropologist and biologist (b. 1934)
• 2014  - Don Manoukian, American football player and wrestler (b. 1934)
• 2014  - Al Suomi, American ice hockey player and referee (b. 1913)
• 2015  - Dayananda Saraswati, Indian monk and philosopher (b. 1930)
• 2018  - Charles Kuen Kao, Hong Kong-American-British electrical engineer and physicist (b. 1933)^[43]
• 2018  - Gary Kurtz, American film producer (b. 1940)^[44]
• 2018  - Jane Fortune, American author, journalist, and philanthropist (b.1942)^[45]
• 2020  - Juliette Gréco, French singer and actress (b. 1927)^[46]
• 2021  - John Elliott, Australian businessman (b. 1941)^[47]
• 2021  - Nino Vaccarella, Italian race car driver (b. 1933)^[48]

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Adomnán^[49]
  • Cissa of Crowland (or of Northumbria)
  • Padre Pio
  • Pope Linus
  • Sossius
  • Thecla (Roman Catholic Church)
  • Xanthippe and Polyxena
  • September 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Grito de Lares (Puerto Rico)
• Holocaust Memorial Day (Lithuania)
• Kyrgyz Language Day (Kyrgyzstan)
• National Day (Saudi Arabia)
• Teachers' Day (Brunei)
• Celebrate Bisexuality Day (bisexual community)^[50]
• International Day of Sign Languages^[51]

External links

• Web site: On This Day . BBC.
  • Web site: Historical Events on September 23 . OnThisDay.com.

Notes and References

1. Book: Legrand, Jacques. Chronicle of the World. Ecam Publication. 1989. 210. 0-13-133463-8.
2. Book: Castex, Jean-Claude . Dictionnaire des batailles navales franco-anglaises . Presses de l'Université Laval . 2004 . 21. 9782763780610 .
3. Edward Hall. The Union of The Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre & Yorke (1548; reprinted as Hall's Chronicle 1809; quoted in English Heritage Battlefield Report: Blore Heath 1459)
4. Book: Daniel, Clifton. Chronicle of America. Chronicle publication. 1989. 31. 0-13-133745-9.
5. Book: Naravane, M.S. . Battles of the Honorable East India Company . A.P.H. Publishing Corporation . 2014 . 9788131300343 . 69–71.
6. News: Moment aniversar de referință: Societatea de Cultură Macedo-Română împlinește 140 de ani de la înființare. S-bâneadzâ Armânamea!. Ionuț. Băiaș. HotNews. 20 September 2019. ro.
7. La minería aurífera en la región austral americana (1869-1950). Historia. Martinic Beros. Mateo. 36. 10.4067/S0717-71942003003600009. 2003. 31 January 2024 . Spanish. Mateo Martinic.
8. 'From the Eye to the Soul': Industrial Labor's Mary Harris "Mother" Jones and the Rhetorics of Display . Boor Tonn . Mari . 144700584 . 23064465 . Rhetoric Society Quarterly . . 41 . 3 . 231–249. 2011 . 10.1080/02773945.2011.575325.
9. Web site: Finnish college gunman kills 10 . BBC News . 23 September 2020 . 23 September 2008.
10. Web site: BBC - History - Augustus . BBC . 5 April 2021.
11. Encyclopedia: Commire, Anne. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. 6. 2000. Yorkin Publications, Gale Group. Waterford. 978-0-78764-065-1. 364.
12. Book: Damon Greenleaf Douglas. John Loudon McAdam, His Contributions to Highway Technology. 1962. Cornell Univ. 36.
13. News: 'Typhoid Mary' Dies Of A Stroke At 68. Carrier of Disease, Blamed for 51 Cases and 3 Deaths, but Immune. November 12, 1938. The New York Times. February 28, 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20110605105457/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10D15FE3859117389DDAB0994D9415B888FF1D3. June 5, 2011. dead.
14. Book: Flower . John . Historical Dictionary of French Literature . 17 January 2013 . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-7945-4 . 44–45 . en.
15. Web site: Rose . Mike . Today's famous birthdays list for September 23, 2022 includes celebrities Bruce Springsteen, Jason Alexander . . . 22 September 2023 . 23 September 2022.
16. Web site: Boram . Kim . 2020-05-11 . Korean 'samulnori' master Kim Duk-soo stars in biographical musical . 2023-10-20 . Yonhap News Agency . en.
17. Web site: Remembering Deborah Orr, the columnist whose writing was charged with energy and integrity . The Independent . 23 September 2020 . en . 22 October 2019.
18. Web site: Josefa Idem. International Olympic Committee. 23 April 2020.
19. Web site: Famous birthdays for Sept. 23: Jermaine Dupri, Mary Kay Place . . 22 September 2023 . 23 September 2022.
20. Web site: Vitali Yeremeyev . . 22 September 2023.
21. https://www.examinerlive.co.uk/news/west-yorkshire-news/life-downton-abbey-former-huddersfield-4942167 My life in Downton Abbey by former Huddersfield student Rob James-Collier
22. Web site: Rachael Yamagata . BBC Music . September 27, 2018.
23. Web site: TV.com Biography . 2010-08-29 . TV.com.
24. Web site: Joba Chamberlain . . 22 September 2023.
25. Web site: Chris Johnson . . 22 September 2023.
26. Web site: Chris Volstad . . 22 September 2023.
27. Web site: Juan Martin del Potro. ATP. 22 October 2020.
28. Web site: Kairi Sane . . 22 September 2023 . 7 October 2019.
29. Web site: Lee Alexander - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 27 April 2020.
30. Book: Russell, Mark . K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution . April 29, 2014 . Tuttle Publishing . 978-1-4629-1411-1 . 67 . December 24, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160527064350/https://books.google.com/books?id=etDZAwAAQBAJ . May 27, 2016 . live.
31. Web site: Melanie Oudin. WTA. 22 October 2020.
32. Web site: Angel Garza . . 22 September 2023 . 1 May 2020.
33. Web site: Petteri Lindbohm . . 22 September 2023.
34. Web site: Lovelyz - About. Lovelyz Official Website. 22 February 2022.
35. Web site: Napheesa Collier . . 22 September 2023.
36. Web site: John Collins . . 22 September 2023.
37. Web site: 2019-02-15 . 宋雨琦个人资料简介 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200424150725/https://www.ijq.tv/mingxing/15502108015716.html . April 24, 2020 . 2019-03-15 . IJQ.tv.
38. Book: Francess G.. Halpenny. Jean. Hamel. Dictionary of Canadian Biography / Dictionaire Biographique du Canada: Volume VII, 1836 - 1850. Toronto. University of Toronto Press. 1990. 978-0-80203-461-8. 1033.
39. Web site: Oberlé . Raymond . BENNER Emmanuel . alsace-histoire.org . 1983.
40. Web site: Francisco León de la Barra. Presidentes.mx. May 28, 2019. es.
41. Web site: On This Day In Automotive History Motoring. 365 Days Of Motoring. 23 September 1951 .
42. Book: Berumen . Frank Javier Garcia . American Indian Image Makers of Hollywood . 2020 . McFarland . 9781476636474 . 187–188.
43. Web site: Physics Nobel laureate Charles Kao dies after long battle with Alzheimer's. 2018-09-24. The Standard.
44. Web site: Gary Kurtz . www.bafta.org . 5 April 2021 . en . 20 November 2018.
45. Web site: Jane Fortune, an author and philanthropist who championed women artists, has died at 76.. Artsy News. 25 September 2018 . 2018-09-26.
46. News: Obituary: Juliette Gréco dies aged 93. 2020-09-23. BBC News. 2020-10-23.
47. News: Long-time Carlton president John Elliott dead aged 79 . 23 September 2021 . Fox Sports . 23 September 2021 . en.
48. Web site: Tobin . Dominic . September 23, 2021 . Targa Florio hero Nino Vaccarella dies aged 88 . March 4, 2022 . MotorSport.
49. Book: Cooper . J. C. . Dictionary of Christianity . 2013 . Abingdon, Oxon . 9781315074047 . 2.
50. Web site: Bisexuality Day Celebrated. Long Beach Post News. 23 September 2008 . 2020-09-07.
51. Web site: Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2017. eSubscription to United Nations Documents. 2020-09-23.