| Unit Name: | 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment (1941–1943)----54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment (1943–1960)----54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO (1960–1992)----54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment (1992–2002)----3958th Air Base (2002–2005)----3958th Guards Air Base (2005–2011)----Aviation Squadron of the State Center for Training of Aviation Personnel and Combat Testing (2011–present) |
| Dates: | 1941–present |
| Country: | |
| Branch: | |
| Type: | Fighter Aviation regiment (air base from 2002, squadron from 2011) |
| Garrison: | Savasleyka (air base) (1992–present) |
| Battles: | World War II |
| Battle Honours: | Kerch |
The 54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment ((54 GIAP); Military Unit Number 06931) was an aviation regiment of the Soviet Air Forces during World War II and the Cold War, which became part of the Soviet Air Defense Forces and the Russian Aerospace Forces.
The 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment began forming in May 1941. It began the war at Varėna outside Pskov in the Baltic Special Military District as part of the 57th Mixed Aviation Division.[1] From August 1942 the regiment served in combat with the 220th Fighter Aviation Division. On 3 February 1943 the regiment became the 54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment and the division became the 1st Guards Fighter Aviation Division, mostly fighting as part of the 16th Air Army.
After the end of the war, the regiment received the Bell P-63 Kingcobra. It was based at Vaiņode in the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic. The 54th Guards received the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 in 1950 and the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 in 1956. It became part of the Soviet Air Defense Forces' 27th Air Defense Corps after the 1st Guards Division headquarters disbanded in 1960. In 1967, the 54th Guards became one of the first regiments equipped with the Sukhoi Su-15 interceptor, and received the Su-15TM in the late 1970s. In 1987, the 54th Guards received the Sukhoi Su-27. By November 1990, according to CFE Treaty data, the regiment fielded 38 Su-27s.
In November 1992, under the command of Colonel Ye. A. Tikhomirov, the regiment was relocated to Savasleyka. On 1 September 2002, it was reorganized as the 3958th Air Base, part of the 4th Center for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel. On 26 March 2005, the honors of the 54th Guards were transferred to the 3958th, which became the 3958th Guards Air Base. In early 2011, the base became the Aviation Squadron of the State Center for Training of Aviation Personnel and Combat Testing after the 4th Center was redesignated.[2]
| May 1941 | July 1941 | Polikarpov I-153 | ||
| July 1941 | 1943 | Yakovlev Yak-1 | ||
| July 1943 | Bell P-39 Airacobra | |||
| 1950 | Bell P-63 Kingcobra | |||
| July 1949 | 1950 | Lavochkin La-9 | ||
| November 1950 | 1953 | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 | ||
| 1953 | 1967 | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 | ||
| 1955 | 1967 | Yakovlev Yak-25 | Yak-25M | |
| 1967 | 1987 | Sukhoi Su-15 | Su-15TM | |
| 1987 | 2002 | Sukhoi Su-27 | ||
| 1994 | 2002 | Mikoyan MiG-31 |