20th Canadian Parliament explained

Jurisdiction:	CA
#:	20th
Type:	Minority
Status:	inactive
Term-Begin:	1945-09-06
Term-End:	1949-04-30
Houseimage:	Chambre des Communes 1945.png
Members:	245
Sc:	Gaspard Fauteux
Scterm:	6 September 1945 – 14 September 1949
Pm:	William Lyon Mackenzie King
Ministry:	16th Canadian Ministry
Pm-Begin:	1935-10-23
Pm-End:	1948-11-15
Pm2:	Louis St. Laurent
Ministry2:	17th Canadian Ministry
Pm-Begin2:	1948-11-15
Pm-End2:	1957-06-21
Lo:	John Bracken
Loterm:	11 June 1945 – 20 July 1948
Lo2:	George A. Drew
Loterm2:	2 October 1948 – 1 November 1954
Ghl:	Ian Alistair Mackenzie
Ghlterm:	14 October 1944 – 30 April 1948
Ghl2:	Alphonse Fournier
Ghlterm2:	1 May 1948 – 9 May 1953
Ss:	James Horace King
Ssterm:	24 August 1945 – 2 August 1949
Gsl:	Wishart McLea Robertson
Gslterm:	24 August 1945 – 14 October 1953
Osl:	Charles Colquhoun Ballantyne
Oslterm:	16 January 1942 – 11 September 1945
Osl2:	John Thomas Haig
Oslterm2:	12 September 1945 – 20 June 1957
Party:	Liberal Party
Party2:	Progressive Conservative Party
Unrecparty1:	Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
Unrecparty2:	Social Credit Party
Unrecparty3:	Bloc populaire
Unrecparty4:	Labor-Progressive Party
Sessionbegin:	6 September 1945
Sessionend:	18 December 1945
Sessionbegin2:	14 March 1946
Sessionend2:	31 August 1946
Sessionbegin3:	30 January 1947
Sessionend3:	17 July 1947
Sessionbegin4:	5 December 1947
Sessionend4:	30 June 1948
Sessionbegin5:	29 January 1949
Sessionend5:	30 April 1949
Monarchterm:	11 December 1936 - 6 February 1952
Viceroy:	Alexander Cambridge
Viceroyterm:	21 June 1940 – 12 April 1946
Viceroy2:	Harold Alexander
Viceroyterm2:	12 April 1946 – 28 January 1952
Lastparl:	19th
Nextparl:	21st

The 20th Canadian Parliament was in session from 6 September 1945, until 30 April 1949. The membership was set by the 1945 federal election on 11 June 1945, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1949 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party minority first under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 16th Canadian Ministry, and later a majority under Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent and the 17th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the newly named Progressive Conservative Party, led first by John Bracken and later by George Drew.

The Speaker was Gaspard Fauteux. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1933-1947 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

In this parliament, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, led by M. J. Coldwell, overtook the Social Credit as third largest party.

There were five sessions of the 20th Parliament.

List of members

Following is a full list of members of the twentieth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.Party leaders are italicized.Parliamentary assistants is indicated by "".Cabinet ministers are in boldface.The Prime Minister is both.The Speaker is indicated by "".

Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.

Alberta

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Acadia			Victor Quelch	Social Credit	1935
Athabaska			Joseph Miville Dechene	Liberal	1940
Battle River			Robert Fair	Social Credit	1935
Bow River			Charles Edward Johnston	Social Credit	1935
Calgary East			Douglas Harkness	Progressive Conservative	1945
Calgary West			Arthur LeRoy Smith	Progressive Conservative	1945
Camrose			James Alexander Marshall	Social Credit	1935
Edmonton East			Patrick Harvey Ashby	Social Credit	1945
Edmonton West			James Angus MacKinnon	Liberal	1935
Jasper—Edson			Walter Frederick Kuhl	Social Credit	1935
Lethbridge			John Horne Blackmore	Social Credit	1935
Macleod			Ernest George Hansell	Social Credit	1935
Medicine Hat			William Duncan Wylie	Social Credit	1945
Peace River			Solon Earl Low	Social Credit	1945
Red Deer			Frederick Davis Shaw	Social Credit	1940
Vegreville			Anthony Hlynka	Social Credit	1940
Wetaskiwin			Norman Jaques	Social Credit	1935

British Columbia

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Cariboo			William Irvine	CCF	1921, 1926, 1945
Comox—Alberni			John Lambert Gibson	Independent Liberal	1945
Fraser Valley			George Cruickshank	Liberal	1940
Kamloops			Davie Fulton	Progressive Conservative	1945
Kootenay East			James Herbert Matthews	CCF	1945
Kootenay West			Herbert Wilfred Herridge	Independent CCF	1945
Nanaimo			George Pearkes	Progressive Conservative	1945
New Westminster				Liberal	1930
Skeena			Harry Archibald	CCF	1945
Vancouver—Burrard			Charles Merritt	Progressive Conservative	1945
Vancouver Centre			Ian Alistair Mackenzie (until 19 January 1948 Senate appointment)	Liberal	1930
Vancouver Centre			Rodney Young (by-election of 8 June 1948)	CCF	1948
Vancouver East			Angus MacInnis	CCF	1930
Vancouver North				Liberal	1940
Vancouver South			Howard Charles Green	Progressive Conservative	1935
Victoria			Robert Mayhew	Liberal	1937
Yale			Grote Stirling (resigned 21 October 1947)	Progressive Conservative	1924
Yale			Owen Jones (by-election of 31 May 1948)	CCF	1948

Manitoba

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Brandon			James Ewen Matthews	Liberal	1938
Churchill			Ronald Stewart Moore	CCF	1945
Dauphin			Fred Zaplitny	CCF	1945
Lisgar			Howard Winkler	Liberal	1935
Macdonald			William Gilbert Weir	Liberal-Progressive	1930
Marquette			James Allison Glen (resigned 4 November 1948)	Liberal	1926, 1935
Marquette			Stuart Garson (by-election of 20 December 1948)	Liberal	1948
Neepawa			John Bracken	Progressive Conservative	1945
Portage la Prairie			Harry Leader (died 9 May 1946)	Liberal	1921, 1935
Portage la Prairie			Calvert Charlton Miller (by-election of 21 October 1946)	Progressive Conservative	1946
Provencher			René Jutras	Liberal	1940
Selkirk			William Bryce	CCF	1943
Souris			J. Arthur Ross	Progressive Conservative	1940
Springfield			John Sinnott	Liberal	1945
St. Boniface			Fernand Viau	Liberal	1945
Winnipeg North			Alistair Stewart	CCF	1940
Winnipeg North Centre			Stanley Knowles	CCF	1942
Winnipeg South				Liberal	1935
Winnipeg South Centre				Liberal	1935

New Brunswick

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Charlotte			A. Wesley Stuart	Liberal	1945
Gloucester			Clovis-Thomas Richard	Liberal	1945
Kent			Aurel Léger	Liberal	1940
Northumberland			John William Maloney	Liberal	1945
Restigouche—Madawaska			Benoît Michaud	Liberal	1945
Royal			Alfred Johnson Brooks	Progressive Conservative	1935
St. John—Albert			King Hazen	Progressive Conservative	1940
Victoria—Carleton			Heber Harold Hatfield	Progressive Conservative	1940
Westmorland			Henry Read Emmerson	Liberal	1935
York—Sunbury			Hedley Francis Gregory Bridges (died in office)	Liberal	1945
York—Sunbury			Milton Fowler Gregg (by-election of 20 October 1947)	Liberal	1947

Nova Scotia

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Antigonish—Guysborough			J. Ralph Kirk	Liberal	1936
Cape Breton North and Victoria			Matthew MacLean	Liberal	1937
Cape Breton South			Clarence Gillis	CCF	1940
Colchester—Hants			Frank Thomas Stanfield	Progressive Conservative	1945
Cumberland			Percy Chapman Black	Progressive Conservative	1940
Digby—Annapolis—Kings			James Lorimer Ilsley (resigned 27 October 1948)	Liberal	1926
Digby—Annapolis—Kings			George Nowlan (by-election of 13 December 1948)	Progressive Conservative	1948
Halifax			Gordon Benjamin Isnor	Liberal	1935
			William Chisholm Macdonald (died 19 November 1946)	Liberal	1940
			John Dickey (by-election of 14 July 1947, replaces Macdonald)	Liberal	1947
Inverness—Richmond			Moses Elijah McGarry	Liberal	1940
Pictou			Henry Byron McCulloch	Liberal	1935
Queens—Lunenburg			Robert Winters	Liberal	1945
Shelburne—Yarmouth—Clare				Liberal	1945

Ontario

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24% rowspan=2	Algoma East			Thomas Farquhar (until 10 September 1948 Senate appointment)	Liberal	1935
		Lester B. Pearson (by-election of 25 October 1948)	Liberal	1948
Algoma West			George E. Nixon	Liberal	1940
Brantford City			William Ross Macdonald	Liberal	1935
Brant			John A. Charlton	Progressive Conservative	1945
Broadview			Thomas Langton Church	Progressive Conservative	1933
Bruce			Andrew Ernest Robinson	Progressive Conservative	1945
Carleton			George Russell Boucher (resigned 1 November 1948)	Progressive Conservative	1940
Carleton			George Drew (by-election of 20 December 1948)	Progressive Conservative	1948
Cochrane			Joseph-Arthur Bradette	Liberal	1926
Danforth			Joseph Henry Harris	Progressive Conservative	1921
Davenport			John Ritchie MacNicol	Progressive Conservative	1930
Dufferin—Simcoe			William Earl Rowe	Progressive Conservative	1925
Durham			Charles Elwood Stephenson	Progressive Conservative	1945
Eglinton			Donald Fleming	Progressive Conservative	1945
Elgin			Charles Delmer Coyle	Progressive Conservative	1945
Essex East			Paul Martin Sr.	Liberal	1935
Essex South			Murray Clark	Liberal	1935
Essex West			Donald Ferguson Brown	Liberal	1945
Fort William			Dan McIvor	Liberal	1935
Frontenac—Addington			Wilbert Ross Aylesworth	Progressive Conservative	1940
Glengarry			William MacDiarmid (resigned 22 June 1945)	Liberal	1940
Glengarry			*William Lyon Mackenzie King* (by-election of 6 August 1945)	Liberal	1908, 1919, 1921, 1926, 1945
Greenwood			Denton Massey	Progressive Conservative	1935
Grenville—Dundas			Arza Clair Casselman	Progressive Conservative	1921, 1925
Grey—Bruce			Walter Harris	Liberal	1940
Grey North			W. Garfield Case	Progressive Conservative	1945
Haldimand			Mark Senn	Progressive Conservative	1921
Halton			Hughes Cleaver	Liberal	1935
Hamilton East			Thomas Hambly Ross	Liberal	1940
Hamilton West			Colin Gibson	Liberal	1940
Hastings—Peterborough			George Stanley White	Progressive Conservative	1940
Hastings South			George Henry Stokes	Progressive Conservative	1940
High Park			William Alexander McMaster	Progressive Conservative	1945
Huron North			Elston Cardiff	Progressive Conservative	1940
Huron—Perth			William Henry Golding	Liberal	1932
Kenora—Rainy River			William Moore Benidickson	Liberal	1945
Kent			Earl Desmond	Progressive Conservative	1940
Kingston City			Thomas Kidd	Progressive Conservative	1945
Lambton—Kent			Robert James Henderson	Progressive Conservative	1945
Lambton West			Joseph Warner Murphy	Progressive Conservative	1945
Lanark			William Gourlay Blair	Progressive Conservative	1945
Leeds			George Webb	Progressive Conservative	1945
Lincoln			Norman Lockhart	Progressive Conservative	1935
London			Park Manross	Progressive Conservative	1945
Middlesex East			Harry Oliver White	Progressive Conservative	1945
Middlesex West				Liberal	1940
Muskoka—Ontario			James Macdonnell	Progressive Conservative	1945
Nipissing			Léo Gauthier	Liberal	1945
Norfolk			Theobald Butler Barrett	Progressive Conservative	1945
Northumberland			Earle Drope	Progressive Conservative	1945
Ontario			W. E. N. Sinclair (died in office)	Liberal	1945
Ontario			Arthur Henry Williams (by-election of 8 June 1948)	CCF	1948
Ottawa East			Jean-Thomas Richard	Liberal	1945
Ottawa West				Liberal	1940
Oxford			Kenneth Daniel	Progressive Conservative	1945
Parkdale			Herbert Alexander Bruce (until resignation)	Progressive Conservative	1940
Parkdale			Harold Timmins (by-election of 21 October 1946)	Progressive Conservative	1946
Parry Sound			Wilfred McDonald	Liberal	1945
Peel			Gordon Graydon	Progressive Conservative	1935
Perth			Albert Bradshaw	Progressive Conservative	1945
Peterborough West			Gordon Fraser	Progressive Conservative	1940
Port Arthur			Clarence Decatur Howe	Liberal	1935
Prescott			Élie-Oscar Bertrand	Liberal	1929
Prince Edward—Lennox			George Tustin	Progressive Conservative	1935
Renfrew North			Ralph Warren	Liberal	1937
Renfrew South			James Joseph McCann	Liberal	1935
Rosedale			Harry Jackman	Progressive Conservative	1940
Russell			Joseph-Omer Gour	Liberal	1945
St. Paul's			Douglas Ross	Progressive Conservative	1935
Simcoe East			William Alfred Robinson	Liberal	1945
Simcoe North			Julian Ferguson	Progressive Conservative	1945
Spadina			David Croll	Liberal	1945
Stormont			Lionel Chevrier	Liberal	1935
Timiskaming			Walter Little	Liberal	1935
Trinity			Larry Skey	Progressive Conservative	1945
Victoria			Clayton Hodgson	Progressive Conservative	1945
Waterloo North			Louis Orville Breithaupt	Liberal	1940
Waterloo South			Karl Kenneth Homuth	Progressive Conservative	1938
Welland			Humphrey Mitchell	Liberal	1931, 1942
Wellington North			Lewis Menary	Progressive Conservative	1945
Wellington South			Robert Gladstone	Liberal	1935
Wentworth			Frank Lennard	Progressive Conservative	1935, 1945
York East			Robert Henry McGregor	Progressive Conservative	1926
York North			Jack Smith	Liberal	1945
York South			Alan Cockeram	Progressive Conservative	1940, 1945
York West			Agar Rodney Adamson	Progressive Conservative	1940

Prince Edward Island

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	King's			Thomas Vincent Grant	Liberal	1935
Prince				Liberal	1945
Queen's			James Lester Douglas	Liberal	1940
Queen's			Chester McLure	Progressive Conservative	1930, 1945

Quebec

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Argenteuil			Georges Héon	Independent Progressive Conservative	1938, 1945
Beauce			Ludger Dionne	Liberal	1945
Beauharnois—Laprairie			Maxime Raymond	Bloc populaire canadien	1925
Bellechasse			Louis-Philippe Picard	Liberal	1940
Berthier—Maskinongé			Aldéric Laurendeau	Liberal	1945
Bonaventure			Bona Arsenault	Independent	1945
Brome—Missisquoi			Maurice Hallé	Liberal	1940
Cartier			Fred Rose (seat declared vacant 30 January 1947, by House of Commons)	Labor-Progressive	1943
Cartier			Maurice Hartt (by-election of 31 March 1947)	Liberal	1947
Chambly—Rouville			Roch Pinard	Liberal	1945
Champlain			Hervé-Edgar Brunelle	Liberal	1935
Chapleau			David Gourd	Liberal	1945
Charlevoix—Saguenay			Frédéric Dorion	Independent	1942
Châteauguay—Huntingdon			Donald Elmer Black	Liberal	1935
Chicoutimi			Paul-Edmond Gagnon	Independent	1945
Compton				Liberal	1935
Dorchester			Léonard Tremblay	Liberal	1935
Drummond—Arthabaska			Armand Cloutier	Liberal	1940
Gaspé			Léopold Langlois	Liberal	1945
Hochelaga			Raymond Eudes	Liberal	1940
Hull			Alphonse Fournier	Liberal	1930
Jacques Cartier			Elphège Marier	Liberal	1939
Joliette—l'Assomption—Montcalm			Georges-Émile Lapalme	Liberal	1945
Kamouraska			Eugène Marquis	Liberal	1945
Labelle			Maurice Lalonde	Liberal	1935
Lake St-John—Roberval			Joseph-Alfred Dion	Independent Liberal	1945
Laurier			Ernest Bertrand	Liberal	1935
Laval—Two Mountains			Liguori Lacombe (resigned 12 July 1948)	Independent	1925, 1935
Laval—Two Mountains			Léopold Demers (by-election of 20 December 1948)	Liberal	1948
Lévis			Maurice Bourget	Independent Liberal	1940
Lotbinière				Liberal	1940
Maisonneuve—Rosemont			Sarto Fournier	Liberal	1935
Matapédia—Matane			Philéas Côté	Independent Liberal	1945
Mégantic—Frontenac			Joseph Lafontaine	Liberal	1940
Mercier			Joseph Jean	Liberal	1932
Montmagny—L'Islet			Jean Lesage	Liberal	1945
Mount Royal			Fred Whitman	Liberal	1940
Nicolet—Yamaska			Lucien Dubois (died 8 November 1948)	Independent Liberal	1930
Nicolet—Yamaska			Renaud Chapdelaine (by-election of 7 February 1949)	Progressive Conservative	1949
Outremont			Édouard Rinfret	Liberal	1945
Pontiac			Wallace McDonald (died 2 May 1946)	Liberal	1935
Pontiac			Réal Caouette (by-election of 16 September 1946)	Social Credit	1946
Portneuf			Pierre Gauthier	Liberal	1936
Québec—Montmorency			Wilfrid Lacroix	Independent Liberal	1935
Quebec East			*Louis St. Laurent*	Liberal	1942
Quebec South			Charles Gavan Power	Liberal	1917
Quebec West and South			Charles Parent	Independent Liberal	1935
Richelieu—Verchères			Arthur Cardin (died 21 October 1946)	Independent	1911
Richelieu—Verchères			Gérard Cournoyer (by-election of 23 December 1946)	Liberal	1946
Richmond—Wolfe			James Patrick Mullins	Liberal	1935
Rimouski				Liberal	1945
St. Ann			Thomas Healy	Liberal	1940
St. Antoine—Westmount			Douglas Abbott	Liberal	1940
St. Denis			Azellus Denis	Liberal	1935
St. Henry			Joseph-Arsène Bonnier	Liberal	1938
St. Hyacinthe—Bagot			Joseph Fontaine	Liberal	1945
St. James			Roland Beaudry	Liberal	1945
St. Johns—Iberville—Napierville			Alcide Côté	Liberal	1945
St. Lawrence—St. George			Brooke Claxton	Liberal	1940
St. Mary				Liberal	1942
St-Maurice—Laflèche			René Hamel	Bloc populaire canadien	1945
Shefford			Marcel Boivin	Liberal	1945
Sherbrooke			Maurice Gingues	Liberal	1940
Stanstead			John Thomas Hackett	Progressive Conservative	1930, 1945
Témiscouata			Jean-François Pouliot	Independent Liberal	1924
Témiscouata			Jean-François Pouliot	Liberal	1924
Terrebonne			Lionel Bertrand	Liberal	1940
Trois-Rivières			Wilfrid Gariépy	Independent	1935, 1945
Vaudreuil—Soulanges			Louis-René Beaudoin	Liberal	1945
Verdun				Liberal	1940
Wright			Léon Raymond	Liberal	1945

Saskatchewan

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Assiniboia			Edward McCullough	CCF	1945
Humboldt			Joseph William Burton	CCF	1935
Kindersley			Frank Jaenicke	CCF	1945
Lake Centre			John Diefenbaker	Progressive Conservative	1940
Mackenzie			Alexander Malcolm Nicholson	CCF	1940
Maple Creek			Duncan John McCuaig	CCF	1945
Melfort			Percy Wright	CCF	1940
Melville			James Garfield Gardiner	Liberal	1936
Moose Jaw			Ross Thatcher	CCF	1945
North Battleford			Frederick Townley-Smith	CCF	1945
Prince Albert			Edward LeRoy Bowerman	CCF	1945
Qu'Appelle			Gladys Strum	CCF	1945
Regina City			John Probe	CCF	1945
Rosetown—Biggar			Major James Coldwell	CCF	1935
Rosthern			Walter Tucker (resigned 8 June 1948)	Liberal	1935
Rosthern			William Albert Boucher (by-election of 25 October 1948)	Liberal	1948
Saskatoon City			Roy Knight	CCF	1945
Swift Current			Thomas John Bentley	CCF	1945
The Battlefords			Max Campbell	CCF	1945
Weyburn			Eric McKay	CCF	1945
Wood Mountain			Hazen Argue	CCF	1945
Yorkton			George Hugh Castleden	CCF	1940

Yukon

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Yukon			George Black	Progressive Conservative	1921, 1940

By-elections

See main article: By-elections to the 20th Canadian Parliament.

References

Web site: Government of Canada. Privy Council Office. 16th Ministry. Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. 9 November 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20050222095644/http://www.pco-bcp.gc.ca/default.asp?Language=E&Page=Publications&doc=min%2Fmin_16_e.htm. 22 February 2005. dead.
Web site: Government of Canada. Privy Council Office. 17th Ministry. Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. 9 November 2006. 28 December 2005. https://web.archive.org/web/20051228225003/http://www.pco-bcp.gc.ca/default.asp?Language=E&Page=Publications&doc=min%2Fmin_17_e.htm. dead.
Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. 20th Parliament. 30 November 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20061220074115/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/mpsparl.asp?Language=E. 20 December 2006. dead.
Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Duration of Sessions. 12 May 2006. 14 November 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20071114112755/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/parlinfo/compilations/parliament/Sessions.aspx. dead.
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . General Elections . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060504214348/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/process/House/asp/Elections.asp?Language=E&Hist=Y&gen=Y . 4 May 2006 .
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Key Dates for each Parliament . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20050914163314/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/process/info/parl-dates.asp?lang=E&Hist=Y . 14 September 2005 .
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060420/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/OppLeader.asp?lang=E&Hist=Y . 11 March 2007 .
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Prime Ministers of Canada . 12 May 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060427095217/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/pm/index.asp?Language=E&param=pi&param2=gen . 27 April 2006 . dead .
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Speakers . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060917033025/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/hf-parl-off/index.asp?Language=E . 17 September 2006 .