2028 Turkish presidential election explained

Country:Turkey
Type:presidential
Previous Election:2023 Turkish presidential election
Previous Year:2023
Election Date:By 7 May 2028
Next Election:2033 Turkish presidential election
Next Year:2033
Ongoing:yes
Image1:3x4.svg
Candidate1:TBD
Party1:Justice and Development Party (Turkey)
Alliance1:People's
Candidate2:TBD
Party2:Republican People's Party
Image3:3x4.svg
Candidate3:TBD
Party3:Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party
Alliance3:Labour and Freedom
Image4:3x4.svg
Candidate4:TBD
Party4:Good Party
Image5:Fatiherbakan (cropped).jpg
Candidate5:Fatih Erbakan
Party5:New Welfare Party
President
Before Election:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Before Party:Justice and Development Party (Turkey)

The next Turkish presidential election is scheduled to be held no later than 7 May 2028, as part of the general election for that year. The first round will be held concurrently with the next parliamentary election.

The incumbent president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, is constitutionally term-limited, but there is speculation that the ruling People's Alliance may circumvent this provision by fielding a constitutional amendment or by calling a snap election.[1] [2] [3]

Background

2023 elections

See main article: 2023 Turkish general election. The previous Turkish general election took place on 14 May 2023, the second since a presidential system replaced the existing parliamentary one following a controversial 2017 referendum which narrowly approved amendements to the constitution.[4] [5] The 2023 election was mainly contested between incumbent president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and the opposition Nation Alliance candidate Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu of the Republican People's Party (CHP). Both candidates earned 49.5% and 44.8% of the vote respectively in the first round, triggering a runoff on 28 May for the first time since direct elections for the presidency were instituted in 2014.[6] [7] Erdoğan went on to win with 52.18% of the vote.[8]

In March 2024, Erdoğan said that he would step down from the presidency once his third term ends in 2028 and that he will retire from politics on that same year.[9]

Electoral system

The President of Turkey is directly elected through the two-round system, under which a candidate must obtain a simple majority (more than 50%) of the popular vote to be elected. If no candidate secures an overall majority outright, then a runoff is held between the two most voted-for candidates from the first round, the winner of which is then declared elected. The first direct election to the Turkish presidency was held in 2014, after a referendum in 2007 abolished the previous system under which the head of state was elected by the legislature chamber, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The President of Turkey is subject to term limits, and may serve at most two five-year terms.[10] If snap elections were held before the end of the second term, a third term would be permitted.[11] [12] Snap elections can be held either with the consent of 60% of the MPs in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey or ordered by presidential decree. Only snap elections via the consent of the Grand National Assembly during a president's second term can allow the president to serve a third term.[13]

Prospective presidential candidates must be at least 40 years old and must have completed higher education. Any political party that has won 5% of the vote in the previous parliamentary election can put forward a candidate, although parties that have not met this threshold can form alliances and field joint candidates as long as their total vote share exceeds 5%. Independents can run if they collect 100,000 signatures from the electorate.[14] Elections are overseen by the Supreme Election Council (YSK).[15]

Candidates

Declared

Publicly expressed interest

Potential

Declined

Notes

  1. Web site: Koru . Selim . 2023-06-05 . The Question of Erdoğan's Succession . 2024-01-03 . Foreign Policy Research Institute . en-US.
  2. Web site: Arkan . Merve . 2023-05-29 . New York Times sordu: Erdoğan 2028'de gidecek mi? . 2024-01-03 . Sözcü . tr.
  3. Web site: 2023-09-30 . Süresiz başkanlık! Cumhur İttifakı, Erdoğan'ı 2028'de yeniden aday yapmanın yolunu arıyor . https://web.archive.org/web/20240217171831/https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/siyaset/suresiz-baskanlik-cumhur-ittifaki-erdogani-2028de-yeniden-aday-yapmanin-yolunu-ariyor-2124860 . 2024-02-17 . 2024-02-26 . . tr.
  4. News: Morris . Chris . 25 June 2018 . Turkey elections: How powerful will the next Turkish president be? . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230327191519/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44574919 . 27 March 2023 . 31 May 2023 . BBC.
  5. News: Shaheen . Kareem . 16 April 2017 . Erdoğan clinches victory in Turkish constitutional referendum . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230206105433/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/16/erdogan-claims-victory-in-turkish-constitutional-referendum . 6 February 2023 . 31 May 2023 . The Guardian . Ankara.
  6. News: Hubbard . Ben . Harman . Gulsin . 14 March 2023 . Nail-Biter Turkish Election Goes to Round 2 as Majority Eludes Erdogan . subscription . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230515000019/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/14/world/europe/turkey-erdogan-presidential-election.html/ . 15 May 2023 . 15 May 2023 . The New York Times.
  7. News: Kirby . Paul . 15 May 2023 . Turkey's Erdogan appears to have upper hand after tense night . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230517015716/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65593504 . 17 May 2023 . 15 May 2023 . . en-GB.
  8. News: 28 May 2023 . YSK Başkanı Yener: Erdoğan Cumhurbaşkanı seçilmiştir . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230528195832/https://www.ntv.com.tr/2023-secim/ysk-baskani-yener-erdogan-cumhurbaskani-secilmistir,TprVhVTJX0CFDy1mLpJv3Q . 28 May 2023 . 28 May 2023 . NTV . tr.
  9. Web site: As Erdoğan hints at retirement, how has his rule shaped Turkey?. The Conversation. 12 March 2024.
  10. Web site: Dopico . Alex . 6 November 2021 . Does Turkey have term limits? . usurped . https://web.archive.org/web/20220319072827/https://janetpanic.com/does-turkey-have-term-limits/#Does_Turkey_have_term_limits . 19 March 2022 . 19 March 2022 . janetpanic.com.
  11. Web site: Ertan . Nazlan . 18 January 2023 . Erdogan picks historically charged date of May 14 for Turkey's crucial election – Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230326013612/https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/01/erdogan-picks-historically-charged-date-may-14-turkeys-crucial-election . 26 March 2023 . 21 January 2023 . . en.
  12. Web site: 13 January 2022 . Opposition Future Party says in contact with 40 lawmakers of ruling AKP . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230403192227/https://www.duvarenglish.com/turkish-opposition-future-party-says-in-contact-with-40-lawmakers-of-ruling-akp-news-60127 . 3 April 2023 . 21 January 2023 . . tr-TR.
  13. News: Türkei: Erdogan kündigt vorgezogene Wahlen am 14. Mai an . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230403192227/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/erdogan-kuendigt-vorgezogene-wahlen-am-14-mai-an-18622131.html . 3 April 2023 . 23 January 2023 . Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . de . 0174-4909.
  14. Web site: Anayasa değişikliği maddeleri tam metni | Yeni anayasa maddeleri nelerdir? . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221118094443/https://www.cnnturk.com/video/turkiye/anayasa-degisikligi-maddeleri-tam-metni-yeni-anayasa-maddeleri-nelerdir . 18 November 2022 . 23 October 2017 . . tr.
  15. News: Böge . Friederike . Wahl in der Türkei: Zweifel an Erdogans Führung . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230514193136/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/wahl-in-der-tuerkei-zweifel-an-erdogans-fuehrung-18893950.html . 14 May 2023 . 14 May 2023 . . de . 0174-4909.
  16. Web site: 2023-12-10 . Davutoğlu: İlk genel seçimde cumhurbaşkanı adayı olacağım . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231210221501/https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/davutoglu-ilk-genel-secimde-cumhurbaskani-adayi-olacagim-haber-1652699 . 2023-12-10 . 2024-01-03 . . tr.
  17. Web site: 2023-09-13 . Yeniden Refah Partisi lideri Fatih Erbakan adaylığını açıkladı! . 2024-02-26 . . tr.
  18. Web site: 2023-06-06 . Sinan Oğan'dan 2028 kararı: Şimdiden ilan ediyorum, adayım . https://web.archive.org/web/20230608195816/https://www.tgrthaber.com.tr/politika/sinan-ogandan-2028-karari-adayim-2891594 . 2023-06-08 . 2024-01-03 . TGRT Haber.
  19. Web site: Zafer Partisi Lideri Ümit Özdağ: 2028'de Cumhurbaşkanı Adayıyım . 2024-10-05 . Tamgatürk . tr.
  20. Web site: BABACAN: HER SİYASİ PARTİNİN GENEL BAŞKANI DOĞAL ADAY . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240217171319/https://ankahaber.net/haber/detay/babacan%C2%A0her_siyasi_partinin_genel_baskani_dogal_aday_46141 . 2024-02-17 . 2024-02-26 . ankahaber.net.
  21. Web site: 2023-09-07 . TV 100 ekranlarında Erdoğan Aktaş'ın Canlı Yayın Konuğuyum . Muharrem İnce Youtube.
  22. Web site: 5 April 2024 . 5 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240305071350/https://www.mynet.com/mansur-yavas-icin-2028-senaryosu-dogal-cumhurbaskani-adayidir-diyen-ismail-saymaz-1-nisan-i-isaret-etti-110107175353 . tr . Mynet . Mansur Yavaş için 2028 senaryosu! "Doğal cumhurbaşkanı adayıdır" diyen İsmail Saymaz, 1 Nisan'ı işaret etti . Mynet Haber.
  23. Web site: 8 April 2024 . 8 April 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240408075905/https://t24.com.tr/haber/ozgur-ozel-chp-nin-cumhurbaskani-adaylarini-acikladi,1159795 . tr . Özgür Özel CHP'nin Cumhurbaşkanı adaylarını açıkladı! . live . T24.
  24. Web site: Mynet . Mansur Yavaş'ın bu ifadesi uzun uzun konuşulacak! Salonda 'cumhurbaşkanı adayı' ol çağrısı geldi, yanıtı net oldu . 2024-07-16 . Mynet Haber . tr.
  25. Web site: 2023-10-08 . Ekrem İmamoğlu hedefini açıkladı: Cumhurbaşkanlığına bir kez daha göz kırptı . 2024-02-26 . Ensonhaber . tr.
  26. Web site: 2023-08-22 . Tuğçe Erçetin: 'Ekrem İmamoğlu 2028 formülünü işletebilirse Erdoğan'ı üçüncü kez yenebilir' . 2024-02-26 . . tr.
  27. Web site: Selvi . Abdulkadir . 2023-08-15 . İşte İmamoğlu'nun 2028 stratejisi . 2024-02-26 . . tr.
  28. Web site: 2023-08-14 . Kulis: 'İmamoğlu bu seçimde İBB, 2028'de cumhurbaşkanlığını hedefliyor' . 2024-02-26 . Artı Gerçek . tr.
  29. Web site: '2028'in Cumhurbaşkanı' diye anons edildi, Dervişoğlu: İnanan bizimle yürüsün, inanmayanın yolu açık olsun . 2024-07-22 . Politikyol . tr.
  30. Web site: 2024-10-05 . Cumhurbaşkanı adayı olacak mı? CHP lideri Özgür Özel net konuştu . 2024-10-05 . Dünya Gazetesi . tr-TR.

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