2026 Brazilian general election explained

Previous Election:2022 Brazilian general election
Previous Year:2022
Next Election:2030 Brazilian general election
Next Year:2030
Election Date: (first round)
(second round, if necessary)
Country:Brazil
Module:
Embed:yes
Election Name:Presidential election
Type:presidential
Opinion Polls:
  1. Opinion polls
Ongoing:yes
Alliance Name:no
President
Before Election:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Before Party:Workers' Party (Brazil)
Module:
Embed:yes
Election Name:Chamber of Deputies
Ongoing:yes
Seats For Election:All 513 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
Majority Seats:257
Party1:Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)
Party Leader1:Altineu Côrtes
Current Seats1:95
Party2:Brazil of Hope
Party Leader2:Odair Cunha
Current Seats2:80
Party3:Brazil Union
Party Leader3:Elmar Nascimento
Current Seats3:58
Party4:Progressistas
Current Seats4:50
Party5:Brazilian Democratic Movement
Current Seats5:44
Party6:Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011)
Party Leader6:Antonio Brito
Current Seats6:44
Party7:Republicans (Brazil)
Party Leader7:Hugo Motta
Current Seats7:43
Party8:Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)
Party Leader8:Afonso Motta
Current Seats8:18
Party9:
Party Leader9:Adolfo Viana
Current Seats9:17
Party10:Brazilian Socialist Party
Party Leader10:Gervásio Maia
Current Seats10:14
Party11:PSOL REDE Federation
Party Leader11:Erika Hilton
Current Seats11:14
Party12:Podemos (Brazil)
Party Leader12:Romero Rodrigues Veiga
Current Seats12:15
Party13:Avante (political party)
Party Leader13:Luis Tibé
Current Seats13:7
Party14:Democratic Renewal Party (Brazil)
Current Seats14:5
Party15:Solidarity (Brazil)
Party Leader15:Aureo Ribeiro
Current Seats15:5
Party16:New Party (Brazil)
Party Leader16:Adriana Ventura
Current Seats16:3
Module:
Embed:yes
Election Name:Federal Senate
Ongoing:yes
Seats For Election:54 of the 81 seats in the Federal Senate
Majority Seats:41
Party1:Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011)
Party Leader1:Otto Alencar
Current Seats1:15
Party2:Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)
Party Leader2:Carlos Portinho
Current Seats2:13
Party3:Brazilian Democratic Movement
Party Leader3:Eduardo Braga
Current Seats3:11
Party4:Workers' Party (Brazil)
Party Leader4:Beto Faro
Current Seats4:8
Party5:Brazil Union
Party Leader5:Efraim Filho
Current Seats5:7
Party6:Podemos (Brazil)
Party Leader6:Rodrigo Cunha
Current Seats6:7
Party7:Progressistas
Party Leader7:Tereza Cristina
Current Seats7:6
Party8:Brazilian Socialist Party
Party Leader8:Jorge Kajuru
Current Seats8:4
Party9:Republicans (Brazil)
Party Leader9:Mecias de Jesus
Current Seats9:4
Party10:Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)
Party Leader10:Ana Paula Lobato
Current Seats10:3
Party11:Brazilian Social Democracy Party
Party Leader11:Plínio Valério
Current Seats11:1
Party12:New Party (Brazil)
Party Leader12:Eduardo Girão
Current Seats12:1
Party13:Independents
Party Leader13:Randolfe Rodrigues
Current Seats13:1

General elections will be held in Brazil on 4 October 2026 to elect the president, vice president, members of the National Congress, the governors, vice governors, and legislative assemblies of all federative units, and the district council of Fernando de Noronha. If no candidate for president—or for governor in some states—received more than half of the valid votes in the first round, a runoff election for these offices will be held on 25 October.

Incumbent left-wing president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of the Workers' Party is eligible for a fourth term. However, he has stated that he will not seek re-election.[1]

Having unsuccessfully run for president in 1989, 1994, and 1998, Lula was elected in 2002 and re-elected in 2006. He was then succeeded by his chief of staff, Dilma Rousseff, who was elected in 2010 and re-elected in 2014. Lula attempted to run for the presidency for a third non-consecutive term in 2018, but his candidacy was denied by the Superior Electoral Court due to his previous conviction on corruption charges in 2017. A series of court rulings led to his release from prison in 2019, followed by the annulment of his conviction and restoration of his political rights by 2021. For his vice presidential candidate in the 2022 election, Lula selected Geraldo Alckmin, who had been a presidential candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party in 2006 (facing Lula in the second round) and 2018 but changed his affiliation to the Brazilian Socialist Party in 2022.

Lula won the 2022 election by the closest margin in Brazilian history, defeating incumbent right-wing president Jair Bolsonaro by 1.8% (or 2,139,645 votes). Lula, re-elected in 2022, became the first person to secure a third presidential term, receiving the highest number of votes in a Brazilian election. At the same time, Bolsonaro, elected in 2018, became the first incumbent president to lose a bid for a second term since a 1997 constitutional amendment allowing consecutive re-election. In response to his loss, some Bolsonaro supporters demanded a military coup to prevent Lula's inauguration, but failed to gather sufficient support. Before Lula's inauguration, Bolsonaro left the country for the United States and was later, controversially, barred from running for a second term before 2030.[2]

Background

From 1994 to 2014, presidential elections in Brazil were dominated by candidates of the centrist Brazilian Social Democracy Party and the left-wing Workers' Party. After unsuccessful attempts in the 1989, 1994, and 1998 presidential elections, Workers' Party candidate Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was elected in the 2002 and 2006 presidential elections.[3] His successor from the same party, Dilma Rousseff, was elected in the 2010 and 2014 presidential elections. The controversial 2016 impeachment of Rousseff removed her from office due to administrative misconduct, and she was succeeded by her vice president, Michel Temer of the centrist Brazilian Democratic Movement. In 2017, Operation Car Wash controversially resulted in Lula being convicted on charges of corruption by judge Sergio Moro and arrested, which prevented his intended candidacy in the 2018 Brazilian presidential election, despite his substantial lead in the polls. He was replaced as his party's presidential candidate by former mayor of São Paulo, Fernando Haddad, who lost to right-wing candidate Jair Bolsonaro of the Social Liberal Party.[4] [5] [6]

In 2019, Bolsonaro left the Social Liberal Party. This was followed by the dismissal or resignation of many members of the Bolsonaro administration,[7] including Moro, whom he had appointed as Minister of Justice and Public Safety. Bolsonaro then attempted to create another party, the Alliance for Brazil, but he was unsuccessful.[8] In 2021, Bolsonaro joined the Liberal Party and selected Walter Braga Netto of his party as the vice presidential candidate instead of Hamilton Mourão, the incumbent vice president.[9] A series of rulings by the Supreme Federal Court questioning the legality of Lula's trial and the impartiality of then judge Moro led to Lula's release from prison in 2019, followed by the annulment of Moro's cases against Lula and the restoration of Lula's political rights by 2021.[10] [11] Lula launched his candidacy for president in 2022, selecting as his vice presidential candidate Geraldo Alckmin, who had been a presidential candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party in 2006 and 2018 but changed his affiliation to the left-wing Brazilian Socialist Party in 2022.[12] [13] The three parties supporting Bolsonaro in 2022 (Liberal Party, Progressistas, and Republicans) had supported Alckmin in 2018 and Rousseff in 2014.[14] After Bolsonaro's departure from the Social Liberal Party, the party merged with the Democrats to form the Brazil Union in 2022.[15]

Electoral system

See main article: Electoral system of Brazil and Elections in Brazil.

Brazil's president and vice president are elected as a joint ticket using the two-round system. The first round of elections is held on the first Sunday of October, which in 2022 was on 2 October.[16] A candidate who receives more than 50% of the total valid votes in the first round is elected. If the 50% threshold is not met by any candidate, the two candidates who receive the most votes in the first round participate in a second round of voting, held on the last Sunday of October (in this instance, 30 October 2022), and the candidate who receives a plurality of votes in the second round is elected. The 2022 Brazilian gubernatorial elections to elect the governors and vice governors of all states of Brazil and of the Federal District were held on the same dates and with the same two-round system as the presidential election. One-third of the 81 members of the Brazilian Senate were up for election in 2022, one senator being elected from each of the states and the Federal District using plurality voting. The other two-thirds of the Senate were elected in 2018.[17]

All 513 members of the Chamber of Deputies (federal deputies) are elected from 27 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the states and the Federal District, varying in size from 8 to 70 seats. All members of the Legislative Assemblies of Brazilian states (state deputies) and of the Legislative Chamber of the Federal District (district deputies), varying in size from 24 to 94 seats, are also elected. These elections are held using open list, proportional representation, with seats allocated using integer quotients and the D'Hondt method.[18] [19] All seven members of the District Council of Fernando de Noronha are elected by single non-transferable vote. Unlike elections for other offices in Brazil, candidates for this council are not nominated by political parties.[20]

Voters

Voting in Brazil is allowed for all citizens over 16 years old. There is compulsory voting for literate citizens between 18 and 70 years old except conscripts; as there is conscription in Brazil, those who serve the mandatory military service are not allowed to vote.[21] Those who are required but do not vote in an election and do not present an acceptable justification, such as being absent from their voting locality at the time,[22] must pay a fine, normally R$3.51,[23] [24] which is equivalent to US$0.67 as of October 2022. In some cases, the fine may be waived, reduced, or increased up to R$35.13 (US$6.67).[25]

The Brazilian diaspora may only vote for president and vice president.[26] Due to the Equality Statute between Brazil and Portugal, Portuguese citizens legally residing in Brazil for more than three years may also register to vote in Brazilian elections.[27]

Candidates and political parties

See also: List of political parties in Brazil. All candidates for federal, state, Federal District, and municipal offices must be nominated by a political party. For offices to be elected by majority or plurality (executive offices and senators), parties may form an electoral coalition (coligação) to nominate a single candidate. The coalitions do not need to be composed of the same parties for every nomination, do not need to be maintained after the election, and are not valid for offices to be elected proportionally (deputies and aldermen).[28] A new law, valid for this election, also allowed parties to form a different type of alliance called federation (federação), which acts as a single party to nominate candidates for all offices in all locations, including those to be elected proportionally, and must be maintained with a single leadership structure over the course of the elected legislature.[29] Federations may also act as parties to form coalitions. For 2022, the federations formed were Brazil of Hope (PT–PCdoB–PV), Always Forward (PSDB–Cidadania), and the PSOL REDE Federation (PSOL–REDE).[30]

For offices to be elected proportionally, each party must nominate candidates of each sex in a distribution between 30 and 70%. Under rulings by the Superior Electoral Court and the Supreme Federal Court, parties must also allocate their funds and broadcast time proportionally to the number of their candidates of each sex and race.[31]

Procedure

See main article: Electronic voting in Brazil.

Voting in Brazilian elections can only be done in person and only on election day, which is always a Sunday. There is no provision for either postal voting or early voting. Voter registration must be done in advance, and each voter can only vote in one designated voting station, either based on the voter's registered domicile or at a different location that the voter must specifically request if planning to be there temporarily on election day. Voters must provide photo identification at their voting station before proceeding to vote.[32]

More than 92,000 voting stations were installed in all municipalities of Brazil, the Federal District, and Fernando de Noronha.[33] Most voting stations are in public schools.[34] In some sparsely populated areas, such as indigenous territories, the installation and use of voting stations requires extensive travel and logistics.[35] Voting stations were also installed in 160 locations in other countries, mostly in Brazilian diplomatic missions, for citizens residing abroad.[36]

Voting is done almost entirely on DRE voting machines, designed for extreme simplicity. The voter dials a number corresponding to the desired candidate or party, causing the name and photo of the candidate or party to appear on the screen, then the voter presses a green button to confirm or an orange button to correct and try again. It is also possible to leave the vote blank by pressing a white button, or to nullify the vote by dialing a number that does not correspond to any candidate or party. Paper ballots are only used in case a voting machine malfunctions or in locations abroad with fewer than 100 voters.The electronic system is subject to extensive tests, including on machines randomly selected from actual voting stations on election day, witnessed by political parties to rule out fraud. After voting ends, every machine prints a record of its total votes for each candidate or party, which is publicly displayed for comparison with the results published electronically.[37] The system delivers the complete election results usually a few hours after voting ends, which is extremely fast for such a large population as Brazil. At the same time, the system does not create a physical record of individual votes to allow a full election recount.[38]

The partial vote count for an office can only start being published after voting has ended in all locations in Brazil voting for that office, to avoid influencing those still voting. Due to time zones in Brazil, in previous years the vote count for president (the only one that combines votes from more than one state) could only start being published after voting ended in, two hours after it had ended for the vast majority of the population in . To avoid this undesirable wait, the Superior Electoral Court ordered for 2022 that voting stations were to operate at the same time in the whole country, regardless of their time zone: 9:00 to 18:00, 8:00 to 17:00 UTC−03:00, 7:00 to 16:00, and 6:00 to 15:00 UTC−05:00.[39] Politicians from the state of Acre (UTC−05:00) filed a legal complaint against this order due to the unreasonably early start of voting preparations in their local time; the complaint was dismissed by the Supreme Federal Court.[40] The unified voting time does not apply to voting stations for citizens abroad, which still operate from 8:00 to 17:00 local time, even though some of them end up to four hours after UTC−03:00.[41] [42] The same is expected to remain for 2026.

Presidential candidates

Declared candidates

Brazil Union

Independent

Publicly expressed interest

As of January 2023, the following notable individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.

NOVO

Republicanos

Independent

Potential candidates

As of January 2023, there has been speculation about the potential candidacy of the following notable individuals within the previous six months.

Brazilian Democratic Movement

Brazilian Social Democracy Party

Brazilian Socialist Party

Liberal Party

Republicanos

Sustainability Network

Social Democratic Party

Socialism and Liberty Party

Workers' Party

Independent

Declined to be candidates

The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy, but have publicly denied interest in running:

Workers' party

Liberal Party

Republicans

Ineligible

The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy or have declared their interest, but have been declared ineligible by the Superior Electoral Court.

Liberal Party

Congress

Composition of the National Congress of Brazil
scope=colgroup rowspan=3 colspan=2 Party[64] scope=colgroup colspan=3 Chamber of Deputiesscope=colgroup colspan=6 Senate
scope=col Electedscope=col Incumbentscope=col rowspan=2 +/– scope=colgroup colspan=2 Electedscope=col Incumbentscope=col rowspan=2 +/– scope=colgroup colspan=2 Up for election[65]
scope=col 2022scope=col 2024[66] scope=col 2018scope=col 2022scope=col 2024[67] scope=col 2026scope=col 2030
99 95 4 1 8 13 4 5 8
69 68 1 4 4 8 5 3
59 58 1 8 5 7 6 2 5
47 50 3 5 3 6 2 3 3
42 44 2 7 1 11 3 10 1
42 44 2 4 2 15 9 12 3
40 43 3 1 2 4 1 1 3
17 18 1 2 – 3 1 2 1
14 14 2 1 4 1 4 –
13 13 4 – 1 3 1 –
12 13 1 – – – – –
12 15 3 3 – 7 4 7 –
7 7 – – – – –
6 7 1 – – – – –
6 5 1 – – – – –
7 5 2 2 1 – 3 – –
4 5 1 1 – – 1 – –
3 3 – – 1 1 1 –
2 1 1 5 – – 5 – –
– 1 1 – – 1 1 1 –
Total 513 513 54 27 81 54 27

Opinion polls

2024

Publisher/PollsterPolling
period		Sample
size		style=width:5em Lula
style=width:5em Tarcísio
style=width:5em M. Bolsonaro
style=width:5em Ciro
style=width:5em Zema
style=width:5em Ratinho
style=width:5em rowspan=2 Others
style=width:5em rowspan=2 Blank/Null/
Undec.		style=width:5em rowspan=2 Lead
style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background:
Paraná Pesquisas[68] 18–22 July2,02638.3%7.9%42.3%11.6%1.4%
38.7%30.3%9.1%7.4%14.5%8.4%
38.9%24.4%11.8%7.3%17.6%14.5%
39%12.4%14.2%11.5%22.8%24.8%
38.8%13.3%13.1%11%23.9%25.5%
Paraná Pesquisas[69] 27 April–1 May2,02036.0%8.4%43.2%12.3%2.8%
36.6%33.0%10.1%5.2%15.0%3.6%
36.9%25.6%11.8%5.1%20.7%11.3%
37.2%14.7%18.2%29.8%22.5%
36.9%15.2%16.8%31.0%21.7%
36.3%13.8%17.6%6.5%25.9%18.7%
37.2%14.8%14.9%6.9%26.3%22.3%
Paraná Pesquisas[70] 24–28 January2,02637.6%23%9.3%6.5%5.1%2.8%15.6%14.6%
37.6%17.4%10.3%5.8%6.2%3.2%19.6%20%
36.9%7.8%3.9%3.9%35.8%11.7%3.1%

2023

Publisher/PollsterPolling
period		Sample
size		style=width:5em Lula
style=width:5em Tarcísio
style=width:5em Tebet
style=width:5em Moro
style=width:5em Ciro
style=width:5em Zema
style=width:5em Ratinho
style=width:5em Leite
style=width:5em rowspan=2 Others
style=width:5em rowspan=2 Blank/Null/
Undec.		style=width:5em rowspan=2 Lead
style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background: style=background:
Paraná Pesquisas[71] 29 September – 3 October2,02036.6%12.7%7.4%6.7%6.3%5.7%4.6%2.1%3.1%14.9%23.9%
37.6%18.9%9.0%8.7%3.7%22.2%18.7%
37.6%8.8%8.8%15.3%4.0%25.5%22.3%
37.7%8.7%9.2%12.8%4.1%27.4%24.9%

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Malleret . Constance . 25 October 2022 . Lula repeats that he will not seek re-election in event of victory . 18 October 2023 . The Brazilian Report . en-US.
  2. News: Eight-year election ban for Brazil's Jair Bolsonaro . BBC News . 30 June 2023 .
  3. 2 November 2022 . How Lula Won the Most Crucial Election in Brazil for Decades . live . . New York City . . 0040-781X . https://web.archive.org/web/20221113081444/https://time.com/6226269/how-lula-won-brazil-election/ . 13 November 2022 . 14 November 2022 . Nugent . Ciara.
  4. Web site: Aarup . Sarah Anne . 27 October 2022 . Bolsonaro vs. Lula? Brazil vote offers no easy answer for EU's LatAm-bitions . 30 October 2022 . Politico.
  5. News: 30 October 2022 . Brazilians go to polls with Lula slight favourite to oust right-wing Bolsonaro . The Guardian . 30 October 2022 . Downie . Andrew.
  6. News: 29 October 2022 . Bolsonaro vs. Lula: Brazil Faces a Stark Choice With Huge Stakes . The New York Times . 30 October 2022 . 0362-4331 . Nicas . Jack.
  7. News: As principais baixas do governo Bolsonaro . pt . Deutsche Welle . live . 8 July 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200709094432/https://www.dw.com/pt-br/as-principais-baixas-do-governo-bolsonaro/g-49368323 . 9 July 2020.
  8. News: 30 April 2022 . Idealizado por Bolsonaro, partido Aliança pelo Brasil acaba por falta de assinaturas . pt . CNN Brazil . 24 May 2022.
  9. Web site: Spigariol . Andre . 8 November 2021 . Bolsonaro to join right-wing Liberal Party for re-election campaign . 1 December 2021 . The Brazilian Report.
  10. News: 8 March 2021 . Lula: Brazil's ex-president cleared by Supreme Court . Reuters . live . 16 April 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210416043741/https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazils-supreme-court-confirms-decision-annul-lula-convictions-2021-04-15/ . 16 April 2021.
  11. News: Brito . Ricardo . 15 April 2021 . Brazil's Supreme Court confirms decision to annul Lula convictions . 5 November 2022.
  12. News: Boadle . Anthony . 23 March 2022 . Former Sao Paulo governor Alckmin joins leftist party to be Lula's running mate . Reuters . 30 October 2022.
  13. News: Paraguassu . Lisandra . 14 December 2021 . Analysis: A possible alliance in the making between Lula, former rival in Brazil 2022 run . Reuters . 15 December 2021.
  14. Web site: 26 July 2018 . Após ameaças de divisão, Centrão fecha com Alckmin para tentar chegar ao segundo turno . 1 November 2018 . G1.globo.com.
  15. Web site: TSE aprova registro do partido União Brasil . 9 February 2022 . Tribunal Superior Eleitoral . pt . 9 February 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220209144740/https://www.tse.jus.br/imprensa/noticias-tse/2022/Fevereiro/tse-aprova-registro-do-partido-uniao-brasil . dead .
  16. Web site: Legal Research Guide: Brazil – The Executive Branch . https://web.archive.org/web/20190626172227/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/legal-research-guide/brazil-executive-branch.php#elections . 26 June 2019 . 2 July 2019 . Library of Congress.
  17. Web site: Federal Senate electoral system . https://web.archive.org/web/20190825041012/http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2044_B.htm . 25 August 2019 . 2 July 2019 . Inter-Parliamentary Union.
  18. Web site: Chamber of Deputies electoral system . https://web.archive.org/web/20190825061603/http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2043_B.htm . 25 August 2019 . 2 July 2019 . Inter-Parliamentary Union.
  19. Web site: How does the proportional system work? . https://web.archive.org/web/20211124112712/https://www.tse.jus.br/o-tse/escola-judiciaria-eleitoral/publicacoes/revistas-da-eje/artigos/revista-eletronica-eje-n.-5-ano-3/como-funciona-o-sistema-proporcional . 24 November 2021 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  20. Web site: 4 September 2018 . Arquipélago Fernando de Noronha terá eleição unificada pela 1ª vez . https://web.archive.org/web/20220122204931/https://noticias.r7.com/brasil/arquipelago-fernando-de-noronha-tera-eleicao-unificada-pela-1-vez-04092018 . 22 January 2022 . 4 June 2022 . R7.com . pt.
  21. Web site: Direito/Obrigatoriedade do Voto . Right/obligation to vote . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20211216034954/https://www.tre-rj.jus.br/eleitor/perguntas-frequentes/direito-obrigatoriedade-do-voto . 16 December 2021 . 30 September 2022 . Regional Electoral Court of Rio de Janeiro . pt.
  22. Web site: Justificativa Eleitoral . https://web.archive.org/web/20190714034052/http://www.tse.jus.br/eleitor/servicos/justificativa-eleitoral . 14 July 2019 . 2 July 2019 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  23. Web site: Perguntas e respostas . Questions and answers . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005546/https://www.tre-sp.jus.br/eleitor/perguntas-e-respostas . 2 October 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Regional Electoral Court of São Paulo . pt.
  24. Web site: Electoral fine . https://web.archive.org/web/20211216043449/https://www.tre-rj.jus.br/eleitor/perguntas-frequentes/multa-eleitoral . 16 December 2021 . Regional Electoral Court of Rio de Janeiro . pt.
  25. Web site: Resolution no. 23.659, of 26 October 2021, articles 127 and 133 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211214213911/https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/compilada/res/2021/resolucao-no-23-659-de-26-de-outubro-de-2021 . 14 December 2021 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  26. Web site: Voter abroad . https://web.archive.org/web/20211124112715/https://www.tse.jus.br/eleitor/eleitor-no-exterior . 24 November 2021 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  27. Web site: Com estatuto de igualdade de direitos políticos, há mais de 26 mil portugueses aptos a votar no Brasil . https://web.archive.org/web/20211124112713/https://orapois.blogfolha.uol.com.br/2021/05/05/com-estatuto-de-igualdade-politica-ha-mais-de-26-mil-portugueses-aptos-a-votar-no-brasil/ . 24 November 2021 . 4 June 2022 . Ora Pois . pt.
  28. Web site: Resolução nº 23.609, de 18 de dezembro de 2019 . Resolution no. 23609, of 18 October 2019 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005545/https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/compilada/res/2019/resolucao-no-23-609-de-18-de-dezembro-de-2019 . 2 October 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  29. Web site: Entenda as diferenças entre coligações e federações e veja como funcionarão – Notícias . https://web.archive.org/web/20220121014656/https://www.camara.leg.br/noticias/811671-entenda-as-diferencas-entre-coligacoes-e-federacoes-e-veja-como-funcionarao/ . 21 January 2022 . 21 January 2022 . Portal da Câmara dos Deputados . pt.
  30. Web site: Party federations registered in TSE . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220817143230/https://www.tse.jus.br/partidos/federacoes-registradas-no-tse/federacoes-partidarias-registradas-no-tse . 17 August 2022 . 15 August 2022 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  31. News: Teixeira . Fabio . 26 August 2020 . Brazil fights racism with new campaign rules for Black politicians . Reuters . 29 January 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210124180149/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-race-elections-idUSKBN25M2QN . 24 January 2021.
  32. Web site: Resolution no. 23669, of 14 December 2021 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005606/https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/compilada/res/2021/resolucao-no-23-669-de-14-de-dezembro-de-2021 . 2 October 2022 . 2 September 2022 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  33. Web site: Eleitorado da eleição . Electorate of the election . Superior Electoral Court . pt .
  34. Web site: 20 September 2022 . Saiba quantas zonas e seções eleitorais há no Brasil . Know how many electoral zones and sections there are in Brazil . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005546/https://www.poder360.com.br/podereleitoral/saiba-quantas-zonas-e-secoes-eleitorais-ha-no-brasil/ . 2 October 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Poder 360 . pt.
  35. Web site: 24 August 2022 . Magistrados estaduais do Amazonas designados para atuar no processo eleitoral levam a cidadania, por meio do voto, aos locais mais distantes do Estado . State magistrates of Amazonas designated to act in the electoral process bring citizenship, by means of vote, to the most distant locations of the state . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005550/https://www.tjam.jus.br/index.php/menu/sala-de-imprensa/6636-magistrados-estaduais-do-amazonas-designados-para-atuar-no-processo-eleitoral-levam-a-cidadania-por-meio-do-voto-aos-locais-mais-distantes-do-estado . 2 October 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Court of Justice of Amazonas . pt.
  36. Web site: 27 September 2022 . Saiba mais sobre as eleições brasileiras no exterior . Know more about Brazilian elections abroad . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220927234840/https://www.tre-df.jus.br/comunicacao/noticias/2022/Setembro/saiba-mais-sobre-as-eleicoes-brasileiras-no-exterior-1 . 27 September 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Regional Electoral Court of the Federal District . pt.
  37. Web site: Auditoria e fiscalização . Audit and inspection . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220906163720/https://www.justicaeleitoral.jus.br/urna-eletronica/oportunidades-de-auditoria-e-fiscalizacao.html . 6 September 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Electoral Justice . pt.
  38. Web site: Urna eletrônica . Electronic voting machine . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220627133313/https://www.justicaeleitoral.jus.br/urna-eletronica/impressao-do-voto.html . 27 June 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Electoral Justice . pt.
  39. Web site: 27 September 2022 . Votação em todo o país seguirá o horário de Brasília . Voting in all of the country will follow Brasília time . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005546/https://www.tse.jus.br/comunicacao/noticias/2022/Setembro/votacao-em-todo-pais-seguira-o-horario-de-brasilia . 2 October 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  40. Web site: 12 September 2022 . STF nega medida cautelar para reverter horário de votação no Acre . Supreme Federal Court denies injunction to revert voting time in Acre . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220913151503/https://g1.globo.com/ac/acre/eleicoes/2022/noticia/2022/09/12/stf-nega-medida-cautelar-para-reverter-horario-de-votacao-no-acre.ghtml . 13 September 2022 . 30 September 2022 . G1.
  41. Web site: 14 December 2021 . Voting start time in the whole country will be standardized by Brasília time, TSE decides . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220628125518/https://www.tse.jus.br/comunicacao/noticias/2021/Dezembro/horario-de-inicio-de-votacao-em-todo-o-pais-sera-uniformizado-pelo-horario-de-brasilia-decide-tse . 28 June 2022 . 26 June 2022 . Superior Electoral Court . pt.
  42. Web site: 27 September 2022 . Voto no exterior . Vote abroad . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005547/https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/arquivos/eleicoes-2022-fact-sheet-27-09.pdf . 2 October 2022 . 30 September 2022 . Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil . pt.
  43. Web site: 1 November 2022 . 8 políticos que entram no jogo para a disputa da Presidência da República em 2026 . 3 January 2023 . Jornal Opção . pt-BR.
  44. Web site: Caiado busca apoio de Bolsonaro para Presidência: 'Preciso fazer por merecer'. O Tempo. pt-br. 27 January 2024. 28 January 2024.
  45. Web site: Agências . 5 November 2022 . MBL quer lançar candidato próprio à Presidência em 2026 O TEMPO . 13 January 2023 . www.otempo.com.br . pt-BR.
  46. Web site: MBL: Kim anuncia Gentili como candidato a presidente em 2026 . 19 January 2023 . pleno.news . pt.
  47. Web site: 28 December 2022 . Tebet assumirá cargo-chave de olho na disputa pela Presidência em 2026 Metrópoles . 3 January 2023 . www.metropoles.com . pt-BR.
  48. Web site: Entrevista: 'Tem eu. Não esqueçam de mim, sou boa', diz Damares sobre alternativas da direita para 2026 . 28 March 2023 . O Globo . pt-br.
  49. Web site: Lo-Bianco . Alessandro . 11 January 2023 . Luciano Huck tem sinal verde para contrato longo nos domingos da Globo . 12 January 2023 . iG . pt-BR.
  50. Web site: Berutti . Ana Karenina . 5 December 2022 . PSDB busca se reinventar após perda de protagonismo em Minas O TEMPO . 3 January 2023 . www.otempo.com.br . pt-BR.
  51. Web site: 3 January 2023 . Lula pode disputar a reeleição em 2026, diz ministro Rui Costa . 3 January 2023 . Folha de S.Paulo . pt-BR.
  52. Web site: 2 January 2023 . Brasil: asumieron los gobernadores de los 27 estados y esperan una reunión con Lula Algunos se perfilan como presidenciables para los comicios de 2026 . 4 January 2023 . PAGINA12 . es.
  53. Web site: 29 December 2022 . Análise: Lula cria novo centrão para chamar de seu de olho em 2026 . 4 January 2023 . Folha de S.Paulo . pt-BR.
  54. Web site: Em show, Chitãozinho lança Ratinho Junior para presidente em 2026 . 12 September 2023 . Gazeta do Povo . pt-BR.
  55. Web site: Ratinho Junior admite ser candidato à Presidência em 2026: 'Natural'.. 12 September 2023 . UOL . pt-BR.
  56. Web site: Lula ainda não tomou posse e esquerda já busca sucessor . 4 January 2023 . www.dn.pt . pt-PT.
  57. Web site: Redação . 2 January 2023 . Superexposição de Flávio Dino causou ciúmes entre os petistas durante toda transição de Lula . 3 January 2023 . Enquanto Isso no Maranhão . pt-br.
  58. Web site: 6 January 2023 . Michelle Bolsonaro pode ser candidata a presidente da República em 2026 . 8 January 2023 . Jornal Opção . pt-BR.
  59. Web site: 6 February 2023 . Michelle Bolsonaro afirma que não será candidata em 2026 Metrópoles . 6 February 2023 . www.metropoles.com . pt-BR.
  60. Web site: 2 January 2023 . Bolsonaro não vê Lula como candidato em 4 anos e mira dois adversários Metrópoles . 3 January 2023 . www.metropoles.com . pt-BR.
  61. Web site: Tortella . Tiago . 3 July 2023 . Tarcísio de Freitas vê com cautela "herança política" de Jair Bolsonaro . 4 July 2023 . CNN Brasil . pt-BR.
  62. Web site: 30 June 2023 . Former Brazilian President Bolsonaro barred from elections until 2030, court rules - CBS News . 6 July 2023 . www.cbsnews.com . en-US.
  63. News: Nicas . Jack . 30 June 2023 . Brazil Bars Bolsonaro From Office for Election-Fraud Claims . en-US . The New York Times . 6 July 2023 . 0362-4331.
  64. Web site: Partidos políticos registrados no TSE. Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. pt-br. 5 May 2023. 17 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220817143239/https://www.tse.jus.br/partidos/partidos-registrados-no-tse/registrados-no-tse. dead.
  65. Web site: Senadores em Exercício - 57ª Legislatura (2023–2027). Senado Federal. pt-br. 5 May 2023.
  66. Web site: Bancada Atual. Câmara dos Deputados. pt-br. 5 May 2023.
  67. Web site: Lideranças Parlamentares. Senado Federal. pt-br. 5 May 2023.
  68. Web site: Aguiar . Victor . Pesquisa simula eleição com Lula contra Bolsonaro, Michelle e Tarcísio; veja cenários . 2024-07-30 . CNN Brasil . pt-BR.
  69. Web site: Lula venceria Tarcísio, mas casal Bolsonaro mantém força para 2026. Poder360. pt-br. 24 May 2024. 24 May 2024.
  70. Web site: Pesquisa de Opinião Pública Nacional - Janeiro de 2024. Paraná Pesquisas. pt-br. 9 February 2024. 15 February 2024.
  71. Web site: Pesquisa: Lula lidera com folga, e Tarcísio é nome mais forte da oposição. Veja. pt-br. 13 October 2023. 14 October 2023.

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