2024 Panamanian general election explained

Country:	Panama
Previous Election:	2019 Panamanian general election
Previous Year:	2019
Next Election:	2029 Panamanian general election
Next Year:	2029
Election Date:	5 May 2024
Module:	Type: presidential Election Name: Presidential election Embed: yes Ongoing: no Turnout: 77.64% (4.64pp) Image1: José Raúl Mulino 2014.jpg Candidate1: José Raúl Mulino Running Mate1: None Party1: Realizing Goals Alliance1: RM–Alianza Popular Vote1: 778,772 Percentage1: 34.23% Candidate2: Ricardo Lombana Running Mate2: Michael Chen Party2: Another Way Movement Popular Vote2: 559,432 Percentage2: 24.59% Image3: Martín Torrijos.jpg Candidate3: Martín Torrijos Party3: People's Party (Panama) Popular Vote3: 364,576 Percentage3: 16.03% Image4: Romulo Roux (cropped).jpg Candidate4: Rómulo Roux Running Mate4: José Blandón Party4: Democratic Change (Panama) Alliance4: CD–PPa Popular Vote4: 258,818 Percentage4: 11.38% Image5: Zulay Rodríguez 2023 (cropped).jpg Candidate5: Zulay Rodríguez Running Mate5: Athenas Athanasiadis Party5: Independent politician Popular Vote5: 150,338 Percentage5: 6.61% Image6: José Gabriel Carrizo (cropped).jpg Candidate6: José Gabriel Carrizo Running Mate6: Camilo Alleyne Party6: Democratic Revolutionary Party Popular Vote6: 133,791 Percentage6: 5.88% President Before Election: Laurentino Cortizo Before Party: Democratic Revolutionary Party After Election: José Raúl Mulino After Party: Realizing Goals Module: Embed: yes Election Name: Legislative election Seats For Election: All 71 seats in the National Assembly Majority Seats: 36 Turnout: 75.75% (5.04pp) Leader1: Ricardo Martinelli Party1: Realizing Goals Last Election1: New Seats1: 14 Percentage1: 17.17 Leader2: Benicio Robinson Party2: Democratic Revolutionary Party Last Election2: 35 Seats2: 13 Percentage2: 16.25 Leader3: Rómulo Roux Party3: Democratic Change (Panama) Last Election3: 18 Seats3: 8 Percentage3: 11.19 Leader4: José Blandón Party4: Panameñista Party Last Election4: 8 Seats4: 8 Percentage4: 10.64 Leader5: Ricardo Lombana Party5: Another Way Movement Last Election5: New Seats5: 3 Percentage5: 6.99 Leader6: Daniel Javier Brea Party6: People's Party (Panama) Last Election6: 0 Seats6: 2 Percentage6: 6.01 Leader7: José Muñoz Party7: Alliance Party (Panama) Last Election7: 0 Seats7: 2 Percentage7: 2.91 Leader8: Francisco Aleman Party8: Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement Last Election8: 5 Seats8: 1 Percentage8: 3.17 Leader9: – Party9: Independents Last Election9: 5 Seats9: 20 Percentage9: 24.06 Map: 2024 Panamanian legislative election results.svg Module: Embed: yes Election Name: Central American Parliament election Seats For Election: 20 Panamanian seats in the Central American Parliament Leader1: Ricardo Martinelli Party1: Realizing Goals Last Election1: New Seats1: 9 Percentage1: 29.39 Leader2: Daniel Javier Brea Party2: People's Party (Panama) Last Election2: 1 Seats2: 5 Percentage2: 16.02 Leader3: Zulay Rodríguez Party3: Zulay Rodríguez list Color3: EA2C8E Last Election3: New Seats3: 2 Percentage3: 6.60 Leader4: Benicio Robinson Party4: Democratic Revolutionary Party Last Election4: 7 Seats4: 1 Percentage4: 5.56 Leader5: José Blandón Party5: Panameñista Party Last Election5: 2 Seats5: 1 Percentage5: 5.29 Leader6: José Muñoz Party6: Alliance Party (Panama) Last Election6: 1 Seats6: 1 Percentage6: 4.84 Leader7: Francisco Aleman Party7: Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement Last Election7: 1 Seats7: 1 Percentage7: 0.32

General elections were held in Panama on 5 May 2024 to elect a new President of Panama, members of the National Assembly and local governments.^{[1] [2]} Due to constitutional term limits, incumbent president Laurentino Cortizo was ineligible for a second consecutive term.^[3] The winners of the general election, including the new president of Panama, were inaugurated on 1 July.^[4]

The conservative candidate José Raúl Mulino, who was appointed as presidential candidate of Realizing Goals following the conviction and subsequent disqualification of former president Ricardo Martinelli,^[5] won the election with 34.2% of the vote.^{[6] [7]} Mulino defeated a total of seven other candidates, among whom his closest rival was Ricardo Lombana of MOCA, who received around 24.6%.^[8]

The governing Democratic Revolutionary Party suffered its worst ever electoral result, despite being the largest political party in Panama.^[9] Its candidate, incumbent vice president José Gabriel Carrizo, came in sixth place with 5.88% of the vote; and the party suffered significant losses in the legislative and local elections, losing the mayorships of the most populated districts of the country, including Panamá District,^[10] San Miguelito,^[11] Colón,^[12] Arraiján,^[13] La Chorrera,^[14] David,^[15] and Santiago de Veraguas.^[16]

In contrast, there was an outstanding performance by new parties and independent politicians. Realizing Goals, the party of the president-elect, which was founded in 2021 by former president Ricardo Martinelli, gained 14 seats in the National Assembly. Another Way Movement, founded in late 2019 by Ricardo Lombana, became the most-voted opposition party by gaining a fourth of the presidential vote, three members of the National Assembly and numerous local governments, including the mayorship of Santiago.^[17] Neither the Democratic Revolutionary Party or the Panameñista Party, the traditional biggest two parties of Panama, were in either of the top two coalitions.^[18]

Electoral system

Of the 71 members of the National Assembly, 26 are elected in single-member constituencies and 45 by proportional representation in multi-member constituencies. Each district with more than 40,000 inhabitants forms a constituency. Constituencies elect one MP for every 30,000 residents and an additional representative for every fraction over 10,000.^[19] Around three million people were eligible to vote in the election.^[20]

In single-member constituencies MPs are elected using the first-past-the-post system. In multi-member constituencies MPs are elected using party list proportional representation according to a double quotient; the first allocation of seats uses a simple quotient, further seats are allotted using the quotient divided by two, with any remaining seats are awarded to the parties with the greatest remainder.

The president is elected by plurality vote in a single round.

Presidential candidates

Declared

• Rómulo Roux, former minister.^[21]
• José Gabriel Carrizo, current vice-president of Panama and member of Democratic Revolutionary Party.^[22]
• Ricardo Lombana, former presidential candidate and leader of Movimiento Otro Camino.^[23]
• Martín Torrijos, former president of Panama.^[24]
• , former vice-presidential candidate.^[25]
• Zulay Rodríguez, a deputy and the First Vice President of the National Assembly.^[26]
• José Raúl Mulino, former minister.^[27]
• , diplomat and former minister.^[28]

Candidate selection

Independent candidates

In order to get on the ballot, independents had to gather and submit an amount of signatures that exceeded 2% of the vote in the previous election for the position they were seeking, with a maximum of three independent nominations per position.^{[29] [30]} The three independent presidential nominations were won by Zulay Rodríguez,^[31] a two-term Assembly member for the Democratic Revolutionary Party, Maribel Gordón, an economist and 2019 vice-presidential candidate of the now-defunct Broad Front for Democracy,^{[32] [33] [34]} and Melitón Arrocha, a former Commerce Minister and member of the Assembly for the Panameñista Party.^{[35] [36]}

Realizing Goals

The presidential primary of the Realizing Goals party, a new party founded by former president Ricardo Martinelli due to disagreements with the president of Democratic Change (also originally founded by Martinelli), Rómulo Roux,^{[37] [38]} was held on 4 June 2023.^[39] Martinelli won the nomination with over 96% of the primary vote. He attempted to select his wife, Marta Linares de Martinelli, as his running mate,^[40] but the legality of this selection was questioned and resulted in Linares declining the vice-presidential nomination.^[41] José Raúl Mulino was subsequently selected as RM's official vice-presidential candidate. The party also celebrated an alliance with the Alliance Party.^[42]

Democratic Revolutionary Party

The ruling Democratic Revolutionary Party held its primary election on 11 June 2023.^[43] Incumbent Vice-President José Gabriel Carrizo won with 53.5% of the vote against Assembly member Crispiano Adames,^[44] who won 29% of the primary vote. He selected Camilo Alleyne, a former health minister,^[45] as his running mate.^[46] The Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement maintained its alliance with the PRD.^{[47] [48]}

Democratic Change

The Democratic Change primary was held on 9 July 2023.^[49] Rómulo Roux, the party's 2019 presidential candidate and former canal and foreign minister,^[50] won the primary with 52.6% of the vote over Yanibel Ábrego, who attracted 46.2% of the vote. Ábrego, an Assembly member, ran promising to celebrate an electoral alliance with Martinelli and Realizing Goals.^[51]

Panameñista Party

José Isabel Blandón won the Panameñista Party primary unopposed. The party later formed an electoral alliance with Democratic Change.^[52] As such, Rómulo Roux became the party's presidential candidate, while Blandón became the vice-presidential candidate.^[53]

People's Party

The People's Party initially considered forming an alliance with Democratic Change and the Panameñista Party, but this proposal fell through.^[54] The party opted to nominate former president Martín Torrijos instead.^[55] Rosario Turner, a former health minister, was chosen as his running mate.^[56]

Another Way Movement

The Another Way Movement is a new political party founded by Ricardo Lombana, who came third in the 2019 Panamanian presidential election.^[57] It nominated Lombana for the presidency through a national congress, as the party has less than the 100,000 adherents that would require a primary.^[58] He selected Michael Chen as his running mate.^[59]

Independent Social Alternative Party

The new Independent Social Alternative Party (PAIS) initially selected José Alberto Álvarez as its candidate via a party congress on 29 July 2023.^[60] The party later backed the independent candidacy of Melitón Arrocha.^[61] The party declared it was not aware of Arrocha's April 29 decision to endorse Martín Torrijos, with party president Álvarez referring to it as an "unpleasant surprise."^[62] The party unlinked itself from Arrocha's decision.^[63] As Arrocha did not formally decline his candidacy, he remained on the ballot as both an independent candidate and PAIS's presidential candidate.^[64]

Disqualification of Ricardo Martinelli

In 2021, former president Ricardo Martinelli announced that he would run again for president as leader of Realizing Goals.^[65] On 18 July 2023, however, a criminal court sentenced him to more than 10 years' imprisonment for money laundering, relating to the "New Business" case involving the granting of lucrative government contracts to businesses that later transferred money to a front set up by Martinelli.^[66] His conviction was upheld by the Supreme Court on 2 February 2024, making him ineligible to run again for president in elections that he wanted to contest later in the year.^[67] On 4 March his candidacy was formally revoked by the Electoral Tribunal, which declared his running-mate, former foreign minister José Raúl Mulino, as the replacement presidential candidate in his place without a vice-president.^{[68] [69] [70]} On 3 May, the Supreme Court voted 8–1 to dismiss a legal challenge against Mulino's candidacy on the grounds that he was not selected as candidate in a party primary and lacked a vice-presidential candidate, arguing that to do so would be a greater harm to Realizing Goals and the Alliance Party, which would have been left without a presidential candidate.^[71]

Since his conviction in February 2024, Martinelli has insisted that he would continue his presidential campaign, but has since sought asylum at the Nicaraguan embassy in Panama City.^[72] He has posted video messages supporting Mulino throughout the campaign.^[4]

Campaign

The election was held against a backdrop of voter discontent. One poll found an 86% disapproval rating for the incumbent president, Nito Cortizo, and that 9 out of 10 of Panamanians thought the country was on the wrong path.^[73] Another found two out of three citizens wanted "radical change". The same poll found were 83% are dissatisfied with their democracy.^[74]

Among significant issues during the campaign were corruption, the economy, the environment and constitutional reform, with Rómulo Roux and Ricardo Lombana pledging to revise or replace the current constitution enacted in 1972. Specifically, Lombana wants the presidential election to be decided by a run-off. Martín Torrijos pledged to jumpstart the economy by investing in the Panama Canal, while Roux pledged to implement an "aggressive" job creation scheme and improve public services.

The closure of the Cobre Panamá copper mine in 2023 was also a significant issue, with all candidates supporting the Supreme Court's decision to annul a 20-year contract awarded to First Quantum Minerals as unconstitutional. However, Roux, Lombana and Maribel Gordón supported the total closure and conversion of the mining site.^[75]

On the topic of corruption, Lombana pledged to fight the influence of drug money in Panamanian politics. According to Gallup, 57% of Panamanians believed corruption is the most important issue ahead of the election.

José Raúl Mulino pledged to close the Darién Gap as a route for migrants heading to the United States and repatriate migrants already in Panama, while promising to respect their rights.^[76] He also pledged to provide help to Ricardo Martinelli once he was in office.^[77] Lombana opposed closing the Darién Gap and instead proposed to improve security conditions for migrants transiting the country.

Over the course of the campaign, Zulay Rodríguez attempted to resign her seat in the Assembly, without success.^[78]

On 30 April, presidential candidate Melitón Arrocha announced that he was supporting former president Martín Torrijos, but did not formally withdraw his candidacy.^{[79] [80]}

Opinion polls

Pollster	Date	Sample size	Mulino (RM)	Martinelli (RM)	Lombana (MOC)	Carrizo (PRD)	Roux (CD)	Blandón (PAN)	Torrijos (PP)	Other	Blank
Election Results	2 May 2024	2,274,918	34.2%		24.6%	5.9%	11.4%		16.0%	7.9%
Gallup Panama	23–27 April 2024	1,200	33.4%		17.4%	7.7%	13.3%		17.4%	10.6%
Statista Research Department	14–20 March 2024	–	35%		12%		14%		15%	19%	5.8%
Mercadeo Planificado	3–5 February 2024	–	26%		10.8%	6.5%	10.2%		10.8%		5.8%
2 February 2024		Ricardo Martinelli is disqualified by the Supreme Court His running mate José Raúl Mulino becomes Presidential Candidate
Acción Ciudadana	27 January–3 February 2024	1,200	40%		11%	4%	8%		9%		3%
C&E Research	10–15 January 2024	800	30%		12%	10%	14%		22%		3%
26 September 2023		José Isabel Blandón ends his presidential candidacy Becomes the running mate of Rómulo Roux
Gismo Services S.A.	19–23 August 2023	1,800	29%		5%	28%	13%	10%	7%		3%
Gallup Panama	2–10 August 2023	1,200	55%		8%	3%	9%	5%	11%	5%	13%
Gallup Panama	17–22 June 2023	1,200	66%		5%	6%	8%	2%	9%	4%	14%
C&E Research	17 May 2023	800	36%		9%	12%	16%	8%	19%
C&E Research	11 April 2023	800	44%		10%	3%	8%	5%	18%		12%
Gallup Panama	13–21 March 2023	1,200	62%		12%	1%	7%	4%	9%	5%	24%
Gismo Services	22–23 February 2023	1,800	33%		6%	29%	13%	9%		10%	6%
Gallup Panama	9–16 February 2023	1,200	62%		16%	5%	11%	5%		26%
Gismo Services	17–23 January 2023	1,800	30%		7%	27%	11%	9%		10%	6%
Gismo Services	6–10 December 2022	1,800	32%		9%	28%	12%	9%		10%	6%
Gismo Services	3–7 September 2022	1,800	35%		6%	27%	13%	7%			12%
Gismo Services	27–31 July 2022	1,800	34.1%		3.4%	26.1%	13.6%	6.8%			12%
Gismo Services	7–11 May 2022	1,800	35.3%		4.7%	27.1%	15.3%	8.2%			15%
Gismo Services	6–10 April 2022	1,800	37.1%		3.4%	25.8%	14.6%	9%			11%
Gallup Panama	11–16 March 2022	1,200	56.6%		13.3%	7.2%	2.4%	6%		14.4%	17%
Gismo Services	5–10 March 2022	1,800	39.8%		5.7%	23.9%	11.4%	8%			12%
Gallup Panama	5–9 February 2022	1,200	57.7%		12.8%	5.1%	4.1%	5.1%		8%	22%
Gismo Services	3–7 January 2022	1,800	44.9%		5.6%	22.5%	7.9%	5.6%			11%
Gismo Services	December 2021	1,800	45%		5%	19%	8%	4%		10%	9%

Conduct

Polling opened at 07:00 on 5 May and closed at 16:00 Eastern Standard Time.^[81] There were no reported incidents, and voting went smoothly.^[82] However, inconsistencies in vote counting were reported in Bocas del Toro, Panamá Province, Penonomé, and Veraguas.^[83]

Results

With a turnout of 77%, the election had the highest turnout since the end of military rule and the restoration of a democratic government in 1989.^[84]

Presidential election

All the parties received the 2% of the vote that is the minimum necessary to avoid dissolution in the presidential race, except the MOLIRENA and PAIS. MOLIRENA avoided dissolution by receiving 3% of the vote for deputy, but PAIS did not receive 2% in any election and so was dissolved.^{[85] [86]}

Election of PARLACEN Deputies

Also elected were Panama's deputies to the Central American Parliament. These were elected based on the presidential vote and distributed proportionally. MOCA and Democratic Change did not nominate any candidates.^[87] The following candidates were elected:^[88]

1. Carlos Outten (RM-Primary)/Ricardo Alberto Martinelli Linares (Alternate)
2. Giselle Burillo (RM-Primary)/Luis Enrique Martinelli Linares (Alternate)
3. José Ramos (RM-Primary)/Alma Lorena Cortés (Alternate)
4. Dorindo Cortez (RM-Primary)/David Ochy (Alternate)
5. Jaime Ford (RM-Primary)/Bayardo Martínez (Alternate)
6. Alma Rodríguez (RM-Primary)/David Reyes (Alternate)
7. Augusto Batista (RM-Primary)/César Zapata Muñoz (Alternate)
8. Virgilio Moreno (RM-Primary)/Héctor Santos Rudas (Alternate)
9. Rodrigo Farrugia (RM-Primary)/Mercedes González (Alternate)
10. Cirilo Salas (PP-Primary)/Bernardino González (Alternate)
11. Lesly Ariel Miranda (PP-Primary)/Nelson Solís (Alternate)
12. Eric Villarreal (PP-Primary)/Otilia Beker (Alternate)
13. Katiuska Farlanes (PP-Primary)/José Gil (Alternate)
14. Luis Castillo Ruiz (PP-Primary)/Mayra Rivera (Alternate)
15. Rubén Darío Campos (Independent-Primary)/Astrid Austin (Alternate)
16. Querube Henríquez (Independent-Primary)/Felipe Chen (Alternate)
17. Benicio Robinson (PRD-Primary)/Ernestina Morales (Alternate)
18. Juan Carlos Varela (Panameñista-Primary)/Itzi Atencio (Alternate)
19. Jackeline Muñoz (Alliance-Primary)/Honorio Quesada (Alternate)
20. Rachel González (MOLIRENA-Primary)/Mayling González (Alternate)

The outgoing president, Nito Cortizo, and the outgoing vice-president, José Gabriel Carrizo, are also automatically assigned a seat in the PARLACEN, but have not manifested whether they will take those seats.

The election saw several candidates under investigation, such as former president Juan Carlos Varela and the sons of former president Ricardo Alberto Martinelli Berrocal (who were elected as alternates), win. Several voices have spoken in favor of Panama leaving the PARLACEN.

Legislative election

The legislative elections produced no majority in the Assembly, necessitating the formation of coalitions in order to control the body. Ultimately, RM forged an alliance with the PRD, CD, the Alliance Party, MOLIRENA, 6 Panameñista deputies, and 1 People's Party deputy to control the Assembly with 44 votes and elected Dana Castañeda President of the National Assembly.^[89]

Political independents performed notably well in the election, winning 20 seats for a net gain of 15. Nineteen of these are affiliated with the Coalición Vamos,^[90] a political organization dedicated to helping political independents be elected to positions across the country, led by Juan Diego Vásquez and Gabriel Silva^[91] and which was endorsed by musician and former tourism minister, Rubén Blades.^[92] Eduardo Gaitán, who was elected in the multi-member constituency based in San Miguelito, received the most votes of any candidate for the Assembly in the country.^[93] Neftalí Zamora, also affiliated with Vamos, became the youngest member-elect of the Assembly.^[94] After the election, Betserai Richards, the sole independent not elected as part of Vamos, announced he would join Vamos's legislative grouping.^[95] The members of this group all renounced several privileges given to Assembly members, as did MOCA member-elect José Pérez Barboni.^[96]

The election also saw an extremely low rate of reelection among members who sought to retain their seats,^[97] as well as a large amount of young candidates who were elected to the Assembly and several major mayoralties.^[98]

Single-member circuits

Electoral circuit! colspan="3" rowspan="2"

Incumbent member	Electoral results
No.	Composition	Status		Candidates
2-2	Coclé Province Antón District		Melchor Herrera	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by CD.		Orlando Carrasquilla (CD) 34.00% Melchor Herrera (PRD) 17.35% Ricardo Solís (PAN) 15.45%
2–3	Coclé Province La Pintada District Natá District Olá District		Luis Ernesto Carles	PAN	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by RM.		Dana Castañeda (RM) 42.18% Juan Peralta (LP) 17.72% Luis Ernesto Carles (PAN) 16.34%
2–4	Coclé Province		Bernardino González	PAN	Incumbent member retired.New member elected. No partisan change.		Jorge Herrera (PAN) 31.11% John De León (MOLIRENA) 20.21% Omar Cornejo (RM) 16.36%
3-2	Colón Province Chagres District Donoso District Portobelo District Santa Isabel District Omar Torrijos Herrera District		Nelson Jackson	PRD	Incumbent member re-elected.		Nelson Jackson (PRD) 38.30% Yinela Ábrego (CD) 36.42% Jamil Solís (LP2) 10.95%
4-2	Chiriquí Province Barú District		Everardo Concepción	PAN	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by ALZ.		Osman Gómez (ALZ) 25.24% Sammy Bardayan Jr. (PRD) 18.02% Yesica Valdés (PP) 14.44%
4–4	Chiriquí Province Alanje District Boquerón District Renacimiento District		Gonzalo González	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by PAN.		Medin Jiménez (PAN) 34.13% Javier Saldaña (RM) 16.67% Gonzalo González (PRD) 13.54%
4–5	Chiriquí Province Boquete District Dolega District Gualaca District		Manolo Ruiz	MOLIRENA	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by LP.		Jhonathan Vega (LP) 20.38% Manolo Ruiz (MOLIRENA) 16.32% Alfonso Mou (CD) 14.22%
4–6	Chiriquí Province Remedios District San Félix District San Lorenzo District Tolé District		Ana Giselle Rosas	CD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by PP.		Eliécer Castrellón (PP) 38.91% Freddy Bonilla (PRD) 22.36% Ana Giselle Rosas (CD) 19.85%
5-1	Darién Province and Emberá-Wounaan Chepigana District Santa Fe District Sambú District		Arnulfo Díaz	CD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by MOLIRENA.		Isaac Mosquera (MOLIRENA) 30.61% Eduardo Paz (PRD) 23.37% Pastor Vargas (PP) 14.61%
5–2	Darién Province and Emberá-Wounaan Pinogana District Cémaco District		Jaime Vargas	PRD	Incumbent member re-elected.		Jaime Vargas (PRD) 37.60% Jorge Vargas (RM) 26.92% Ezequiel Ramírez (PP) 16.12%
6–1	Herrera Province Chitré District		Alejandro Castillero	PRD	Incumbent member lost renomination.New member elected. Seat gained by CD.		Manuel Cohen (CD) 33.78% Penélope Nanín (RM) 25.00% Joselito Villalaz (MOCA) 20.71%
6-2	Herrera Province Los Pozos District Parita District Pesé District		Julio Mendoza	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by PAN.		José Luis Varela (PAN) 59.36% Melany Varela (RM) 23.39% Julio Mendoza (PRD) 13.02%
6-3	Herrera Province Las Minas District Ocú District Santa María District		Marcos Castillero	PRD	Incumbent member re-elected.		Marcos Castillero (PRD) 33.30% Darío Marín (RM) 31.73% Juan Torres (PAN) 29.90%
7-1	Los Santos Province Guararé District Las Tablas District Pedasí District Pocrí District		Eric Broce	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by CD.		Tito Afú (CD) 44.73% Severino Vega (ALZ) 14.29% Beatriz Cano (RM) 12.85%
7-2	Los Santos Province Los Santos District Macaracas District Tonosí District		Olivares De Frías	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by RM.		Ronald De Gracia (RM) 27.99% Mariela Vega (CD) 24.69% Olivares De Frías (PRD) 16.54%
8-1	Panamá Province Balboa District Chepo District Chimán District Taboga District		Hernán Delgado	CD	Incumbent member retired.New member elected. Seat gained by ALZ.		Jony Guevara (ALZ) 34.80% Cristhian Brandao (LP2) 16.17% Carlos Batista (PRD) 15.83%
9-2	Veraguas Province La Mesa District Las Palmas District Soná District		Ariel Alba	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by RM.		Tomás Benavides (RM) 28.55% Albis Camarena (CD) 27.68% Luigi Ábrego (MOLIRENA) 13.43%
9-3	Veraguas Province Calobre District Cañazas District San Francisco District Santa Fe District		Eugenio Bernal	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by PAN.		Francisco Brea (PAN) 41.75% Eugenio Bernal (PRD) 22.13% José Valencia (PP) 19.35%
9–4	Veraguas Province Atalaya District Mariato District Montijo District Río de Jesús District		Ricardo Torres	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by CD.		Didiano Pinilla (CD) 38.46% Ricardo Torres (PRD) 22.44% Celestino González (RM) 15.37%
10-1	Guna Yala Comarca Ailigandí Madugandí Narganá		Petita Ayarza	PRD	Incumbent member lost renomination.New member elected. No partisan change.		Flor Brenes (PRD) 30.95% Luciani Herrera (RM) 26.38% Fidelio Alfaro (PAN) 20.23%
10-2	Guna Yala Comarca Ailigandí Puerto Obaldía Tubualá Wargandí		Arquesio Arias	PRD	Incumbent member re-elected.		Arquesio Arias (PRD) 26.76% Iguaibiliquina Hedman (CD) 25.23% Rodelick Richards (PP) 24.86%
12–1	Ngäbe-Buglé Comarca Kankintú District Kusapín District Jirondai District Santa Catalina o Calovébora District		Leopoldo Archibold	CD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by PAN.		Roberto Archibold (PAN) 37.33% Sebastián Jiménez (PRD) 34.55% Leopoldo Archibold (RM) 14.49%
12-2	Ngäbe-Buglé Comarca Besikó District Mironó District Nole Duima District		Adán Bejerano	LP	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by PRD.		Nixon Andrade (PRD) 33.59% Diego Rodríguez (CD) 24.62% Felicia Bejerano (PAN) 22.71%
12-3	Ngäbe-Buglé Comarca Müna District Ñürüm District		Ricardo Santo	PRD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by CD.		Gertrudis Rodríguez (CD) 33.79% Ricardo Santo (PRD) 18.32% Ramón Mendoza (RM) 12.15%
13-2	Panamá Oeste Province Capira District		Yanibel Ábrego	CD	Incumbent member retired.New member elected. No partisan change.		Eduardo Vásquez (CD) 45.33% Jorge Ramos (PRD) 36.89% Jafeph Betesh (LP2) 8.33%
13-3	Panamá Oeste Province Chame District San Carlos District		José Junier Herrera	CD	Incumbent member lost re-election.New member elected. Seat gained by PAN.		Edwin Vergara (PAN) 36.60% José Herrera (PRD) 33.39% Joaquín Frías (LP1) 18.55%

Multi-member circuits

Electoral circuit! rowspan="2" width="31%"

Incumbent members	Elected members
No.		Composition
1-1	Bocas del Toro Province and Naso Tjër Di Naso Tjër Di Comarca Almirante District Bocas del Toro District Changuinola District Chiriquí Grande District	Abel Beker (PRD) Benicio Robinson (PRD)	Remainder, 16 933 votes: Yesica Romero (CD) Remainder, 16 873 votes: Benicio Robinson (PRD)
2-1	Coclé Province Penonomé District	Néstor Guardia (PRD) Daniel Ramos (PRD)	Remainder, 12 245 votes: Julio De La Guardia (CD) Remainder, 9733 votes: Néstor Guardia (PRD)
3-1	Colón Province Colón District	Leopoldo Benedetti (CD) Mariano López (PRD) Jairo Salazar (PRD) Pedro Torres (PAN)	Half-Quotient, 21 304 votes: Víctor De Jesús (RM) Half-Quotient, 13 495 votes: Yamireliz Chong (LP) Half-Quotient, 13 161 votes: Jairo Salazar (PRD) Remainder, 16 879 votes: Rogelio Revello (RM)
4-1	Chiriquí Province David District	Fernando Arce (PRD) Miguel Fanovich (MLRN) Hugo Méndez (PAN)	Half-Quotient, 20 150 votes: Augusto Palacios (LP) Half-Quotient, 18 750 votes: Carlos Saldaña (LP) Half-Quotient, 11 588 votes: Jamis Acosta (RM)
4-3	Chiriquí Province Bugaba District Tierras Altas District	Rony Araúz (PRD) Juan Esquivel (CD)	Half-Quotient, 13 169 votes: Ricardo Vigil (PAN) Remainder, 9712 votes: Ariana Coba (PAN)
8-2	Panamá Province San Miguelito District	Francisco Alemán (MLRN) Leandro Ávila (PRD) Itzi Atencio (PAN) Dalia Bernal (CD) Raúl Pineda (PRD) Juan Diego Vásquez (LP) Zulay Rodríguez (PRD)	Quotient, 65 948 votes: Eduardo Gaitán (LP) Quotient, 64 165 votes: Luis Duke (LP) Quotient, 63 014 votes: Alexandra Brenes (LP) Quotient, 18 863 votes: Luis Eduardo Camacho (RM) Half-Quotient, 15 419 votes: Raúl Pineda (PRD) Remainder, 61 909 votes: Yarelis Rodríguez (LP) Disputed seat, initially allocated to Luis Ortega (RM), by Zulay Rodríguez (LP).^[99]
8-3	Panamá District Ancón Bella Vista Betania Calidonia Curundú El Chorrillo Pueblo Nuevo San Felipe Santa Ana	Crispiano Adames (PRD) Héctor Brands (PRD) Corina Cano (MLRN) Sergio Gálvez (CD) Gabriel Silva (LP)	Quotient, 29 283 votes: Walkiria Chandler (LP) Quotient, 14 443 votes: Crispiano Adames (PRD) Half-Quotient, 13 607 votes: Sergio Gálvez (RM) Half-Quotient, 11 960 votes: José Pérez Barboni (MOCA) Remainder, 28 581 votes: Paulette Thomas (LP)
8-4	Panamá District Don Bosco Juan Díaz Parque Lefevre Río Abajo San Francisco	Edison Broce (LP) Víctor Castillo (PRD) Mayín Correa (CD) Raúl Fernández (LP) Javier Sucre (PRD)	Quotient, 39 576 votes: Roberto Zúñiga (LP) Half-Quotient, 14 216 votes: Ernesto Cedeño (MOCA) Half-Quotient, 10 488 votes: Javier Sucre (PRD) Remainder, 39 044 votes: Jorge Bloise (LP) Remainder, 12 459 votes: Grace Hernández (MOCA)
8-5	Panamá District Alcalde Díaz Caimitillo Chilibre Ernesto Córdoba Campos Las Cumbres	Génesis Arjona (CD) Alina González (PRD) Tito Rodríguez (MLRN)	Quotient, 34 754 votes: Neftalí Zamora (LP) Remainder, 33 681 votes: Jorge Gonzáles (LP) Remainder, 13 827 votos: Ariel Vallarino (RM)
8-6	Panamá District 24 de Diciembre Las Garzas Las Mañanitas Pacora Pedregal San Martín Tocumen	Alaín Cedeño (CD) Cenobia Vargas (PRD) Elías Vigil (PAN) Edwin Zúñiga (CD)	Half-Quotient, 33 701 votes: Betserai Richards (LP) Half-Quotient, 27 424 votes: Alaín Cedeño (RM) Half-Quotient, 22 346 votes: Manuel Samaniego (LP) Half-Quotient, 14 507 votes: Raphael Buchanan (PRD)
9-1	Veraguas Province Santiago District	Fátima Agrazal (CD) Luis Cruz (PRD)	Half-Quotient, 15 457 votes: Janine Prado (LP) Remainder, 12 966 votes: Miguel A. Campos (LP)
13-1	Panamá Oeste Province Arraiján District	Kayra Harding (PRD) Yesenia Rodríguez (PAN) Marylin Vallarino (CD)	Half-Quotient, 23 428 votes: Lenin Ulate (LP) Half-Quotient, 20 083 votos: Shirley Castañedas (RM) Remainder, 21 785 votes: Manuel Cheng (LP)
13-4	Panamá Oeste Province La Chorrera District	Roberto Ábrego (PRD) Roberto Ayala (PRD) Lilia Batista (CD)	Half-Quotient, 20 376 votes: Yuzaida Marín (RM) Remainder, 19 311 votes: Lilia Batista (RM) Remainder, 12 107 votes: Patsy Lee (PP)

Incumbents who retired

The following incumbents opted not to run for reelection or sought a different office:

• Bernandino González(Panameñista Party): Retired.
• Leopoldo Benedetti (Democratic Change): Retired.
• Hernán Delgado (Democratic Change): Sought to become the alternate deputy for the seat, running for RM with his daughter as the principal candidate.
• Juan Diego Vásquez (Independent): Retired.
• Gabriel Silva (Independent): Retired.
• Mayín Correa (Democratic Change): Retired.
• Edison Broce (Independent): Sought the mayoralty of Panama City.
• Yesenia Rodríguez (Panameñista Party): Retired.
• Yanibel Ábrego (Democratic Change): Sought the Democratic Change presidential nomination.

Incumbents defeated

60 incumbents ran for reelection, but the vast majority were defeated:^[100]

1. Abel Beker (Democratic Revolutionary Party)^{[101] [102]}
2. Daniel Ramos (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
3. Melchor Herrera (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
4. Luis Ernesto Carles (Panameñista Party)
5. Pedro Torres (Panameñista Party)
6. Fernando Arce (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
7. Miguel Fanovich (MOLIRENA)
8. Hugo Méndez (Panameñista Party)
9. Everardo Concepción (Panameñista Party)
10. Juan Esquivel (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
11. Rony Araúz (Democratic Change)
12. Gonzalo González (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
13. Manolo Ruiz (MOLIRENA)^[103]
14. Ana Giselle Rosas (Democratic Change)
15. Arnulfo Díaz (Democratic Change)
16. Julio Mendoza (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
17. Eric Broce (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
18. Olivares Frías (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
19. Dalia Bernal (Democratic Change)^[104]
20. Leandro Ávila (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
21. Zulay Rodríguez (Democratic Revolutionary Party)^[105]
22. Itzi Atencio (Panameñista Party)
23. Pancho Alemán (MOLIRENA)
24. Héctor Brands (Democratic Revolutionary Party)^[102]
25. Corina Cano (MOLIRENA)
26. Victor Castillo (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
27. Raúl Fernández (Independent)
28. Génesis Arjona (Democratic Change)
29. Alina González (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
30. Tito Rodríguez (MOLIRENA)
31. Cenobia Vargas (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
32. Edwin Zúñiga (Democratic Change)
33. Elías Vigil (Panameñista Party)
34. Luis Rafael Cruz (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
35. Fátima Agrazal (Democratic Change)
36. Ariel Alba (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
37. Eugenio Bernal (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
38. Ricardo Torres (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
39. Leopoldo Archibold (Democratic Change)
40. Adan Bejerano (Independent)
41. Ricardo Santo (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
42. Kayra Harding (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
43. Marylín Vallarino (Democratic Change)
44. José Junier Herrera (Democratic Change)
45. Roberto Ábrego (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
46. Roberto Ayala (Democratic Revolutionary Party)

Incumbents who lost renomination

Three incumbents, all of the Democratic Revolutionary Party, were defeated in primary elections:^[106]

1. Mariano López (Democratic Revolutionary Party)^[107]
2. Alejandro Castillero (Democratic Revolutionary Party)
3. Petita Ayarza (Democratic Revolutionary Party)

Controversies

Some seats saw disputed results. Twenty-two elected deputies saw their elections challenged.^[108]

In Bocas del Toro, one seat was allocated to Democratic Change candidate Yesica Romero, while the second is contested between Benicio Robinson, one of the incumbent PRD members who is also the party's president, and Ubalde Vallejos of the Panameñista Party. Official results certified Robinson as the winner, but Vallejos announced he will challenge the results, alleging Robinson spent 3 million dollars on the campaign,^[109] in excess of the 300,000 dollar spending limit imposed.^[110] Vallejos formally filed the challenge on 23 May.^[111] The challenge was rejected.^[112]

In Penonomé, one seat was allocated to Democratic Change candidate Julio De La Guardia, while the second went to Another Way Movement (MOCA) candidate Víctor Carles in preliminary results. In the final results, this seat was instead allocated to PRD incumbent Néstor Guardia. MOCA announced it will challenge these results.^[113] The party filed two criminal proceedings in relation to the election, citing "grave irregularities" in the Unofficial Transmission of Results System and requesting access to all entries made to the system from 7 and 10 May.^{[114] [115]}

The tensions caused by the result in the constituency and the Santiago de Veraguas mayoral election prompted the Electoral Tribunal to call for calm.^[116]

In the 2–3 constituency, the eligibility of the apparent winner, Dana Castañeda, was the subject of a legal challenge presented before the Electoral Tribunal since before the election.^[117] Castañeda was ultimately allowed to take the seat.^[118]

The result in the 3-2 constituency, where Nelson Jackson was elected, was challenged by Yinela Ábrego. However, Ábrego did not present the required deposit and so the challenge was dismissed.^[119]

In the 8-2 constituency, based in San Miguelito District, preliminary results showed Zulay Rodríguez winning a seat as an independent. However, final results showed the seat instead going to Omar Ortega of Realizing Goals. Rodríguez said 94 votes were taken from her and stated her lawyers will analyze the matter.^[120] She later announced she was 64 votes shy of retaining the seat and would challenge the results.^[121] Rodríguez formally filed the challenge and was joined by José Ruiloba, a PRD candidate^[122] and nephew of reelected deputy Raúl Pineda,^[123] who challenged the Vamos slate's third quotient seat.^[124] Ruiloba's challenge was dismissed, while Rodríguez's has not yet been resolved.^[125]

In Panama City, two seats emerged in contention. José Pérez Barboni, a MOCA member-elect for the 8-3 constituency, said the PRD attempted to swing the constituency's results in favor of their candidates. Paulette Thomas, a Vamos candidate also elected to another one of the constituency's five seats, backed Pérez Barboni's claims and stated her own election was also at risk.^[126] Ultimately, Pérez Barboni was certified as a member-elect.^[127]

In the 8-4 constituency, also in Panama City, unofficial results showed Grace Hernández of MOCA winning the constituency's fifth seat; these were challenged by Alejandro Pérez of the Realizing Goals party.^[128] Later on, PRD incumbent Victor Castillo also tried to claim the seat.^[129] Ultimately, Hernández won the seat and has been projected to be elected to the National Assembly of Panama.^{[130] [131]} Pérez later presented a legal challenge to the election of all five deputies in the circuit. The challenge was rejected.^[132]

In the 8-6 constituency, in eastern Panama City, the Electoral Prosecutor's Office challenged the election of Alaín Cedeño, designated leader of the Realizing Goals legislative grouping, alleging he exceeded campaign spending limits. Cedeño has accused José Muñoz, a fellow deputy candidate and president of RM's electoral ally, the Alliance Party, of being behind the challenge and the Electoral Prosecutor's Office of trying to give his seat to Muñoz.^[133] Later, Cecibel García challenged the constituency's full results.^[134] Both challenges were dismissed.^{[135] [136]}

In the 13-4 constituency, based in La Chorrera, PRD candidate Eliécer Montenegro filed a challenge to the election of the contituencies three deputies, citing "alterations and errors" in the vote count records.^{[137] [138]}

Mayoral elections

Panama City

Mayer Mizrachi, candidate of the People's Party, won the Panama City mayoral election with 32.5% of the vote, defeating Edison Broce, an independent Assembly member backed by the Another Way Movement, who took 27.4%. Willie Bermudez, head of the local government of the Don Bosco corregimiento backed by the alliance of the Panameñista Party and Democratic Change, won 18.9%.^[139] Sergio "Chello" Gálvez, an Assembly member nominated by the alliance of Realizing Goals and the Alliance Party, came in fourth with 11.4%,^[140] while incumbent PRD mayor José Luis Fábrega, also nominated by the PRD's electoral allies, the Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement, came in fifth with 7.4% of the vote.^[141]

In the 26-member city council, 7 seats were won by the PRD, 4 by RM, 5 by Vamos-affiliated independents, 4 by the CD/Panameñista alliance, 2 by non-Vamos independents, 2 by MOCA, and 2 by MOLIRENA.^[142]

San Miguelito

Irma Hernández, an independent affiliated with the Coalición Vamos por Panamá, won the San Miguelito mayoral election with just over 50%, defeating her closest rival Zulay Rodríguez (who also ran for president and reelection to the Assembly), nominated by RM and the Alliance Party, who won 31.1%. Héctor Carrasquilla, the incumbent PRD mayor, came in third with 11.7% of the vote.^[143]

Independent candidates also won a majority of five seats in the city council.^[144]

Arraiján

Stefany Dayan Peñalba, an independent endorsed by the PP, won the Arraiján mayoral election, defeating PRD incumbent Rollyns Rodríguez.^[145]

La Chorrera

Eloy Chong of Democratic Change won the La Chorrera mayoral election, defeating incumbent PRD mayor Tomás Vásquez.^[146]

Colón

Diógenes Galván, an independent backed by Democratic Change, won the Colón mayoral election with 30.5% of the vote. Luz Omaira, nominated by RM and Alliance, came in second place, while incumbent PRD mayor Alex Lee came in third.^[147]

David

Joaquín De León, nominated by the Panameñista Party and Democratic Change, won the David mayoral election with 41.5% of the vote, defeating incumbent mayor Antonio Araúz^[148] of the PRD-MOLIRENA alliance, who won 17.9%, and Juancy Morales, nominated by RM, who won 17.8%.^[149]

Santiago de Veraguas

The mayoral election election in Santiago de Veraguas was extremely close. The vote count, where Eric Jaén of the Another Way Movement and Itzela García of the PRD emerged as the primary contenders, generated tensions between supporters of the PRD and the MOCA, with Juan Diego Vásquez, leader of the Vamos Coalition, asking independent candidates to guard the votes.^[150] Ultimately, Jaén won over García by a margin of just two votes.^[151] García presented a legal challenge to the results, which was rejected.^[152]

Penonomé

Robin Kam, candidate of Realizing Goals, won the Penonomé mayoral election.^[153] He defeated incumbent mayor Paula González.^[154]

Reactions

Domestic

Fellow candidate Ricardo Lombana congratulated Mulino on his victory,^[155] followed by Martín Torrijos and Rómulo Roux.^[156]

Pedro Miguel González, a member of the Democratic Revolutionary Party, called for the resignation of the party's National Executive Committee, including that of party president Benicio Robinson, in the wake of the party's overwhelming defeat.^[157] Crispiano Adames, a reelected Assembly member, stated the party's internal situation was rather deteriorated,^[158] and resigned his position as first vice-president of the party.^[159] Robinson agreed with the need for restructuring but resisted calls for his resignation.^[160]

The board of directors of Democratic Change, led by Rómulo Roux, activated the process to select a new board of directors following the party's defeat.^{[161] [162]} Other party members directly called for Roux's resignation as party president,^[163] including former Roux allies like outgoing Penonomé mayor Paula González and Raúl Andrade.^[164] Several members, including outgoing Assembly member Mayín Correa, called for the party to ally itself with the incoming Realizing Goals administration.

The Panameñista Party started a review process to consider whether or not to replace the party leadership.^[165] Other party members, led by former president Mireya Moscoso and Jaime Alemán, said the alliance with Democratic Change was a mistake and called for Blandón to step down from the party leadership.^{[166] [167] [168]}

International

• El Salvador — President Nayib Bukele was the first international leader to call Mulino to congratulate him.^[169]
• United States — Secretary of State Antony Blinken congratulated Mulino on his victory, and said that he looked forward to continued strategic partnerships and curbing irregular migration through the Darien Gap.^[170]
• — The European External Action Service praised the high turnout and congratulated Mulino while saying they looked forward to working with the new administration. They also sent an Election Expert Mission to make a technical assessment of the electoral process.^[171]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Electoral Tribunal of Panama launched General Elections Plan for 2024 with technical assistance of International IDEA . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220422184839/https://www.idea.int/news-media/news/electoral-tribunal-panama-launched-general-elections-plan-2024-technical-assistance . 22 April 2022 . 25 April 2022 . www.idea.int.
2. Web site: 9 March 2023 . Panama begins registration for an advance vote in general elections . Prensa Latina . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240224123959/https://www.plenglish.com/news/2023/03/09/panama-begins-registration-for-an-advance-vote-in-general-elections/ . 24 February 2024 . 18 August 2023 . en-US.
3. Web site: Decree of the electoral court for the holding of elections . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20190915101602/https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DECRETO-22-Y-23-DEL-5-DE-MAYO-DE-2018.pdf . 15 September 2019 . 18 November 2018.
4. Web site: 5 May 2024 . Panama election: Voters to choose president after front-runner sentenced . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240505055811/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-68935251 . 5 May 2024 . 5 May 2024 . BBC . en.
5. Web site: 2 February 2024 . Panama Supreme Court lets ex-President Martinelli's sentence stand, likely ending his reelection bid . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240208084026/https://apnews.com/article/panama-ricardo-martinelli-president-432be99db9fc43d53a4d7aa52c1b45df . 8 February 2024 . 7 February 2024 . Associated Press News.
6. Web site: Mia Alberti . Juan Carlos Paz . 6 May 2024 . Panama's Mulino declared 'unofficial' winner of presidential election . 6 May 2024 . CNN . en . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171323/https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/06/americas/panama-election-mulino-unofficial-winner-intl-hnk/index.html . live .
7. News: 6 May 2024 . José Raúl Mulino: Stand-in for convicted candidate wins Panama presidency . 6 May 2024 . en-GB . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171329/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-68963959 . live .
8. News: Valentine Hilaire . Elida Moreno . 5 May 2024 . Panama's Mulino wins presidency with support from convicted former leader . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506023850/https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/panamanians-vote-crowded-field-presidential-contenders-2024-05-05/ . 6 May 2024 . 6 May 2024 . Reuters.
9. Web site: 6 May 2024 . El gobernante PRD obtiene su peor resultado presidencial en unas elecciones de Panamá . 6 May 2024 . infobae . es-ES . 7 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240507024720/https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2024/05/06/el-gobernante-prd-obtiene-su-peor-resultado-presidencial-en-unas-elecciones-de-panama/ . live .
10. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Mayer Mizrachi es el virtual alcalde de Panamá . 6 May 2024 . . es . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171329/https://www.prensa.com/politica/mayer-mizrachi-es-el-virtual-alcalde-de-panama/ . live .
11. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Irma Hernández, de la coalición Vamos, derrota a Zulay Rodríguez y a Valdés Carrasquilla en San Miguelito . 6 May 2024 . . es . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171322/https://www.prensa.com/politica/irma-hernandez-toma-ventaja-sobre-zulay-rodriguez-en-san-miguelito/ . live .
12. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Diógenes Galván derrota a Alex Lee en la alcaldía de Colón . 6 May 2024 . . es . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171323/https://www.prensa.com/politica/diogenes-galvan-derrota-a-alex-lee-en-la-alcaldia-de-colon/ . live .
13. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Stefany Dayan Peñalba le arrebata la alcaldía a Rollyns 'Tropa' Rodríguez en Arraiján . 6 May 2024 . www.midiario.com . es . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171330/https://www.midiario.com/nacionales/stefany-dayan-penalba-le-arrebata-la-alcaldia-a-rollyns-tropa-rodriguez-en-arraijan/ . live .
14. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Elecciones en Panamá 2024: Resultados de la Alcaldía de La Chorrera . 6 May 2024 . . es-PA . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171328/https://www.telemetro.com/politica/elecciones-panama-2024-resultados-la-alcaldia-la-chorrera-n5978899 . live .
15. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Elecciones en Panamá 2024: Resultados en la Alcaldía de David, provincia de Chiriquí . 6 May 2024 . Telemetro. es-PA . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171323/https://www.telemetro.com/nacionales/elecciones-2024-candidatos-la-alcaldia-david-provincia-chiriqui-n5978911 . live .
16. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Elecciones en Panamá 2024: Resultado para la Alcaldía de Santiago . 6 May 2024 . . es-PA . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171323/https://www.telemetro.com/politica/elecciones-panama-2024-resultado-la-alcaldia-santiago-n5979050 . live .
17. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Estos son los diputados de la nueva Asamblea Nacional; la mayoría son independientes . 6 May 2024 . . es . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171329/https://www.prensa.com/politica/asi-esta-quedando-conformada-la-nueva-asamblea-nacional-la-mayoria-son-diputados-independientes/ . live .
18. Web site: 9 May 2024 . La autopsia de una elección: ¿Por qué ganó José Raúl Mulino? . 9 May 2024 . . es . 9 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240509181657/https://www.prensa.com/blogs/blogoterapia/la-autopsia-de-una-eleccion-por-que-gano-jose-raul-mulino/ . live .
19. Web site: PANAMA Asamblea Nacional (National Assembly) ELECTORAL SYSTEM. Inter-Parliamentary Union. https://web.archive.org/web/20140429073441/http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2245_B.htm . 29 April 2014. 14 May 2024.
20. News: Former minister Jose Raul Mulino wins Panama presidential race . . 6 May 2024 . 6 May 2024 . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506004701/https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20240505-polls-close-in-panama-presidential-elections-with-eight-contenders . live .
21. Web site: America Elects Official . 17 September 2023 . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506023821/https://t.me/AmericaElects/324 . live .
22. Web site: 28 March 2022 . Panama´s ruling party sets course towards 2024 presidential elections – Prensa Latina . Pavel . López Lazo . . 25 April 2022 . en-US . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506024019/https://www.plenglish.com/news/2022/03/28/panamas-ruling-party-sets-course-towards-2024-presidential-elections/ . live .
23. Web site: 7 February 2022 . Política en Panamá: Lombana reitera el llamado a los independientes a unificar una 'visión de país' hacia el 2024 . 25 April 2022 . TVN . es-ES . 25 April 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220425224717/https://www.tvn-2.com/nacionales/Lombana-reitera-llamado-independientes-unificar-video_0_6054144562.html . live .
24. Web site: Martín Torrijos inicia campaña para volver a la presidencia de Panamá. es. Martín Torrijos begins campaign to return to the presidency of Panama. France 24. 28 April 2023. 26 May 2023. 26 May 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230526223630/https://www.france24.com/es/minuto-a-minuto/20230428-mart%C3%ADn-torrijos-inicia-campa%C3%B1a-para-volver-a-la-presidencia-de-panam%C3%A1. live.
25. Web site: Elecciones Generales de Panamá – Ruta 2024 . 7 February 2024 . 7 February 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240207013051/https://ruta2024.prensa.com/partido.php?partido=maribel_gordon&modo=candidato . live .
26. Web site: Elecciones Generales de Panamá – Ruta 2024 . 7 February 2024 . 7 February 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240207013053/https://ruta2024.prensa.com/partido.php?partido=zulay_rodriguez&modo=candidato . live .
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99. Web site: 2024-06-10 . Juzgado Electoral admite impugnación de Zulay Rodríguez contra la elección de Luis Omar Ortega en el 8-2 . 2024-06-15 . www.prensa.com . es . 10 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240610170017/https://www.prensa.com/politica/juzgado-electoral-admite-impugnacion-de-zulay-rodriguez-contra-la-eleccion-de-luis-omar-ortega-en-el-8-2/ . live .
100. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Solo 13 de los 60 diputados que buscaban la reelección regresan a la Asamblea; 9 son del PRD . 11 May 2024 . www.prensa.com . es . 9 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240509205057/https://www.prensa.com/politica/solo-13-de-los-60-diputados-que-buscaban-la-reeleccion-regresan-a-la-asamblea-9-son-del-prd/ . live .
101. Web site: Espinoza . Tereza . 6 May 2024 . Medio cociente y residuo los salvan: Pineda, 'Bolota' Salazar, Robinson y Gálvez se mantienen en la Asamblea . 10 May 2024 . . es . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510155904/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/medio-cociente-residuo-mantienen-pineda-robinson-bolota-chello-asamblea-nacional-elecciones-panama_1_2133488.html . live .
102. Web site: Marquinez . Arellys . 6 May 2024 . ¿Voto castigo? Estos son los diputados que buscaban la reelección, pero no salieron . 8 May 2024 . . 7 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240507041443/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/voto-castigo-son-51-diputados-buscaban-reeleccion-pero-no-salieron_1_2133479.html . live .
103. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Circuitos uninominales: Arquesio y Castillero son reelectos; vuelven Popi, Afú, Cohen Salerno y Dana Castañeda . 11 May 2024 . www.midiario.com . es . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510064052/https://www.midiario.com/nacionales/en-vivo-diputados-electos-en-los-circuitos-uninominales/ . live .
104. Web site: 6 May 2024 . De legendarios a desterrados; los diputados que recibieron el castigo del 'No Vas' . 11 May 2024 . . es . 11 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240511165200/https://www.prensa.com/politica/de-legendarios-a-desterrados-los-diputados-que-recibieron-el-castigo-del-no-vas/ . live .
105. Web site: De La Cruz . Omar . 9 May 2024 . Zulay Rodríguez queda fuera de la Asamblea Nacional . 11 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510180523/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/zulay-rodriguez-perder-san-miguelito-asamblea-curul_1_2134105.html . live .
106. Web site: 2024-02-16 . El 84% de los diputados busca la reelección . 2024-05-21 . www.prensa.com . es . 21 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240521164001/https://www.prensa.com/politica/el-84-de-los-diputados-busca-la-reeleccion/ . live .
107. Web site: Los seis diputados perredistas que no regresarán a la Asamblea . Yorlenne . Morales Q. . 2024-05-13 . . es-PA . The six PRD deputies who will not return to the Assembly . 13 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240513222042/https://www.laestrella.com.pa/panama/politica/cinco-diputados-perredistas-regresaran-asamblea-HELE492858 . live .
108. Web site: 2024-05-29 . Magistrado Valdés Escoffery reveló que hay 22 diputados impugnados . 2024-05-29 . www.prensa.com . es . 29 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240529162430/https://www.prensa.com/politica/magistrado-valdes-escoffery-revelo-que-hay-22-diputados-impugnados/ . live .
109. Web site: 8 May 2024 . Bocas del Toro: panameñista impugnará resultados que le darían la reelección a Benicio Robinson . 8 May 2024 . Eliana Morales . Gil . . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508183233/https://www.prensa.com/politica/bocas-del-toro-panamenista-impugnara-resultados-que-le-darian-la-reeleccion-a-benicio-robinson/ . live .
110. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 2024-05-20 . Arrancan las impugnaciones: Jefe de bancada de RM y el circuito 8-4 son parte de la controversia . 2024-05-22 . Tvn Panamá . es . 22 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240522024543/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/arrancan-impugnaciones-jefe-bancada-rm-alain-cedeno-impugnado-circuito-8-4-impugnado-circuito-8-6-impugnado-asamblea-nacional-realizando-metas-tribunal-electoral_1_2136479.html . live .
111. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 2024-05-23 . Ubaldo Vallejos impugnó la proclamación de Benicio Robinson . 2024-05-23 . Tvn Panamá . es . 23 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240523231407/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/ubaldo-vallejos-impugno-proclamacion-benicio-robinson-bocas-del-toro-circuito1-1-diputado-asamblea-nacional_1_2137105.html . live .
112. Web site: 2024-05-30 . No admiten demanda de impugnación contra Benicio Robinson . 2024-05-30 . Tvn Panamá . es . 30 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240530202502/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/no-admiten-demanda-impugnacion-benicio-robinson-prd_1_2138401.html . live .
113. Web site: 8 May 2024 . Moca recaba evidencias para impugnar proclamación del perredista Néstor 'Tin' Guardia en Penonomé . 8 May 2024 . . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508191724/https://www.prensa.com/politica/moca-recaba-evidencias-para-impugnar-proclamacion-del-perredista-nestor-tin-guardia-en-penonome/ . live .
114. Web site: Reyes . Alejandro . 2024-05-25 . MOCA y Víctor Carles interponen acciones penales por 'irregularidades' en circuito 2-1 . 2024-05-25 . Tvn Panamá . es.
115. Web site: 2024-05-25 . Moca y Víctor Carles presentan denuncias por supuestas anomalías en las elecciones del circuito 2-1, Penonomé . 2024-05-25 . www.prensa.com . es.
116. Web site: González . Saydie M. . 7 May 2024 . Tribunal Electoral hace un llamado a la 'calma' tras tensa situación en Santiago y Penonomé . 8 May 2024 . . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508002910/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/tribunal-electoral-llamado-calma-tensa-santiago-penonome-elecciones-tu-decision-voto-acta-moca_1_2133846.html . live .
117. Web site: 2024-04-26 . Dana Castañeda apelará el fallo que la inhabilita para correr como diputada en el circuito 2–3 . 2024-05-22 . www.prensa.com . es . 22 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240522024544/https://www.prensa.com/judiciales/dana-castaneda-apelara-el-fallo-que-la-inhabilita-para-correr-como-diputada-en-el-circuito-2-3/ . live .
118. Web site: 2024-06-05 . Dana Castañeda ocupará su curul en la Asamblea Nacional tras decisión del Tribunal Electoral . 2024-06-06 . www.prensa.com . es.
119. Web site: Almanza . Cinthia . 2024-06-03 . Se cae impugnación contra la proclamación de Nelson Jackson y su curul sigue asegurada . 2024-06-05 . Tvn Panamá . es . 5 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240605021631/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/cae-impugnacion-proclamacion-nelson-jackson_1_2139012.html . live .
120. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 9 May 2024 . Proclamaciones en Bocas del Toro, San Miguelito y Coclé dejan descontentos; podrían ser impugnadas . 10 May 2024 . . es . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510024940/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/proclamaciones-bocas-toro-san-miguelito-impugnacion-elecciones-en-panama-benicio-robinson-zulay-rodriguez-asamblea-nacional_1_2134157.html . live .
121. Web site: 10 May 2024 . Diputada Zulay Rodríguez anuncia que presentará impugnación . 11 May 2024 . . es . 11 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240511092237/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/diputada-zulay-rodriguez-anuncia-presentara_1_2134567.html . live .
122. Web site: 2024-01-08 . Estos son los candidatos a diputados que se disputarán las siete curules de San Miguelito . 2024-05-27 . www.prensa.com . es . 27 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240527130231/https://www.prensa.com/politica/estos-son-los-candidatos-a-diputados-que-se-disputaran-las-siete-curules-de-san-miguelito/ . live .
123. Web site: 2024-05-27 . Sobrino de Raúl Pineda impugna elección de diputados de Vamos en San Miguelito . 2024-05-27 . www.prensa.com . es . 27 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240527130232/https://www.prensa.com/politica/sobrino-de-raul-pineda-impugna-eleccion-de-diputados-de-vamos-en-san-miguelito/ . live .
124. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 2024-05-26 . Zulay Rodríguez y José Ruiloba Pineda impugnan proclamaciones en el 8-2, San Miguelito . 2024-05-27 . Tvn Panamá . es . 27 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240527130232/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/zulay-rodriguez-jose-ruiloba-pineda-impugnacion-circuito-8-2-san-miguelito-tribunal-electoral_1_2137547.html . live .
125. Web site: González . Saydie M. . 2024-06-07 . Rechazan impugnación de José Ruiloba Pineda contra diputados electos de Vamos en San Miguelito . 2024-06-07 . Tvn Panamá . es.
126. Web site: 8 May 2024 . Candidato de Moca en el circuito 8-3 denuncia que están tratando de amañar resultados para quitarle la curul . 8 May 2024 . . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508020638/https://www.prensa.com/politica/candidato-de-moca-en-el-circuito-8-3-denuncia-que-estan-tratando-de-amanar-resultados-para-quitarle-la-curul/ . live .
127. Web site: 8 May 2024 . José Pérez Barboni, de MOCA, es proclamado diputado por el circuito 8-3 . 9 May 2024 . . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508231704/https://www.prensa.com/politica/jose-perez-barboni-de-moca-es-proclamado-diputado-por-el-circuito-8-3/ . live .
128. Web site: 8 May 2024 . ¿Qué está en juego en el circuito 8-4? La disputa por una curul entre Grace Hernández, de MOCA, y Alejandro Pérez, de RM . 8 May 2024 . . es . 7 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240507211856/https://www.prensa.com/politica/que-esta-en-juego-en-el-circuito-8-4-la-disputa-por-una-curul-entre-grace-hernandez-de-moca-y-alejandro-perez-de-rm/ . live .
129. Web site: 8 May 2024 . Sigue la pugna en el 8-4: se suman más aspirantes a la curul asignada a Grace Hernández . 8 May 2024 . . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508194614/https://www.prensa.com/politica/sigue-la-pugna-en-el-8-4-se-suman-mas-contendores-a-la-curul-asignada-a-grace-hernandez/ . live .
130. Web site: 9 May 2024 . Termina el conteo de votos en el 8-4; Alejandro Pérez no pudo quitarle la curul a Grace Hernández . 10 May 2024 . . es . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510015910/https://www.prensa.com/politica/este-es-el-unico-circuito-de-la-provincia-de-panama-que-no-ha-proclamado-diputados/ . live .
131. Web site: 9 May 2024 . Grace Hernández logra la curul del circuito 8-4 . 10 May 2024 . . es . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510024533/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/grace-hernandez-logra-curul-circuito_1_2134345.html . live .
132. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 2024-06-11 . Juzgado electoral rechaza impugnación del circuito 8-4; Pérez anuncia que apelará . 2024-06-11 . Tvn Panamá . es . 11 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240611153224/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/juzgado-rechaza-impugnacion-circuito-8-4-alejandro-perez-jorge-bloise-tribunal-electoral-asamblea-nacional_1_2140491.html . live .
133. Web site: 2024-05-20 . La Fiscalía Electoral impugna elección de Alaín Cedeño; el diputado de RM arremete contra José Muñoz . 2024-05-22 . www.prensa.com . es . 22 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240522024553/https://www.prensa.com/politica/la-fiscalia-electoral-impugna-eleccion-de-alain-cedeno-el-diputado-de-rm-arremete-contra-jose-munoz/ . live .
134. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 2024-05-28 . Cecibel García, mamá de Katleen Levy, impugna todo el circuito 8-6 . 2024-05-29 . Tvn Panamá . es . 29 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240529162431/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/katleen-levy-mama-impugnan-circuito-circuito-8-6-betsarai-richards-alain-cedeno-raphael-buchanan-impugnaciones-cecibel-garcia_1_2137987.html . live .
135. Web site: De La Cruz . Omar . 2024-06-03 . No admiten la impugnación en el circuito 8-6, presentada por mamá de Katleen Levy . 2024-06-05 . Tvn Panamá . es . 5 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240605021630/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/no-admiten-impugnaciones-diputados-circuito-katleen-levy_1_2139076.html . live .
136. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 2024-05-31 . Empiezan a resolverse impugnaciones: Robinson, Cedeño y Alcalde de Santiago con el camino libre para su instalación . 2024-06-05 . Tvn Panamá . es . 5 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240605021633/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/imugnaciones-empiezan-resolver-juzgados-electorales-benicio-robinson-alain-cedeno-eric-jaen-tribunal-electoral-resolucion-de-impugnaciones-impugnaciones-rechazadas-fianzas-electorales-elecciones-en-panana-2024-asamblea-nacional-prd-realizando-metas-moca_1_2138486.html . live .
137. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 2024-05-25 . Candidato del PRD impugna la proclamación de diputados en el circuito 13-4 en La Chorrera . 2024-05-25 . Tvn Panamá . es . 25 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240525231003/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/candidato-prd-eliecer-montenegro-impugna-circuito-13-4-la-chorrera-lilia-batista-yuzaida-marin-patsy-lee-realizando-metas-partido-popular-impugnaciones_1_2137384.html . live .
138. Web site: 2024-05-25 . Impugnan elecciones de diputados en La Chorrera por presuntas 'actas alteradas' . 2024-05-25 . www.prensa.com . es . 25 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240525231003/https://www.prensa.com/politica/impugnan-elecciones-de-diputados-en-la-chorrera-por-presuntas-actas-alteradas/ . live .
139. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Mayer Mizrachi desplaza a Fábrega y gana la alcaldía capitalina . 7 May 2024 . www.ecotvpanama.com . es-PA . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508002905/https://www.ecotvpanama.com/politica/mayer-mizrachi-desplaza-fabrega-y-gana-la-alcaldia-capitalina-n5979103 . live .
140. Web site: 7 May 2024 . Mayer Mizrachi, el alcalde electo de la ciudad de Panamá: ¿Quién es y cuáles son sus propuestas? . 7 May 2024 . www.telemetro.com . es-PA . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508002909/https://www.telemetro.com/politica/mayer-mizrachi-el-alcalde-electo-la-ciudad-panama-quien-es-y-cuales-son-sus-propuestas-n5979251 . live .
141. Web site: Espinoza . Tereza . 6 May 2024 . Elecciones en Panamá: Mayer Mizrachi da la sorpresa y gana la comuna capitalina con el voto popular . 7 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508002905/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/elecciones-panama-mayer-mizrachi-gana-alcaldia-panama_1_2133466.html . live .
142. Web site: Marquínez . Arellys . 10 May 2024 . Conoce a los 26 representantes electos del distrito capital ¿Quiénes se reeligieron? . 11 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 11 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240511092239/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/representantes-26-electos-distrito-capital_1_2134459.html . live .
143. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Irma Hernández, de la coalición Vamos, es la nueva Alcaldesa de San Miguelito . 7 May 2024 . www.ecotvpanama.com . es-PA . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506184820/https://www.ecotvpanama.com/politica/irma-hernandez-la-coalicion-vamos-es-la-nueva-alcaldesa-san-miguelito-n5979080 . live .
144. Web site: Espinoza . Tereza . 10 May 2024 . Representantes electos por la libre postulación en San Miguelito buscan resolver los problemas junto a la comunidad . 10 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510155903/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/representantes-electos-libre-postulacion-san-miguelito-elecciones-panama_1_2134394.html . live .
145. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Stefany Dayan Peñalba le arrebata la alcaldía a Rollyns 'Tropa' Rodríguez en Arraiján . 8 May 2024 . www.midiario.com . es . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171330/https://www.midiario.com/nacionales/stefany-dayan-penalba-le-arrebata-la-alcaldia-a-rollyns-tropa-rodriguez-en-arraijan/ . live .
146. Web site: 7 May 2024 . Vídeo: Eloy Chon, alcalde electo de La Chorrera . 9 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 9 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240509182119/https://www.tvn-2.com/videos/noticias/video-eloy-chon-alcalde-electo-chorrera_8_2133705.html . live .
147. Web site: Espinoza . Tereza . 6 May 2024 . El independiente Díogenes Galván conquista la alcaldía de Colón . 8 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508002904/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/independiente-diogenes-galvan-conquista-alcaldia-colon-elecciones-panama-resultados_1_2133473.html . live .
148. Web site: 2024-05-07 . La gran derrota del PRD . 2024-05-21 . www.prensa.com . es . 21 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240521131102/https://www.prensa.com/politica/la-gran-derrota-del-prd/ . live .
149. Web site: 7 May 2024 . Elecciones en Panamá 2024: Resultados en la Alcaldía de David, provincia de Chiriquí . 8 May 2024 . www.telemetro.com . es-PA . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171323/https://www.telemetro.com/nacionales/elecciones-2024-candidatos-la-alcaldia-david-provincia-chiriqui-n5978911 . live .
150. Web site: 6 May 2024 . Apretada elección por la alcaldía de Santiago genera tensiones . 8 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508202718/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/juan-diego-vasquez-pide-defender-moca-santiago_1_2133611.html . live .
151. Web site: Espinoza . Tereza . 7 May 2024 . ¡Por 2 votos! Eric Jaén, de MOCA, es el nuevo alcalde de Santiago . 8 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es . 8 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240508202706/https://www.tvn-2.com/tu-decision-2024/conteos-votos-erick-jaen-nuevo-alcalde-santiago-veraguas-moca-resultados-elecciones-panama_1_2133676.html . live .
152. Web site: 2024-05-30 . Juzgado rechaza por inadmisible la demanda de impugnación contra el alcalde electo de Santiago por Moca . 2024-05-30 . www.prensa.com . es . 30 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240530202501/https://www.prensa.com/politica/juzgado-electoral-rechaza-por-inadmisible-la-demanda-de-impugnacion-contra-el-alcalde-electo-de-santiago/ . live .
153. Web site: Bustamante . Aminta . 8 May 2024 . Estos son los virtuales alcaldes de los distritos con más peso electoral . 9 May 2024 . Tvn Panamá . es.
154. Web site: Irma Hernández, en San Miguelito; Stefany Dayan Peñalba, en Arraiján, y otras mujeres que ganaron alcaldías en Panamá . 2024-05-12 . www.ellas.pa . es . 12 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240512120301/https://www.ellas.pa/mundo-ellas/irma-hernandez-en-san-miguelito-stefany-dayan-penalba-en-arraijan-y-otras-mujeres-que-ganaron-alcaldias-en-panama/ . live .
155. Web site: Hilaire . Valentine . Moreno . Elida . Mulino wins Panama presidency with support from convicted former leader . . 6 May 2024 . 5 May 2024 . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506023850/https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/panamanians-vote-crowded-field-presidential-contenders-2024-05-05/ . live .
156. Web site: Stand-in Jose Raul Mulino wins Panama presidential race . . 6 May 2024 . 6 May 2024 . 6 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240506121656/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/6/mulino-wins-panama-presidential-race . live .
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