2024 North Macedonian presidential election explained

Country:North Macedonia
Type:presidential
Previous Election:2019 North Macedonian presidential election
Previous Year:2019
Next Election:2029 North Macedonian presidential election
Next Year:2029
Election Date:24 April 2024 (first round)
8 May 2024 (second round)
Turnout:49.91% (first round) 8.24pp
47.47% (second round) 0.81pp
Image1:MK presidential office handover 2024 - Cropped.jpg
Party1:VMRO-DPMNE
Alliance1:Your Macedonia
Color1:FFA500
Popular Vote1:561,000
Percentage1:69.01%
Nominee2:Stevo Pendarovski
Party2:Social Democratic Union of Macedonia
Alliance2:For a European Future
Popular Vote2:251,899
Percentage2:30.99%
President
Before Election:Stevo Pendarovski
Before Party:Social Democratic Union of Macedonia
After Election:Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova
After Party:VMRO-DPMNE

Presidential elections were held in North Macedonia on 24 April 2024. Incumbent Stevo Pendarovski of the ruling centre-left Social Democrats ran for re-election to a second term.

No candidate received a majority of votes in the first round, with right-wing challenger Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova placing first by a wide margin winning 41.2% of the vote, while Pendarovski received 20% of the vote coming in second place. The two faced off in the second round run-off on 8 May,[1] which was held alongside parliamentary elections.[2] [3] In the second round, Siljanovska defeated the incumbent Pendarovski by a wide margin and became the first woman to be elected as President of North Macedonia.[4] She was inaugurated on 12 May.[5]

Electoral system

The President of North Macedonia is elected using a modified two-round system; a candidate can only be elected in the first round of voting if they receive the equivalent of over 50% of the vote from all registered voters.[6] In the second round, voter turnout must be at least 40% for the result to be deemed valid.[7] Before 2009, the constitution required turnout in the second round to be 50% to validate the result. However, the XXXI amendment approved on 9 January 2009 lowered the threshold to 40%,[7] as the then-government feared the trend of reducing turnouts would lead to presidential elections being frequently invalidated. In the 2009 presidential elections, second round turnout was just 42.6%.[8]

In order to contest the election, potential candidates are required to collect signatures from at least 10,000 registered voters or 30 MPs.[9]

The constitution mandates that the President must be over 40 years of age and have lived in the country for ten of the last fifteen years.

Campaigning began on 4 April 2024.[10]

Candidates

Ballot position[11] Candidate Affiliation Declared intent to run Signatures collected/endorsements[12]
1. Stevo Pendarovski (incumbent) bgcolor=28 February 2024[13] 22,413
2. VMRO-DPMNE22 February 2024[14] 30 MPs
3. bgcolor=21 February 2024[15] 11,292
4. bgcolor=22 February 2024[16] 11,085
5. bgcolor=Independent 7 February 2024[17] 10,568
6. bgcolor=15 February 2024[18] 10,708
7. bgcolor=22 February 2024[19] 11,605

Failed to collect enough signatures

Candidate Affiliation Declared intent to run Signatures collected[20]
Velo Markovski bgcolor=Independent 19 October 2023[21] 1,668
Gospodin Poposki bgcolor=Independent 15 February 2024[22] 147
Gjorgji Manaskov bgcolor=Independent 16 February 2024[23] 496
bgcolor=goldenrodBosniak Democratic Union 21 February 2024[24] 3,246
Zorica Cvetkovska bgcolor=blackDesna[25] 24 February 2024[26] 293
Goce Ristov bgcolor=Independent 4 March 2024[27] 6
Dragan Nikolovski bgcolor=Independent 6 March 2024[28] 8

Dropped out

Campaign

Stevo Pendarovski supported revising the constitution to include recognition of a Bulgarian minority in North Macedonia, a condition set by Bulgaria to allow the country's accession to the European Union. Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova called for negotiations with the EU under a new framework and for such amendments to be made after North Macedonia attains EU membership. Pendarovski called on fighting corruption through taking on organized criminal groups, while Siljanovska-Davkova focused on the judiciary in her anti-corruption stance.[32] [33]

Following the first round, Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova said "the hour has come for this government to go"[34] and described the results as a "new course". She also called on voters to prove "that we have always (belonged to) Europe". Stevo Pendarovski expressed surprise and disappointment with the result, but expressed hope for improvement in the second round, including with the support of the Albanian community.[35]

The Democratic Union for Integration, which represents ethnic Albanians and supported former Foreign Minister Bujar Osmani as a presidential candidate, offered its support in the second round to any candidate who supports having the President selected by the Assembly of North Macedonia in future elections, in the hopes of having an ethnic Albanian attaining the office. However, both Pendarovski and Siljanovska-Davkova dismissed the proposal, saying it is democratic for the Presidency to be selected through direct voting.

Conduct

Polling in the first round opened at 07:00 on 24 April and lasted until 19:00 at 3,480 polling stations nationwide. About 1.8 million people were eligible to vote,[36] [37] while around 2,300 domestic and international observers monitored the proceedings.[4]

Opinion polls

First round
Polling firmDateSample
size
SDSMVMRO-DPMNEAShBDIZNAMLevicaGROM
Election Results24 Apr 2024881,03920.541.29.513.79.54.70.9
IPISApr 20241,20023.839.010.711.57.75.51.6
CRPC1,21028.835.013.611.54.64.52.1
МКД.мк1,20019.836.510.514.312.14.91.5
CRPC1,08529.335.514.39.65.14.32.0
IPIS20 Feb 20241,21222.339.213.412.25.86.4–
2019 election–44.844.211.1––––
Second round
Polling firmDateSample
size
SDSMVMRO-DPMNE
Election Results8 May 2024812,89931.069.0
МКД.мк1,20044.255.8
2019 election–53.646.4

Aftermath

Following the release of the results, Stevo Pendarovski conceded defeat, while Siljanovska-Davkova acknowledged her being the first woman to be elected as president of North Macedonia and pledged to "stand with women in taking this great step forward, a step towards reform."[4]

According to international observers, the elections were "competitive and an extensive and pluralistic campaign helped voters to make an informed choice, but marred by negative rhetoric with nationalistic slogans, as well as shortcomings in the legislation and insufficient oversight of campaign finances".[38]

Reactions

Notes and References

  1. News: Right-wing challenger wins first round in North Macedonia presidential election . France 24 . 25 April 2024 . 25 April 2024 . 25 April 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240425055545/https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20240425-n-macedonia-s-right-wing-candidate-wins-first-round-presidential-election . live .
  2. Web site: 2024-04-24 . EU hopeful North Macedonia to hold May 8 presidential runoff with center-right candidate in the lead . 2024-04-26 . AP News . en . 24 April 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240424050655/https://apnews.com/article/north-macedonia-presidential-elections-d7c0cc09c0712de5175a6d34eacb8d83 . live .
  3. Web site: 2024-04-26 . North Macedonia presidential election heads to runoff . 2024-04-26 . dw.com . en . 26 April 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240426010451/https://www.dw.com/en/north-macedonia-presidential-election-heads-to-runoff/a-68914364 . live .
  4. Web site: 9 May 2024 . North Macedonia elects first woman president as center-left incumbents suffer historic losses . 9 May 2024 . Associated Press . en . 9 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240509011558/https://apnews.com/article/north-macedonia-election-corruption-european-union-bulgaria-ac12182171ed7d46f160feeb469c7aa4 . live .
  5. Web site: 12 May 2024 . North Macedonia's new president reignites a spat with Greece at her inauguration ceremony . 12 May 2024 . Associated Press . en . 13 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240513011744/https://apnews.com/article/president-north-macedonia-greece-inauguration-e1bdfa1fb9021f91023b0250ae8b7541 . live .
  6. http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/polls-open-in-macedonia-presidential-elections-2 Polls Open in Macedonia Presidential Elections
  7. https://www.sobranie.mk/the-constitution-of-the-republic-of-macedonia.nspx Amendment XXXI
  8. Anna Fruhstorfer & Michael Hein (2016) Constitutional Politics in Central and Eastern Europe: From Post-Socialist Transition to the Reform of Political Systems Springer, p235
  9. Web site: Изборен законик, член 59 . 4 March 2024 . 4 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240304181957/https://www.sec.mk/regulativa/ . live .
  10. Web site: 4 April 2024 . North Macedonia starts month-long presidential campaign season . 4 April 2024 . Associated Press . en . 4 April 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240404154458/https://apnews.com/article/north-macedonia-president-election-1c5fd32ef5e0daf6960bc1401aa00fe3 . live .
  11. Web site: Познат редоследот на кандидатите за шеф на државата на гласачкото ливче . 360 степени . mk-MK . 25 March 2024 . 25 March 2024 . 25 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240325134252/https://360stepeni.mk/poznat-redosledot-na-kandidatite-za-shef-na-drzhavata-na-glasachkoto-livche/ . live .
  12. Web site: Претседателски избори 2024 . Државна Изборна Комисија . mk-MK . 3 March 2024 . 3 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240303184013/https://www.sec.mk/pretsedatelski-izbori-2024/ . live .
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  16. News: Osmani prezantohet si kandidat për president të Maqedonisë së Veriut . . sq . 22 February 2024 . Kadriu . Isuf . 22 February 2024 . 22 February 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240222135146/https://www.evropaelire.org/a/zgjedhjet-maqedoni-bujar-osmani-kandidat-president-bdi/32830735.html . live .
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  22. Web site: Вмро дпмне го пуштат во терка преседател александар ѕпаѕеноѕки а македонскиот народ се одите ѕо претседателски кандидат господин попоски от вевчани поздрав до народот . Gospodin Poposki (Facebook) . mk-MK . 15 February 2024 . 23 February 2024 . 23 February 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240223152703/https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02Vy55m45wSFznVakEvqDgN4hUJAiAfUK59CF6MtNdTrxk5MdN4Lw83KSifa18QvCul&id=100072601965158 . live .
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  44. Web site: Вучиќ и ја честита изборната победа на Сиљановска-Давкова . 2024-05-09 . Сител Телевизија . mk . 9 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240509152808/https://sitel.com.mk/vuchikj-i-ja-chestita-izbornata-pobeda-na-siljanovska-davkova . live .
  45. Web site: Zelensky congratulates newly elected North Macedonian president . 2024-05-09 . The Kyiv Independent . en . 10 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240510074056/https://kyivindependent.com/zelensky-congratulates-newly-elected-north-macedonian-president/ . live .
  46. Web site: Тимковска . Александра . 2024-05-09 . Агелер со срдечни честитки до Силјановска-Давкова . 2024-05-09 . Вечер, прв дознава. . mk . 9 May 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240509152804/https://vecer.mk/makedonija/ageler-so-srdechni-chestitki-do-siljanovska-davkova-23c530a2-be58-49fc-b03a-cf8064b89451 . live .

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