2023 in Israel explained

The year 2023 in Israel was defined first by wide-scale protests against a proposed judicial reform, and then by the Hamas-led attack on Israel on October 7, which led to a war and to Israel invading the Gaza Strip.

Incumbents

• President of Israel  - Isaac Herzog
• Prime Minister of Israel  - Benjamin Netanyahu
• President of the Supreme Court  - Esther Hayut
• Chief of General Staff  - Herzi Halevi
• Government of Israel  - Thirty-seventh government of Israel

Ongoing

• 2023 Israel–Hamas war

Events

January

• 1 January – The second stage of the reform of Israel's kosher certification system that was scheduled to come into effect allowing the establishment of private kosher certification agencies to issue kosher certification is postponed by the new Shas party Minister of Religious Services, Michael Malchieli.^{[1] [2]}
• 3 January – The visit of the Israeli Minister of National Security Itamar Ben-Gvir to the Temple Mount in Jerusalem sparks protests by Palestinians and the condemnation of several Arab countries.^[3]
• 4 January – Justice Minister Yariv Levin announces a comprehensive proposal to overhaul Israel’s legal framework by limiting the authority of the Supreme Court of Israel with an override clause of 61 Knesset members, granting the government more significant influence over the judicial selection committee, permitting ministers to appoint their legal advisers independently, and cancelling the reasonableness standard.^[4]
• 7 January – Thousands of Israelis protest in Habima Square, initiating a series of protests against the proposed judicial reforms.^[5]
• 14 January – Over 80,000 Israelis demonstrate in Tel Aviv against the proposed judicial reform by the new government.
• 16 January –
  • Herzi Halevi is appointed the new IDF chief of staff.^[6]
  • Hamas publishes a video of Avera Mengistu, an Israeli held captive in Gaza since 2014; Hamas has been holding Mengistu and the bodies of IDF soldiers Oron Shaul and Hadar Goldin for nine years, and of Israeli Hisham al-Sayed for eight. ^[7]
• 19 January – The Supreme Court of Israel bars Aryeh Deri from serving in Israel's cabinet due to his previous fraud convictions for tax offenses.^[8]
• 22 January – Prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu dismisses health and interior minister Aryeh Deri from his cabinet following the Supreme Court's ruling.^[9]
• 27 January – 2023 East Jerusalem synagogue shooting: Seven Israelis are killed and ten more are injured in a mass shooting at a synagogue in Neve Yaakov, East Jerusalem; the Palestinian perpetrator is killed by police.^[10]
• 28 January – Two Israelis are shot and critically injured by a 13-year-old Palestinian in East Jerusalem; the attacker is shot and injured by one of his victims before being arrested.^[11]

March

• 1 March – A bill supported by Itamar Ben-Gvir and Jewish Power party for the death penalty for those who are charged with terrorism offences passes the Knesset in a preliminary vote of 55–9.^{[12] [13] [14]}
• 17 March – The Jerusalem Marathon takes place; Kenyan runners Noah Kigen Kiprotich and Margaret Njuguna win the men's and women's events respectively.^{[15] [16]}
• 26 March – Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu dismisses Defense Minister Yoav Gallant after Gallant calls on the government to pause discussions on the controversial judicial reform bill following widespread public protests against the reform.^[17]
• 27 March – Prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu announces a pause on his government's controversial judicial reform bill until April 30, the opening of the Knesset's summer session.^[18]
• 28 March – Israel succesafully launches the Ofek-13 observation satellite into space on a Shavit 2 satellite launcher.^[19]

April

• 5 April – 2023 Al-Aqsa clashes.
• 7 April –
  • Murders of Lucy, Maia and Rina Dee^{[20] [21]}
  • 2023 Tel Aviv car-ramming.^[22]
• 9 April – Israel launches retaliatory airstrikes on Syrian territory after several rockets were launched toward the Israeli-occupied Syrian Golan Heights.^[23]
• 23 April – Jordanian MP Imad Al-Adwan is arrested by Israeli police and is accused of smuggling gold and weapons into the West Bank.^[24]

May

• 5 May – Murders of Lucy, Maia and Rina Dee: Israeli security units kill three wanted Palestinian men in Nablus, West Bank, who were responsible for the killing of a mother from Efrat and her two daughters during a shooting attack in the Jordan Valley last April.^[25]
• 22 May – Israeli security forces kill three Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades terrorists and injure six others during a raid in Nablus.^[26]

June

• 2 June – A heat wave across the country, with temperatures ranging between 35 °C (95 °F) in Jerusalem and 45 °C (113 °F) in the Jordan Valley, along with high winds, cause hundreds of wildfires, forcing roads to be closed and some buildings to be evacuated as well as rolling electricity outages; firefighters act quickly to control the brushfires, limiting property damage.^[27]

July

• 5 July – Demonstrations in solidarity with Tel Aviv police chief Amichai Eshed. Large crowds block Tel Aviv's main highway and roads in other cities after Amichai Eshed announced his resignation.^[28]
• 30 July – The Knesset passes an amendment to penal law adding sexual offenses to those offenses whose penalty can be doubled if done on grounds of "nationalistic terrorism, racism or hostility towards a certain community".^{[29] [30] [31]}

August

• 18 August – The Red Line opens for public use in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area.

September

• 2 September – 2023 Eritrean clashes in Tel Aviv.
• 23 September – UNIFIL intervenes to prevent a confrontation between the Lebanese Army and the Israeli Army near the Shebaa Farms.^[32]

October

• 7 October – The 2023 Israel–Hamas war begins:
  • Hamas launches over 3,500 rockets towards Israel and infiltrates its Southern District. Israel retaliates with strikes in the Gaza Strip.^[33]
  • Battle of Re'im:
    • Hamas briefly seizes control of the IDF's 143rd "Gaza" Division headquarters in Re'im, Eshkol Regional Council, before Israeli troops retake it. Several Israeli soldiers are reportedly captured and taken to the Gaza Strip.^[34]
  • Battle of Sderot:
    • At least twenty Israeli police officers are killed by Hamas inside the police headquarters of Sderot after the building is seized.^[35]
  • Fighting and hostage taking in Be'eri and Ofakim
    • Hamas forces enter the Southern Israeli towns of Be'eri and Ofakim with heavy fighting underway.^[36]
  • Hamas leader Mohammed Deif announces the start of Operation Al-Aqsa Flood. Israel declares a state of war in response and orders Palestinians to leave the Gaza Strip.^[33]
  • Dozens of Israeli civilians are also taken hostage and taken to the Gaza Strip.^[37]
• 8 October –
  • Israel's Security Cabinet says it has approved a military operation against Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad in the Gaza Strip.^[38]
  • 2023 Israel–Lebanon border clashes:
    • Hezbollah in southern Lebanon open fire at Israeli positions in Shebaa Farms with artillery and guided rockets. Israel responds with airstrikes on Hezbollah artillery positions.^[39]
  • Battle of Sderot:
    • Hamas forces and the IDF clash for a second day in Sderot.^[40]
  • Re'im music festival massacre:
    • More than 260 bodies are found in Re'im, Southern Israel, after Hamas attacked a trance music festival. Foreign nationals are among those massacred.^[41]
  • Israeli ambassador to the United States Michael Herzog says that Americans have been taken hostage by Hamas in Gaza.^[42]
• 9 October –
  • The UN Security Council meets in an emergency session but fail to achieve the unanimity needed for a joint statement.^[43]
  • Israeli air attacks and shelling aimed at houses and apartment buildings displace at least 123,538 Palestinians in Gaza, according to the UN Office for Humanitarian Affairs.^[44]
  • A member of Hezbollah is killed during an airstrike by Israel in Ayta ash Shab, Lebanon, while two others are killed during a shootout at the border with Israel.^[45]
• 10 October –
  • The death toll from the Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip increases to 770 people, with more than 4,000 wounded. At least another 18 people were killed and 100 injured in the West Bank. The Israeli death toll passes 1,000.^[46]
  • Israeli airstrikes on Gaza hit residential buildings, large tower blocks, as well as schools and UN buildings, resulting in civilian casualties. The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights condemns the actions, saying they are in violation of international law.^[47]
  • Israeli airstrikes destroy a Palestinian Telecommunications Company building in Gaza city, causing widespread outage of communications and internet.^[48]
  • An Israeli soldier and two Palestinian Islamic Jihad terrorists are killed in clashes on the border with Lebanon.^[49]
  • An Israeli airstrike kills Jawad Abu Shammala and Zakaria Abu Maamar, two members in Hamas political office.^[50]
  • Aftermath of the Kfar Aza massacre revealed.^[51]
  • The World Health Organization calls for a humanitarian corridor into Gaza, after thirteen health facilities are hit in Israeli attacks.^[52]
  • Israeli airstrikes hit near the Rafah crossing between Gaza and Egypt, after an Israeli official advised Palestinians to leave the Gaza Strip through the border crossing.^[53]
• 11 October –
  • Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and opposition leader Benny Gantz agree to form an emergency government during the war.^[54]
  • The Palestine Liberation Organization says Israel refused a request to bring food and medical supplies into the Gaza Strip. Israel also threatens a humanitarian convoy from Egypt carrying medical supplies into Gaza with an air strike.^[55]
  • Israeli air strikes destroy the Al-Fakhoora House of the Education Above All Foundation in Gaza. Israeli airstrikes have also hit the Islamic University of Gaza.^[56]
  • Dozens of Israeli fighter jets carry out more than 200 airstrikes overnight on the Al-Furqan neighborhood in Gaza City.^[57]
  • Israeli airstrikes destroy more than 22,600 residential units, 10 health facilities and damage 48 schools. At least 260 children have been killed by Israeli attacks on Gaza.^[56]
  • The UN Palestine Agency says Israeli airstrikes have killed nine of its staff in Gaza.
  • At least 30 people are killed in an Israeli air strike on a law expert's house when he was visiting his family in central Gaza City.^[58]
  • The Rimal and al-Karama neighbourhoods are destroyed by Israeli airstrikes, with eight 12-storey towers destroyed.^[59]
  • At least 16 Palestinians are killed in an Israeli air raid on the southern city of Khan Younis.^[60]
  • At least three Palestinians are killed and nine wounded by Israeli soldiers in the Qusra, south of Nablus in the West Bank.^[61]
  • The Palestinian Red Crescent says four of its paramedics have been killed in Israeli air attacks.^[62]
  • At least 1,055 Palestinians have been killed in Israel's air attacks and 5,184 wounded. At least 1,300 people in Israel have been killed and 2,800 wounded, according to the Israeli army.^[63]
• 12 October –
  • The death toll in Gaza rises to 1,200, while the number of injuries reaches about 5,600. The death toll in Israel reaches 1,400.^[64]
  • At least 51 people are killed and 281 injured in Israeli air strikes on several areas of Gaza, including Al Zaytoun, Al Nafaq, Sabra, Tal Al Hawa and Khan Younis.^[65]
  • Three of five water plants in Gaza are out of service due to the Israeli bombings and lack of fuel, according to the International Committee of Red Cross.^[66]
  • The United Nations says that 338,934 Palestinians have been displaced in Gaza, as Israel continues to conduct bombing raids.^[67]
  • United Nations secretary-general António Guterres says life-saving supplies, including food, fuel and water, must be allowed into Gaza.^[68]
  • Human Rights Watch accuses the IDF of using white phosphorus munitions in its military operation in the Gaza area and Lebanon, saying it violates international humanitarian law and puts civilians at risk of serious and long-term injuries.^[69]
  • Israeli Energy Minister Israel Katz says the blockade of Gaza will not end until all Israeli hostages are released by Hamas.^[70]
  • The Norwegian Refugee Council calls for humanitarian corridors to be established to allow the safe passage of personnel and relief supplies into Gaza.^[71]
  • The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Egypt denies rumors that the Rafah Border Crossing was closed, asserting that the crossing remains operational and has not been closed since the onset of the crisis, and calls upon the international community willing to offer humanitarian aid to the Palestinians to route their aid to El Arish International Airport.^[72]
• 13 October –
  • The Israeli Defense Forces notifies the United Nations that all the 1.1 million Palestinians living north of Wadi Gaza in the Gaza Strip have been ordered to relocate to Southern Gaza within 24 hours, ahead of an expected ground invasion. U.N. spokesperson Stephane Dujarric states it would be "impossible" for Gazans to obey this order without "devastating humanitarian consequences".^[73]
  • The Israeli Air Force begins dropping evacuation leaflets over Gaza City warning residents to leave the city immediately.^[74]
  • Hamas tells Palestinians to remain in their houses and not flee to Southern Gaza, following Israel's orders to do so.^[75]
  • The United Kingdom begins evacuating British citizens from Israel.^[76]
  • At a press conference, Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant says the main goal of the coming military operation will be to "topple Hamas rule in Gaza".^[77]
  • Israeli soldiers open fire against protestors in the occupied West Bank, killing 11 people and injuring 124 more.^[78]
  • Hamas says that 13 hostages, including foreigners, have been killed in Israeli airstrikes.^[79]
  • Israeli troops conduct "localized raids" into Gaza in an attempt to locate Hamas-held hostages.^[80]
• 14 October –
  • 2023 attacks on Palestinians evacuating Gaza City

• • • 70 people are killed in attacks on convoys evacuating Gaza City.^[81]
  • 2023 Israel–Lebanon border clashes

• • • Hezbollah fires on five Israeli outposts in the Shebaa Farms with anti-tank missiles and mortar shells.^[82]
    • IDF shelling kills 2 civilians in the Shebaa village.^[83]
  • At least 27 Palestinians are killed by Israeli airstrikes in Jabaliya in the Gaza Strip.^[84]
  • The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs says that more than 50,000 pregnant women and newborn babies in Gaza do not have access to essential medical care.^[85]
  • The UN Palestine agency says that its shelters in Gaza are no longer safe and also warns that there is a shortage of water in Gaza.^[86]
  • October 2023 Jenin incursion

• • • Israeli forces storm Jenin in the West Bank.^[87]
  • At least 15 hospitals are damaged by Israeli shelling and airstrikes, with two currently inoperable. 28 medical staff are killed and 23 ambulances are damaged or destroyed by Israeli airstrikes.^[88]
  • At least 2,268 Palestinians have been killed and 8,700 others injured in Israeli airstrikes on Gaza. At least 1,300 Israelis have been killed and at least 3,400 others are injured.^[89]
  • Amnesty International says that they have verified images of Israeli forces near Sderot using white phosphorus-based rounds.^[90]
  • Palestine's United Nations envoy says that Palestinians are in danger of mass ethnic cleansing.^[91]
  • The Israel Defense Forces announce that airstrikes in the Gaza Strip have killed Murad Abu Murad, the head of Hamas's air operations and Ali Qadi, a top Hamas commander, both of whom were involved in the October 7 invasion of Israel.^[92]
• 15 October –
  • 2023 Israel–Lebanon border clashes

• • • One person is killed and three others are injured in a cross-border attack by Hezbollah in Shtula. Israel retaliates with airstrikes on Hezbollah positions.^[93]
    • United Nations peacekeeping force UNIFIL says its headquarters in Naqoura, Lebanon, has been hit by a rocket.^[94]
  • An estimated one million Gazans have been displaced, according to the United Nations Palestinian agency, as aid groups describe the situation in the besieged enclave as "catastrophic".^[95]
  • Human Rights Watch confirms that Israel has used white phosphorus in Gaza and Lebanon.^[96]
  • Israel conducts military operations in Ramallah in the West Bank, arresting more than 50 people.^[97]
  • The Israel Defense Forces kill senior Hamas commander Billal Al Kedra in an airstrike in Khan Yunis.^[98]
  • Lawyers and human rights organisations in Israel receive dozens of complaints from Palestinian workers and students who have been suspended from schools, universities, and workplaces over social media posts or conversations with colleagues.^[99]
  • An interview with a rescued Israeli hostage, Yasmin Porat, airs on the Israeli radio program Haboker Hazeh, during which Porat states that she was treated "very humanely" by Hamas fighters and that Israeli security forces "eliminated everyone, including the hostages" during their recapture of Be'eri, sparking controversy.^{[100] [101]}
• 16 October –
  • The World Health Organization said 21 hospitals in Gaza have been ordered to evacuate by Israel, warning this "may amount to a violation of international humanitarian law".^[102]
  • Israel begins evacuating 28 communities located within two kilometers of the border with Lebanon amid clashes with Hezbollah.^[103]
  • Hundreds of Americans and Israeli Americans are evacuated by sea from Haifa to Cyprus.^[104]
  • At least four hospitals in northern Gaza are no longer functioning following Israeli bombardments, according to the United Nations.^[105]
  • Palestinian protesters rally in the streets of several cities across the West Bank calling for an end to Israeli attacks on Gaza.^[105]
  • Hamas releases the first video of a hostage on Telegram since the war started, a 21-year-old Israeli woman from Shoham who was kidnapped during the Re'im music festival massacre. In the video, she claims to be receiving medical treatment by her captors.^[106]
  • Hamas forces launch a barrage of missiles at the two largest Israeli cities, Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, saying it was in response to Israel's "targeting of civilians".^[107]
  • Israeli military forces carry out raids and make dozens of arrests in multiple areas in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, Nablus, Bethlehem, Hebron and the Aqabat Jabr camp in Jericho.^[105]
  • Several dozen raids are conducted by Israeli forces in the West Bank, detaining about 600 people. Most are held without charges under "administrative detention", where the individuals are not told the reasons for their arrest.^[105]
  • Colombia requests the departure of the Israeli ambassador following Colombian President Gustavo Petro's remarks criticizing Israel's actions. In response, Israel suspends security exports to the South American nation.^[108]
• 17 October –
  • Al-Ahli Arab Hospital explosion

Around 500 people are killed by an explosion at the Al-Ahli Arab Hospital in Gaza City. Hamas spokespersons blame an Israeli airstrike, while an IDF investigation shows explosion was caused by failed Hamas rocket launch.^{[109] [110]}

• • Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas declares three days of mourning in Palestinian territories following the hospital bombing.^[111]
  • October 2023 UNRWA school airstrike

An Israeli airstrike hits a United Nations school inside a refugee camp, killing six people.^[112]

• • The Israeli Ministry of Health says that 4,399 people in Israel have been wounded since the start of the war, of which 333 are still hospitalized.^[113]
• 18 October –
  • The United States vetoes a United Nations Security Council resolution that would have called for a humanitarian pause in Gaza. Twelve other countries voted in favour of the resolution while two abstained.^[114]
  • UN Under-Secretary-General Martin Griffiths reiterates that there are rules of war after the US vetoed humanitarian pauses in the conflict.^[115]
  • Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan condemns the UNSC for failing to pass a resolution for a humanitarian pause, adding that efforts to deescalate the conflict have been hindered by the collective punishment of Palestinians through airstrikes and the deployment of US aircraft carriers to the region.^[116]
  • U.S. President Joe Biden visits Israel and meets with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.^[117]
• 19 October –
  • Dozens of rockets are fired at the northern Israeli cities of Nahariya and Kiryat Shmona from southern Lebanon, injuring at least three civilians. Hamas says its cells in Lebanon were responsible for the rocket attacks. Israel responds with airstrikes on Hezbollah positions.^[118]
  • Five Palestinians are killed in clashes with the Israeli military at the Nur Shams refugee camp in Tulkarm, West Bank.^[119]
  • A member of the Security Cabinet of Israel says that the Israel Defense Forces has been given the "green light" to enter the Gaza Strip.^[120]
  • UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak visits Israel and meets with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, announcing the UK's solidarity with Israel in its war with Hamas.^[121]
  • Israel withdraws its ambassador Irit Lillian and other diplomats from Turkey after urging its citizens to avoid all travel to the country.^[122]
• 20 October –
  • Israel announces the total evacuation of Kiryat Shmona, a city of 20,000 near the border with Lebanon, amid rising tensions with the militant group Hezbollah.^[123]
  • Colombian President Gustavo Petro announces the establishment of an embassy to the State of Palestine in Ramallah, West Bank, and humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip amidst the ongoing war.^[124]
• 21 October – The Rafah Border Crossing on the Egypt–Gaza border opens for the first time since the war began, allowing humanitarian aid trucks to enter Gaza.^[125]
• 22 October –
  • Palestinian journalist Rushdi Sarraj is killed in an Israeli attack on his home in Gaza.^[126]
  • At least 55 people are killed in overnight raids on the Gaza Strip by Israel.^[127]
  • An Israeli tank accidentally hits an Egyptian position near the border with Gaza. Several Egyptian border guards sustained injuries from fragments of a shell.^[128]
  • At least 300 Palestinians are placed under administrative detention or have had detention orders renewed, allowing Israel to hold them without charge indefinitely under secret evidence.^[129]
  • Israel launches airstrikes against the Damascus International Airport, killing two workers.^[130]
• 23 October –
  • Omar Daraghmeh, a senior Hamas official, dies while in Israeli prison, with Hamas spokespeople saying it was an assassination. He was arrested in the West Bank by the Israel Defense Forces, along with his son.^[131]
  • The Indonesian Hospital, the largest in northern Gaza, loses power after running out of fuel.^[132]
  • Hamas releases two Israeli hostages following mediation by Qatar and Egypt. The pair were taken to the Rafah border crossing between Gaza and Egypt.^[133]
  • Israeli airstrikes kill at least 436 Palestinians, including women and children, in northern Gaza's Al-Shati refugee camp as well as Khan Younis.^[134]
  • Israeli forces launch night raids in the West Bank, with heavily armed troops backed by armored vehicles seen in at least two areas.^[135]
  • Qatar's Emir Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani has warned the escalation of fighting in Gaza poses a threat to the region and the world. He asserted Israel should not be given a "green light for unconditional killing".^[136]
  • Israeli air raids target several locations in Lebanon including Ramesh, Markaba, Houla, Shebaa, and Kafr Shuba.
• 24 October –
  • UN Secretary-General António Guterres calls for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza, saying there are clear violations of international humanitarian law in Gaza. He also pushed for more humanitarian relief to be allowed into the enclave.
  • Human Rights Watch has criticized Israel for "deliberately deepening the suffering of civilians in Gaza" by refusing to allow fuel shipment into the enclave and to restore the flow of water.^[137]
  • Israeli police have closed the Al-Aqsa Mosque in East Jerusalem and stopped Muslim worshippers from entering the compound.^[138]
  • Israel launches airstrikes near the Red Crescent headquarters and Al-Amal Hospital in Khan Younis, where more than 4,000 displaced Palestinians are taking shelter.^[139]
  • UN Secretary-General António Guterres calls for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza, saying that there are clear violations of international humanitarian law. Guterres also called for more humanitarian relief to be allowed into the enclave.
  • Human Rights Watch criticizes Israel for "deliberately deepening the suffering of civilians in Gaza" by refusing to allow shipments of fuel into the enclave and for not restoring the supply of water.^[140]
• 25 October –
  • The Gaza Health Ministry says that at least 704 people have died in the past day. The UN relief agency says this was "the highest fatality toll reported in a single day".
  • At least 16 people are killed and several others injured following Israeli airstrikes across Gaza residential areas in Jabalia, Tal al-Hawa, Khan Younis and the Nuseirat refugee camp.^[141]
  • At least 11 people are arrested in Hebron in the West Bank following an Israeli raid. Israeli troops stormed several villages including al-Burj and al-Majd.
  • The UN Security Council holds an open debate, with many of the nearly 90 countries on the speakers' list calling for a ceasefire amid the mounting death toll in Gaza.^[142]
  • Draft resolutions calling for a ceasefire are being considered by both the UN Security Council and the UN General Assembly.^[143]
  • Credit rating agency S&P says it is downgrading Israel's rating outlook to "negative" to reflect "the risk that the *Israel–Hamas war could spread more widely". Fitch Ratings also places a similar negative rating on Israel.^[144]
  • In a televised address to the nation, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu says that he has set the date for a ground invasion of the Gaza Strip with the main goals of the operation being to destroy Hamas and to rescue hostages.^[145]
  • The Israeli Air Force launches airstrikes on "military infrastructure" of the Syrian Armed Forces in Daraa Governorate, killing eight Syrian soldiers and injuring seven others.^[146]
• 26 October –
  • An Israeli air raid kills the wife, son, daughter and infant grandson of Al Jazeera Arabic's Gaza bureau chief Wael Dahdouh in central Gaza after they evacuated to the area following warnings from Israel.^[147]
  • Oxfam says Israel is using starvation as a "weapon of war" as the blockade of Gaza continues.^[148]
  • The Israel and Palestine director at Human Rights Watch confirms the Palestinian death toll provided by the Health Ministry is reliable, after US President Joe Biden questioned the number of people killed.^[149]
  • Israel continues raids and arrests in the West Bank, where Palestinian authorities say more than 1,200 people have been detained.
  • In a joint statement, the foreign ministers of Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates condemned the forced displacement and collective punishment in Gaza.^[150]
  • Amnesty International issues a statement calling for an immediate ceasefire to stop the increasing death toll and ensure crucial aid reaches Gaza amid an "unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe".
  • The Israel and Palestine director at Human Rights Watch confirms the Palestinian death toll provided by the Health Ministry is reliable, after US President Joe Biden questioned the number of people killed.
  • The office of Florida Governor Ron DeSantis announces that it is sending drones and weapons to Israel to support it's fight against Hamas.^[151]
  • IDF tanks enter northern Gaza in a "targeted raid", saying it was in preparation for the "next stages of combat". No Israeli military casualties are reported.^[152]
• 27 October –
  • At least 33 Palestinians are killed and several wounded, following Israeli airstrikes on at least three residential neighbourhoods in Gaza City.^[153]
  • At least 10 Palestinians are killed, including journalist Yasser Abu Namous and his mother, in a series of airstrikes carried out by Israeli forces in southern Gaza.
  • A number of people are killed and injured in an Israeli airstrike on the Al-Shati refugee camp, destroying residential buildings and the nearby White Mosque.^[154]
  • The Palestinian Red Crescent has said that its medics were shot at by Israeli forces as they treated an injured person in Tubas, West Bank.
  • Four people are killed after a pre-dawn raid by Israeli forces in the West Bank. At least 19 people have been arrested.
  • The Israel Defense Forces enter the Gaza Strip from multiple directions with infantry and tanks crossing the border. Heavy clashes are reportedly underway.^[155]
  • Israeli troops advance on the city of Beit Hanoun.^[156]
• 28 October –
  • Thousands of Gazan workers employed in Israel go missing amid a campaign of mass arrests. Human rights groups and trade unions say they have been illegally detained in military facilities in the West Bank, following the revocation of their work permits.^[157]
  • An Israeli shell hits the headquarters of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon, the second such incident since war began.^[158]
  • UN agencies say they are unable to contact staff in Gaza amid the near-total communications blackout and call for civilians to be protected.^[159]
  • Human Rights Watch says that the near-total communication blackout "risks providing cover for mass atrocities and contributing to impunity for human rights violations" and will make it more difficult to "obtain critical information and evidence about human rights violations and war crimes being committed, and to hear directly from those experiencing the violations".^[160]
  • Israeli airstrikes destroy hundreds of buildings and damage thousands of others in the Gaza Strip overnight, the civil defense service in Gaza said.^[161]
  • Israeli warplanes bombed 150 underground targets in northern Gaza, including tunnels and underground infrastructure.^[162]
  • SpaceX chief Elon Musk announces that Starlink services will be offered in the Gaza Strip to "internationally recognized aid organizations".^[163]
  • The UN General Assembly passes a resolution with a vote of 120–14, with 45 abstentions, calling for an immediate humanitarian truce in Gaza, despite US and Israeli opposition.^[164]
  • The Egyptian foreign ministry has warned of the "humanitarian and security repercussions of the Israeli ground attack" on Gaza, saying "we hold the Israeli government responsible for violating the United Nations General Assembly resolution for an immediate ceasefire and implementing a humanitarian truce".^[165]
  • The International Organization for Migration has renewed its call for a ceasefire, saying "civilians must be protected. There are no winners in war. The most vulnerable pay the heaviest toll"^[166]
  • Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has called on Israel to "immediately come out of its state of madness and stop its attacks" on the Gaza Strip, saying they have "targeted women, children and innocent civilians, deepening the humanitarian crisis".
  • Save the Children says children will "bear the brunt" of Israel's intensified attacks on the Gaza Strip, saying in the event of a full ground incursion, more than one million children's lives, nearly half of the 2.3 million population of Gaza, will be affected.^[167]
• 29 October –
  • Impeding the delivery of aid to Gaza's residents may be considered a crime within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court, its top prosecutor has said.^[168]
  • More children have been killed in Gaza during the war, than the total killed in conflicts around the world since 2019, Save the Children has said. At least 3,324 children have been killed in Gaza, while 36 have died in the West Bank.^[169]
  • Israel increases air attacks close to Al-Quds Hospital in Gaza City after ordering the Palestinian Red Crescent to immediately evacuate the hospital. The World Health Organization says that "it's impossible to evacuate hospitals full of patients without endangering their lives".^[170]
  • Waves of bombardments hit Al-Shati refugee camp, Shujaiya and Zeitoun in Gaza.^[170]
  • At least 8,005 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza since October 7. More than 1,400 people have been killed in Israel.^[170]
  • Israel's ambassador to the United Nations, Gilad Erdan, calls on countries to cease funding the body after the UN General Assembly passed a non-binding resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza.^[171]
  • Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu says the war will be "long and difficult", with Israel intensifying its aerial raids and progressing to the "next phase" of operations.^[172]
  • The Legal Center for Arab Minority Rights in Israel demands that Israel's government cancel emergency regulations extending the period which detainees suspected of "security offences" can be denied access to a lawyer.^[170]
  • Reporters Without Borders says the killing of Reuters journalist Issam Abdallah in Lebanon earlier this month resulted from a deliberate strike from the direction of the Israeli border.^[173]
• 30 October –
  • Heavy clashes are reported as IDF tanks reach the outskirts of Gaza City.^[174]
  • Israeli troops block Salah al-Din Road, the main highway in the Gaza Strip.^[175]
  • Israel announces that its forces rescued an IDF private who was taken hostage by Hamas during an overnight operation involving its intelligence agency Shin Bet.^[176]
  • Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu dismisses calls for a ceasefire in the war with Hamas, stating that Israel will continue its military operations.^[177]
• 31 October –
  • Israel intercepts three surface-to-surface missiles launched from Yemen, with at least one missile being shot down by its Arrow missile defence system. The Iran-backed Houthis claim responsibility for the launches.^[178]
  • Jabalia refugee camp airstrikes

More than 50 people are killed and 150 more injured during an airstrike against the Jabalia refugee camp in the Gaza Strip, with the camp reported completely destroyed.^[179]

• • Gaza's Hamas-controlled health ministry reports Israeli airstrikes continue to target hospitals and medical centers, intentionally hitting medical institutions. Fifty-seven institutions have been hit, while thirty-two are out of service because of being targeted or lack of fuel.^[180]
  • An immediate humanitarian ceasefire is "absolutely imperative" in Gaza, said the UN human rights office, adding that "colleagues across the UN are talking about the need".^[181]
  • The Patriarchate of Jerusalem has blamed Israel for the bombing of its cultural centre, saying the attack "represents a stark embodiment of Israel's unwarranted determination to destroy the civil infrastructure and social service centres, as well as shelters for civilians".^[182]
  • The UN Children's Fund's executive director says that more than 420 children are being killed or injured in Gaza every day.^[183]
  • Israeli air raids target the vicinity of the European Hospital in southern Gaza. Meanwhile, the director of the Indonesia Hospital reported it was hit for the third time.^[180]
  • The Palestine Red Crescent Society reports continuous artillery and air strikes in the Tal al-Hawa in northern Gaza near al-Quds Hospital. The hospital currently shelters hundreds of patients and more than 12,000 displaced civilians.^[180]
  • The Palestinian Health Ministry says 8,525 Palestinians have been killed in Israeli air raids, including 3,542 children.^[184]
  • Israeli forces arrest 60 Palestinians in the West Bank, the Palestinian Prisoners Society said, adding that "arrests are accompanied with torture and abusive attacks, as well as collective punishment and destruction of property".^[180]
  • Australia expresses concern over growing attacks by residents of settlements against Palestinians in the occupied West Bank.^[180]
  • Jordanian Foreign Affairs Minister Ayman Safadi calls for an immediate stop to the "humanitarian catastrophe" in Gaza caused by Israeli bombardment and the implementation of international law, while stressing the necessity of humanitarian aid.^[180]
  • Amnesty International says they have found that "the Israeli army indiscriminately, and therefore unlawfully, used white phosphorus munitions in an attack on Dhayra, in south Lebanon which "must be investigated as a war crime".^[185]
  • Bolivia cut diplomatic relations with Israel.^[186]
  • The Governments of Chile and Colombia recall their respective ambassadors to Israel as a response to Israel's military actions in the Gaza Strip.^[187]

November

• 1 November –
  • Israel deploys Saar-class corvettes to the Red Sea in response to missile and drone attacks from Yemen. Israeli National Security Council official Tzachi Hanegbi says the Houthi attacks on Israel are "intolerable".^[188]
  • Jordan recalls its ambassador to Israel to condemn the war.^[189]
  • The Jabalia refugee camp in the Gaza Strip is hit by Israeli airstrike for the second consecutive day, with several more people being killed.^[190]
  • Iranian Foreign Affairs Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian warns of "harsh consequences" if Israel continues its invasion of the Gaza Strip.^[191]
  • An Israeli soldier is killed in a mortar attack near the kibbutz of Be'eri in southern Israel.^[192]
• 2 November –
  • The UN Human Rights Office says Israeli attacks on the refugee camp may be "disproportionate attacks that could amount to war crimes".^[193]
  • UNICEF and United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres has described attacks on the Jabalia refugee camp as "horrific and appalling".^[193]
  • UNICEF estimates that more than 3,500 children have been killed during the war, saying "children have endured too much already, the killing and captivity of children must stop".^[194]
  • At least 8,805 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza since October 7. In addition, more than 1,400 Israelis have been killed in Israel.^[195]
  • Israel's agricultural sector is suffering "significant damage" due to an exodus of thousands of foreign workers. More than a quarter of about 30,000 foreign workers have left the country and about 20,000 Palestinian agricultural workers have not been allowed to enter Israel.^[196]
  • At least 60 people were detained overnight across the West Bank. The total number of Palestinians detained since the war started exceeds 1,800. About half of them are being held in administrative detention.^[196]
  • Three Palestinians from Birzeit University have been arrested in raids in Ramallah, including the head of the student organisation.^[197]
  • Two Palestinians are killed and six wounded in Israeli raids in Qalqilya and Ramallah in the West Bank.^[196]
  • Hezbollah launches a suicide drone attack on an IDF barracks in Shebaa Farms.^[198]
  • Israeli troops and tanks continue to encircle Gaza City with heavy clashes reported on the city's outskirts. Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad say they are using "hit-and-run attacks" from tunnels to halt the advance.^[199]
• 3 November –
  • Al-Shifa ambulance airstrike: Several people are killed and many more wounded during an Israeli airstrike against a convoy of ambulances carrying wounded people from the al-Shifa Hospital in the Gaza Strip to Rafah, Egypt.^[200]
  • At least 14 people are killed during an Israeli airstrike against civilians fleeing to southern Gaza.^[201]
  • Kyrgyzstan warns their citizens to not travel to fight against Israel.^[202]
  • The Government of Honduras recalls its ambassador to Israel as a response to Israel's military actions in the Gaza Strip.^[203]
• 4 November – Turkey recalls its ambassador to Israel in response to Israel's military actions in the Gaza Strip.^[204]
• 5 November –
  • The Israel Defense Forces announce the complete encirclement of Gaza City and say that they have split the Gaza Strip in two after Israeli troops reach the coast.^[205]
  • Three children and a woman are killed, and several others are injured, when two cars carrying civilians are hit by an Israeli airstrike near the towns of Ainata and Aitaroun, Lebanon, and four paramedics are injured when two ambulances are bombed in Tayr Harfa. In response to these attacks, Hezbollah launches an anti-tank guided missile towards Kiryat Shmona, killing a civilian. Three Hezbollah members are later killed in retaliation during a series of Israeli airstrikes.^[206]
  • In an interview with Radio Kol Berama during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war, Amihai Eliyahu claimed that the use of nuclear weapons was "one of the possibilities" when discussing Israel's options in its ongoing military action in the Gaza Strip.^[207] Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu disavowed his comments and announced his suspension from cabinet meetings.^{[208] [209]} However, Eliyahu took part in a cabinet telephone vote later that day.^{[210] [211]}
• 6 November –
  • An Israel Border Police officer, Israeli American Rose Lubin, is stabbed to death and another officer is wounded near the Old City of Jerusalem. Responding security forces shoot the Palestinian attacker dead.^[212]
  • South Africa recalls its ambassador to Israel in response to its invasion of the Gaza Strip, and accuses Israel of genocide in Gaza.^[213]
  • IDF spokesperson Daniel Hagari says fighter jets have struck a "broad range" of Hezbollah targets in Lebanon in response to a barrage of rockets fired at northern Israeli cities.^[214]
• 7 November –
  • At least eight people are killed and dozens wounded in Israeli attacks on the Nasser Medical Complex in Gaza City, which includes the Al-Nasser Children's hospital, suffering direct and indirect hits from Israeli missiles.^[215]
  • At least two Palestinians are killed and several others injured in separate Israeli air raids that hit the vicinity of Kamal Adwan Hospital in Beit Hanoun and Al-Quds Hospital in the Tal al-Hawa district of Gaza City.^[215]
  • Hundreds of pro-Palestinian demonstrators rally at the Port of Tacoma, in Washington state, to block a military supply vessel which will carry weapons from the United States to Israel.^[216]
  • Israel appoints former ambassador Alon Roth-Snir to coordinate efforts for the release of hostages held by Hamas in Gaza.^[217]
  • Trade between Turkey and Israel decreased by half since the start of the war, compared with the same period last year, according to the Turkish trade minister.^[218]
  • Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant says that Israeli troops have entered Gaza City from multiple directions with heavy clashes occurring "deep inside" the city. Gallant also claims that Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar is trapped in a bunker in the city centre.^[219]
  • United Nations monitors say that only about 5,000 Palestinians have been evacuated from northern to southern Gaza on Monday, stating that "entire families, including children, elderly people and persons with disabilities" could only make the journey on foot as roads have been heavily damaged.^[220]
• 8 November –
  • Human Rights Watch says an Israeli airstrike on an ambulance outside Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza should be investigated as a possible war crime, adding that it did not find evidence that the ambulance was being used for military purposes.^[221]
  • Gaza's Al-Shifa Hospital is hit with intense Israeli bombardment and flares. The hospital is housing tens of thousands of people sheltering from Israel's bombardment.^[222]
  • Sites near the Indonesia Hospital are hit with Israeli bombardment. Electricity at the hospital is expected to be cut off soon due to the short supply of fuel.^[222]
  • Israeli aircraft renew their bombardment of the Nuseirat refugee camp in central Gaza Strip, resulting in several deaths and injuries. A residence belonging to a local family is hit, with people still trapped under the rubble of the destroyed residential building.^[222]
  • Chad withdraws their ambassador from Israel, joining eight other countries that have done the same in recent weeks.^[223]
  • Amnesty International says Israel has dramatically increased its use of detention without charges since the start of the war, while also turning a blind eye to cases of torture and degrading treatment in prisons.^[224]
  • Al-Shifa ambulance airstrike

Human Rights Watch says an Israeli airstrike on an ambulance outside Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza should be investigated as a possible war crime, adding that it did not find evidence that the ambulance was being used for military purposes.

• • At least 4,237 Palestinian children have been killed in Gaza since the start of the war. An additional 1,350 children are reported as missing and most are presumed dead under the rubble of destroyed buildings in Gaza.^[224]
  • Gaza's Al-Shifa Hospital is hit with intense Israeli bombardment and flares. The hospital is housing tens of thousands of people sheltering from Israel's bombardment.^[224]
  • Four people are killed in an airstrike on a house in the Jabalia refugee camp located in the northernmost part of the Gaza Strip.^[224]
• 9 November –
  • At least 30 Palestinians are killed in Israeli bombardments overnight in the Jabalia refugee camp in north and Sabra in western Gaza.^[225]
  • Three human rights organisations, Al Haq, Al Mezan and the Palestinian Centre for Human Rights, have filed a lawsuit with the International Criminal Court calling for it to consider apartheid and genocide in its investigation of the situation in Palestine.^[226]
  • The heads of the UNRWA and the World Health Organization say that conditions at Al-Shifa hospital, Gaza's largest hospital, were "disastrous" with emergency rooms overflowing with the sick and wounded.^[225]
  • The Indonesia Hospital in northern Gaza records at least 65 deaths and over 100 injuries from ongoing Israeli bombardment.^[225]
  • At least three people are killed and dozens of others injured after an Israeli air strike hit the vicinity of Al-Nasr Hospital in western Gaza.^[225]
  • At least four people are killed and dozens others wounded from Israeli artillery fire and shelling in the southern Gaza Strip.^[225]
  • Two Israeli settlers are shot near the West Bank settlement of Itamar. Both are evacuated to Tel Aviv, where one remains in critical condition.^[225]
  • Mohammad Barakeh, the head of the High Follow-Up Committee for Arab Citizens of Israel, has been arrested by Israeli forces in Nazareth for planning a protest against the war.^[225]
  • Israeli forces use bulldozers to destroy streets in Jenin in the West Bank, supported by helicopters and reconnaissance aircraft, following a firefight in the city, killing eight Palestinians.^[225]
  • An unidentified drone strikes a building in the port city of Eilat, after Israel intercepts a ballistic missile over the Red Sea with its Arrow missile defense system. The Yemen-based Houthis claim responsibility, but Israel's military blames an unspecified organization in Syria for the strike.^[227]
• 10 November –
  • A video is released showing a Palestinian prisoner being used as a human shield during the Israeli operation in the West Bank. The prisoner is handcuffed, blindfolded and kneeling on a street, as an Israeli soldier takes cover behind him, while aiming his rifle.^[228]
  • The UN human rights commissioner urged an investigation into Israel's use of "high-impact explosive weapons" in Gaza, which was causing indiscriminate destruction in the enclave and must "end its use of such weapons".^[229]
  • Six people are killed following an Israeli airstrike on the Al-Shifa Hospital. Human Rights Watch comments "hospitals must always be protected" and "no area is a free-fire zone", urging world leaders to act "to prevent further mass atrocities".^[228]
  • The Palestinian Red Crescent says Israeli forces bomb the Tal al-Hawa area of Gaza near Al-Quds Hospital.^[228]
  • The vicinity of Gaza's Patient's Friends Hospital is hit by an Israeli airstrike. Another Israeli strike is reported near Al-Awda Hospital in the Tal al-Zaatar area, resulting in damage to an ambulance.^[228]
  • The director of Gaza's Al-Rantisi Children's Hospital says that an Israeli airstrike has hit the medical facility, causing a fire.^[228]
  • Nearly 80 Palestinians are detained by Israeli forces from across the West Bank in overnight raids, many from Al-Arroub refugee camp north of Hebron; others were detained from Bethlehem, Nablus, Ramallah, and Jericho.^[228]
  • Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu says that the Israel Defense Forces will control the Gaza Strip after the war ends, rejecting calls for an international peacekeeping force to be stationed there.^[230]
• 11 November –
  • The director of the Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City says that the medical complex is "completely cut off", with any "moving person targeted" by Israeli forces. Médecins Sans Frontières confirms reports that people are being shot at as they try to exit the hospital. Palestinian health minister Mai al-Kaila says that Israeli forces have also shelled the hospital with white phosphorus munitions which are banned under international law.^[231]
  • Israeli tanks and snipers fire at the Al-Quds Hospital in Gaza City from within twenty meters, where around 14,000 displaced people are sheltering in a state of "extreme panic and fear", according to the Palestinian Red Crescent.^[232]
  • The UN Humanitarian Affairs Office reports that at least 45 Palestinians have been displaced in the West Bank following Israeli punitive demolitions.^[233]
  • Digital rights organization Access Now says that shutdowns affecting internet access in the Gaza Strip are providing "cover for human rights atrocities", which are being worsened by Israel's control over internet access.^[234]
  • The Norwegian Refugee Council condemns Israeli attacks on Gaza hospitals, calling for an urgent ceasefire and for the protection of medical staff, saying that "it is an affront to wage war around and on hospitals".^[234]
  • The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs says that the transfer of solid waste to landfills has stopped across the Gaza Strip because of insecurity and a shortage of fuel. The World Health Organization reports that the spread of infectious diseases including diarrhea and chickenpox are increasing rapidly, with medical organizations warning of the risk of a possible cholera epidemic.^[234]
  • HonestReporting, an Israel-based media watchdog, admits that the group had no evidence to back up their claims that some journalists were accomplices in the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel.^[234]
• 12 November –
  • South African Foreign Minister Naledi Pandor urges the International Criminal Court to issue an arrest warrant for Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, calling on the prosecutor to investigate war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide.^[235]
  • The UN Development Programme office in Gaza is shelled, with reports of a significant number of deaths and injuries. Office chief Achim Steiner says that "civilians, civilian infrastructure and the inviolability of UN facilities must be always protected".^[236]
  • The United Nations says that several hospitals in Gaza have been directly hit, and that "hospitals are explicitly entitled to specific protection under international humanitarian law", as Israel intensifies its shelling and ground attacks around hospitals in Gaza City and northern Gaza.^[237]
• 13 November –
  • Gaza's two largest hospitals, Al-Shifa Hospital and Al-Quds Hospital, both suspend operations. Israeli snipers continue to fire at anyone near the Al-Shifa Hospital, trapping thousands of people inside.^[238]
  • Israeli troops of the Golani Brigade seize control of the Palestinian Legislative Council building in Gaza City, which has been used by Hamas lawmakers since 2007.^[239]
  • Israel bombs the Al-Salam Mosque in Sabra, increasing the total number of mosques destroyed by Israeli forces to more than 60.^[240]
  • United Nations compounds around the world lower the UN flag to half-mast to honor the 101 UN workers who have been killed by Israeli attacks.^[241]
  • The UN agency for Palestinian refugees says that the Israeli Navy damaged one of its guesthouses in Rafah, despite having shared coordinates with Israel multiple times.^[238]
  • Director of the UN agency for Palestinian refugees Thomas White says that humanitarian operations in Gaza will be suspended within the next 48 hours due to a shortage of fuel.^[242]
  • World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Adhanoms warns of a "dire and perilous" situation in Gaza's hospitals, saying that more patients, including premature babies, are dying.^[238]
  • The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics says that 3,117 students enrolled in schools in Gaza have been killed by Israel, while 4,613 have been injured. A further 130 teachers and school administrators are also killed. Twenty-four students have been killed in the West Bank.^[243]
• 14 November –
  • Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu says that "the IDF have completed the encirclement of Gaza City". Defense Minister Yoav Gallant also says that Hamas has "lost control" of Gaza City as Israeli troops capture the city's municipal buildings.^[244]
  • The IDF intercepts a surface-to-surface missile launched from Yemen over the Red Sea.^[245]
  • Seven Palestinians are killed in an Israeli raid in Tulkarm in the occupied West Bank.^[246]
• 15 November –
  • The Israel Defense Forces enter the Al-Shifa Hospital complex in Gaza City with infantry and tanks.^[247]
  • The UN Security Council passes a resolution calling for humanitarian pauses in the conflict, the establishment of humanitarian corridors, and for the unconditional release of hostages taken by Hamas. Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States abstained.^[248]
• 16 November –
  • Israel Police kill three gunmen who attacked a checkpoint near Jerusalem, injuring six security forces.^[249]
  • The Israel Defense Forces surround the Al-Ahli Arab Hospital in Gaza City with tanks.
• 17 November –
  • An Israeli airstrike kills Ahmad Bahar, a senior leader in Hamas who served as the vice president of the Palestinian Legislative Council.^[250]
  • Israel calls on civilians to evacuate Khan Yunis in the south of Gaza and head to field hospitals, saying that Israeli troops will be carrying out a military operation in the area.^[251]
• 19 November –
  • The Houthi movement hijacks a British cargo ship operated by a Japanese company and partially owned by an Israeli businessman in the Red Sea. 25 people are on board from different nationalities, including Ukrainians, Bulgarians, Filipinos, and Mexicans.^[252]
  • On the group's Telegram channel, Houthi spokesman Yahya Sarea declares their intention to target ships owned or operated by Israeli companies, or carrying the Israeli flag.^[252]
• 20 November – Israel recalls its ambassador from South Africa after Minister in the Presidency Khumbudzo Ntshavheni called on the International Criminal Court to issue an arrest warrant against Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.^[253]
• 21 November – Four Hamas members are killed by Israeli shelling in Tayr Harfa, Lebanon; the pro-Hezbollah Al-Mayadeen television station claims that two of its journalists and a civilian were also killed, shortly after the Israel Defense Forces said it struck several Hezbollah anti-tank missile squads in southern Lebanon and other sites in response to missile fire toward Metula in northern Israel.^[254]
• 22 November – The Cabinet of Israel approves a deal to pause fighting in Gaza for four days. The deal, negotiated by Egypt, Qatar, and the United States, will also see Israel release 150 Palestinian prisoners in exchange for the release of some of the hostages held by Hamas, mostly women and children.^[255]
• 23 November – The Israel Defense Forces detain Mohammad abu Salmiya, the director of the Al-Shifa Hospital, and several doctors working under him, after a convoy belonging to the World Health Organization was stopped by Israeli soldiers. Israel accuses the director and the doctors of having sheltered Hamas fighters in the hospital.^[256]
• 24 November –
  • The deal to pause fighting in Gaza for four days enters into effect at 7AM local time.^[257]
  • On the first day of the ceasefire Hamas releases 13 Israeli hostages, some of whom are dual citizens while Israel releases 39 Palestinian prisoners as part of the ceasefire agreement.^[258]
  • Hamas releases 10 Thais and a Filipino as part of a separate deal with Bangkok, brokered by Iran.^[259]
• 25 November –
  • On day 2 of the ceasefire, Hamas releases 13 Israeli hostages and 4 Thai migrant workers, while Israel releases 39 Palestinian prisoners.^[260]
  • The Israeli government will summon the Belgian and Spanish ambassadors following their criticism of Israel for the suffering of Palestinian civilians under Israeli military operations in the Gaza Strip by Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo and Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez.^[261]
• 26 November –
  • Hamas releases three Thai migrant workers and 14 Israeli hostages, while Israel releases 39 Palestinian prisoners.
  • Armed assailants seize and later release a tanker linked to Israeli billionaire Eyal Ofer, with 22 crew members on board, off the coast of Yemen. The United States Navy captures the attackers.^[262]
  • Eight Palestinians are killed and at least six others are injured in Israeli raids in the West Bank.^[263]
  • The Palestine Red Crescent Society says that a Palestinian farmer was killed and another was injured when they were targeted by Israeli forces in the Maghazi refugee camp in Gaza.^[264]
  • Hamas confirms the deaths of several senior commanders including Ahmed Ghandour, the commander of its Northern Gaza brigade, and Ayman Siam, the head of its rocket firing array. The Israel Defense Forces had previously said it had targeted Ghandour and Siam, but did not confirm that they had been killed.^[265]
  • Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu becomes the first Israeli head of government to enter the Gaza Strip in two decades, after visiting Israel Defense Forces troops stationed there.^[266]
• 27 November –
  • Hamas releases 11 Israeli hostages, while Israel releases 33 Palestinian prisoners.^[267]
  • Qatar announces an agreement between Israel and Hamas to extend the ceasefire by two days.^[268]
• 28 November –
  • Hamas releases two Thai migrant workers, 10 Israeli hostages and a pet dog, while Israel releases 30 Palestinian prisoners.^[269]
  • Two Palestinians are killed during clashes with Israeli Defense Forces in the West Bank.^[270]
• 29 November –
  • Hamas releases four Thai migrant workers and 12 Israeli hostages while Israel releases 30 Palestinian prisoners. In a separate gesture to Russian President Vladimir Putin, two dual citizens of Israel and Russia are also freed by Hamas.^[271]
  • Israel Defense Forces, Shin Bet, and Israel Border Police announce in a joint statement that they killed Muhammad Zubeidi, the commander of the Jenin branch of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad.^[272]
  • Two children, aged 14 and 8, are shot dead by IDF troops in Jenin during the raid. The shootings are caught by security cameras.^[273]
• 30 November –
  • A deal is reached to extend the ceasefire for at least one further day, after it had been due to expire at 7:00 AM IST Thursday.^[274]
  • 2023 Givat Shaul shooting

Three Israelis are killed and six others are wounded in a mass shooting in Givat Shaul, Jerusalem. The two Palestinian gunmen are shot and killed by security forces and an armed civilian at the scene.^[275]

• • Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez has expressed doubts that Israel is abiding by international law in the war, due to the high number of civilian casualties and video footage of growing numbers of children dying.^[276]
  • United States Secretary of State Antony Blinken steps up calls for Israel to comply with international law and protect civilians during its military operations in southern Gaza, while reaffirming US support.^[277]

December

• 1 December –
  • The ceasefire between Israel and Hamas ends after a deadline expires on the seventh day. Mediator Qatar says that efforts are ongoing to renew the ceasefire and expressed regret over the resumption of Israeli bombardments.
  • More than 180 Palestinians are killed, and hundreds more are injured, after Israeli warplanes carry out airstrikes on different parts of the Gaza Strip, including the community of Abasan al-Kabira and a home northwest of Gaza City.^[278]
  • Hundreds of Malawians travel to Israel to work as farm labourers. Kondwani Nankhumwa, leader of the Democratic Progressive Party has questioned the secrecy of the deal amidst the governments awareness of the ongoing war.^[279]
• 2 December –
  • More than 190 Palestinians are killed and hundreds more are wounded by Israeli airstrikes on the Gaza Strip, including Khan Younis in the south.
  • The United Nations say the fighting will worsen the extreme humanitarian emergency in Gaza. UN aid chief Martin Griffiths said that the people of Gaza had nowhere safe to go and very little to survive on.^[280]
  • The United States provides BLU-109 bunker buster bombs and other munitions to Israel. Similar bombs made by the US have been used by Israel in the Jabalia refugee camp airstrikes, including a strike that levelled an apartment block, killing more than 100 people.^[281]
• 3 December –
  • At least 700 Palestinians have been killed during the last 24 hours by Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip. Rights groups object to Israel's increased attacks in southern Gaza, which Israel had declared as a "safe zone".
• 4 December –
  • At least 316 Palestinians have been killed and 664 injured during the last 24 hours in the Gaza Strip.^[282]
  • Telecommunication services have been cut off in the Gaza Strip, the Palestinian telecoms company Paltel has said, as Israel intensifies its military operations.^[283]
  • Qatari prime minister Al Thani calls for an "immediate, comprehensive and impartial international investigation" into Israel’s military activities in Gaza.^[284]
• 5 December –
  • Israeli troops and tanks enter Khan Yunis in the south of the Gaza Strip. Displaced families in the region are heading further south to Rafah, a town on the Egyptian border.^[285]
  • More than 100 people are killed in strikes near the Kamal Adwan Hospital in northern Gaza, as Israeli forces encircle the medical facility sheltering people. Witnesses say anyone attempting to leave was being shot at by Israeli snipers.^[286]
  • At the Gulf Cooperation Council summit, Qatari prime minister Al Thani calls for a permanent ceasefire in Gaza.^[287]
• 6 December –
  • Twenty-two members of a family are killed in an Israeli airstrike on the home in which they were sheltering in the Jabalia refugee camp in northern Gaza.^[288]
  • United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres invokes Article 99 of the UN Charter, urging the UN Security Council to act on the war in Gaza and adopt a resolution calling for a ceasefire.^[289]
  • UN high commissioner for human rights Volker Türk says his "colleagues describe the situation as apocalyptic" in Gaza, with a "heightened risk of atrocity crimes".^[290]
  • The UN agency for Palestinian refugees warns that the situation in Gaza is "getting worse each minute", and that “another wave of displacement is underway" amidst further military operations by Israel.^[291]
• 7 December –
  • Amnesty International reports that American-made munitions were used in two Israeli airstrikes on residential buildings in Gaza that killed 43 civilians.^[292]
  • The International Criminal Court’s Prosecutor Karim Ahmad Khan called for humanitarian aid to be allowed into Gaza, adding that "willfully impeding relief supplies to civilians may constitute a war crime" under the ICC Rome Statute.^[293]
  • Israel foreign minister Eli Cohen revokes United Nations humanitarian coordinator Lynn Hastings's residence visa after she stated that "nowhere is safe in Gaza" and does not have the conditions needed to send aid to people.^[294]
  • Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International find that Israel targeted journalists in an attack in southern Lebanon, firing artillery shells which killed one journalist and injured six others, concluding this was likely a direct attack on civilians and should be investigated as a war crime.^[295]
• 8 December –
  • The United States vetoes a United Nations Security Council draft resolution calling for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza. Thirteen other members voted in favor, while Britain abstained.^[296]
  • The Gaza Antiquities Ministry reports that the Great Mosque of Gaza, the oldest mosque in the Gaza Strip, was destroyed by Israeli bombardment.^[297]
  • The International Federation of Journalists reports that 68 journalists had been killed covering the war, with the majority being Palestinian journalists in the Gaza Strip.^[298]
• 9 December –
  • Israel carries out raids in Hebron, Qalqilya, Jericho, Jenin, Salfit and Ramallah in the West Bank.^[299]
  • Israel's bombardment of the Gaza Strip hits areas it declared "safe zones", a day after the United States vetoed a UN resolution calling for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza.^[300]
  • The United States government uses an "emergency declaration" to allow the immediate delivery of 14,000 tank shells to Israel without congressional review.^[301]
• 10 December –
  • Jordan and the United Nations agency for Palestinian refugees have accused Israel of aiming to cleanse Gaza of its people through an "indiscriminate and brutal offensive" in a war which meets the "legal definition of genocide".^[302]
  • The World Health Organization adopts a resolution that calls for the passage of medical personnel and supplies into Gaza, mandates the documentation of violence against healthcare workers and patients, and seeks funding for hospital reconstruction.^[303]
  • The Palestinian Red Crescent Society says Israeli forces bombed and raided an area near the United Nations clinic in Jabalia camp where its emergency teams and medics are operating a medical post.^[304]
• 11 December –
  • Israeli forces shoot several medical personnel in Gaza, including the Ministry of Health director general of pharmacy, while they were trying to reach the ministry warehouses to get medical supplies for hospitals.^[305]
  • Seven Israeli troops are killed in clashes in the Gaza Strip, bringing the number of IDF personnel killed in action to 104.^[306]
  • Egypt and Mauritania invoke United Nations Resolution 377 for the UN General Assembly to discuss an immediate humanitarian ceasefire at an emergency session in New York City, in response to the United States vetoing a UN resolution with a similar objective.^[307]
  • An Israeli artillery strike kills the mayor of Taybeh, Marjeyoun District, Lebanon.^[308]
• 12 December –
  • Ten Israeli troops are killed in clashes in the Gaza Strip, including a colonel of the Golani Brigade killed in Shuja'iyya, Gaza City, bringing the total number of IDF personnel killed to 115.^[309]
• 15 December –
  • The Israel Defense Forces says that it mistakenly shot dead three hostages in friendly fire incidents in the Shuja'iyya neighborhood of Gaza City.^[310]
  • Israel authorizes the temporary use of its Kerem Shalom border crossing to deliver humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip.^[311]
• 17 December –
  • Pope Francis accuses the IDF of engaging in war crimes, in response to Israeli snipers killing two Palestinian Christians and injuring seven others who were taking refuge in the Holy Family Church in Gaza City yesterday.
  • The French Foreign Ministry condemns Israel's Wednesday bombing of Rafah for killing one of its staff members, and demands an "immediate and durable" ceasefire.^[312]
  • Israeli Air Force airstrikes in Jabalia kill at least 90 people, according to the Gaza Health Ministry.^[313]
• 19 December – Israeli airstrikes against a residential area in Rafah kills at least 29 people, while ten others are killed in Jabalia.^[314]
• 20 December – The death toll in the Gaza Strip since Israel began airstrikes in response to Hamas leading an invasion of Israel on 7 October increases to at least 20,000 people.^[315]
• 21 December – The Israel Defense Forces says that it has established full "operational control" of the Shuja'iyya neighborhood in Gaza City, which has been the scene of intense clashes between Israeli troops and Hamas in recent weeks.^[316]
• 24 December – At least 70 people are killed in an Israeli airstrike against the al-Maghazi refugee camp in the Gaza Strip.^[317]
• 25 December – High-ranking Iranian general Sayyed Razi Mousavi is killed in an Israeli airstrike in Syria.^[318]
• 26 December – Netnayahu announces Intel's plan to build a semiconductor fabrication plant in the country, and a $3.2 billion USD grant to the company in "Israel's biggest investment".^[319]
• 28 December – Thousands of Palestinians flee Central Gaza as IDF tanks reach the outskirts of Bureij refugee camp.^[320]
• 30 December – The Israeli army continues its attacks; dozens of militants have been killed in Gaza with air support, while intense tank and aerial assaults on Khan Yunis persist. Additionally, buildings used by Hamas have been destroyed, and weapons seized.^[321]
• 31 December – The Central Bureau of Statistics releases data showing that 9.842 million people live in Israel at the end of 2023, of whom 7.208 million (73.2%) are Jewish, 2.080 million (21.1%) are Arab and 554,000 (5.7%) are other groups.^{[322] [323]}

Deaths

• 11 January — Shimon Baadani, 94 years old, Orthodox rabbi.^[324]
• 11 January — Dan Eytan, 91, architect.^[325]
• 8 March — Chaim Topol, 87 years old, actor, singer, and illustrator.
• 19 April — Yehonatan Geffen, 76 years old, singer
• 7 October — People killed during Hamas-led attack on Israel:
  • Lior Asulin, 43, footballer (Maccabi Herzliya, Beitar Jerusalem, Hapoel Petah Tikva)
  • Jayar Davidov, chief superintendent, commander of the Israel Police in Rahat (since 2022)^[326]
  • Roy Edan, 45, photojournalist
  • Eli Ginsberg, 42, lieutenant colonel, commander of LOTAR (2020–2023)
  • Tomer Leibovich, 19, volleyball player, captain of national under-19 volleyball team
  • Roi Levy, 44, colonel, commander of the Multidimensional Unit (since 2023)
  • Ofir Libstein, 49–50, politician, head of the Sha'ar HaNegev Regional Council (since 2018)^[327]
  • Izhar Peled, 61–62, assistant commissioner, commander of Israel Border Police in Judea and Samaria (2016–2020)
  • Shai Regev, 25, news editor
  • Yonatan Steinberg, 43, colonel, commander of the Nahal Brigade (since 2023)^[328]
  • Yahav Winner, 37, filmmaker
  • Yaniv Zohar, 54, videojournalist
• 8 October — Leon Bar, 53, lieutenant colonel, senior officer in the West Bank Division^[329]
• 10 October — Alim Abdallah, 40, lieutenant colonel, deputy commander of IDF 91st Division.^[330]
• 26 October — Baruch Mordechai Ezrachi, 94, Haredi rabbi^[331]
• 28 October — Yosef Tzabari, 89, athlete and marathon champion^[332]
• 31 October — Arie Levanon, 91, Romanian-born Israeli composer.^[333]
• 2 November — Salman Habaka, 33, lieutenant colonel, commander of the 188 Barak Brigade.
• 24 November — Avraham Menchel, 87, footballer (Maccabi Haifa, national team).^[334]
• 1 December —
  • Shlomo Avineri, 90, political scientist.^[335]
  • Amira Hess, 80, poet.^[336]
• 3 December — Avraham Avi-hai, 92, civil servant, journalist and author.^[337]
• 6 December — Amos Ettinger, 86, Israeli poet, songwriter, and radio presenter.^[338]
• 9 December — Larisa Gershtein, 72, Soviet-born Israeli politician, deputy mayor of Jerusalem (1993–2003).^[339]
• 10 December — Edna Mazia, 74, playwright.^[340]
• 12 December — Yitzhak Ben-Bashat, 44, IDF officer (Yiftach Brigade, Paran Brigade)^[341]
• 24 December — David Libai, 89, jurist and politician, MK (1984–1996), minister of justice (1992–1996) and interior (1995).^[342]
• 25 December — Yehoshua Ben-Arieh, 95, geographer, rector of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1993–1997).^[343]
• 30 December — Shmuel Bilu, 71, musician (Milk and Honey).^[344]

See also

• Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in 2023
• Timeline of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war

Notes and References

1. Web site: First phase of major reform in Israel's kosher certification system enters effect. The Times of Israel. 2022-01-02.
2. News: Gross . Judah Ari . New religious services minister delays kashrut reform as coalition looks to nix it . The Times of Israel . 29 December 2022.
3. News: 2023-01-03 . Jerusalem: Palestinian anger over far-right Israeli minister's holy site visit . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-01-03.
4. News: Sharon . Jeremy . 4 January 2023 . Justice minister unveils plan to shackle the High Court, overhaul Israel's judiciary. 11 March 2023 . The Times of Israel . en-US . 6 February 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230206055057/https://www.timesofisrael.com/justice-minister-unveils-plan-to-shackle-the-high-court-overhaul-israels-judiciary/. live.
5. Web site: Obel . Ash . Thousands rally in Tel Aviv against new government, judicial overhaul plans . 2023-02-09 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
6. News: 2023-01-16 . Herzi Halevi becomes IDF's 23rd chief of staff in handover ceremony . The Times of Israel . 2023-01-16.
7. Web site: Lazaroff . Tovah . Netanyahu: Mengistu video confirms what Israel knew- that he's alive . The Jerusalem Post . 17 January 2023.
8. Web site: Friling . Yonat . 2023-01-18 . Netanyahu government suffers legal defeat as Israeli court bars minister from serving . 2023-01-19 . Fox News . en-US.
9. Web site: 2023-01-22 . Israel PM removes top minister over court ruling . 2023-01-23 . France 24 . en.
10. Web site: 2023-01-27 . Terror in Jerusalem: Seven dead in shooting in synagogue in Neve Yaakov neighborhood . 2023-01-27 . Arutz Sheva . en.
11. Web site: Fabian . Emanuel . Two seriously hurt in 2nd Jerusalem terror shooting; 13-year-old attacker shot . 2023-01-29 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
12. Web site: Israel passes initial vote approving death penalty against terror offenders .
13. Web site: Israel passes initial reading of controversial death penalty bill .
14. Web site: I24NEWS . March 2023 .
15. Web site: 2023 . Jerusalem Marathon.
16. Web site: Tens of thousands run in 12th annual Jerusalem Marathon . The Times of Israel . 17 March 2023.
17. Web site: Netanyahu fires Defense Minister Gallant for calling to pause judicial overhaul . 2023-04-07 . MSN . en-US.
18. Web site: Rosenkrantz . Holly . Flights grounded, labor union strike: Netanyahu pauses judicial reform amid backlash . 2023-04-07 . USA Today . en-US.
19. News: Israel launches 'Ofek 13' reconnaissance satellite into space . The Jerusalem Post . 29 March 2023.
20. News: Sisters gunned down in Friday terror attack named as Maya and Rina Dee . 8 April 2023 . The Times of Israel . 7 April 2023.
21. News: Lucy Dee dies of wounds three days after terror attack that killed her 2 daughters . 10 April 2023 . The Times of Israel . 10 April 2023.
22. News: Italian tourist dead, 7 others hurt in car-ramming on Tel Aviv promenade . 8 April 2023 . The Times of Israel . 7 April 2023.
23. News: Reuters . 2023-04-09 . Israel launches strikes on Syria after rocket fire as violence flares . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-04-10 . 0261-3077.
24. Web site: April 23, 2023 . Jordan: Israel arrested lawmaker on arms-smuggling charges . 2023-05-04 . ABC News . en.
25. Web site: 2023-05-04 . Forces kill 3 Palestinians behind deaths of British-Israelis . 2023-05-05 . AP NEWS . en.
26. Web site: US News . A. B. C. . 3 Palestinians killed in Israeli raid in occupied West Bank; US slams latest settlement expansion . 2023-05-22 . ABC News . en.
27. Web site: Berman . Lazar . Firefighters battle hundreds of blazes as Israel sizzles under blistering heatwave . The Times of Israel . 2023-06-02 . 2023-06-02.
28. Web site: CNN . Crowd's block Tel Aviv's main artery in anti-government protest . 6 July 2023 . en.
29. https://www.timesofisrael.com/knesset-okays-stronger-punishment-for-sex-offenses-motivated-by-terrorism-or-racism/
30. News: Israel Passes Law Setting Stricter Punishments for Nationalistically Motivated Sex Crimes . Haaretz .
31. News: Israel Pushes Law for Stricter Penalties for 'Nationalistic' Sexual Violence . Haaretz .
32. Web site: IDF, Lebanese army clash on Israel's northern border . 2023-09-24 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . 23 September 2023 . en-US.
33. Web site: 2023-10-07 . Hamas surprise attack out of Gaza stuns Israel and leaves hundreds dead in fighting, retaliation . 2023-10-08 . AP News . en.
34. Web site: Fabian . Emanuel . IDF regains control of Re'im military base from Hamas terrorists in southern Israel . 2023-10-08 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
35. Web site: Israel . David . 2023-10-07 . 300 Dead, 1,450 Injured, 50 Kidnapped as Hamas Invades Southern Israel . 2023-10-08 . en-US.
36. News: Surprise Infiltration, Massive Barrages Shock Israel; Over 250 Israelis Killed, 1,590 Wounded; Civilians and Soldiers Held Hostage in Gaza . en . Haaretz . 2023-10-08.
37. News: Diver . Tony . 2023-10-07 . Hamas claims to have captured senior Israeli officers as at least 50 civilians taken hostage . en-GB . The Telegraph . 2023-10-08 . 0307-1235.
38. Web site: Security cabinet says Israel will destroy military, governmental abilities of Hamas, Islamic Jihad . 2023-10-08 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
39. Web site: Israel, Hezbollah exchange fire raising regional tensions . 2023-10-08 . Al Jazeera . en.
40. Web site: 2023-10-08 . Israel, Hamas Battle for Second Day after Surprise Hamas Attack . 2023-10-09 . VOA . en.
41. News: 2023-10-08 . Israeli music festival: 260 bodies recovered from site where people fled in hail of bullets . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-10-09.
42. Web site: Garrity . Kelly . 2023-10-08 . Americans among hostages taken by Hamas, Israeli ambassador says . 2023-10-09 . Politico . en.
43. Web site: UN Security Council meets on Gaza-Israel, but fails to agree on statement . 2023-10-09 . Al Jazeera . en.
44. Web site: Nearly 124,000 Palestinians in Gaza Are Displaced . 2023-10-09 . The Wall Street Journal . en-US.
45. Web site: Presse . AFP-Agence France . Israeli Strike On Lebanon Kills Hezbollah Member: Officials . 2023-10-09 . barrons.com . en-US.
46. News: Barton . Alex . Bowman . Verity . Zagon . Chanel . 2023-10-10 . Israel-Palestine latest news: Biden to address nation on Israel crisis - watch live . en-GB . The Telegraph . 2023-10-10 . 0307-1235.
47. News: Farge . Emma . 2023-10-10 . UN rights chief condemns Israeli 'siege' of Gaza, terrorists' taking of hostages . en . Reuters . 2023-10-10.
48. Web site: Israeli airstrikes cut off internet, communications in large areas of Gaza Strip . 2023-10-10 . aa.com.tr.
49. News: 2023-10-10 . Israeli soldier and terrorists killed in confrontation on Lebanon frontier . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-10-10.
50. News: 2023-10-10 . Two members from Hamas political office killed in air strike, official says . en . Reuters . 2023-10-10.
51. Web site: Berman . Lazar . 'At least 40 babies killed': Foreign reporters taken to massacre site in Kfar Aza . 2023-10-10 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
52. Web site: Agence France-Presse . WHO Calls For Humanitarian Corridor Into Gaza Strip . 2023-10-10 . barrons.com . en-US.
53. Web site: Rafah crossing between Gaza and Egypt disrupted by Israeli air raids . 2023-10-10 . Al Jazeera . en.
54. Web site: Israel Gaza live news: Push for lifesaving access to Gaza civilians as Israel cuts off power . 2023-10-11 . BBC News . en-gb.
55. News: 2023-10-10 . Israel refuses request to bring food, medical supplies into Gaza -Palestinian PLO official . en . Reuters . 2023-10-11.
56. Web site: How are Palestinian children affected by the Israel-Hamas war? . 2023-10-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
57. Web site: 2023-10-11 . Israeli jets hit over 200 targets in overnight strikes in Gaza 'terror nest', says IDF . 2023-10-11 . Firstpost . en.
58. Web site: Gaza power plant runs out of fuel, Israel creates a war-time Cabinet . 2023-10-11 . AP News . en.
59. Web site: Photos: Rimal neighbourhood, the beating heart of Gaza, wiped out . 2023-10-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
60. Web site: National . The . 2023-10-11 . Israel-Gaza war live: UN warns of conflict spillover as rockets fired on Lebanon border . 2023-10-11 . The National . en.
61. News: Sawafta . Ali . Chacar . Henriette . 2023-10-11 . As Gaza war rages, Israeli forces kill 27 Palestinians in West Bank . en . Reuters . 2023-10-11.
62. Web site: 4 paramedics killed in Israeli attacks on Gaza Strip . 2023-10-11 . aa.com.tr.
63. News: Lubell . Maayan . Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . 2023-10-11 . Israel forms emergency war cabinet against Hamas as deaths and damage in Gaza mount . en . Reuters . 2023-10-11.
64. News: 2023-10-12 . Death toll in Gaza reaches 1,200 with over 338,000 people displaced . en . Le Monde . 2023-10-12.
65. News: 2023-10-12 . Palestinians report 51 dead in IDF airstrikes on Gaza City within one hour . en . Ynetnews . 2023-10-12.
66. Web site: 2023-10-12 . Israel's defence forces with tanks positioned at the Gaza border; 3 water plants out of service . 2023-10-12 . India Today NE . en.
67. Web site: More than 338,000 people displaced in Gaza: UN . 2023-10-12 . The Jakarta Post . en.
68. Web site: UN chief: Humanitarian aid for Gaza must be allowed . 2023-10-12 . NHK WORLD . en.
69. Web site: 2023-10-12 . Israel: White Phosphorus Used in Gaza, Lebanon Human Rights Watch . 2023-11-07 . en.
70. Web site: Israel Gaza live news: Gaza situation dire, UN says, as Israeli military admits security failures . 2023-10-12 . BBC News . 12 October 2023 . en-gb.
71. Web site: Israel-Gaza: NRC calls for humanitarian corridors to save lives . 2023-10-12 . NRC . en.
72. Web site: Pacchiani . Gianluca . Egypt urges Israel to stop bombing Rafah crossing to allow aid delivery . 2023-10-12 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
73. News: 2023-10-13 . 'Only the beginning' says Netanyahu as Israel makes first raids into Gaza . en . Reuters . 2023-10-13.
74. Web site: Israel Gaza live news: Civilians flee northern Gaza as US says it is talking to Israel about 'safe areas' . 2023-10-13 . BBC News . 13 October 2023 . en-gb.
75. Web site: AP and ToI Staff . Hamas tells Gazans not to evacuate . 2023-10-13 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
76. Web site: 2023-10-12 . UK evacuation flights begin as humanitarian crisis engulfs Gaza . 2023-10-13 . euronews . en.
77. Web site: Israel vows to end Hamas' rule over Gaza as fighting intensifies-Xinhua . 2023-10-13 . english.news.cn.
78. Web site: Federica Marsi . Mersiha Gadzo . Edna Mohamed . Joseph Stepansky . Israel-Hamas updates: Thousands flee as Israel starts ground raids in Gaza . 2023-10-13 . Al Jazeera . en.
79. Web site: Israeli strikes killed 13 hostages, including foreigners, in Gaza, claims Hamas . 13 October 2023 . 2023-10-13 . WION . en-us.
80. Web site: IDF conducts 'widespread' strikes in Gaza as Biden speaks to families of hostages . 2023-10-13 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
81. Web site: 2023-10-14 . Israel-Hamas war: 70 killed after convoys of evacuees in Gaza hit by Israeli airstrikes . 2023-10-15 . NBC News . en.
82. News: 2023-10-14 . Hezbollah says it attacked five Israeli outposts in disputed Shebaa Farms area . en . Reuters . 2023-10-15.
83. Web site: Atallah . Nada Maucourant . Homsi . Nada . 2023-10-14 . Israel shelling killed two civilians in South Lebanon . 2023-11-07 . The National . en.
84. Web site: Usaid Siddiqui . Joseph Stepansky . Federica Marsi . Dalia Hatuqa . Israel-Hamas war updates: Iran tells Israel to stop before 'it's too late' . 2023-10-15 . Al Jazeera . en.
85. Web site: 2023-10-13 . UN calls for $294 mn for 'urgent needs' in Gaza, occupied West Bank . 2023-10-15 . France 24 . en.
86. Web site: 2023-10-14 . Iran warns Israel to halt 'war crimes' in Gaza before 'it's too late' . 2023-10-15 . Business Standard . en.
87. Web site: Israeli army raids West Bank city of Jenin . 2023-10-15 . aa.com.tr.
88. Web site: 2023-10-15 . Israel-Hamas war latest: Israeli troops amass for probable Gaza offensive as Palestinians scramble . 2023-10-15 . CBS News . en-US.
89. Web site: AJLabs . Israel-Gaza war in maps and charts: Live Tracker . 2023-10-15 . Al Jazeera . en.
90. Web site: 2023-10-14 . Israel accused of using controversial white phosphorus shells in Gaza amid war with Hamas - CBS News . 2023-10-15 . CBS News . en-US.
91. News: Nichols . Michelle . 2023-10-14 . At UN, Palestinians call for halt to Israeli offensive, world powers mull options . en . Reuters . 2023-10-15.
92. News: 2023-10-14 . Israeli military preparing 'wide range' of attacks as Gaza residents flee . 2023-10-15 . The Washington Post . en.
93. News: 2023-10-15 . Israel-Lebanon border clashes escalate . en . Reuters . 2023-10-16.
94. News: 2023-10-15 . Peacekeeping force UNIFIL says headquarters in south Lebanon hit by a rocket . en . Reuters . 2023-10-16.
95. News: 2023-10-16 . Israel readies to invade Gaza where one million have fled homes . The Economic Times . 2023-10-16 . 0013-0389.
96. Web site: 2023-10-15 . NGOs accuse Israel of using white phosphorus munitions in Gaza – but what are they? . 2023-10-16 . France 24 . en.
97. Web site: Usaid Siddiqui . Arwa Ibrahim . Priyanka Shankar . Lyndal Rowlands . Kevin Doyle . Hamza Mohamed . Zaheena Rasheed . Israel-Hamas war updates: Israeli water supply move a 'distraction' . 2023-10-16 . Al Jazeera . en.
98. Web site: Top Hamas Commander Behind Israel Infiltration Killed In Airstrike . 2023-10-16 . NDTV.com.
99. Web site: Gostoli . Ylenia . 'From friend to enemy': Palestinians in Israel suspended from jobs over war . 2023-10-16 . Al Jazeera . en.
100. Web site: Yasmin Porat Speaks Out: Israeli Hostage Contradicts Official Account . 2023-11-07 . Financial World.
101. Web site: 2023-10-16 . Israeli forces shot their own civilians, kibbutz survivor says . YouTube.
102. News: Wells . Peter . Wheatley . Jonathan . Ralph . Oliver . Mancini . Donato Paolo . Kerr . Jaren . White . Alexandra . 2023-10-16 . Israel conflict latest: Iran warns of possible 'pre-emptive' attack on Israel in 'the coming hours' . Financial Times . 2023-10-16.
103. Web site: Wallace . Danielle . 2023-10-16 . Israel evacuating 28 communities near Lebanon border . 2023-10-16 . Fox News . en-US.
104. News: 16 October 2023 . US citizens evacuated by sea via Haifa port . The Jewish Chronicle . 2023-10-16.
105. Web site: Usaid Siddiqui . Ted Regencia . Arwa Ibrahim . Hamza Mohamed . Virginia Pietromarchi . Dalia Hatuqa . Edna Mohamed . Israel-Hamas war updates: Up to 250 captives held in Gaza, Hamas says . 2023-10-16 . Al Jazeera . en.
106. Web site: 2023-10-16 . Hamas releases new footage of a hostage . 2023-10-16 . The Jerusalem Post . en-US.
107. Web site: Israel Gaza live news: Hamas fires rockets at Israel cities as Gaza hospitals near collapse . 2023-10-16 . BBC News . 16 October 2023 . en-gb.
108. Web site: 2023-10-16 . Colombia demands Israel envoy leave amid spat over war with Hamas . 2023-10-16 . Radio France Internationale . en.
109. Web site: What we know so far about the deadly strike on a Gaza hospital .
110. News: Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . 2023-10-17 . At least 300 dead in Gaza hospital bombing, local authorities say . en . Reuters . 2023-10-17.
111. Web site: Israel Gaza live news: Hundreds killed in Israeli strike on Gaza hospital - Palestinian officials . 2023-10-17 . BBC News . 16 October 2023 . en-gb.
112. Web site: 2023-10-17 . Israel-Gaza conflict: Deepening concern for civilians, as UN school is hit UN News . 2023-10-17 . United Nations . en.
113. Web site: Health Ministry says almost 4,400 wounded in Israel since start of war . 2023-10-17 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
114. Web site: 2023-10-18 . US vetoes UN resolution condemning all violence against civilians in Israel-Hamas war . 2023-10-18 . AP News . en.
115. Web site: Usaid Siddiqui . Joseph Stepansky . Dalia Hatuqa . Arwa Ibrahim . Israel-Hamas war updates: Biden says 20 aid trucks to enter Gaza via Egypt . 2023-10-18 . Al Jazeera . en.
116. News: 2023-10-18 . Turkey's Erdogan: UN Security Council has 'not fulfilled responsibility' in Gaza . en . Reuters . 2023-10-18.
117. News: Borger . Julian . 2023-10-18 . Biden tells Israel not to 'repeat mistakes' made by US after 9/11 . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-10-19 . 0261-3077.
118. Web site: Fabian . Emanuel . 3 injured in rocket strikes on Kiryat Shmona as Lebanon border tensions spike . 2023-10-19 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
119. News: 2023-10-19 . Eight Palestinians, Israeli police officer, killed in West Bank clashes . en . Reuters . 2023-10-19.
120. Web site: Israeli military has 'green light' to move into Gaza, official says . 2023-10-20 . ABC News . en.
121. News: 2023-10-18 . Rishi Sunak calls for stability after backing Israel against Hamas . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-10-20.
122. Web site: 2023-10-19 . Israeli ambassador leaves Ankara after warning, Turkish media reports . 2023-10-20 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
123. Web site: 2023-10-20 . Israel evacuates Kiryat Shmona, town of 20,000 near Lebanon . 2023-10-20 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
124. Web site: Colombia to open embassy in Palestine: President . 2023-10-20 . aa.com.tr.
125. Web site: Trucks Carrying Aid Start Entering Gaza Through Rafah Border From Egypt . 2023-10-22 . NDTV.com.
126. Web site: Newspaper . The Peninsula . 2023-10-22 . Palestinian journalist killed by Israeli attacks in Gaza . 2023-10-22 . thepeninsulaqatar.com . en.
127. Web site: Overnight Israeli air raids kill 55 people in Gaza, authorities say . 2023-10-22 . Al Jazeera . en.
128. News: 2023-10-22 . Egyptian army says border guards hurt in accidental hit by Israeli tank . en . Reuters . 2023-10-22.
129. Web site: Usaid Siddiqui . Hamza Mohamed . Umut Uras . Arwa Ibrahim . Israel-Hamas war updates: Hamas says repelled ground attack in Gaza . 2023-10-22 . Al Jazeera . en.
130. News: 2023-10-22 . Israeli air strikes kill two workers at Syria's Damascus airport, official says . en . Reuters . 2023-10-22.
131. News: 2023-10-23 . Hamas accuses Israel of assassinating senior member in prison . en . Reuters . 2023-10-24.
132. News: Tara Subramaniam . Christian Edwards . Aditi Sangal . 2023-10-24 . Live updates: Israel-Hamas war rages, Gaza deaths mount, two Israeli hostages released . 2023-10-24 . CNN . en.
133. Web site: Hamas says two more Gaza hostages freed . 2023-10-24 . The Philippine Star.
134. Web site: Joseph Stepansky . Farah Najjar . Arwa Ibrahim . Israel-Hamas war updates: WHO urges fuel, healthcare deliveries to Gaza . 2023-10-24 . Al Jazeera . en.
135. Web site: Israel vows 'unrelenting' attacks as dozens reported killed in Gaza strikes . 2023-10-24 . Al Jazeera . en.
136. Web site: Qatari emir says Israel should not be given 'free licence to kill' in Gaza . 2023-10-24 . Al Jazeera . en.
137. Web site: 2023-10-17 . EU leaders to focus on fallout from Hamas attack on Israel . 2023-10-24 . Business Standard . en.
138. Web site: The fury born of moral certitude . 2023-10-24 . wbur.org . 24 October 2023 . en.
139. Web site: Farah Najjar . Arwa Ibrahim . Joseph Stepansky . Israel-Hamas live updates: 6,500 Palestinians killed by Israel in Gaza . 2023-10-25 . Al Jazeera . en.
140. Web site: 2023-10-17 . EU leaders to focus on fallout from Hamas attack on Israel . 2023-10-25 . Business Standard . en.
141. Web site: 2023-10-25 . Death toll in Gaza reaches 6,546 . 2023-10-25 . Business Standard . en.
142. Web site: US resists ceasefire call in UN Security Council debate on Israel-Gaza war . 2023-10-25 . Al Jazeera . en.
143. News: Nichols . Michelle . 2023-10-24 . To cease fire or pause? US, Russia poised for UN showdown on Israel . en . Reuters . 2023-10-25.
144. News: 2023-10-25 . S&P lowers Israel's rating outlook to negative on war risks . en . The Straits Times . 2023-10-25 . 0585-3923.
145. Web site: Israel-Gaza latest: Israeli tanks and troops cross into Gaza in 'tactical raid'; Turkey says 'international silence on Gaza attacks embarrassing' . 2023-10-26 . Sky News . en.
146. Web site: Fabian . Emanuel . 2023-10-25 . IDF strikes Syria after rocket attack on north; 8 Syrian soldiers said killed . 2023-10-26 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
147. News: Salam . Erum . 2023-10-25 . Al Jazeera says Israeli airstrike killed the family of its Gaza correspondent . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-10-26 . 0261-3077.
148. News: Gaza Civilians Face Starvation as War Weapon . 2023-10-26 . Mirage News . en-AU.
149. Web site: Farah Najjar . Joseph Stepansky . Arwa Ibrahim . Israel-Hamas war updates: Names of Palestinians killed in Gaza released . 2023-10-26 . Al Jazeera . en.
150. News: 2023-10-26 . Arab countries condemn 'flagrant violations' in targeting civilians in Gaza . en . Reuters . 2023-10-26.
151. Web site: Sforza . Lauren . 2023-10-26 . DeSantis's office says it is sending drones, weapons, ammunition to Israel . 2023-10-26 . The Hill . en-US.
152. Web site: Israel Gaza live news: Israeli tanks cross into Gaza for 'targeted raid' . 2023-10-26 . BBC News . 26 October 2023 . en-gb.
153. Web site: Joseph Stepansky . Farah Najjar . Gaza is being strangled . 2023-10-27 . Al Jazeera . en.
154. Web site: 2023-10-27 . Thousands of Jordanians rally in solidarity with the people of Palestine . 2023-10-27 . Business Standard . en.
155. Web site: Danner . Chas . 2023-10-27 . Israel-Hamas War Live Updates: Invasion of Gaza Has Begun . 2023-10-27 . Intelligencer . en.
156. Web site: 2023-10-27 . Palestinian Sources Report IDF Armor Advancements on Beit Hanoun, Intense Strikes Continue Atlas News . 2023-10-27 . en-US.
157. Web site: Federica Marsi . Ylenia Gostoli . Israel secretly detaining thousands of missing Gaza workers: Rights groups . 2023-10-28 . Al Jazeera . en.
158. Web site: UN peacekeeping mission HQ in south Lebanon hit by shell; 2nd such incident since Israel-Hamas war . 28 October 2023 . 2023-10-28 . WION . en-us.
159. Web site: 2023-10-28 . Amid 'unprecedented escalation' in Gaza, UN calls for immediate humanitarian ceasefire Israel-Palestine crisis: UN calls for immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza amid 'unprecedented escalation', communications blackout UN News . 2023-10-28 . United Nations . en.
160. News: 2023-10-28 . Gaza info blackout 'risks providing cover for mass atrocities': HRW . The Economic Times . 2023-10-28 . 0013-0389.
161. News: Orie . Amarachi . Mahmood . Zahid . Kottasová . Ivana . Khadder . Kareem . Said-Moorhouse . Lauren . 2023-10-28 . Israeli ground forces inside Gaza as Palestinians take stock after intense overnight bombardment . 2023-10-28 . CNN . en.
162. Web site: Israel-Hamas war: List of key events, day 22 . 2023-10-28 . Al Jazeera . en.
163. Web site: Thompson . Polly . October 28, 2023 . Kenneth . Niemeyer . Israel says it will 'fight' Elon Musk's offer of Starlink internet access to Gaza . 2023-10-28 . Business Insider . en-US.
164. Web site: 2023-10-27 . UN General Assembly calls for 'humanitarian truce' in Gaza leading to halt in Israel-Hamas fighting . 2023-10-28 . AP News . en.
165. Web site: Umut Uras . Priyanka Shankar . Mersiha Gadzo . Netanyahu: Gaza war will be 'long and difficult' as Israel pummels enclave . 2023-10-28 . Al Jazeera . en.
166. Web site: TBS News . 28 October 2023 . Civilians Under Threat .
167. 28 October 202 . 'Expanded Ground Operation' In Gaza Puts Even More Children's Lives On The Line . Save The Children . 2023-10-28 . Scoop News.
168. News: 2023-10-29 . Impeding relief aid to Gaza may be a crime under ICC jurisdiction, prosecutor says . en . Reuters . 2023-10-30.
169. Web site: More children's deaths in Gaza in 3 weeks than annual total since 2019: NGO . 2023-10-30 . Al Jazeera . en.
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176. Web site: Fabian . Emanuel . IDF says captured soldier rescued from Gaza during overnight operation . 2023-10-31 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
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182. Web site: 2023-10-31 . The Patriarchate of Jerusalem: Israeli Shelling of Orthodox Cultural Center Embodies Unjustifiable Targeting of Civilian Infrastructure in Gaza . 2023-10-31 . Jerusalem Patriarchate News Gate . en-US.
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189. Web site: Jordan says will recall ambassador from Israel . 2023-11-01 . zawya.com . Agence France-Presse . en.
190. Web site: Photos: Israel targets Gaza's Jabalia refugee camp for second time . 2023-11-02 . Al Jazeera . en.
191. News: 2023-11-01 . Iran warns of 'harsh consequences' if Gaza attacks continue . en . Reuters . 2023-11-02.
192. Web site: Fabian . Emanuel . IDF confirms Sgt. First Class Shalev Sharabi killed by mortar fire near Gaza . 2023-11-02 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
193. Web site: UN rights office says Israeli attacks on Jabalia could be 'war crime' . 2023-11-02 . Al Jazeera . en.
194. Web site: Giannini . Dominic . 2023-11-02 . Hopes for civilian corridors as Australians leave Gaza . 2023-11-02 . The Courier . en-AU.
195. Web site: 2023-11-02 . Bahrain summons envoy to Israel, suspends economic relations . 2023-11-02 . Business Standard . en.
196. Web site: Mohamed . Mersiha Gadzo,Virginia Pietromarchi,Edna . Israeli bombardment intensifies as Gaza death toll crosses 9,000 . 2023-11-02 . Al Jazeera . en.
197. Web site: 2023-11-02 . Israeli Forces Arrest Birzeit University Student Council President Amid Tensions . 2023-11-02 . BNN Breaking . en-US.
198. News: 2023-11-02 . Lebanon's Hezbollah attacks Israeli forces with drones . en . Reuters . 2023-11-02.
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201. Web site: Stepansky . Farah Najjar,Joseph . Israeli strike hits medical convoy at Gaza hospital gate, officials say . 2023-11-03 . Al Jazeera . en.
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204. Web site: Bushard . Brian . Turkey Latest Pulling Ambassador From Israel — Joining These 6 Other Countries . 2023-11-05 . Forbes . en.
205. Web site: Fabian . Emanuel . IDF says troops have encircled Gaza City, split coastal enclave into two . 2023-11-06 . The Times of Israel . en-US.
206. Web site: 2023-11-05 . Lebanon says Israeli strike kills reporter's 4 relatives . 2023-11-06 . France 24 . en.
207. News: Far-right minister: Nuking Gaza is an option, population should 'go to Ireland or deserts' . The Times of Israel . 5 November 2023 . 5 November 2023.
208. Web site: Netanyahu says minister's remark about nuking Gaza is 'detached from reality' . 5 November 2023 . The Times of Israel. en-US.
209. News: Netanyahu suspends from cabinet meetings minister who touted option of nuking Gaza . Berman . Lazar . The Times of Israel . 5 November 2023 . 5 November 2023.
210. News: Harel . Amos . November 6, 2023 . Rumbling in the North as Israel Works Against U.S. Clock in Gaza . en . Haaretz . 2023-11-06.
211. News: Verter . Yossi . November 6, 2023 . Netanyahu's Far-right Ministers Are His Assets, and for Israel a Liability . en . Haaretz . 2023-11-06.
212. Web site: Hajdenberg . Jackie . 2023-11-06 . Israeli-American border police officer, 20, killed in Jerusalem stabbing attack . 2023-11-06 . Jewish Telegraphic Agency . en-US.
213. News: South Africa Recalls Envoy in Tel Aviv, Accuses Israel of 'Genocide' in Gaza . en . Haaretz . 2023-11-06.
214. News: 2023-11-06 . Israel's military says it is striking Hezbollah targets in Lebanon . en . Reuters . 2023-11-06.
215. Web site: Israel targets Nasser Medical Complex in Gaza City . 2023-11-07 . Al Jazeera . en.
216. Web site: Beaumont . Hilary . Protesters block US military ship allegedly carrying weapons for Israel . 2023-11-07 . Al Jazeera . en.
217. Web site: 2023-11-07 . Israel appoints new int'l coordinator for release of Gaza hostages . 2023-11-07 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
218. Web site: Najjar . Farah . Stepansky . Joseph . Israel vows to keep up Gaza attacks as Palestinians face mass displacement . 2023-11-07 . Al Jazeera . en.
219. News: Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . Angel . Maytaal . Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . Angel . Maytaal . 2023-11-07 . Israel says its forces operating in 'heart of Gaza City' . en . Reuters . 2023-11-08.
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221. Web site: 2023-11-07 . Gaza: Israeli Ambulance Strike Apparently Unlawful Human Rights Watch . 2023-11-08 . en.
222. Web site: Mohamed . Mersiha Gadzo,Edna . 'Nothing in Gaza but death' as Israeli attacks continue targeting civilians . 2023-11-08 . Al Jazeera . en.
223. Web site: Ataman . David McKenzie, Sarah Dean, Joseph . 2023-11-06 . South Africa and Chad recall diplomats from Israel . 2023-11-08 . CNN . en.
224. Web site: Najjar . Edna Mohamed,Joseph Stepansky,Farah . Gaza death toll shows Israel operations 'clearly wrong': UN boss . 2023-11-08 . Al Jazeera . en.
225. Web site: Mohamed . Virginia Pietromarchi,Mersiha Gadzo,Edna . At least 8 Palestinians killed in Israeli raids on Jenin refugee camp . 2023-11-09 . Al Jazeera . en.
226. Web site: ICC receives lawsuit over Israel's 'apartheid', 'genocide' in Gaza . 2023-11-09 . Al Jazeera . en.
227. News: 2023-11-10 . Israel strikes Syria after drone hits southern Eilat city - Israeli military . en . Reuters . 2023-11-10.
228. Web site: Mohamed . Mersiha Gadzo,Virginia Pietromarchi,Edna . As Israeli tanks surround hospitals, UN calls northern Gaza 'hell on Earth' . 2023-11-10 . Al Jazeera . en.
229. News: Al-Khalidi . Suleiman . Tétrault-Farber . Gabrielle . 2023-11-10 . UN rights chief urges probe over Israel's Gaza bombardment . en . Reuters . 2023-11-10.
230. News: Mackenzie . James . 2023-11-09 . More questions than answers as Israeli PM Netanyahu seeks security control over Gaza . en . Reuters . 2023-11-11.
231. Web site: Israeli forces close in on al-Shifa Hospital, trapping thousands . 2023-11-12 . Al Jazeera . en.
232. Web site: Netanyahu rejects calls for cease-fire as Israel battles Hamas at Gaza hospital . 2023-11-12 . ABC News . en.
233. Web site: 2023-11-10 . United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - occupied Palestinian territory Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel Flash Update #35 . 2023-11-12 . United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - occupied Palestinian territory . en.
234. Web site: Pietromarchi . Usaid Siddiqui,Virginia . 'Extreme panic and fear': Israeli tanks 20 metres from al-Quds hospital . 2023-11-12 . Al Jazeera . en.
235. Web site: Felix . Jason . Pandor calls for International Criminal Court to issue arrest warrant for Benjamin Netanyahu . 2023-11-13 . News24 . en-US.
236. Web site: 2023-11-12 . UN office in Gaza shelled, reports of casualties and injuries: UNDP chief . 2023-11-13 . Dawn. Pakistan . en.
237. Web site: 2023-11-12 . Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel Flash Update #36 [EN/AR/HE] - occupied Palestinian territory ReliefWeb ]. 2023-11-13 . reliefweb.int . en.
238. Web site: Gaza's two biggest hospitals cease operations as WHO warns of rising deaths . 2023-11-14 . Al Jazeera . en.
239. Web site: i24NEWS . 2023-11-13 . IDF soldiers pictured with Israeli flag inside Gaza parliament building . 2023-11-14 . I24news . en.
240. Web site: 2023-11-13 . More than 60 mosques destroyed across Gaza . 2023-11-14 . Dawn. Pakistan . en.
241. News: 2023-11-13 . U.N. observes minute's silence for 101 staff killed in Gaza . en . Reuters . 2023-11-14.
242. Web site: Presse . AFP-Agence France . UN Warns Fuel Shortage To Halt Gaza Aid Work In 48 Hours . 2023-11-14 . barrons.com . en-US.
243. Web site: Stepansky . Joseph . Israel-Hamas war updates: Palestinians killed in Israeli attack on Jabalia . 2023-11-14 . Al Jazeera . en.
244. Web site: 2023-11-11 . Netanyahu: 'Hamas lost control of northern Gaza, PA can't run the Strip' . 2023-11-15 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
245. Web site: Agencies . The New Arab Staff & . 2023-11-14 . Yemen's Houthis threaten to attack Israeli ships in Red Sea . 2023-11-15 . newarab.com/ . en.
246. News: 2023-11-14 . Israeli forces kill eight Palestinians in West Bank - medics . en . Reuters . 2023-11-15.
247. Web site: 2023-11-12 . Israeli soldiers inside Gaza's biggest hospital . 2023-11-15 . BBC News . en-gb.
248. Web site: UN Security Council adopts resolution for 'humanitarian pauses' in Gaza . 2023-11-16 . Al Jazeera . en.
249. Web site: 2023-11-16 . Israel police confirm three gunmen killed in Jerusalem attack . 2023-11-16 . Radio France Internationale . en.
250. Web site: i24NEWS . 2023-11-17 . Senior Hamas political bureau member Ahmed Bahar killed in IDF strike - report . 2023-11-17 . I24news . en.
251. News: Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . Mackenzie . James . Al-Mughrabi . Nidal . 2023-11-18 . Israeli air strikes kill 32 in south Gaza amid calls for civilians to flee . en . Reuters . 2023-11-18.
252. Web site: 2023-11-19 . Israel: Iran behind Yemen's Houthis seizure of ship in Red Sea . 2023-11-19 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
253. Web site: Presse . AFP-Agence France . Israeli Foreign Ministry Says Recalls Its Ambassador From South Africa . 2023-11-21 . barrons.com . en-US.
254. Web site: 21 November 2023. Israel kills 2 journalists, 2 civilians in south Lebanon, Hezbollah retaliates . 2023-11-24 . Naharnet.
255. Web site: 2023-11-22 . What does the cease-fire between Israel and Hamas look like? . 2023-11-24 . AP News . en.
256. News: Sabbagh . Dan . 2023-11-23 . Israel arrests Gaza hospital director and bombs 300 targets amid truce delay . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-11-24 . 0261-3077.
257. Web site: Jamal . Urooba . Israel-Hamas truce comes into effect: How it could now unfold . 2023-11-24 . Al Jazeera . en.
258. Web site: Picheta . Richard Greene, Rob . 2023-11-24 . First group of Israelis and Palestinians freed under breakthrough Israel-Hamas truce . 2023-11-24 . CNN . en.
259. 2023-11-24 . Hamas Has Released 12 Thai Hostages. Here's What to Know . 2023-11-24 . Time . en.
260. News: Graham-Harrison . Emma . Sabbagh . Dan . 2023-11-26 . Israel releases 39 Palestinian prisoners as Hamas frees 17 hostages in latest stage of ceasefire deal . en-GB . The Observer . 2023-11-27 . 0029-7712.
261. Web site: 2023-11-24 . Israel summons Spanish, Belgian ambassadors following criticism during visit to Rafah . 2023-11-27 . AP News . en.
262. Web site: 2023-11-26 . US Navy seizes attackers who held Israel-linked tanker. Missiles from rebel-controlled Yemen follow . 2023-11-27 . AP News . en.
263. Web site: Israeli forces kill eight Palestinians in occupied West Bank raids . 2023-11-27 . Al Jazeera . en.
264. News: 2023-11-26 . Palestinian farmer killed by Israeli forces in Gaza refugee camp: Palestinian Red Crescent . en . Reuters . 2023-11-27.
265. Web site: Associated Press . 2023-11-26 . Hamas says senior commander Ahmed al-Ghandour, in charge of northern Gaza, was killed in war . 2023-11-27 . The San Diego Union-Tribune . en.
266. Web site: 2023-11-26 . Netanyahu visits Gaza, is first Israeli PM to do so in two decades . 2023-11-27 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
267. News: Kershner . Isabel . Yee . Vivian . 2023-11-26 . Israel-Hamas War: Hamas and Israel Complete 3rd Exchange of Hostages for Prisoners . en-US . The New York Times . 2023-11-28 . 0362-4331.
268. Web site: Ioanes . Ellen . 2023-11-27 . The Israel-Hamas prisoner deal was extended. What comes next? . 2023-11-28 . Vox . en.
269. Web site: Israel releases 30 Palestinian prisoners on fifth day of temporary cease-fire . 2023-11-29 . ABC News . en.
270. Web site: 2023-11-29 . Violence bleeds through generations in West Bank's Jenin . 2023-11-29 . France 24 . en.
271. Web site: Platt . Ivana Kottasová, Barbara Arvanitidis, Nima Elbagir, Alex . 2023-11-29 . Release of Palestinian prisoners sheds light on controversial Israeli justice system in the occupied West Bank . 2023-11-30 . CNN . en.
272. Web site: 2023-11-29 . IDF eliminates commander of Islamic Jihad's Jenin branch . 2023-11-30 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
273. News: 2023-11-29 . Two Palestinian boys killed during Israeli raid in West Bank . en-GB . 2023-11-30.
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275. Web site: 2023-11-30 . Three murdered by Hamas terrorists in Jerusalem shooting attack . 2023-11-30 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
276. Web site: 'Serious doubt' Israel complying with international law: Spain PM Sanchez . 2023-12-02 . Al Jazeera . en.
277. Web site: Blinken urges Israel to protect civilians amid tough Gaza truce talks . 2023-12-02 . Al Jazeera . en.
278. Web site: More than 180 killed as Israel resumes Gaza assault . 2023-12-02 . Al Jazeera . en.
279. Web site: Pensulo . Charles . An 'unfortunate' arrangement: Malawians alarmed as workers head to Israel . 2023-12-02 . Al Jazeera . en.
280. Web site: Israel bombs hundreds of targets in Gaza as truce efforts continue . 2023-12-04 . Al Jazeera . en.
281. Web site: US sends 'bunker buster' bombs to Israel for war on Gaza, report says . 2023-12-04 . Al Jazeera . en.
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283. Web site: Telecommunications, internet down in Gaza as Israeli strikes intensify . 2023-12-06 . Al Jazeera . en.
284. Web site: Israel's war on Gaza: List of key events, day 59 . 2023-12-06 . Al Jazeera . en.
285. News: Massoud . Bassam . Mustafa . Ibraheem Abu . 2023-12-05 . Israeli forces storm Khan Younis in south Gaza, killing scores of Palestinians . en . Reuters . 2023-12-06.
286. Web site: Northern Gaza hospital 'overwhelmed by horror' as Israeli army lays siege . 2023-12-06 . Al Jazeera . en.
287. Web site: Qatar emir condemns 'genocide' in Gaza, urges ceasefire at GCC summit . 2023-12-06 . Al Jazeera . en.
288. Web site: Israeli raid kills 22 members of Al Jazeera correspondent's family in Gaza . 2023-12-07 . Al Jazeera . en.
289. Web site: UN secretary-general invokes Article 99 on Gaza in rare, powerful move . 2023-12-07 . Al Jazeera . en.
290. Web site: UN warns of 'horror' and 'atrocities' as Israel steps up Gaza assault . 2023-12-07 . Al Jazeera . en.
291. Web site: UN warns of 'horror' and 'atrocities' as Israel steps up Gaza assault . 2023-12-07 . Al Jazeera . en.
292. Web site: 2023-12-07 . Amnesty says US-made missiles used in Gaza strikes that killed 43 . 2023-12-08 . The Independent . en.
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294. Web site: Israel-Hamas war: List of key events, day 62 . 2023-12-08 . Al Jazeera . en.
295. Web site: Israel should face war crimes probe over journalist death in Lebanon: NGOs . 2023-12-08 . Al Jazeera . en.
296. News: Nichols . Michelle . 2023-12-08 . US blocks UN Security Council demand for humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza . en . Reuters . 2023-12-09.
297. Web site: 2023-12-09 . Gaza's Great Omari Mosque in ruins after Israeli bombing, Hamas says . 2023-12-09 . South China Morning Post . en.
298. Web site: 2023-12-08 . Journalists' rights group counts 94 media workers killed this year, most of them in Gaza . 2023-12-09 . AP News . en.
299. Web site: Israel's war on Gaza: List of key events, day 64 . 2023-12-09 . Al Jazeera . en.
300. Web site: Photos: Israel bombs Gaza areas it declared safe zones for Palestinians . 2023-12-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
301. Web site: US skips congressional review for emergency sale of tank shells to Israel . 2023-12-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
302. Web site: Jordan's foreign minister says Israel aiming 'to empty Gaza of its people' . 2023-12-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
303. Web site: Nearly 300 killed in Gaza in 24 hours as Hamas, Netanyahu trade threats . 2023-12-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
304. Web site: Nearly 300 killed in Gaza in 24 hours as Hamas, Netanyahu trade threats . 2023-12-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
305. Web site: Israel's war on Gaza: List of key events, day 66 . 2023-12-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
306. News: 75-year-old Man Reportedly Killed by Israeli Shelling in Lebanon; Rockets Fired at Central, North Israel . en . Haaretz . 2023-12-11.
307. Web site: Israel's war on Gaza: List of key events, day 66 . 2023-12-11 . Al Jazeera . en.
308. News: 2023-12-11 . Israeli shelling kills mayor of Lebanese village . en . Reuters . 2023-12-12.
309. News: 2023-12-13 . Israel says colonel among 10 soldiers killed in Gaza on Tuesday . en . Reuters . 2023-12-13.
310. Web site: Berlinger . Tamar Michaelis, Richard Allen Greene, Joshua . 2023-12-16 . What we know about the 3 Israeli hostages killed by the IDF . 2023-12-18 . CNN . en.
311. Web site: AFP . 2023-12-16 . Israel says allows 'temporary' entry of aid into Gaza through new border New Straits Times . 2023-12-18 . NST Online . en.
312. Web site: France calls for Gaza truce, condemns killing of worker in Israeli attack . 2023-12-18 . Al Jazeera . en.
313. Web site: Varshalomidze . Virginia Pietromarchi,Usaid Siddiqui,Tamila . Israel kills dozens across Gaza as US defence chief arrives for talks . 2023-12-18 . Al Jazeera . en.
314. Web site: Israeli attack on residential area in south Gaza kills at least 29 people . 2023-12-19 . Al Jazeera . en.
315. Web site: Gaza death toll surpasses 20,000 as UN Security Council delays vote on aid . 2023-12-21 . Al Jazeera . en.
316. Web site: 2023-12-22 . Israel-Hamas War: What happened on Day 75? . 2023-12-22 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
317. Web site: Siddiqui . Mersiha Gadzo,Usaid . 'Massacre': At least 70 killed in Israeli attack on al-Maghazi refugee camp . 2023-12-25 . Al Jazeera . en.
318. News: 2023-12-25 . Israeli strike in Syria kills Iranian commander, Iran says . en-GB . 2023-12-26.
319. Web site: Intel gets $3.2bn grant to build $25bn chip plant in Israel . 2023-12-27 . Al Jazeera . en.
320. News: 2023-12-28 . Thousands of Palestinians flee central Gaza as Israeli troops advance . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-12-29.
321. Web site: 2023-12-30 . Israel-Hamas war: IDF raids Hamas intel HQ in Gaza's Khan Yunis . 2023-12-30 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
322. Web site: אוכלואוכלוסיית ישראל בפתחה של שנת 2024. Population of Israel on the Eve of 2024. Central Bureau of Statistics . State of Israel . he . 3 January 2024.
323. News: The country's population grew by 1.9% over the past year, the Central Bureau of Statistics reports. Globes . 2023-12-31 .
324. News: Shas spiritual leader Rabbi Shimon Baadani passes away at 95 . 2023-01-11 . The Jerusalem Post | Jpost.com . en-US.
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329. Web site: Col. (res.) Lion Bar, 53: Raced to the scene to help evacuate wounded . The Times of Israel . 2023-10-30 .
330. News: Deputy Commander of IDF's 300th Brigade killed on Lebanon border . 10 October 2023 . 2023-10-12 . Arutz Sheva.
331. News: Rabbi Baruch Mordechai Ezrachi passed away at 94 . 26 October 2023 . 2023-10-26 . Arutz Sheva.
332. Web site: 2023-10-29 . יוסף צברי, אלוף ישראל בריצות ארוכות, הלך לעולמו בגיל 89 . 2023-10-30 . ספורט 1 . he-IL.
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334. Web site: 2023-11-24 . מרכינים ראש: אברהם מנצ'ל הלך לעולמו - ערוץ הספורט . 2023-12-24 . Sport5.co.il - אתר ערוץ הספורט . he.
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336. Web site: המשוררת אמירה הס הלכה לעולמה בגיל 80 . 2023-12-24 . www.israelhayom.co.il.
337. Web site: 2023-12-04 . Remembering Avraham Avi-Hai: a man of many paths . 2023-12-24 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
338. Web site: 2023-12-06 . Radio host Amos Ettinger passes away at 86 . 2023-12-24 . The Jerusalem Post JPost.com . en-US.
339. Web site: 2023-12-09 . В возрасте 72 лет умерла Лариса Герштейн . 2023-12-24 . NEWSru.co.il . ru.
340. Web site: 2023-12-10 . הבימאית והמחזאית עדנה מזי"א הלכה לעולמה ישראל היום . 2023-12-24 . www.israelhayom.co.il.
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