2023 in Ethiopia explained

Events in the year 2023 in Ethiopia.

Incumbents

• President: Sahle-Work Zewde
• Prime Minister: Abiy Ahmed

Events

Ongoing

• War in Amhara^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}
  • OLA insurgency Gambela conflict^{[6] [7]}
• House demolition^{[8] [9] [10] [11] [12]}
• Detention and arbitrary arrest
• Educational crisis in Ethiopia since 2020
• Addis Ababa City Corridor Project

January

• January 11 – 15 Amhara IDPs and civilians killed in Haro Kebele by Oromo Special Forces (regional forces).^[13]
• January 12 – Ethiopian Security forces arrested and detained members of the Ethiopian Human Rights Council named, Bereket Daniel, Nahom Hussien, Daniel Tesfaye, and Bizuayehu Wendimu,
• January 20 – 98 civilians killed by the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA) along with other ethnic Oromo militants in multiple Amhara villages in North Shewa, Amhara Region. 155 people injured and 1,930 houses damaged (set on fire).^[14]
• January 23 – 25-episcopate was formed in Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, led by Abune Sawiros, which is condemned by the Holy Synod of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, led by Patriarch Abune Mathias. The incident resulted in crisis in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church.^[15]

February

• February 3 – Ethiopian prime minister Abiy Ahmed met with officials of the Tigray People's Liberation Front for the first time since the signing of a peace treaty in November.^[16]
• Early February – 3 to 8 people killed when police attacked the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in Addis Ababa.^{[17] [18] [19]}
• February 15 – 50 ethnic Amharas killed by Oromo militants in the Oromia region.^[20]
• February 25 – The Murle ethnic militiamen from South Sudan crossed in to Ethiopia and killed and injured civilians in Boy kebele of the Agnewak zone in Gambela. The Murle militiamen also killed and guns were seized.
• February 28 – Police attacked civilians during the 127th Adwa Victory Celebrations and inside the religious congregation at the Saint George Church. At least one person shot by a security force. ReliefWeb reported that the victim is an Amhara and a civics teacher at a high school,.^{[21] [22]}

March

• March 7 – UN's High Commissioner stated that there needs to be tangible progress on accountability for the ongoing conflict-related violations and abuses in the country. He also calls on the implementation of the report by his Office and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission.^[23]
• March 8 – Human rights activist and journalist Meaza Mohammed received the 2023 International Women of Courage Award which was hosted by Department of State in Washington DC.
• March 10 – Secretary of State Antony Blinken visited Ethiopia and announced new U.S. Aid to "advance" vital steps for building peace and stability in the country.^{[24] [25] [26]}
• March 16 – The Addis Ababa City Administration banned about 10,000 tuk-tuk (″Bajaj") taxis. The Ethiopian Human Rights Commission published a statement explaining the rights violations and calling on the administration to lift the restrictions.^{[27] [28]}
• March 18 – Finance minister stated that minimum of USD20 billion is needed to rebuild the devastated northern part of Ethiopia which includes the Afar, Amhara and Tigray regions.^[29]
• March 18 – ReliefWeb reported the critical needs of tens of thousands of Amhara IDPs in North Shewa and other parts of the Amhara Region. It also highlighted the widespread malaria cases in Afar— the highest in the past five years. The resumption of services in Tigray was also covered in the report.^[30]
• March 20 – OCHA classified locations (woredas) occupied by 600,000 Amhara IDPs as hotspots.^[31]
• March 22 – Daniel Bekele, Chief Commissioner of the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission briefed UN member states at the 36th Meeting – 52nd Regular Session of the Human Rights Council. He made calls to the international community to support and coordinate Transitional justice efforts in Ethiopia.^[32]
• March 22 – UNHCR reported that about 100,000 new Somali refugees arrived in Ethiopia in February 2023 alone and called for urgent funding. Erupted hostilities in Laascaanood town reported as the main cause for this displacement.^[33]
• March 22 – In May 2021, the Council of ministers designated the TPLF as a terrorist group.^{[34] [35]} Following the peace agreement, the Parliament voted in March 2023 to remove TPLF from the list of terrorist organisations.^[36]
• March 23 – OCHA reported 2,276 cholera cases in East Bale, Guji and Borena zones of Oromia and Daawa Zone of Somali regions.^[37]

April

• From April 3 – New wave of crackdown and arbitrary arrests primarily against ethnic Amhara journalists and activists by the government.^{[38] [39] [40]}
• From April 2 – Protests across the Amhara Region erupted following governments' announcement to disband the Amhara Regional forces. Prosperity Party has been accused of enforcing measures to disband the Amhara forces while the controversial disarmament of Tigray forces remained unresolved, and the Oromia regional forces still heavily armed. Both have been taken as major threat for the Amhara.^{[41] [42]}
• April 2 – VOA reported that at least 21 fatalities, 10 severe injuries and over 5800 displacement due to flood in Gofa Zone, in the Uba Debretsehay of the SNNPR.
• April 6 – Based on ReliefWeb, about 24 million Ethiopians live in drought affected areas and about 11 million of them need food assistance. About 2.05 billion USD is required for the response.^[43]
• April 7 – ReliefWeb reported that there was at least 2624 targeted civilian fatalities from April 2022 to 2023.^[44]
• April 12 – Questions re-surfaced on the legitimacy of Abiy Ahmed doctoral thesis.^{[45] [46]}
• April 27 – Cholera outbreak continued in the Gamo-Gofa of SNNPR region.^[47]
• April 27 – Girma Yeshitila, head of Abiy's Prosperity Party was assassinated during work related travel. The Amhara blamed Abiy Ahmed for plots and assassination.^[48]

May

• May 6 – Umer Lema of the Afar Prosperity Party official was assassinated while traveling for work in the Oromia Region. VOA reported that additional 6 people including Umer's brother were also shot dead.^{[49] [50]}
• May 6 – Ethiopian Peace Observatory (ACLD) reported on volatilities in the Amhara Region. The region had the highest number of recorded events and fatalities due to political violence in April, with 26 events and 47 reported fatalities. Over 68% of all reported fatalities in the country were recorded in the Amhara region.^[51]
• May 9 – ReliefWeb reported that close to 750 people crossed to Metema from Sudan on 9 May alone. Until May 9, more than 17,500 people have crossed through the Metema border point since April 21.^[52]
• May 9 – Daniel Bekele of the EHRC provided update to the Parliament on the continued volatile situations and concerns in the Amhara Region related to the increase in human rights violations following governments' military actions.^[53]
• May 10 – The National Election Board of Ethiopia presented its concern to the Parliament on the issues of government authorities arresting, and abusing opposition parties and preventing them from holding meetings.^[54] The opposition parties persecuted by include Balderas for True Democracy Party,^[55] Enat Party,^[56] and Gogot^[57] or Gurage Unity and Justice Party.^{[58] [59]}
• May 12 – Four fatalities and five injuries reported in Kasagita, Awsi Rasu, Afar Region due to mortar explosion.^[60] OCHA reported the need for land marking and clearance of explosive remnant of war remain from the TPLF attacking of Afar is high. In addition over 1000 Dengue fever cases were also reported in the region.^[61]
• May 12 – Alebachew Amogne, administrator of Addis Ababa's Kirkos sub-city was assassinated in his office. Addis Ababa police said it identified the suspect and in custody. This is the third assassination in just three weeks.^[62]
• May 12 – OCHA reported that at least 18,500 have crossed the Metema, Amhara border from Sudan since 21 April, with close to 500 new arrivals on 11 May.
• May 12 – Over 71,000 displaced due to excessive rains between March and May mainly in Sidama, SNNP, Oromia and Somali.
• May 19 – U.S. Embassy in Addis Ababa published travel restrictions to Gambela and Benishangul Gumuz Regions due to crime, kidnapping, ethnically motivated violence, and sporadic violent conflict.

June

• June 2 – Authorities continued demolishing Mosques in Addis Ababa. At least 3 worshippers killed by police.^[63]
• June 2 – Ethiopian Human Rights Commission reported imprisonment of hundreds of refugees and asylum seekers from Eritrea imprisoned.^[64]
• June 8 – USAID said, in coordination with the Ethiopian government, that a "widespread and coordinated campaign is diverting food assistance from the people of Ethiopia."^{[65] [66]}
• June 25 – Birtukan Mideksa, chairwoman of the National Election Board of Ethiopia since 2018 announced her resignation.^[67]
• June 30 – ReliefWeb reported that the security in situation in the Amhara Region remains volatile and there are about 583.5K IDPs across the region, including 245K school-age (3–18) children. At least 4086 schools are damaged and unable to resume the education process. As of June 2023, 902K children remain out of school, from both IDPs and host community.^[68]

July

• July 7 – Farmers in the Amhara Region continued demonstrating the government due to restricted access to fertilizers that threatens agricultural livelihoods.^[69]
• July 14 – OCHA reported that Cholera outbreak continues spreading across 74 woredas in Oromia, Somali, Sidama and SNNPR for almost a year.^[70]
• July 15 – Abiy Ahmed's regime continued deporting Eritrean refugees from Ethiopia. UN urged the government to stop detaining, and deporting asylum seekers and migrants.^[71]
• July 20 – VOA Amharic published that curfew is imposed in Gambela due to the renewed ethnic violence that led to killing of unspecified number of people, property destruction and civilians displacements.

August

• August 1 – Fano and ENDF began intense clashes in Debre Tabor and Kobo.^{[72] [73]}
• August 4 – The Sudanese state of El Gedaref closes its border with Ethiopia after heavy fighting break out between Fano militia men and the Ethiopian army in the Amhara region.^[74]
• August 4 – Due to the clashes between Fano and ENDF, the Ethiopian government declared a six-month state of emergency in the Amhara Region.^[75] The war was waged by Abiy Ahmed in April 2023 with measures to consolidate power by dissolving the Fano militia and Amhara Special Forces in the Amhara region. Series of peaceful protests were held following this announcement that led to war between Fano and the Ethiopian government.
• August 26 – Four people are killed and twenty are injured in a grenade attack by a former TDF combatant in Mekelle, Tigray.^[76]
• August 29 – The United Nations reports that at least 183 people have been killed during recent clashes between Fano militiamen and security forces in Amhara Region.^[77]

November

• November 14 – USAID announces the resumption of food aid distribution to Ethiopia following an agreement with the Ethiopian government on enhanced monitoring measures. USAID suspended aid delivery in June due to allegations of diversion.^[78]

Deaths

• April 27 – Girma Yeshitila, head of Abiy Ahmed's Prosperity Party was assassinated during work related travel. The Amhara blamed Abiy Ahmed for plots and assassination.
• May 6 – Umer Lema of the Afar Prosperity Party official was assassinated while traveling for work in the Oromia Region. VOA reported that additional 6 people including Umer's brother were also shot dead.
• May 12 – Alebachew Amogne, administrator of Addis Ababa's Kirkos sub-city was assassinated in his office. Addis Ababa police said it identified the suspect and in custody. This was the third assassination in three weeks since the assassination of Umer Lema.
• May 12 – The death of Ethiopian popular singer, Hirut Bekele was announced on this date.

See also

• Human rights in Ethiopia
• Timeline of the Tigray War

Notes and References

1. Web site: ኢሰመኮ የዐማራ ክልል ውጥረት በውይይት እንዲፈታ አሳሰበ . 2023-05-10 . ቪኦኤ . 8 May 2023 . am.
2. Web site: Ethiopia: Amhara People, Betrayed Persecuted and Ignored – BY GRAHAM PEEBLES EthioReference . 2023-05-13 . ethioreference.com.
3. Web site: AAA-admin . 2023-05-05 . Update on Developments in Ethiopia – May 04, 2023 . 2023-05-13 . Amhara Association o . en.
4. Web site: 2023-04-15 . Ethiopia's post-war challenge: Disarming regional militias . 2023-05-13 . The East African . en.
5. Web site: ACLED . Communications . 2023-05-06 . EPO April 2023 Monthly: Volatility in Amhara Region While the Rest of the Country Stabilizes . 2023-05-10 . Ethiopia Peace Observatory . en-US.
6. Web site: Ethiopia Travel Advisory . 2023-07-21 . travel.state.gov.
7. Web site: 2023-07-20 . ግጭት እና ግድያ በተባባሰበት የጋምቤላ ክልል ሁሉም ከተሞች የሰዓት እላፊ ገደብ ተጣለ . 2023-07-21 . ቪኦኤ . am.
8. Web site: Ethiopia: Anger as govt. officials demolish hundreds of houses in area earmarked for development projects . 2023-03-09 . Business & Human Rights Resource Centre . fr.
9. Web site: AAA-admin . 2023-01-12 . Demolitions of Houses, Killings, and Bodily Injury of Amharas in the Newly Established Sheger City . 2023-03-09 . Amhara Association o . en.
10. Web site: 2023-05-26 . በአዲስ አበባ በተከሰተ ተቃውሞ ሁለት ሰዎች ሲሞቱ ከ100 በላይ ሰዎች በፖሊስ ተያዙ . 2023-05-27 . BBC News አማርኛ . am.
11. Web site: 2023-04-08 . Two people lost their lives in a march in Addis Ababa against the mosque's demolition – EthioExplorer.com . 2023-05-27 . en-US.
12. Web site: Presse . AFP-Agence France . 3 Killed As Muslims, Police Clash In Ethiopia Capital . 2023-06-09 . www.barrons.com . en-US.
13. Web site: 1 February 2023 . AUpdate January 11,2023 Massacre of Amhara IDPs and civilians in Haro Kebele in the Oromo region by the government Oromo Special Forces . 6 March 2023 . Amhara Association of America (AAA).
14. Web site: Ethiopia: EPO Weekly: 21–27 January 2023 – Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-03-09 . reliefweb.int . February 2023 . en.
15. Web site: What's behind the crisis in Ethiopia's Orthodox Tewahedo Church? . 2023-08-07 . www.aljazeera.com . en.
16. Web site: 2023-02-03 . Ethiopia PM holds first meeting with Tigray leaders since peace deal . 2023-02-04 . RFI . en.
17. Web site: Three Killed in Attacks on Ethiopian Orthodox Church, According to Report . 2023-03-06 . VOA . 4 February 2023 . en.
18. Web site: Africa . R. M. . 2023-02-06 . Three Christians Killed by Government Forces in Ethiopia . 2023-03-09 . International Christian Concern . en-US.
19. Web site: AFP . Staff Writer With . 2023-02-13 . Eight Killed in Ethiopia Church Attacks: Rights Body . 2023-03-09 . The Defense Post . en-US.
20. News: 2023-02-21 . Ethiopia commission accuses Oromiya rebels of killing 50 people . en . Reuters . 2023-03-06.
21. Web site: 2023-03-03 . Regarding 2023 Adwa Victory Day celebration related incidents EHRC calls for implicated law enforcement officials to be subject to accountability . 2023-03-06 . Ethiopian Human Rights Commission – EHRC . en-US.
22. Web site: Ethiopia: EPO Weekly: 25 February −3 March 2023 – Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-03-18 . reliefweb.int . 8 March 2023 . en.
23. Web site: Global update: High Commissioner outlines concerns in over 40 countries . 2023-03-18 . OHCHR . en.
24. Web site: Peace for Ethiopia: What Should Follow Blinken's Visit? . 2023-03-18 . United States Institute of Peace . en.
25. Web site: 2023-03-15 . Secretary of State Blinken says Ethiopia must do more on Tigray peace deal . 2023-03-18 . PBS NewsHour . en-us.
26. Web site: 2023-03-16 . "Encouraged by recognition of the context and the efforts of EHRC": Chief Commissioner on Meeting with US Secretary of State . 2023-03-23 . Ethiopian Human Rights Commission – EHRC . en-US.
27. Web site: 2023-03-16 . አዲስ አበባ፡ የከተማ አስተዳደሩ ባለሦስት እና አራት እግር (ባጃጅ) አነስተኛ የሕዝብ ትራንስፖርት አገልግሎት ተሽከርካሪዎች ላይ ያስቀመጠውን ሙሉ እገዳ በማንሳት ለችግሮች ዘላቂ መፍትሔ ሊያመቻች ይገባል . 2023-03-23 . Ethiopian Human Rights Commission – EHRC . en-US.
28. Web site: Fortune . (Addis) . Addis Abeba Bans Three-Wheeled Vehicles . 2023-03-23 . en-US.
29. Web site: 2023-03-18 . Finance Minister Reveals USD 20 Billion Required For War Recovery The Reporter Latest Ethiopian News Today . 2023-03-19 . www.thereporterethiopia.com . en-US.
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33. Web site: 22 March 2023 . 100,000 new Somali refugees arrive in Ethiopia in the past month, UN and partners are calling for urgent funding . 28 March 2023 . United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
34. Web site: 2021-05-01 . Council Of Ministers Approves Resolution Designating TPLF And Shene As Terrorist Organizations (May 1, 2021) – Embassy of Ethiopia . 2023-03-30 . en-US.
35. News: 2021-05-06 . Ethiopia Declares Tigray, Oromia Groups Terrorist Organizations . en . Bloomberg.com . 2023-03-30.
36. News: 2023-03-22 . Ethiopia takes Tigray's TPLF party off terrorism list . en . Reuters . 2023-03-30.
37. Web site: Ethiopia: Cholera Outbreak – Flash Update #6 (as of 23 March 2023) – Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-05-11 . reliefweb.int . 28 March 2023 . en.
38. Web site: 2023-04-17 . Ethiopia must respect rights to protest and media. . 2023-04-17 . Amnesty International . en.
39. Web site: Spicer . Sarah . 2023-04-14 . At least 8 journalists detained amid renewed unrest in Ethiopia . 2023-04-17 . Committee to Protect Journalists . en-US.
40. Web site: 2023-04-15 . በሚዲያ ጥፋት የተጠረጠሩ ታሳሪዎች በሙሉ ያለምንም ቅድመ ሁኔታ ከእስር ሊለቀቁ ይገባል . 2023-04-17 . Ethiopian Human Rights Commission – EHRC . en-US.
41. News: Endeshaw . Dawit . 2023-04-09 . Gunfire, protests in Ethiopia's Amhara over plan to disband regional force . en . Reuters . 2023-04-18.
42. News: 2023-04-10 . Ethiopia's Amhara region hit by protests over move to dissolve regional forces . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-04-18.
43. Web site: Ethiopia: Drought Snapshot – 4 April 2023 – Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-04-18 . reliefweb.int . 6 April 2023 . en.
44. Web site: Ethiopia: EPO Weekly: 1–7 April 2023 – Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-04-18 . reliefweb.int . 12 April 2023 . en.
45. Web site: Staff . 2018-08-26 . Dr Plagiarizer: Ethiopian Prime Minister Plagiarizes Henry Kissinger . 2023-04-18 . Somaliland Chronicle . en-US.
46. live.
47. Web site: በጋሞ እና በጎፋ ዞኖች በተዛመተው ኮሌራ ሰዎች እየሞቱና በብዛት እየታመሙ ናቸው . 2023-05-11 . ቪኦኤ . 27 April 2023 . am.
48. Web site: 2023-05-01 . Ethiopia: 47 arrests after murder of Girma Yeshitila, head of Abiy's Propserity Party party in Amhara . 2023-05-04 . The Africa Report.com . en-US.
49. Web site: በአፋር ክልል የብልጽግና ፓርቲ አመራርን ጨምሮ ሰባት ሰዎች ተገደሉ . 2023-05-10 . ቪኦኤ . 8 May 2023 . am.
50. Web site: Mereja.com . 2023-05-08 . Unidentified gunmen kill another Ethiopia ruling party official: Report . 2023-05-10 . Mereja . en-US.
51. Web site: ACLED . Communications . 2023-05-06 . EPO April 2023 Monthly: Volatility in Amhara Region While the Rest of the Country Stabilizes . 2023-05-10 . Ethiopia Peace Observatory . en-US.
52. Web site: Flash Update #5: The Impact of the Situation in Sudan on Ethiopia (As of 10 May 2023) – Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-05-10 . reliefweb.int . 10 May 2023 . en.
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62. Web site: 12 May 2023 . Administrator of Addis Ababa's Kirkos sub-city killed in office . 13 May 2023 . BNN Network/.
63. Web site: Presse . AFP-Agence France . 3 Killed As Muslims, Police Clash In Ethiopia Capital . 2023-06-09 . www.barrons.com . en-US.
64. Web site: Dejene . Liya . 2023-06-02 . በስደተኞች እና ጥገኝነት ጠያቂዎች ላይ የዘፈቀደ እስር ሊቆም ይገባል . 2023-06-20 . Ethiopian Human Rights Commission – EHRC . en-US.
65. News: Paravicini . Giulia . 2023-06-08 . U.S. suspends food aid to Ethiopia, says it is not reaching needy . en . Reuters . 2023-06-09.
66. Web site: Like US, UN suspends Ethiopia food aid over diversion of supplies . 2023-06-30 . www.aljazeera.com . en.
67. Web site: Welle (www.dw.com) . Deutsche . የፖለቲከኞች አስተያየት ሥለ ብርቱካን ሚዴቅሳ DW 27.06.2023 . 2023-06-30 . DW.COM . am-ET.
68. Web site: 2023-07-17 . Ethiopia Education Cluster Quarterly Newsletter April – June 2023 – Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-07-21 . reliefweb.int . en.
69. Web site: Mensah . Ebenezer . 2023-07-07 . Farmers in Ethiopia Face Severe Fertilizer Shortage, Threatening Agricultural Livelihoods . 2023-07-21 . BNN Breaking . en-US.
70. Web site: 2023-07-14 . Ethiopia ReliefWeb . 2023-07-21 . reliefweb.int . en.
71. Web site: UN experts urge Ethiopia to stop deporting, detaining Eritreans . 2023-07-21 . www.aljazeera.com . en.
72. Web site: Account . 2023-08-02 . Defense Force warns media, those who are profiteering in the name of FANO . 2023-08-07 . Borkena Ethiopian News . en-US.
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