2023 Equatorial Guinea Marburg virus disease outbreak explained

Disease:Marburg virus
Bacteria Strain:-->
Parasite Strain:-->
Pathogen Strain:-->
Location:Equatorial Guinea
First Reported:
Date:7 February 2023 – 8 June 2023
Confirmed Cases:17
Suspected Cases:28
Hospitalised Cases:-->
Deaths:12 confirmed
(20 suspected)[1]
Fatality Rate:71%

A disease outbreak was first reported in Equatorial Guinea on 7 February 2023 and, on 13 February 2023, it was identified as being Marburg virus disease. It was the first time the disease was detected in the country. As of 4 April 2023, there were 14 confirmed cases and 28 suspected cases, including ten confirmed deaths from the disease in Equatorial Guinea.[2] [3] On 8 June 2023, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak over.[4] In total, 17 laboratory-confirmed cases and 12 deaths were recorded. All the 23 probable cases reportedly died. Four patients recovered from the virus and have been enrolled in a survivors programme to receive psychosocial and other post-recovery support.[5]

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Background

See main article: Marburg virus disease.

Marburg virus disease is a viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the Marburg virus, with a case fatality ratio of up to 88 percent. Symptoms are similar to Ebola virus disease.

There are no vaccines or antiviral treatments for Marburg.[6]

Outbreak

An outbreak of an unidentified illness was first reported on 7 February 2023 and linked to people who took part in a funeral ceremony in Kié-Ntem province's Nsok-Nsomo district. Eight deaths were reported by 10 February 2023, prompting a local lockdown, while Cameroon introduced border restrictions. Reported symptoms included nose bleeds, fever, joint pain and other ailments.[7]

On 13 February 2023, the World Health Organization and Equatorial Guinea's health ministry announced that one of the samples sent to the Pasteur Institute laboratory in Senegal had tested positive for Marburg virus.[8] At that time, there were 25 suspected cases, including 9 deaths. The condition of the confirmed case was not reported.[2]

Neighbouring Cameroon detected two suspected cases of Marburg virus disease on 13 February 2023,[9] but they were later ruled out.[10]

On 25 February, a suspected case of Marburg was reported in the Spanish city of Valencia,[11] however this case was subsequently discounted.[12]

On 28 February, Equatoguinean Health Minister Mitoha Ondo'o Ayekaba reported that there had been two more deaths of people with symptoms of the disease.[1]

On 4 April, it was reported that 10 confirmed deaths from the disease had occurred. It was also revealed that cases had been detected in four different districts of the country, including eight cases in the port city of Bata.

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Death Toll In E. Guinea Marburg Outbreak Rises To 11 . . 28 February 2023 . 28 February 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230228115340/https://www.barrons.com/news/death-toll-in-e-guinea-marburg-outbreak-rises-to-11-9a4651ed . live .
  2. Web site: Equatorial Guinea declares outbreak of Ebola-like Marburg virus. BNO News. 13 February 2023. 20 February 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230220120932/https://bnonews.com/index.php/2023/02/equatorial-guinea-declares-outbreak-of-ebola-like-marburg-virus/. live.
  3. News: Schnirring . Lisa . Equatorial Guinea confirms another Marburg virus case . 4 April 2023 . CIDRAP . University of Minnesota . 4 April 2023 . 4 April 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230404100508/https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/marburg/equatorial-guinea-confirms-another-marburg-virus-case . live .
  4. Web site: WHO declares end to Marburg virus outbreak in Equatorial Guinea . . 19 June 2023 . 6 November 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231106034119/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230608-who-declares-end-to-marburg-virus-outbreak-in-equatorial-guinea . live .
  5. Web site: 2023-06-08 . Marburg Virus Disease outbreak in Equatorial Guinea ends . 2023-07-05 . WHO Regional Office for Africa . en . 2023-08-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230801060026/https://www.afro.who.int/countries/equatorial-guinea/news/marburg-virus-disease-outbreak-equatorial-guinea-ends . live .
  6. Web site: Marburg (Marburg Virus Disease) Marburg (Marburg Virus Disease) CDC . www.cdc.gov . 14 February 2023 . en-us . 8 August 2022 . 19 October 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221019213530/https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/marburg/index.html . live .
  7. Web site: Equatorial Guinea quarantines 200 after unknown hemorrhagic fever deaths. Reuters. 10 February 2023. Amindeh. Atabong. 2023-02-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20230223005949/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/cameroon-restricts-movement-along-equatorial-guinea-border-after-several-2023-02-10/. live.
  8. Web site: Equatorial Guinea confirms first-ever Marburg virus disease outbreak. World Health Organization. 13 February 2023. 13 February 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230213183549/https://www.afro.who.int/countries/equatorial-guinea/news/equatorial-guinea-confirms-first-ever-marburg-virus-disease-outbreak. live.
  9. Web site: Cameroon detects two suspected cases of Marburg virus near Eq. Guinea . . 14 February 2023 . 2023-02-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221132513/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/who-increasing-health-surveillance-after-equatorial-guinea-finds-marburg-virus-2023-02-14/ . live .
  10. Web site: | By Ministère de la Santé Publique du Cameroun | Facebook. www.facebook.com. 2023-02-28. 2023-02-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20230228190904/https://www.facebook.com/MINSANTE.PageOfficielle/videos/c4534e7c/757499088848735/. live.
  11. Web site: Aislado un paciente en Valencia por sospechas de que padezca la grave fiebre de Marburgo. El Pais. 25 February 2023. 2023-02-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20230225073702/https://elpais.com/espana/comunidad-valenciana/2023-02-25/aislado-un-paciente-en-valencia-por-sospechas-de-que-padezca-la-grave-fiebre-de-marburgo.html. live.
  12. Web site: Spain says patient does not have Marburg disease . . 28 February 2023 . 2023-02-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227191716/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/spanish-authorities-detect-first-suspected-case-marburg-disease-2023-02-25/ . live .

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