2023 Adamawa State gubernatorial election explained

Election Name:2023 Adamawa State gubernatorial election
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:2019 Adamawa State gubernatorial election
Previous Year:2019
Next Election:2027 Adamawa State gubernatorial election
Next Year:2027
Election Date:18 March 2023
Registered:2,196,566
Turnout:39.90%
Nominee1:
Running Mate1:
Party1:Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)
Popular Vote1:430,861
Percentage1:50.46%
Running Mate2:Titsi Ganama
Party2:All Progressives Congress
Popular Vote2:398,788
Percentage2:46.71%
Map Size:250px
Governor
Before Election:Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri
Before Party:Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)
After Election:Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri
After Party:Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)

The 2023 Adamawa State gubernatorial election took place on 18 March 2023, to elect the Governor of Adamawa State, concurrent with elections to the Adamawa State House of Assembly as well as twenty-seven other gubernatorial elections and elections to all other state houses of assembly.[1] [2] The election — which was postponed from its original 11 March date — was held three weeks after the presidential election and National Assembly elections.[3] Incumbent Governor Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri (PDP) was re-elected by a 3.75% margin over first runner-up and APC nominee — Senator Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed.[4]

The primaries, scheduled for between 4 April and 9 June 2022, resulted in Fintiri winning the Peoples Democratic Party primary unopposed on 26 May while the All Progressives Congress nominated Senator for Adamawa Central Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed on 25 May.[5] Although a Federal High Court ruling nullified the APC primary on 14 October, an Appeal Court judgment overturned the nullification and reinstated Ahmed on 24 November.[6] [7]

The conduct of the general election was highly controversial with INEC failing to declare the results by 20 March due to delays in counting due to logistical problems and attempted electoral interference. Later on 20 March, INEC declared the election inconclusive; Fintiri and the PDP rejected the declaration, having already alleged a plot to rig the election in favour of Ahmed.[8] [9] [10] The commission set the supplementary election on 15 April, along with other supplementary elections nationwide.[11]

As collation was still in progress on the early morning of 16 April, INEC Resident Electoral Commissioner Hudu Ari declared Ahmed as the victor; the declaration led to immediate protest as the Resident Electoral Commissioner does not have the power to declare a winner, collation was incomplete, and Ari refused to give any data on the purported results.[12] In response, the national INEC called Ari's declaration "null, void and of no effect" before summoning him to the INEC headquarters in Abuja and barring him from office.[13] [14] On 17 April, returning officer Mohammed Mele declared the genuine results: in total, Fintiri obtained nearly 431,000 votes and 50% of the vote as runner-up Ahmed received almost 399,000 votes and 47% of the vote. The controversial and prolonged election process drew public outrage with critics calling the process a "new low" and "dance of shame" for INEC amid various other electoral controversies.[15] Journalists noted potential credibility issues Fintiri could face due to the declaration scandal.[16]

Electoral system

The Governor of Adamawa State is elected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of state local government areas. If no candidate passes this threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government areas.

Background

Adamawa State is a large, diverse northeastern state in the process of recovering from the worst of the Boko Haram insurgency. The state also has to contend with an underdeveloped yet vital agricultural sector and low education rates along with continued security challenges from Boko Haram and ISWAP to sustained conflict between herders and farmers.

Politically, the 2019 Adamawa elections were a swing back to the PDP as its presidential nominee Atiku Abubakar won the state back from Buhari and Fintiri unseated APC Governor Bindo Jibrilla. Legislatively the PDP also gained ground, winning two Senate seats, five House of Representatives seats, and control of the House of Assembly. During Fintiri's term, his administration stated focuses included increased security, ethnic and religious harmony, and water resource management. In terms of his performance, Fintiri was commended for civil service reform while being criticized for having few accomplishments of his own and disregarding FAAN airport health protocols in July 2020.[17] [18] [19]

Primary elections

The primaries, along with any potential challenges to primary results, were to take place between 4 April and 3 June 2022 but the deadline was extended to 9 June.[20] According to some candidates and community leaders, an informal zoning gentlemen's agreement sets the Adamawa Central Senatorial District to have the next governor as since the 1999 return of democracy, all Adamawa governors have come from either the Adamawa South or Adamawa North Senatorial Districts. However, no major party has yet closed their primaries to candidates from the North or South.[21]

All Progressives Congress

On the primary date, the six candidates continued to an indirect primary in Yola that resulted in Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed—Senator for Adamawa Central and former member of the House of Representatives—emerging as the APC nominee after results showed her winning over 42% of the delegates' votes.[22] [23] Controversy arose during the primary when two of Ahmed's campaigners were arrested while caught bribing delegates and after the primary, accusation of overvoting led to internal debates. Later it was noted that Ahmed's nomination was the first time a woman had been nominated by a major party for the Adamawa governorship and only the second time a woman had been nominated by a major party for any state governorship.[24] [25] Post-primary analysis noted several failures from Ahmed's opponents and the success of Ahmed's campaign in picking off delegates expected to vote for others along with consolidating support from women delegates.[26] However, about a month after the primary, first runner-up Nuhu Ribadu sued for the nullification of the primary based on the reports of vote-buying.[27] Despite the court proceedings, Ahmed continued her campaign and picked Titsi Ganama—a fellow former House of Representatives member—as her running mate. On 14 October, Ribadu's suit was ruled on with Judge Abdulaziz Anka siding with Ribadu in invalidating Ahmed's nomination due to overvoting in the primary; however, Anka did not name Ribadu as nominee or order a rerun primary and instead rendered the APC without a nominee for the gubernatorial election. Ahmed announced her intention to appeal the judgment later that week and a Court of Appeal judgment on 24 November ruled in her favour, reinstating Ahmed as nominee.[28] Although Ribadu originally announced his intention to take the case to the Supreme Court, he withdrew the lawsuit in early December "for the larger good of the party."[29]

Nominated

Eliminated

Withdrew

Declined

Results

People's Democratic Party

On 16 March 2022, the national PDP announced its gubernatorial primaries' schedule, setting its expression of interest form price at ₦1 million and the nomination form price at ₦20 million with a 50% discount for candidates between 25 and 30. Forms were to be sold until 1 April but the party later extended the deadline four times before reaching a final deadline of 22 April. After the submission of nomination forms by 25 April, candidates were screened by a party committee on 28 April while 2 May was the rescheduled date for the screening appeal process. Ward congresses were set for 29 April and LGA congresses were rescheduled for 10 May to elect delegates for the primary.[41] Candidates approved by the screening process advanced to a primary set for 25 May, in concurrence with all other PDP gubernatorial primaries; challenges to the result could be made in the following days.[42] [43]

Although there was significant controversy over the disqualification of Fintiri's only primary opponent a few days before the contest, the primary held peacefully with Fintiri as the sole candidate.[44] After winning unopposed at the primary venue in Yola, Fintiri thanked the party delegates and urged the state party to support Atiku Abubakar's presidential primary campaign. About a month after the primary, Kaletapwa Farauta—the Vice-Chancellor of Adamawa State University and former Commissioner of Education from Numan—was picked as Fintiri's running mate instead of incumbent Deputy Governor Crowther Seth.[45] [46] At the formal unveiling event of Farauta as running mate in early August, Fintiri said he picked Farauta for a gender balanced ticket and praises Seth's service.[47]

Nominated

Disqualified by screening committee

Results

Minor parties

Campaign

In the months after the primaries, pundits noted the potential boost that Fintiri could receive due to Adamawa-native Atiku Abubakar's nomination to be the PDP presidential nominee; another issue for Ahmed was due to the APC presidential ticket—APC nominee Bola Tinubu's selection of Kashim Shettima created a Muslim-Muslim ticket, violating an unwritten convention against same religion tickets—with pundits noting the religious diversity of Adamawa and the opposition forming against the APC among northern Christians. There were also issues within the Adamawa APC as Nuhu Ribadu—runner-up in the gubernatorial primary—contested the primary results leading to an internal party crisis that culminated in the removal of state party chair Ibrahim Bilal in September 2022.[52] Nonetheless, observers also noted Ahmed's strong support base among women voters and historic candidacy to become the first elected woman governor. Analysts claimed that Ahmed's popularity with women may have led Fintiri to drop incumbent Deputy Governor Crowther Seth as his running mate for Kaletapwa Farauta in order to achieve a gender balanced ticket.[53] Another major factor was the ability for Fintiri to retain his support in the Numan area and among the Christian minority; both demographics were vital for Fintiri in 2019.[54] [55] By September, pundits were questioning the effects of misogyny against Ahmed and the political clout of respective running mates along with potential of the more prominent minor parties—Labour Party and Social Democratic Party.

However, the next month brought a massive shift to the race as the APC primary was annulled through a Federal High Court ruling that also refused to accede to a new primary, effectively barring the APC from the election. However, a Court of Appeal judgment in late November overturned the previous ruling, reinstating Ahmed as nominee. Despite the successful appeal and Ribadu's acceptance of the ruling, internal rifts created by the legal battle remained as Ahmed supporters feuded with backers of First Lady Aisha Buhari—who had reportedly argued for a Ribadu-led ticket if the Court of Appeal ordered the party to conduct a new primary.[56]

By January 2023, campaigning intensified as litigation concluded and the election neared. Ahmed focused on women voters at rallies while Fintiri received the endorsement of the influential Church of the Brethren in Nigeria.[57] [58] Analysis from SMB Intelligence also noted ethnicity-based voting as a possibility (Ahmed is an ethnic Fulani while Fintiri is ethnically Marghi); however, the piece focused moreso on the influence of Abubakar on the race.[59] The next month, focus switched to the presidential election on 25 February. In the election, Adamawa State voted for Atiku Abubakar (PDP); Abubakar won the state with 57.1% of the vote, beating Bola Tinubu (APC) at 25.0% and Peter Obi (LP) at 14.5%. Although the result was unsurprising as Adamawa is in Abubakar's home state and projections had favored him, the totals led to increased attention on Fintiri's chances in the gubernatorial race with the EiE-SBM forecast projecting Fintiri to win based on "the outcome of the presidential elections" while a Premium Times article noted the potential effect of ethnic dynamics. However, reporting from the Daily Post noted that Ahmed had been underestimated in previous elections and could receive a boost from Tinubu's vote in the presidential election.[60] Observers also reiterated the significance of Ahmed's historic candidacy for women in the wake of the federal elections' backslide in female representation, especially considering allegations that the PDP had worked with misogynistic clerics in an attempt to discredit the possibility of a woman becoming governor.[61] [62]

Projections

SourceProjectionAs of
[63] Lean Fintiri17 March 2023
Enough is Enough-
Fintiri2 March 2023

Conduct

Electoral timetable

General election

Results

By senatorial district

The results of the election by senatorial district.

Senatorial DistrictAishatu Dahiru Ahmed
APC
Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri
PDP
OthersTotal Valid Votes
VotesPercentageVotesPercentageVotesPercentage
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Adamawa Central Senatorial Districtbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Adamawa North Senatorial Districtbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Adamawa South Senatorial Districtbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
TotalsTBDTBD%TBDTBD%TBDTBD%TBD

By federal constituency

The results of the election by federal constituency.

Federal ConstituencyAishatu Dahiru Ahmed
APC
Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri
PDP
OthersTotal Valid Votes
VotesPercentageVotesPercentageVotesPercentage
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Demsa/Numan/Lamurde Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Fufore/Song Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Gombi/Hong Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Guyuk/Shelleng Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Madagali/Michika Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Maiha/Mubi North/Mubi South Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Mayo Belwa/Ganye/Toungo/Jada Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Yola North/Yola South/Girei Federal Constituencybgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBD
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD

By local government area

The results of the election by local government area.

LGAAishatu Dahiru Ahmed
APC
Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri
PDP
OthersTotal Valid VotesTurnout Percentage
VotesPercentageVotesPercentageVotesPercentage
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Demsabgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Fuforebgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Ganyebgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Gireibgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Gombibgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Guyukbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Jadabgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Lamurdebgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Madagalibgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Maihabgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Michikabgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Mubi Northbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Mubi Southbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Numanbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Shellengbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Songbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Toungobgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Yola Northbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" Yola Southbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %bgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" TBDbgcolor=#c4b5bb align="center" %
TotalsTBD%TBD%TBD%TBD%

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Oyekanmi . Rotimi . It’s Official: 2023 Presidential, National Assembly Elections to Hold Feb 25. INEC News . 27 February 2022 . 26 February 2022.
  2. Web site: Jimoh . Abbas . INEC Sets New Dates For 2023 General Elections . . 26 February 2022 . 26 February 2022.
  3. Web site: Suleiman . Qosim . It’s Official: INEC postpones Saturday’s governorship, state assembly elections . . 15 March 2023.
  4. Web site: Ogundapo . Abdulqudus . UPDATED: INEC declares PDP’s Fintiri winner of Adamawa governorship election . . 4 August 2023.
  5. Web site: Gov. Fintiri emerges as PDP’s governorship candidate in Adamawa . . . 26 May 2022.
  6. Web site: Maishanu . Abubakar Ahmadu . Court nullifies APC governorship primary election in Adamawa . . 15 October 2022.
  7. Web site: Livinus . Hindi . Court reinstates Binani as Adamawa APC gov candidate . . 26 November 2022.
  8. Web site: Akpan . Samuel . There’s a plot to alter Adamawa guber results in favour of APC, PDP alleges . . 4 August 2023.
  9. Web site: Yekeen . Akinwale . INEC declares Adamawa governorship election inconclusive . . 4 August 2023.
  10. Web site: Anichukwueze . Donatus . INEC Official Was Misled To Declare Adamawa Election Inconclusive — Fintiri . . 4 August 2023.
  11. Web site: Okocha . Chuks . Akinwale . Adedayo . INEC Announces Supplementary Elections will Hold April 15 . . 4 August 2023.
  12. Web site: Okafor . Chiamaka . Adamawa Governorship: Controversy as ‘wrong’ INEC official declares Binani winner . . 4 August 2023.
  13. Web site: Okafor . Chiamaka . Suleiman . Qosim . UPDATED: INEC HQ rejects declaration of Binani as winner of Adamawa governorship election . . 4 August 2023.
  14. Web site: Suleiman . Qosim . Supplementary Polls: INEC bars Adamawa REC from office . . 4 August 2023.
  15. Web site: Okocha . Chuks . Nwezeh . Kingsley . Akinwale . Adedayo . James . Segun . Sani . Daji . In New Low, Adamawa REC Announces Fake Election Result . . 4 August 2023.
  16. Eniola Akinkuotu . ENIBOY . 1648346230190161925 . That Adamawa REC has seriously undermined INEC's credibility. Whoever is eventually announced as winner of the election will struggle with legitimacy. This is the reason everyone was insisting that partisan people shouldn't be appointed REC but govt &Senate ignored all entreaties.
  17. Web site: RANKING NIGERIAN GOVERNORS, NOVEMBER, 2019: Top 5, Bottom 5 . . 13 March 2022.
  18. Web site: ICYMI: Top 5, Bottom 5; How first term Governors fared in their first year (May, 2020) . . 13 March 2022.
  19. Web site: Mikairu . Lawani . Health check: Gov Fintiri allegedly breaches protocol at Port Harcourt Airport . . 13 March 2022.
  20. Web site: James . Dominic . Primaries: INEC Grants Parties Six Extra Days, Timetable Remains Unchanged . INEC News . 28 May 2022.
  21. Web site: Anwar . Kabiru R. . Nigeria: Adamawa 2023 - Boss Mustapha, Ribadu's Constituency Demand APC Ticket . . . 21 June 2021.
  22. Web site: Mu’azu . Rebecca . Adamawa’s First Female Governorship Candidate Emerges As APC Flagbearer . . 15 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220527205821/https://von.gov.ng/2022/05/27/adamawas-first-female-governorship-candidate-emerges-as-apc-flagbearer/ . 27 May 2022 . . 27 May 2022.
  23. Web site: APC primaries: Sen. Binani beats Ex-Governor, 4 others to emerge flag bearer in Adamawa . . 15 June 2022.
  24. Web site: Aishatu Binani’s coordinators caught ‘bribing’ Adamawa delegates . . 27 May 2022.
  25. Web site: History as Aishatu Binani beats Ribadu, Bindow to Adamawa APC guber ticket . . 27 May 2022.
  26. Web site: Muhammad . Zayyad I. . How APC’s Only Female Guber Candidate Emerged . . 12 June 2022.
  27. Web site: Abdullahi . Amina . Vote Buying: Ribadu Asks Court To Nullify Binani’s Victory . . 20 June 2022.
  28. Web site: Abdullahi . Amina . Gov’ship Primary: I’ll Appeal Court Judgment Nullifying My Victory – Binani . . 19 October 2022.
  29. Web site: Ochetenwu . Jim . 2023: Relief for Adamawa APC as Ribadu withdraws guber suit . . 7 December 2022.
  30. Web site: Adamawa 2023: Senator Aisha Binani Joins Governorship Race, To Challenge Fintri . Wikki Times . 23 March 2022.
  31. Web site: Terzungwe . Saawua . Binani Joins Adamawa Gov’ship Race . . 29 April 2022.
  32. Web site: Ochetenwu . Jim . Adamawa 2023: Binani names Ganama as running mate . . 30 June 2022.
  33. Web site: Ochetenwu . Jim . Adamawa: Ex-Gov Bindow joins guber race . . 12 April 2022.
  34. Web site: Abel . Billy Graham . 2023: APC battle ready to take over Adamawa State – Umar Mustapha declares . . 24 April 2022.
  35. Web site: Alao . Onimisi . Adamawa guber: Theman promises one million jobs . . 22 May 2022.
  36. Web site: Ismail . Mudashir . Salau . Abdullateef . 10 Senators Eyeing Gov’ship Seats In 2023 . . 21 June 2021.
  37. Web site: Toromade . Samson . Senator Abbo, caught on camera beating woman, will contest for Adamawa Governor's seat in 2023 . Pulse Nigeria . 18 August 2021.
  38. Web site: Abuh . Adamu . 2023 Poll: APC crisis deepens in Adamawa over guber ticket . . 12 October 2021.
  39. Web site: Livinus . Hindi . 2023: As APC stalwarts regroup to replace Adamawa gov . . 21 June 2021.
  40. Web site: Ochetenwu . Jim . Former Adamawa guber candidate Nyako seeks to replace Binani at Senate . . 11 April 2022.
  41. Web site: Angbulu . Stephen . 2023: PDP extends sale of forms for fourth time . . 21 April 2022 . 21 April 2022.
  42. Official PDP Nigeria . OfficialPDPNig . 1522143893877366784 . 2023 General Elections: @OfficialPDPNig updated Time Table and Schedule of Activities for the 2023 general elections. See below . 1 May 2022 . https://twitter.com/OfficialPDPNig/status/1522143893877366784.
  43. Web site: Ukaibe . Chibuzo . 2023: PDP Fixes New Date For Gov’ship Primaries . . 21 May 2022.
  44. Web site: Azu . John Chuks . Adamawa Gov’ship: Court Summons PDP, INEC Over Waziri’s Planned Disqualification . . 19 May 2022.
  45. Web site: Ochetenwu . Jim . Gov Fintiri picks female VC as running mate . . 30 June 2022.
  46. Web site: Hammangabdo . Hussaini . JUST-IN: Gov Fintiri Picks Adamawa Varsity VC, Prof. Farauta, As Running Mate . . 30 June 2022.
  47. Web site: Livinus . Hindi . Fintiri unveils female running mate, praises deputy gov . . 3 August 2022.
  48. Web site: Abdullahi . Amina . 14 Adamawa Lawmakers Buy Nomination Forms For Fintiri . . 23 March 2022.
  49. Web site: FINAL LIST OF CANDIDATES FOR STATE ELECTIONS - Governorship & Houses of Assembly . . 5 October 2022.
  50. Web site: Adamawa 2023: Babainna wins PRP ticket . . 6 June 2022.
  51. Web site: Anwar . Kabiru R. . Ardo Clinches SDP Gov’ship Ticket In Adamawa . . 2 June 2022.
  52. Web site: Adamawa APC sacks chairman, Ibrahim Bilal . TVC News . 7 September 2022.
  53. Web site: Sobechi . Leo . How Fintiri raised Adamawa guber stakes with female running mate . . 17 August 2022.
  54. Web site: Tanko . Ibrahim Gaddafi . 2023: Why the Adamawa Governorship race is not to be taken lightly . OrderPaper Nigeria . 7 September 2022.
  55. Web site: Hammangabdo . Hussaini . As PDP, APC, SDP Realign In Adamawa . . 7 September 2022.
  56. Web site: Sobechi . Leo . Fear of Binani leaves Adamawa APC in suspended animation . . 28 December 2022.
  57. Web site: Ochetenwu . Jim . Binani begins guber campaign with renewed appeal to womenfolk . . 18 January 2023.
  58. Web site: Hammangabdo . Hussaini . Church Endorses Fintiri For Second Term . . 18 January 2023.
  59. Web site: Atiku and Adamawa’s back and forth governorship race . SBM Intelligence . 15 February 2023.
  60. Web site: Ochetenwu . Jim . Adamawa guber: Top rated Fintiri faces unpredictable Binani . . 16 March 2023.
  61. Web site: Adekaiyaoja . Afolabi . ANALYSIS: Could Adamawa produce Nigeria’s first elected female governor? . . 16 March 2023.
  62. Web site: Alabira Nabordo . Muhammad . ANALYSIS: Binani battles incumbency, clerics, gender bias in Adamawa . . 18 March 2023.
  63. Web site: Elimian . Adrian . Nigerian Gubernatorial Elections: State Ratings . . 17 March 2023.