2021 in paleontology explained

Flora

Plants

See main article: 2021 in paleobotany.

Fungi

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityLocationNotesImages
Allocordyceps[1] Gen. et sp. novIn pressPoinar & MaltierEoceneBaltic amberEurope (Baltic Sea region)A fungus belonging to the group Hypocreales and the family Clavicipitaceae. Genus includes new species A. baltica.
Bleximothyrium[2] Gen. et sp. novValidLe Renard et al.Early Cretaceous (Aptian)Potomac Group
A dothideomycete fly-speck fungus. Type species B. ostiolatum.
Chaenothecopsis polissica[3] Sp. novValidHeluta & Sukhomlyn in Sukhomlyn et al.Late EoceneRovno amberA species of Chaenothecopsis.
Columnomyces electri[4] Sp. novValidHaelewaters & Perreau in Perreau, Haelewaters & TafforeauMioceneDominican amberA laboulbeniale fungus,
parasitic on the beetle Proptomaphaginus alleni.
Glomites oqoti[5] Sp. novIn pressLalica & TomescuDevonian (Emsian)Battery Point Formation
Spores with affinities to the Glomeromycotina.
Meliolinites scanicus[6] Sp. novIn pressMcLoughlin et al.Late Cretaceous (Santonian–early Campanian)A member of the family Meliolaceae.
Nyssopsora eocaenica[7] Sp. novValidTykhonenko & Hayova in Tykhonenko et al.Middle EoceneNaibuchi Formation
(Sakhalinian amber)
A member of Pucciniales.
Rhizophydites[8] Gen. et sp. novValidKrings, Serbet & HarperEarly DevonianRhynie chertA Chytridiomycotan fungus. Type species R. matryoshkae.
Stomatothyrium[9] Gen. et sp. novValidLe Renard et al.Early Cretaceous (Aptian)Potomac Group
A member of Dothideomycetes. Genus includes new species S. placocentrum.
Stomiopeltites ivoeensisSp. novIn pressMcLoughlin et al.Late Cretaceous (Santonian–early Campanian)A member of the family Micropeltidaceae.
Yongnicta[10] Gen. et sp. novIn pressTobias & Maslova in Xu et al.Late OligoceneYongning FormationA member of Ascomycota described on the basis of fungal fruiting bodies preserved on fossil tupelo endocarps. Genus includes new species Y. nyssae.

Research

Cnidarians

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages
Agastophyllum parvum[17] Sp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Ankhelasma canadense[18] Sp. novIn pressChwiedukCarboniferous (Viséan)Flett FormationA rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Zaphrentoididae.
Apocladophyllia guigouensis[19] Sp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Cladophylliidae.
Apoplacophyllia asiatica[20] Sp. novValidBaron-SzaboEarly Cretaceous (Albian)Langshan FormationA stony coral belonging to the family Heterocoeniidae.
Axosmilia amellagouensisSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Axosmiliidae.
Balkhanomeandra[21] Gen. et sp. novValidBugrovaEarly Cretaceous
A stony coral belonging to the family Latomeandridae. The type species is B. roniewiczae.
Calcariastraea[22] Gen. et comb. novValidMcLean & WrightDevonianA rugose coral. The type species is "Phillipsastrea" currani Etheridge; genus also includes "P." speciosa Chapman, "P." maculosa Hill, "P." linearis Hill and "P." oculoides Hill.
Cantabriastraea orourkeiSp. novValidMcLean & WrightA rugose coral.
Catenatus[23] Gen. et sp. novValidCarrera et al.Ordovician (Floian–Darriwilian)San Juan FormationA member of Octocorallia, possibly belonging to the group Alcyonacea. The type species is C. argentinus.
Cladochonus nagatoensis[24] Sp. novValidNikoEarly CarboniferousA tabulate coral.
Columnocoenia falkenbergensis[25] Sp. novValidBaron-SzaboEarly Cretaceous (Aptian)Schrattenkalk Formation
A stony coral.
Confusaforma primaSp. novValidLöser in Löser et al.Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)Sierra del Pozo FormationA coral belonging to the family Solenocoeniidae.
Cordilleria[26] Gen. et comb. novValidFedorowski, Bamber & RichardsCarboniferous (Mississippian)Lower Rundle Group
A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae. The type species is "Diphyphyllum" mutabile Kelly (1942); genus also includes "Lithostrotion" flexuosum Warren (1927), "Lithostrotion (Siphonodendron)" warreni Nelson (1960) and "Lithostrotion (Siphonodendron)" oculinum Sando (1963).
Coryphyllia bicuneiformisSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Coryphylliidae.
Coryphyllia capillariaSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)
A stony coral belonging to the family Coryphylliidae.
CrebriphyllumGen. et comb. et 3 sp. novValidMcLean & WrightDevonianA rugose coral. The type species is "Phillipsastrea" callosa Hill; genus also includes new species C. duni, C. jelli and C. struszi.
Cyathoclisia sukhensis[27] Sp. novValidOhar & DenayerCarboniferous (Viséan)A rugose coral belonging to the family Aulophyllidae.
Cystiphylloides calnanenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Cystiphylloides tetsaenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Cystiplasma curraenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Decimoconularia[28] Gen. et sp. novValidGuo et al.Cambrian Stage 2Yanjiahe FormationA hexangulaconulariid. Genus includes new species D. isofacialis.
Digonophyllum clarkenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Distichophyllia pauciseptataSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Reimaniphylliidae.
Ekvasophyllum variabilisSp. novIn pressChwiedukCarboniferous (Viséan)Flett FormationA rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Ekvasophyllidae.
Eopreverastrea[29] Gen. et sp. novValidLöser in Löser et al.Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)Sierra del Pozo FormationA coral belonging to the family Aulastraeoporidae. The type species is E. llanoensis.
Epismiliopsis paraeudesiSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Stylophyllidae.
Favia misakiensis[30] Sp. novValidNiko & SuzukiMioceneKatsuta GroupA species of Favia.
Floriastrea ibericaSp. novValidLöser in Löser et al.Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)Sierra del Pozo FormationA coral belonging to the family Actinastreidae.
Fungiaphyllia praecursorSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Deltocyathiidae.
Fungiaphyllia rotundaSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Deltocyathiidae.
Gyrosmilia maltensis[31] Sp. novValidSaint Martin et al.Oligocene (Chattian)Lower Coralline LimestoneA species of Gyrosmilia.
Julfamichelinia[32] Gen. et comb. novValidNiko & BadpaPermian (Wuchiapingian)Dzhulfa Formation


?		A tabulate coral belonging to the family Micheliniidae. The type species is "Michelinopora" allata Tchudinova in Ruzhentsev & Sarycheva (1965).
KluaphyllumGen. et sp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae. Genus includes new species K. sulcatum.
Lekanophyllum nordlingenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Lekanophyllum robbenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Loboplasma sutchersenseSp. novValidMcLean & Wright in McLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Margarosmilia dividendaSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Margarophylliidae.
Microplasma fromenseSp. novValidMcLean & Wright in McLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Microplasma hedingeriSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Microplasma nabeschenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Miophora naxxarensisSp. novValidSaint Martin et al.Oligocene (Chattian)Lower Coralline LimestoneA stony coral.
Monopachyphyllia[33] Gen. et sp. novValidKołodziej & MarianEarly Cretaceous (Aptian)A colonial coral belonging to the group Pachythecaliina, possibly belonging to the superfamily Heterocoenioidea and the family Carolastraeidae. Genus includes new species M. roniewiczae.
Nailiana[34] Gen. et sp. novValidOu & Shu in Ou et al.Cambrian Stage 3Heilinpu FormationAn early anthozoan. The type species is N. elegans.
Nardophyllum cavanenseSp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
Nerthastraea maltensisSp. novValidSaint Martin et al.Oligocene (Chattian)Lower Coralline LimestoneA stony coral.
OgmophylloidesGen. et sp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae. Genus includes new species O. taylori.
Palaeodiphasia[35] Gen et comb. novValidSong et al.Late CambrianFengshan FormationA member of Leptothecata belonging to the group Macrocolonia; a new genus for "Siberiograptus" simplex Lin (1985).
Paraconularia abagaensis[36] Sp. novIn pressMin et al.PermianA conulariid.
Paravolzeia calabrensisSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Protoheterastraeidae.
Phacelostylophyllum arbustulumSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Stylophyllidae.
Phillipsastrea chapmaniSp. novValidMcLean & WrightDevonian (Pragian)A rugose coral.
Phillipsastrea mcraeorumSp. novValidMcLean & WrightA rugose coral.
Phillipsastrea pedderiSp. novValidMcLean & WrightA rugose coral.
PodosmiliaGen. et sp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)
A stony coral belonging to the family Stylophyllidae. The type species is P. horologium.
PrismastreaGen. et sp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Thecosmiliidae. The type species is P. organum.
Proleptophyllia calixSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Dermosmiliidae.
Proleptophyllia magnaSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Dermosmiliidae.
Proleptophyllia subphaceloidaSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Dermosmiliidae.
Retiophyllia zizensisSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Reimaniphylliidae.
Siderohelia[37] Gen. et sp. novValidLöser in Löser et al.Cretaceous (Hauterivian to Santonian)A stony coral belonging to the family Rhizangiidae. The type species is S. aquilai.
SpongiocoeniaGen. et comb. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Sinemurian-Pliensbachian)A stony coral of uncertain affinities. The type species is "Coccophyllum" liasicum Turnšek & Geyer in Turnšek, Seyfried & Geyer (1975).
Stylophyllopsis bovistaSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Stylophyllidae.
Stylophyllopsis veracolumellaSp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Stylophyllidae.
Sutherlandia khachikensisSp. novValidNiko & BadpaPermian (Capitanian)Khachik FormationA tabulate coral belonging to the family Favositidae.
Trigerastraea sikharulidzeaeSp. novValidBaron-SzaboEarly Cretaceous (Albian)A stony coral belonging to the family Latomeandridae.
TropalicystisGen. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae.
TubulosmiliaGen. et sp. novValidVasseur & LathuilièreEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A stony coral belonging to the family Stylophyllidae. The type species is T. regularis.
VariocystisGen. et sp. novValidMcLeanDevonianA rugose coral belonging to family Cystiphyllidae. Genus includes new species V. caribouensis.

Research

Arthropods

See main article: 2021 in arthropod paleontology and 2021 in paleoentomology.

Bryozoans

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityLocationNotesImages
Acoscinopleura beniamovski[43] Sp. novValidKoromyslova, Taylor & PakhnevichLate Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)A cheilostome bryozoan.
Antropora guajirensis[44] Sp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA species of Antropora.
AtoichosGen. et sp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Onychocellidae. The type species is A. magnus.
Calpensia caribensisSp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Microporidae.
Conopeum flumineum[45] Sp. novValidTaylor & RogersLate Cretaceous (Campanian)Judith River Formation
A species of Conopeum.
Cribrilaria multicostataSp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Cribrilinidae.
Cribrilaria nixorSp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Cribrilinidae.
Cycloavicularia[46] Gen. et sp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Teuchoporidae. The type species C. parva.
Ditaxiporina colombianaSp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Catenicellidae.
Escharifora? invisibiliaSp. novValidKoromyslova, Taylor & PakhnevichLate Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)A cheilostome bryozoan.
Figularia bragaiSp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná Formation
Figularia elcanoi[47] Sp. novValidLópez-Gappa et al.Early MioceneA member of Cheilostomatida.
GymnophorellaGen. et sp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Steginoporellidae. The type species is G. hadra.
Jolietina victoriaSp. novValidLópez-Gappa et al.Early MioceneA member of Cheilostomatida.
Parafigularia pigafettaiSp. novValidLópez-Gappa et al.Early MioceneA member of Cheilostomatida.
Poricella paulaeSp. novValidFlórez, Di Martino & RamalhoEarly MioceneSiamaná FormationA member of the family Arachnopusiidae.

Research

Brachiopods

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityLocationNotesImages
?Becscia pentagona[50] Sp. novValidBaarliSolvik Formation
Bellistrophia askarensis[51] Sp. novValidPopov & Nikitina in Popov et al.Cambrian (Wuliuan)Athei FormationA kutorginide brachiopod.
Carinagypa robecki[52] Sp. novValidBlodgett et al.Devonian (Emsian)
A member of Pentamerida belonging to the family Gypidulidae.
Crinisarina pseudoglobularis[53] Sp. novValidSerobyan et al.Devonian (Famennian)An athyride brachiopod.
EisaellaGen. et sp. novValidBaarliSolvik FormationGenus includes new species E. uniplicata.
Eoconulus tucunucoensis[54] Sp. novValidLavié, Mestre & CarreraOrdovicianSan Juan FormationAn acrotretid brachiopod.
Ferronirhynchia[55] Gen. et sp. novValidGarcía-AlcaldeDevonian (Emsian)Moniello FormationA member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Trigonirhynchiidae. The type species is F. pulgari.
Kermanirhyncha[56] Gen. et sp. novValidPopov et al.Silurian (Aeronian)Shabdjereh FormationA rhynchonellide brachiopod. Genus includes new species K. granulata.
LevanispiriferGen. et sp. novValidPopov et al.Silurian (Aeronian)Shabdjereh FormationA spiriferide brachiopod. Genus includes new species L. alatus.
Longtancunella xiazhuangensis[57] Sp. novIn pressWang et al.Cambrian Stage 3Hongjingshao Formation
LuthieriaGen. et sp. novValidLavié, Mestre & CarreraOrdovicianSan Juan FormationAn obolid brachiopod. Genus includes new species L. diminuta.
Mictospirifer obtususSp. novValidPopov et al.Silurian (Aeronian)Shabdjereh FormationA spiriferide brachiopod.
Orbiculoidea verum[58] Sp. novValidMasunaga & ShiinoMiddle PermianHoso-o Formation
Paterula (?) vasilievae[59] Sp. novValidSmirnova & ZhegalloDevonian (Frasnian)A member of Linguloidea belonging to the family Paterulidae.
Psiloria karasuensisSp. novValidPopov & Nikitina in Popov et al.Cambrian (Wuliuan)Athei FormationA protorthide brachiopod.
Schellwienella clarkei[60] Sp. novValidRezende & IsaacsonDevonianPonta Grossa FormationA member of Orthotetida.
Sepkoskirhynchia[61] Gen. et sp. novIn pressRadulovićEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A rhynchonellide brachiopod belonging to the family Basiliolidae. Genus includes new species S. sphaerica.
Shelvothyris bivittataSp. novValidBaarliSolvik Formation
Thulatrypa huangiSp. novValidBaarliSolvik Formation
Thulatrypa vikenensisSp. novValidBaarliSolvik Formation
Xanastur[62] Nom. novValidGarcía-AlcaldeEarly DevonianA terebratulid brachiopod; a replacement name for Xana García-Alcalde (1972).
Xinjiangiproductus? junggarensis[63] Sp. novIn pressGuo, Chen & LiaoEarly CarboniferousHongshanzui Formation

Research

Molluscs

See main article: 2021 in paleomalacology.

Echinoderms

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages
Amphoracrinus tenax[68] Sp. novValidAusich et al.Carboniferous (Viséan)Borden Formation
A monobathrid camerate belonging to the family Amphoracrinidae.
Archiacia ramitaensis[69] Sp. novValidNéraudeau & MoutyLate Cretaceous (Cenomanian)A sea urchin belonging to the family Archiaciidae.
Barbaraster[70] Gen. et 2 sp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurida. The type species is B. colbachi; genus also includes B. muenzbergerae.
Boxaster[71] Gen. et sp. novIn pressLoba & RadwańskaLate Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)A starfish belonging to the group Paxillosida, possibly a member of the family Astropectinidae. The type species is B. wapienensis.
Bulbosphaeraster[72] Gen. et sp. novValidGaleMiddle Jurassic (Bathonian)A starfish belonging to the family Sphaerasteridae. The type species is B. valettei.
Calvaticrinus[73] Gen. et comb. novIn pressGale & MatrionEarly Cretaceous (Albian)
A microcrinoid belonging to the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is "Plotocrinus" monocarinatus Destombes (1984); genus also includes C. subplanatus (Destombes, 1984) and "Discocrinus integer Hess (2010).
Cantabrigiaster[74] Gen. et sp. novDisputedHunter & Ortega-HernándezEarly OrdovicianFezouata FormationA somasteroid asterozoan. The type species is C. fezouataensis. Blake & Hotchkiss (2022) considered Cantabrigiaster to be a junior synonym of the chinianasterid genus Villebrunaster, though the authors maintained C. fezouataensis as a distinct species within the latter genus.[75]
Cherbonniericrinus requiensisSp. novValidRoux, Martinez & VizcaïnoEocene (Ypresian)A crinoid belonging to the family Rhizocrinidae.
Chomataster breizh[76] Sp. novValidJagt et al.Late Cretaceous (Campanian)Spiennes Chalk FormationA starfish belonging to the family Goniasteridae.
Chrispaulia spinosa[77] Sp. novValidGale & WesenerEarly Cretaceous (Hauterivian)Tealby Clay
A starfish belonging to the family Goniopectinidae.
Chrispaulia wrightorumSp. novValidGale & WesenerEarly Cretaceous (Albian)Hunstanton FormationA starfish belonging to the family Goniopectinidae.
Costatocrinus fragilisSp. novIn pressGaleLate Cretaceous (Campanian)A crinoid.
Dermacantha reolidiSp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the family Ophionereididae.
Douglasicrinus[78] Gen. et sp. novIn pressGaleLate Cretaceous (Campanian)A crinoid. Genus includes new species D. alumensis.
EchinosphaerasterGen. et comb. novValidGaleLate Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
A starfish belonging to the family Sphaerasteridae. The type species is "Asterias" scutatus Goldfuss (1833).
EosphaerasterGen. et sp. novValidGaleEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian)A starfish belonging to the family Sphaerasteridae. The type species is E. amellagensis.
Gastecrinus[79] Gen. et sp. novValidRoux & PhilippeEarly MioceneA stalked crinoid of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Genus includes new species G. vinealis.
Gennaeocrinus tariatensisSp. novValidWaters & AusichDevonian (Emsian)Tariat FormationA monobathrid crinoid.
Globator aegyptiaca[80] Sp. novIn pressEl QotEarly Cretaceous (Albian)A sea urchin.
Globulocrinus[81] Gen. et sp. novValidRoux, Martinez & VizcaïnoEocene (Ypresian)A crinoid belonging to the family Rhizocrinidae. Genus includes new species G. amphoraformis.
Halocrinites heinorum[82] Sp. novValidBohatý & AusichDevonian (Eifelian–Givetian)A crinoid belonging to the group Eucladida.
Hessicrinus vectensisSp. novIn pressGaleLate Cretaceous (Campanian)A crinoid.
Holopus plaziatiSp. novValidRoux, Martinez & VizcaïnoEocene (Ypresian)A crinoid belonging to the family Holopodidae.
Hrabalicrinus[83] Gen. et sp. novValidSalamon & PłachnoLate Jurassic (Oxfordian)A comatulid crinoid. Genus includes new species H. zitti.
Ikerus[84] Gen. et sp. novValidJell & SprinkleCambrianThorntonia LimestoneAn edrioblastoid. Genus includes new species I. edgari
Imagdacrinus[85] Gen. et sp. et comb. novValidRozhnovSilurianA myelodactylid disparid crinoid. Genus includes new species I. minutus, as well as "Myelodactylus" flexibilis Stukalina (1982) and "Myelodactylus" rimatus Stukalina (2000).
Inexpectacantha ullmanniSp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the group Euryophiurida.
Jurapecten dhondtaeSp. novValidGale & WesenerLate Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)Maastricht FormationA starfish belonging to the family Benthopectinidae.
Jurapecten infrajurensisSp. novValidGale & WesenerJurassic (Toarcian–Aalenian)
A starfish belonging to the family Benthopectinidae.
Kholokholnyacrinus[86] Gen. et sp. novValidMirantsevCarboniferous (Pennsylvanian)Smedva Formation
A cladid crinoid. Genus includes new species K. ilkhovskyi.
Kunmingeocrinus[87] Gen. et sp. novIn pressZhao et al.Cambrian Stage 4A gogiid eocrinoid. Genus includes new species K. cupuliformis.
Lapidaster hougardaeSp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the group Ophioscolecida and the family Ophioscolecidae.
Mooreocrinus liaoi[88] Sp. novIn pressMao & Li in Mao et al.Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)Outangdi FormationA cladid crinoid.
Nafarroina[89] Gen. et sp. novValidForner i Valls, Arbilla Karasatorre & Moreno AlcaldeLate Cretaceous (Coniacian)A sea urchin belonging to the group Holasteroida and the family Stegasteridae. The type species is N. singularis.
Nymphaster mudzborghSp. novValidJagt et al.Late Cretaceous (Campanian)A starfish belonging to the family Goniasteridae, a species of Nymphaster.
Ophioduplantiera[90] Gen. et sp. novValidThuy, Numberger-Thuy & Pineda-EnríquezEarly Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)Adnet FormationA brittle star belonging to the family Ophiuridae. The type species is O. noctiluca.
OphiogojiraGen. et 3 sp. novValidThuy, Numberger-Thuy & Pineda-EnríquezEarly Jurassic (Pliensbachian to Toarcian)Aubange Formation
A brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurina. The type species is O. labadiei Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Pineda-Enríquez; genus also includes new species O. andreui Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Pineda-Enríquez and O. aliorbis Thuy & Numberger-Thuy.
Ophiomisidium pratchettaeSp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurida and the family Astrophiuridae.
Ophiomusa pereziSp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurida and the family Ophiomusaidae.
Ophiosuperstes[91] Gen. et sp. novValidThuy, Maxwell & PrussEarly TriassicMoenkopi Formation
A brittle star belonging to the group Ophintegrida. The type species is O. praeparvus.
OphiotardisGen. et sp. et comb. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Sinemurian-Toarcian) ??A brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurida and the family Ophiopyrgidae. The type species is O. tennanti; genus also includes "Ophiura" astonensis Hess (1964).
Palaeocoma korteiSp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurida and the family Ophiopyrgidae.
PapacrinusGen. et sp. novValidRoux & PhilippeEarly MioceneA stalked crinoid belonging to the family Balanocrininae. Genus includes new species P. avignonensis.
Paraconocrinus rhodanicusSp. novValidRoux & PhilippeEarly MioceneA stalked crinoid belonging to the family Rhizocrinidae.
Perikefalea[92] Gen. et 2 sp. novValidLefebvre & AusichSilurian?-DevonianSanta Rosa Formation
?		A mitrate. Genus includes new species P. racheboeufi and possibly P? cybeleae
PouzasterGen. et sp. novValidGaleJurassic (Toarcian to Bathonian)A starfish belonging to the family Sphaerasteridae. The type species is P. pocknotata.
Pseudobystrowicrinus[93] Gen. et sp. novValidDonovan, Deckers & JagtDevonianA crinoid columnal. The type species is P. fionae.
Pseudoconocrinus lavadensisSp. novValidRoux, Martinez & VizcaïnoEocene (Ypresian)A crinoid belonging to the family Rhizocrinidae.
Pseudodiplocidaris[94] Gen. et comb. novValidHostettler et al.Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)St-Ursanne FormationA sea urchin belonging to the group Cidaroida and the family Diplocidaridae. The type species is "Diplocidaris" bernasconii Bischof, Hostettler & Menkveld-Gfeller (2018).
PunkasterGen. et 2 sp. novValidGale & WesenerLate CretaceousTor Formation



A starfish belonging to the family Benthopectinidae. The type species is P. spinifera; genus also includes P. ruegenensis.
RugosphaerasterGen. et sp. novValidGaleLate Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian)
A starfish belonging to the family Sphaerasteridae. The type species is R. ruegenensis.
Sagittacrinus rotundacutusSp. novIn pressGaleLate Cretaceous (Campanian)A crinoid.
Scolechinus sossanensis[95] Sp. novValidBorghi, Bottazzi & CaporiondoEocene (Priabonian)A sea urchin belongint to the family Trigonocidaridae.
Sidericrinus (col.) plymouthensis[96] Sp. novValidDonovan & FearnheadEarly DevonianA crinoid.
SinaiosaleniaGen. et sp. novIn pressEl QotLate Cretaceous (Cenomanian)A sea urchin. Genus includes new species S. rhombohedralis.
Sinosura dieschbourgaeSp. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Posidonia ShaleA brittle star belonging to the group Ophioscolecida and the family Ophioleucidae.
ThanatasterGen. et sp. et comb. novValidThuy & Numberger-ThuyEarly Jurassic (Sinemurian to Toarcian) A brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurida. The type species is T. desdemonia; genus also includes "Ophiomusium" sinemurensis Kutscher & Hary (1991).
ThorntonitesGen. et sp. novValidJell & SprinkleCambrianThorntonia LimestoneA stalked eocrinoid. Genus includes new species T. dowlingi
Tiburtocrinus[97] Gen. et sp. novValidManni & Di NardoEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)Corniola FormationA crinoid belonging to the group Isocrinida and the family Paracomatulidae. The type species is T. toarcensis.
Trecrinus[98] Gen. et sp. novValidSemenov et al.Ordovician (Darriwilian)A hybocrinid crinoid. Genus includes new species T. schmidti.
Valettaster planusSp. novIn pressLoba & RadwańskaLate Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)A starfish belonging to the family Sphaerasteridae.
Valettaster thuyiSp. novValidGaleEarly Jurassic (Toarcian)A starfish belonging to the family Sphaerasteridae.
ValimocrinusGen. et sp. novValidRozhnovOrdovician
A crinoid, possibly a myelodactylid disparid. Genus includes new species V. terentyevi
Zoroaster marambioensis[99] Sp. novValidPalópolo et al.EoceneLa Meseta FormationAntarcticaA starfish belonging to the family Zoroasteridae.
ZuravlicrinusGen. et sp. novValidRozhnovSilurianA crinoid, possibly a myelodactylid disparid. Genus includes new species Z. milicinae

Research

Conodonts

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages
Ancyrogondolella? bohorensis[106] Sp. novValidKarádi et al.Late Triassic (Norian)A member of the family Gondolellidae.
Ancyrogondolella goldingiSp. novValidKarádi et al.Late Triassic (Norian)A member of the family Gondolellidae.
Apsidognathus yanbianensis[107] Sp. novValidYan & WuSilurian
Borinella? curvata[108] Sp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Carbogondolella[109] Gen. novValidGolding & OrchardCarboniferous (Pennsylvanian)A member of family Gondolellidae.
Caudicriodus anitae[110] Sp. novValidBarrick, Sundgren & McAdamsDevonian (Lochkovian)
Caudicriodus murphyiSp. novValidBarrick, Sundgren & McAdamsDevonian (Lochkovian)
Columbitella brevisSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Columbitella talpa[111] Sp. novIn pressGoldingEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Columbitella weitschatiSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Declinognathodus benedictusSp. novValidGolding & OrchardCarboniferous
Dollymae peregrina[112] Sp. novIn pressŚwiśDevonian (Famennian)
Drepanoistodus iommii[113] Sp. novValidRasmussen, Eriksson & LindskogMiddle OrdovicianLynna Formation
A member of Protopanderodontida belonging to the family Drepanoistodontidae.
Drepanoistodus svendiSp. novValidRasmussen, Eriksson & LindskogMiddle OrdovicianVolkhov FormationA member of Protopanderodontida belonging to the family Drepanoistodontidae.
Drepanoistodus viiraeSp. novValidRasmussen, Eriksson & LindskogMiddle OrdovicianSillaoru Formation
A member of Protopanderodontida belonging to the family Drepanoistodontidae.
Epigondolella buseriSp. novValidKarádi et al.Late Triassic (Norian)A member of the family Gondolellidae.
Epigondolella kozjanskoensisSp. novValidKarádi et al.Late Triassic (Norian)A member of the family Gondolellidae.
Epigondolella ritaeSp. novValidKarádi et al.Late Triassic (Norian)
A member of the family Gondolellidae.
Epigondolella senovoensisSp. novValidKarádi et al.Late Triassic (Norian)A member of the family Gondolellidae.
Epigondolella slovenicaSp. novValidKarádi et al.Late Triassic (Norian)A member of the family Gondolellidae.
Guangxidella minuta[114] Sp. novValidMaekawa & JenksEarly Triassic (Olenekian)Thaynes Group
Idiognathodus coffeyvillensis[115] Sp. novValidRosscoe & BarrickCarboniferous (Kasimovian)Atrasado Formation
(
)
Idiognathodus grubbsiSp. novValidGolding & Orchard
Idiognathodus kinneyensisSp. novValidRosscoe & BarrickCarboniferous (Kasimovian)Atrasado Formation
Magnigondolella acuminataSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Magnigondolella incurvaSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Magnigondolella? minutaSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Magnigondolella mutataSp. novIn pressOrchard & Goudemand in OrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Magnigondolella peribolaSp. novIn pressOrchard & Golding in OrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Magnigondolella tozeriSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Magnigondolella trutchensisSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Mesogondolella qiangtangensis[116] Sp. novIn pressYuan et al.Permian (Kungurian)Lugu Formation
Mosherella longnanensis[117] Sp. novValidLi & Lai in Li et al.Late Triassic (Carnian)Dengdengqiao Formation
Neognathodus brulensisSp. novValidGolding & OrchardCarboniferous
Neogondolella bucheriSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Neogondolella darwinensisSp. novIn pressOrchard & Goudemand in OrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Neogondolella gradinarui[118] Sp. novValidGolding & Orchard in GoldingMiddle Triassic (Anisian)
Neogondolella praeacutaSp. novIn pressOrchard & Goudemand in OrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Neogondolella sinuosaSp. novIn pressOrchard & Goudemand in OrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Neogondolella spathiconstrictaSp. novIn pressOrchardEarly Triassic (Olenekian)
Norigondolella imperfectaSp. novValidGolding & Orchard
Ozarkodina huenickeni[119] Sp. novIn pressGómez et al.Silurian (Ludfordian) to Devonian (Lochkovian)Los Espejos Formation
Paragondolella ebruae[120] Sp. novValidKılıçMiddle Triassic (Anisian)
Paragondolella hirschiiSp. novValidKılıç & Budurov in KılıçMiddle Triassic (Anisian)
Paragondolella nyoromoSp. novValidGolding & Orchard
Paragondolella praecornutaSp. novValidKılıç et al. in KılıçMiddle Triassic (Anisian)
Parvigondolella ciarapicae[121] Sp. novValidRigo & Du in Du et al.Late Triassic (Norian and Rhaetian)Gabbs Formation
San Hipolito Formation
Scillato Formation



Pelekysgnathus soarae[122] Sp. novValidOver et al.Devonian–Carboniferous transitionDyer Formation
Praeicriodus simpsoniSp. novValidBarrick, Sundgren & McAdamsSilurian (Ludlow–Pridoli)
Pseudosweetognathus accensusSp. novValidGolding & OrchardPermian
Tasmanognathus coronatus[123] Sp. novValidYang et al.Ordovician (Katian)

Research

Fish

See main article: 2021 in paleoichthyology.

Amphibians

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityLocationNotesImages
Bermanerpeton[129] Gen. et sp. novValidWerneburg, Schneider & LucasCarboniferous (Kasimovian)Atrasado Formation
A dvinosauroid temnospondyl. The type species is B. kinneyi.
Euronecturus[130] Gen. et sp. novValidMacaluso, Villa & MörsMioceneVille FormationA proteid salamander. The type species is E. grogu.
Joermungandr[131] Gen. et sp. novValidMann, Calthorpe & MaddinCarboniferous (Moscovian)Mazon Creek fossil beds
A member of Recumbirostra. The type species is J. bolti.
Laosuchus hun[132] Sp. novValidLiu & ChenLate PermianNaobaogouA chroniosuchian.
Leiopelma bishopi[133] Sp. novValidEaston, Tennyson & RawlenceLate Pliocene (Waipipian–Mangapanian)Kowai FormationA species of Leiopelma.
Neimengtriton[134] Gen. et comb. novJia, Anderson & GaoMiddle Jurassic (Bathonian)Haifanggou FormationA stem-hynobiid salamander; a new genus for "Liaoxitriton" daohugouensis.
Palaeobatrachus codreavladi[135] Sp. novValidRoček, Rage & VenczelMiocene[136]
Palaeobatrachus minutusSp. novValidRoček, Rage & Venczel
Primaevorana[137] Gen. et sp. novValidMoura et al.Early Cretaceous (Aptian)Crato FormationA frog belonging to the suborder Neobatrachia. The type species is P. cratensis
Rocekophryne[138] Gen. et sp. novValidRage et al.EoceneA frog belonging to the group Ranoidea. The type species is R. ornata.
Sclerocephalus concordiae[139] Sp. novValidSchoch & Sobral
Thoosuchus abbasovi[140] Sp. novValidNovikovEarly Triassic

Research

Reptiles

See main article: 2021 in reptile paleontology and 2021 in archosaur paleontology.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian synapsids

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages
Acratophorus[177] Gen. et comb. novValidKammerer & OrdoñezMiddle Triassic (Anisian)?Río Seco de la QuebradaA kannemeyeriid dicynodont, the type species is "Kannemeyeria" argentinensis.
Borealestes cuillinensis[178] Sp. novValidPanciroli et al.Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)Kilmaluag FormationA docodont.
DobunnodonGen. et comb. novValidPanciroli et al.Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)Forest Marble FormationA docodont; a new genus for "Borealestes" mussettae Sigogneau−Russell (2003).
Fossiomanus[179] Gen. et sp. novValidMao et al.Early Cretaceous (Aptian)Jiufotang FormationA cynodont belonging to the family Tritylodontidae. Genus includes new species F. sinensis.
Impidens[180] Gen. et sp. novValidTolchard et al.Middle TriassicCynognathus Assemblage Zone
Antarctica
A gomphodont cynodont. Genus includes new species I. hancoxi.
Isengops[181] Gen. et sp. novSidor, Tabor & SmithLate PermianMadumabisa MudstoneA burnetiamorph biarmosuchian. Genus includes new species I. luangwensis.
Kannemeyeria aganosteusSp. novValidKammerer & Ordoñez Middle Triassic (Anisian)?Quebrada de los FósilesA species of Kannemeyeria.
Mobaceras[182] Gen. et sp. novValidKammerer & SidorMiddle PermianMadumabisa MudstoneA burnetiid therapsid. The type species is M. zambeziense.
Shashajaia[183] Gen. et sp. novHuttenlocker et al.Carboniferous (Gzhelian)Halgaito Formation
An early member of Sphenacodontia. The type species is S. bermani.
Turfanodon jiufengensis[184] Sp. novValidLiuLate PermianNaobaogou FormationA dicynodontoid dicynodont.

Research

Mammals

See main article: 2021 in paleomammalogy.

Other animals

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages
Aculeiconchus[216] Gen. et sp. novValidZatoń et al.Devonian (Givetian)Maywood Formation
A microconchid. Genus includes new species A. sandbergi.
Anabarites dalirense[217] Sp. novValidDevaere et al.Early CambrianSoltanieh FormationAn anabaritid.
Andalucilites[218] Gen. et sp. novValidGutiérrez-Marco, Marek & MalinkyOrdovician (Darriwilian)A member of Hyolitha. Genus includes new species A. parvulus.
Anulitubus[219] Gen. et sp. novValidMoczydłowska in Moczydłowska et al.EdiacaranStáhpogieddi FormationA member of Eumetazoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is A. formosus.
Arienigraptus balticus[220] Sp. novValidMaletz & AhlbergOrdovician (Darriwilian)A graptolite.
Arienigraptus delicatusSp. novValidMaletz & AhlbergOrdovician (Darriwilian)A graptolite.
Arienigraptus robustusSp. novValidMaletz & AhlbergOrdovician (Dapingian)A graptolite.
Arrakiscolex[221] Gen. et sp. novValidLeibach et al.Cambrian (Drumian)Marjum Formation
A palaeoscolecid. Genus includes new species A. aasei.
Aulozoon[222] Gen. et sp. novIn pressGehling & RunnegarEdiacaranAn annelid. The type species is A. soliorum.
Blastochaetetes reitneri[223] Sp. novIn pressSánchez-Beristain & García-Barrera in Sánchez-Beristain, García-Barrera & Juárez-AguilarLate CretaceousTamasopo FormationA chaetetid demosponge.
Cardiograptus altaicus[224] Sp. novValidLykova & SennikovOrdovician (Dapingian)A graptolite belonging to the family Isograptidae.
Choiaella hexactinophora[225] Sp. novValidBottingOrdovician (Darriwilian)Gilwern Volcanic FormationA sponge.
ConiculusGen. et sp. novValidMoczydłowska in Moczydłowska et al.EdiacaranStáhpogieddi FormationA member of Eumetazoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is C. elegantis.
Cornulites spinosus[226] Sp. novValidVinn & EyzengaLate OrdovicianA cornulitid tubeworm.
Ctenorhabdotus campanelliformis[227] Sp. novValidParry et al.Cambrian (probably Drumian)Probably Marjum Formation
A member of Ctenophora.
Daihuoides[228] Gen. et sp. novValidKlug et al.Devonian (Frasnian)Escuminac Formation
A stem-ctenophore. The type species is D. jakobvintheri.
Dailyatia icari[229] Sp. novValidClaybourn et al.Cambrian Series 2AntarcticaA camenellan tommotiid.
Ekstroemograptus[230] Gen. et sp. novValidMaletz & AhlbergOrdovician (Darriwilian)A graptolite. Genus includes new species E. inexpectatus.
Finkoella[231] Gen. et 2 sp. novValidMartyshyn in Martyshyn & UchmanEdiacaranMogilev FormationA possible tunicate described on the basis of sack-like body fossils. The type species is F. ukrainica; genus also includes F. oblonga.
Hoffmanigraptus[232] Gen. et sp. et comb. novValidKozłowskaSilurian
A graptolite. The type species is H. varsoviensis; genus also includes "Plectograptus" ovatus Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, Lenz & Štorch (2001) and "Plectograptus" karlsteinensis Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, Lenz & Štorch (2001).
Labechia zhuzhainus[233] Sp. novValidJeon in Jeon et al.Ordovician (Katian)Xiazhen FormationA stromatoporoid.
Labechiella beluatusSp. novValidJeon in Jeon et al.Ordovician (Katian)Xiazhen FormationA stromatoporoid.
Leolites malinkyiSp. novValidMarek & Gutiérrez-Marco in Gutiérrez-Marco, Marek & MalinkyOrdovician (Darriwilian)A member of Hyolitha.
Lepidocoleus caliburnus[234] Sp. novValidJacquet et al.Devonian (Pragian)Garra FormationA lepidocoleid annelid.
Lepidocoleus shurikenusSp. novValidJacquet et al.Devonian (Pragian)Garra FormationA lepidocoleid annelid.
Neuropora gigantea[235] Sp. novValidPleș & Schlagintweit in Pleș et al.Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)Giuvala FormationA sponge.
Novakotheca weifangensis[236] Sp. novValidSun, Sun & ZhaoCambrian (Wuliuan)Mantou FormationA member of Hyolitha belonging to the group Hyolithida.
Oncograptus hastatusSp. novValidLykova & SennikovOrdovician (Dapingian)A graptolite belonging to the family Isograptidae.
Palaeocorvospongilla[237] Gen. et sp. novIn pressSamant et al.Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)Deccan Intertrappean BedsA sponge belonging to the family Palaeospongillidae. Genus includes new species P. cretacea.
Palaeoparasitylenchus balticus[238] Sp. novValidPoinar & BrownEoceneBaltic amberEurope (Baltic Sea region)A nematode belonging to the family Parasitylenchidae.
Palaeosaccus minus[239] Sp. novValidLuo et al.CambrianShuijingtuo FormationA sponge.
Palaeoscoloplos[240] Gen. et sp. novValidKnaustMiddle TriassicMuschelkalkAn annelid, possibly a member of the family Orbiniidae. Genus includes new species P. triassicus.
Papiliograptus retimarginatus[241] Sp. novValidKozłowska & BatesSilurian (Homerian)
A graptolite belonging to the family Retiolitidae.
Paraclimacograptus crameri[242] Sp. novValidLoydell & AbouelreshSilurian (Aeronian)Qusaiba Shale FormationA graptolite.
Paradoryphoribius[243] Gen et sp. novMapalo et al.MioceneDominican amberA tardigrade. The type species is P. chronocaribbeus.
Paramackenzia[244] Gen. et sp. novValidZhao et al.Early CambrianA member of the family Mackenziidae (organisms of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly stem eumetazoans). Genus includes new species P. canalifera.
Paratetilla milanek[245] Sp. novValidŁukowiak in Łukowiak et al.Middle EoceneA sponge belonging to the family Tetillidae.
Pauxillites desolatusSp. novValidGutiérrez-Marco, Marek & MalinkyOrdovician (Darriwilian)A member of Hyolitha.
PharyngomorphaGen. et sp. novValidMartyshyn & UchmanEdiacaranMogilev FormationPossibly a fragment of the pharyngeal basket of a tunicate. The type species is P. reticulata.
Pseudopelagiella[246] Gen. et comb. novValidLanding et al.CambrianKinzers Formation
A polychaete, likely a member of Sabellida; a new genus for "Pelagiella" exigua Resser & Howell.
RobardetlitesGen. et sp. novValidGutiérrez-Marco, Marek & MalinkyOrdovician (Darriwilian)A member of Hyolitha. Genus includes new species R. sevillanus.
Rugosusivitta[247] Gen. et sp. novValidTang et al.Early CambrianYuhucun FormationA ribbon-shaped, bilaterally symmetrical organism, probably a flatworm of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is R. orthogonia.
Saetaspongia jianhensis[248] Sp. novValidLing et al.Cambrian Stage 4Balang FormationA sponge of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly with protomonaxonid affinities.
Selkirkia transita[249] Sp. novWang et al.Cambrian Stage 3Yu'anshan FormationA member of Priapulida belonging to the family Selkirkiidae.
Silicofistula[250] Gen. et sp. novValidMoczydłowska in Moczydłowska et al.EdiacaranStáhpogieddi FormationA member of Eumetazoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is S. crenulata.
SinabeatriceaGen. et sp. novValidJeon in Jeon et al.Ordovician (Katian)Xiazhen FormationA stromatoporoid. Genus includes new species S. luteolus.
Stenothecoides rasettii[251] Sp. novValidJohnston & StrengCambrianBurgess Shale
A member of Stenothecoida (a group of animals of uncertain affinities, possibly pan-brachiopods).
Stenothecoides terraglaciei[252] Sp. novValidPeelCambrian (Wuliuan)Henson Gletscher FormationA member of Stenothecoida.
ThalassostaphylosGen. et sp. novValidParry et al.Cambrian (Drumian)Marjum Formation
A member of Ctenophora. The type species is T. elegans.
Theonella alexandriaeSp. novValidŁukowiak in Łukowiak et al.Late EoceneA sponge belonging to the family Theonellidae.
Triticispongia gigantaSp. novValidLuo et al.CambrianShuijingtuo FormationA sponge.
Turriserpula[253] Gen. et sp. novIn pressDieni & MassariEarly Cretaceous (Berriasian)A microserpulid. Genus includes new species T. coralliophila.
Vauxia paraleioia[254] Sp. novIn pressWei et al.Cambrian Stage 3A vauxiid sponge.
Vauxia pregracilentaSp. novIn pressWei et al.Cambrian Stage 3A vauxiid sponge.
Xinliscolex[255] Gen. et sp. novIn pressZhangCambrian (Fortunian)An early cycloneuralian. Genus includes new species X. intermedius.

Research

Other organisms

New taxa

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityLocationNotesImages
Amsassia terranovensis[274] Sp. novIn pressLee, Elias & PrattOrdovician (Tremadocian)Watts Bight Formation
A calcareous alga, possibly representing an extinct group of green algae.
Bicellum[275] [276] Gen. et sp. novStrother & Wellman in Strother et al.TorridonianDiabaig FormationAn organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly an early member of Holozoa. Genus includes new species B. brasieri. Appears to have differentiated multicellularity.
Dictyosphaera smaugi[277] Sp. novValidLoron et al.MesoproterozoicDismal Lakes GroupAn organic-walled microfossil.
Gigarimaneta[278] Gen. et sp. novValidTaylor et al.EdiacaranMistaken Point Formation
An organism growing on the seafloor in a manner similar to Fractofusus and Beothukis. Genus includes new species G. samsoni.
Ladariella[279] Gen. et sp. novDiniz & Leme in Diniz, Leme & BoggianiEdiacaranTamengo FormationA macroalga of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly related to the family Eoholyniaceae. Genus includes new species L. hidria.
LadariophytonGen. et sp. novDiniz & Leme in Diniz, Leme & BoggianiEdiacaranTamengo FormationA macroalga of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly related to the family Eoholyniaceae. Genus includes new species L. veinosa.
Lagoenaforma[280] Gen. et sp. novIn pressAgić et al.Late EdiacaranStáhpogieddi Formation


A flask-shaped microfossil. Genus includes new species L. collaris.
Lanceaphyton[281] Gen. et sp. novIn pressWang et al.EdiacaranA high-level eukaryotic macroalga. Genus includes new species L. xiaojiangensis.
Ostiosphaera[282] Gen. et sp. novIn pressYin et al.EdiacaranDoushantuo FormationAn embryo-like fossil of a eukaryote of uncertain affinities, possibly a holozoan. The type species is O. rara.
Palaeohypothrix[283] Gen. et sp. novDa Silva Paiva & de Souza CarvalhoEarly Cretaceous (Berriasian–Barremian)Maracangalha FormationA spirotrich. Genus includes new species P. bahiensis.
Quadrimurus[284] Gen. et sp. novValidMiao, Moczydłowska & ZhuEarly MesoproterozoicXiamaling FormationAn organic-walled microfossil. Genus includes new species Q. clavatus.
Rhyniotaxillus minutulus[285] Sp. novValidKringsEarly DevonianWindyfield chertA colonial cyanobacterium.
Rhystigonema[286] Gen. et sp. novIn pressKringsEarly DevonianRhynie chertA filamentous cyanobacterium belonging to the family Stigonemataceae. Genus includes new species R. obscurum.
TamengophytonGen. et sp. novDiniz & Leme in Diniz, Leme & BoggianiEdiacaranTamengo FormationA macroalga of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly related to the family Eoholyniaceae. Genus includes new species T. espinosa.
Vikisphaera[287] Gen. et sp. novValidHints, Nõlvak & LiangOrdovician (Darriwilian)Loobu Formation


An organic-walled microfossil of uncertain affinities, possibly representing egg capsules of marine animals. Genus includes new species V. kundana.

Research

History of life in general

Other research

Paleoclimate

Notes and References

  1. Poinar . G. . Maltier . Y.-M. . Allocordyceps baltica gen. et sp. nov. (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae), an ancient fungal parasite of an ant in Baltic amber . 2021 . Fungal Biology . 125 . 11 . 886–890 . 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.06.002 . 34649675 . 2021FunB..125..886P . 236252728 .
  2. Le Renard . L. . Stockey . R. A. . Upchurch . G. R. . Berbee . M. L. . 2021 . Extending the fossil record for foliicolous Dothideomycetes: Bleximothyrium ostiolatum gen. et sp. nov., a unique fly-speck fungus from the Lower Cretaceous of Virginia, USA . American Journal of Botany . 108 . 1 . 129–144 . 10.1002/ajb2.1602 . 33528044 . 231752324 . free .
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