2021 Alberta referendum explained

Equalization payments referendum
Country:Alberta
Should Section 36(2) of the Constitution Act, 1982 — Parliament and the Government of Canada’s commitment to the principle of making equalization payments — be removed from the Constitution?
Yes:642,501
No:399,169
Total:1,092,639
Invalid:50,969
Electorate:2,822,303
Daylight saving time referendum
Do you want Alberta to adopt year-round Daylight Saving Time, which is summer hours, eliminating the need to change our clocks twice a year?
Yes:531,782
No:536,874
Total:1,092,960
Invalid:24,304
Electorate:2,822,303

On October 18, 2021, a referendum was held in Alberta, Canada on two questions, whether equalization payments should be eliminated from the Constitution of Canada, and whether the province should observe daylight saving time year-round.[1] The referendum was held as part of the 2021 Alberta municipal elections and the Senate nominee election.[2] [3]

History

Equalization

Canada was created as a federal state with a financial relationship between the federal and provincial governments. Currently, there are three primary forms of transfers provided by the federal government to provinces.[4] The Canada Health Transfer is a per-capita transfer payment program in support of the health systems of the provinces and territories of Canada, and represents approximately 47 per cent of major federal transfers.[4] Funds provided through the Canadian Health Transfer must be used by provinces and territories for the purposes of "maintaining the national criteria" for publicly provided health care in Canada (as set out in the Canada Health Act). The second form of transfer is the Canada Social Transfer, a per-capita transfer in support of post-secondary education, social assistance, and social services, including early childhood development and early learning and childcare, which represents 20 per cent of major federal transfers. The third major program is equalization, which represents approximately 25 per cent of major federal transfers.[4] Equalization is intended to address fiscal disparities among Canadian provinces based on estimates of provinces' fiscal capacity—their ability to generate tax revenues.

The equalization program began in 1957 under Progressive Conservative Prime Minister John Diefenbaker to mitigate horizontal fiscal imbalance between provinces. Successive Alberta governments and popular opinion in the province have decried the equalization formula, noting that Alberta has not received funding under the equalization program since 1965.[5] The current equalization formula was implemented shortly after Stephen Harper's Conservative Party of Canada formed a minority government after the 2006 Canadian federal election. Shortly before the election, Liberal Finance Minister Ralph Goodale formed the "Expert Panel on Equalization and Territorial Formula Financing" chaired by Al O'Brien—a former Government of Alberta deputy minister—to produce a report on the future of equalization. The report titled "Achieving a National Purpose: Putting Equalization Back on Track"[6] was tabled in parliament in May 2006. The Harper government used the report as a basis for reforms to the equalization program.

The equalization referendum question asks whether Section 36(2) which expounds the principle of making equalization payments be removed from the Constitution Act, 1982. The amending formula for the Canadian Constitution requires agreement from seven provinces representing 50 per cent of the population of Canada (7+50 formula) and a "yes" vote by a single province in a referendum does not have legal consequence, as a provincial government cannot unilaterally modify equalization.[7]

Daylight saving time

In 1948, the Government of Alberta formally set the province's time zone with the passage of The Daylight Saving Time Act,[8] which mandated the entire province observe Mountain Standard Time, and prevented any municipality from observing daylight saving time or any other time zone. The bill came after Calgary (1946 and 1947), and Edmonton (1946) held municipal plebiscites which approved the move to daylight saving time, and after Edmonton had brought it in on a voluntary basis in 1947.[9]

Alberta's urban municipalities were largely in favour of daylight saving time and pressured the provincial government to hold a provincial plebiscite or permit municipalities to observe daylight saving time.[10] The effort in the Legislature was spearheaded by Liberal MLA and Calgary Alderman Bill Dickie who in March 1964 brought forward a motion to permit municipalities to hold plebiscites on the issue; the motion was defeated by the Social Credit government. At the time Social Credit MLA William Patterson described daylight saving time as "that fandangled thing", and Minister Allen Russell Patrick stated that municipal daylight saving time would be difficult for tourists to understand.[11]

The Social Credit government finally gave in to the request for a provincial plebiscite on daylight saving time, approving a motion by Bill Dickie put forward in February 1966.[12] On March 29, 1966, Minister Alfred Hooke introduced An Act to amend The Daylight Saving Time Act (Bill 75) amending the Daylight Saving Time Act[13] to permit the government to hold a plebiscite on the issue. Alberta voters were asked the question "Do you favour Province-wide Daylight Saving Time?" during the 1967 Alberta general election. A narrow majority of 51.25 per cent of voters rejected daylight saving time, which were primarily located in rural areas, while strong support for daylight saving time was seen in Calgary, Edmonton, Lethbridge and Medicine Hat.

Across Canada, by 1967, each province besides Alberta and Saskatchewan had adopted daylight saving time. Many Alberta businesses provided for modified summer hours, including the Alberta Stock Exchange which started at 7 a.m. to align with exchanges in Toronto and Montreal. Air Canada released a statement expressing the difficulty of distributing flight schedules with flights to or from Alberta.[14]

After 25 years as Premier, Social Credit leader Ernest Manning stepped down officially on December 12, 1968, and his successor Harry Strom was sworn in as Premier. Only a few months later in April 1969, Strom announced Albertans would once again be asked to vote on daylight saving time in conjunction with the next scheduled provincial general election. During the announcement, Strom stated he was neutral on the topic and did not have a preference one way or another.[15] The 1971 plebiscite on daylight saving time resulted in an overwhelming majority of the Alberta population approving the transition with 61.47 per cent in favour. A statement from Unifarm, a farmer representative organization which opposed daylight saving time, admitted that the organization anticipated the proposal would pass, but also downplayed the consequences for farmers.[16] The new Progressive Conservative government highlighted the change to observe daylight saving in the Speech from the Throne in early March 1972,[17] and Attorney-General Merv Leitch announced on March 14, 1972 that Alberta would officially observe daylight saving time, with the first season's start date set for April 30, 1972, lasting until October 29, 1972.[18]

Prelude

United Conservative Party of Alberta leader Jason Kenney first promised in November 2017 to hold a provincial referendum on equalization, shortly after being named party leader in the 2017 United Conservative Party leadership election.[19] The commitment to an equalization referendum was reiterated when the United Conservative Party platform document listed the referendum as the number three commitment in the leadup to the 2019 Alberta general election, behind the party's job creation plan, and the promise to repeal the carbon tax.[20] The plan for a referendum came as a protest in the perceived lack of progress on new pipelines such as the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion.[21] The United Conservative Party was subsequently elected to form a majority government in 2019, and on April 30 Kenney was sworn in as the Premier.

Fair Deal Panel

On November 9, 2019 at the Manning Centre "What’s Next?" Conference, Kenney announced the formation of the "Fair Deal Panel" to consult with Albertans on how best to secure a "fair deal" for Alberta in Confederation. The panel was provided a list of specific measures to consider, and given a mandate to hold town halls across Alberta to hear the concerns of Albertans. Amongst the measures put forward for the Panel to review, included an Alberta Pension Plan, and establishment of an Alberta Provincial Police.[22] Along with the Fair Deal Panel, Kenney sought to demand reform to the equalization formula to exclude non-renewable resource revenue from the calculation and impose a hard cap on equalization transfers, and hold a referendum on removing equalization provisions from the Constitution Act if substantial progress is not made on a coastal pipeline and Bill C-69 is not repealed.[23]

On March 31, 2020 the Fair Deal Panel Report to Government was released outlining 25 recommendations to the government. The second recommendation of the Panel was to proceed with the proposed referendum on the question of removing equalization from the constitution.[24] Premier Kenney responded by promising to hold the referendum on equalization, and continue to study the recommendation of creating an Alberta Provincial Police and pull out of the Canada Pension Plan.[25] [26]

Alberta’s election laws were modified to allow members of the cabinet to publicly comment on the referendum, which had previously been prohibited.[27]

Reaction

Commentators such as Trevor Tombe have argued the referendum on equalization is not held to facilitate constitutional change, but instead a way to elevate Alberta's position in Confederation and get the attention of the federal government.[28] [4]

Legal basis

The legal argument for Alberta's constitutional referendum on equalization is based on the Supreme Court of Canada decision Reference re Secession of Quebec. In Reference re Secession of Quebec, the Court ruled that a province could not unilaterally separate from Canada following a provincial referendum, and the Court offered guidance on the response by the federal and provincial government on referendums on constitutional matters. In particular, the Court stated that "the clear repudiation of the existing constitutional order and the clear expression of the desire to pursue secession … would give rise to a reciprocal obligation on all parties to Confederation to negotiate constitutional changes to respond to that desire." As well as the statement following "[t]he corollary of a legitimate attempt by one participant in Confederation to seek an amendment to the Constitution is an obligation on all parties to come to the negotiating table."[29]

There is disagreement as to whether the Reference re Secession of Quebec decision is applicable to the equalization referendum. University of Calgary political science professor Rainer Knopff believes the "binding obligation" described is applicable.[30] Others, including University of Waterloo political science professor Emmett Macfarlane and University of Alberta law professor Eric Adams, argue that the "binding obligation" is entirely for provincial succession, and the Supreme Court opinion noted that provinces have a mechanism to initiate constitutional change through the amending formula.

The Government of Alberta position provided by Premier Kenney is that if Albertans approve a clear question it would result in a binding obligation on the Government of Canada "to negotiate that amendment with the province in good faith."[31] [29] [32] The next step for the Alberta government would be to pass an amendment to the Constitution in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, triggering the legal obligation for the federal government to commence formal negotiations to remove the section.[29]

Questions

On June 7, 2021 the Government of Alberta announced the referendum questions to be put before Albertans during the 2021 municipal elections. On August 9, 2021, two Order in Councils were issued under the Referendum Act finalizing the questions and election procedure.

The equalization question is: "Should Section 36(2) of the Constitution Act, 1982 — Parliament and the Government of Canada’s commitment to the principle of making equalization payments — be removed from the Constitution?"[33] [34]

The question for daylight saving time is: "Do you want Alberta to adopt year-round Daylight Saving Time, which is summer hours, eliminating the need to change our clocks twice a year?"[35]

Opinion polling

Equalization

Province-wide

Date(s) conductedYesNoUndecidedLeadSampleConducted byPolling typeNotes
data-sort-="" style="background:green; color:white; width:40px;" type="number" data-sort-="" style="background:#dc241f; color:white; width:40px;" type="number"
data-sort-value="2021-10-13" 12—13 October55%29%16%26%935Mainstreet Research / Western StandardIVR
data-sort-value="2021-10-06" 21 September—6 October43%26%28%17%1,204Leger / Common GroundOnline

Regional

Daylight saving time

Regional

Results

Equalization

Results of the 2021 Referendum on Equalization by Municipality[36]
County/MunicipalityNumber of
Electors		Yes%No%Rejected
Ballots		Blank
Ballots		Yes/no
bgcolor=greenAcme137 106 78.52%29 21.48%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenAirdrie12,029 8,161 70.36%3,438 29.64%430 420 Yes
bgcolor=greenAlberta Beach255 192 76.19%60 23.81%3 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenAlix215 160 78.43%44 21.57%11 11 Yes
bgcolor=greenAlliance78 62 82.67%13 17.33%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenAmisk60 55 93.22%4 6.78%1 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenAndrew150 97 74.62%33 25.38%20 18 Yes
bgcolor=greenArrowwood71 45 70.31%19 29.69%7 7 Yes
bgcolor=greenAthabasca730 425 63.62%243 36.38%62 50 Yes
bgcolor=greenAthabasca County2,221 1,696 78.92%453 21.08%72 66 Yes
bgcolor=redBanff2,093 738 41.53%1,039 58.47%316 311 No
bgcolor=greenBarnwell213 167 83.92%32 16.08%14 14 Yes
bgcolor=greenBarons107 81 80.20%20 19.80%6 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenBarrhead1,366 904 71.41%362 28.59%100 94 Yes
bgcolor=greenBashaw318 227 74.18%79 25.82%12 11 Yes
bgcolor=greenBassano427 320 78.05%90 21.95%17 17 Yes
bgcolor=greenBawlf84 57 69.51%25 30.49%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenBeaumont4,578 2,762 65.10%1,481 34.90%335 335 Yes
bgcolor=greenBeaver County1,462 1,148 80.50%278 19.50%36 31 Yes
bgcolor=greenBeaverlodge486 362 77.85%103 22.15%21 18 Yes
bgcolor=greenBeiseker243 171 72.46%65 27.54%7 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenBentley309 229 77.89%65 22.11%15 14 Yes
bgcolor=greenBerwyn67 49 74.24%17 25.76%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenBig Lakes County1,353 1,065 81.42%243 18.58%45 37 Yes
bgcolor=greenBig Valley145 103 72.03%40 27.97%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenBirch Hills County365 290 85.29%50 14.71%25 24 Yes
bgcolor=greenBittern Lake80 66 86.84%10 13.16%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenBlack Diamond859 610 73.14%224 26.86%25 24 Yes
bgcolor=greenBlackfalds1,394 1,130 81.06%264 18.94%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenBon Accord361 246 69.69%107 30.31%8 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenBonnyville1,290 946 78.18%264 21.82%80 77 Yes
bgcolor=greenBow Island304 203 70.49%85 29.51%16 15 Yes
bgcolor=greenBowden367 277 77.16%82 22.84%8 8 Yes
bgcolor=greenBoyle253 179 74.90%60 25.10%14 12 Yes
bgcolor=greenBrazeau County2,670 2,273 87.19%334 12.81%63 59 Yes
bgcolor=greenBreton166 127 79.87%32 20.13%7 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenBrooks2,550 1,811 75.52%587 24.48%152 141 Yes
bgcolor=greenBruderheim203 158 78.61%43 21.39%2 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenBuffalo Lake Métis Settlement44 33 75.00%11 25.00%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenCalgary392,780 218,856 58.19%157,244 41.81%16,680 16,463 Yes
bgcolor=greenCalmar552 422 78.88%113 21.12%17 16 Yes
bgcolor=greenCamrose5,288 3,398 69.33%1,503 30.67%387 384 Yes
bgcolor=greenCamrose County2,293 1,792 79.57%460 20.43%41 34 Yes
bgcolor=redCanmore4,838 1,565 35.87%2,798 64.13%475 474 No
bgcolor=greenCarbon235 184 82.14%40 17.86%11 11 Yes
bgcolor=greenCardston1,306 1,008 82.42%215 17.58%83 80 Yes
bgcolor=greenCardston County1,338 1,108 86.49%173 13.51%57 56 Yes
bgcolor=greenCarmangay119 77 68.14%36 31.86%6 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenCaroline96 70 76.92%21 23.08%5 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenCarstairs1,214 939 79.98%235 20.02%40 40 Yes
bgcolor=greenCastor309 231 79.66%59 20.34%19 16 Yes
bgcolor=greenChampion125 102 83.61%20 16.39%3 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenChauvin142 118 84.29%22 15.71%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenChestermere4,731 3,330 74.51%1,139 25.49%262 259 Yes
bgcolor=greenChipman108 79 73.83%28 26.17%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenClaresholm1,469 991 71.71%391 28.29%87 83 Yes
bgcolor=greenClear Hills County602 495 84.47%91 15.53%16 15 Yes
bgcolor=greenClearwater County3,676 2,992 83.74%581 16.26%103 87 Yes
bgcolor=greenClive186 165 89.19%20 10.81%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenClyde63 34 57.63%25 42.37%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenCoaldale2,862 1,916 75.82%611 24.18%335 335 Yes
bgcolor=greenCoalhurst632 428 70.51%179 29.49%25 16 Yes
bgcolor=greenCochrane6,844 4,395 66.58%2,206 33.42%243 240 Yes
bgcolor=greenCold Lake2,737 1,909 72.81%713 27.19%115 112 Yes
bgcolor=greenConsort216 172 83.50%34 16.50%10 7 Yes
bgcolor=greenCoronation293 231 82.50%49 17.50%13 12 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Barrhead No. 111,678 1,304 80.64%313 19.36%61 55 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Forty Mile No. 8399 350 89.29%42 10.71%7 7 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Grande Prairie No. 14,933 3,934 81.64%885 18.36%114 98 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Minburn No. 27719 476 69.19%212 30.81%31 29 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Newell1,528 1,290 86.46%202 13.54%36 36 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Northern Lights713 557 79.57%143 20.43%13 10 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Paintearth No. 18446 376 85.65%63 14.35%7 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of St. Paul No. 192,495 1,890 78.98%503 21.02%102 102 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Stettler No. 61,877 1,587 86.20%254 13.80%36 33 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Two Hills No. 21910 722 79.78%183 20.22%5 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Vermilion River2,326 1,937 85.97%316 14.03%73 60 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Warner No. 5428 350 85.37%60 14.63%18 17 Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Wetaskiwin No. 102,710 2,183 81.70%489 18.30%38 38 Yes
bgcolor=greenCoutts74 61 84.72%11 15.28%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenCowley48 39 81.25%9 18.75%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenCremona144 91 68.42%42 31.58%11 8 Yes
bgcolor=greenCrossfield550 444 81.02%104 18.98%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenCrowsnest Pass1,749 1,215 71.94%474 28.06%60 52 Yes
bgcolor=greenCypress County1,809 1,494 84.60%272 15.40%43 41 Yes
bgcolor=greenCzar79 70 89.74%8 10.26%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenDaysland317 228 76.51%70 23.49%19 18 Yes
bgcolor=greenDelburne170 133 78.24%37 21.76%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenDelia53 43 81.13%10 18.87%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenDevon2,083 1,395 68.05%655 31.95%33 32 Yes
bgcolor=greenDidsbury1,669 1,120 73.49%404 26.51%145 143 Yes
bgcolor=greenDonalda95 74 86.05%12 13.95%9 8 Yes
bgcolor=greenDonnelly50 32 64.00%18 36.00%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenDrayton Valley1,849 1,478 81.88%327 18.12%44 39 Yes
bgcolor=greenDrumheller2,653 1,803 71.63%714 28.37%136 50 Yes
bgcolor=greenDuchess176 152 86.86%23 13.14%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=grayEast Prairie Métis Settlement17 8 50.00%8 50.00%1 1 N/A
bgcolor=greenEckville271 215 80.52%52 19.48%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenEdberg54 42 79.25%11 20.75%1 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenEdgerton147 113 80.14%28 19.86%6 1 Yes
bgcolor=redEdmonton235,852 108,059 48.09%116,632 51.91%11,161 10,997 No
bgcolor=greenEdson1,775 1,278 76.21%399 23.79%98 91 Yes
bgcolor=greenElizabeth Métis Settlement20 14 70.00%6 30.00%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenElk Point475 310 71.10%126 28.90%39 38 Yes
bgcolor=greenElnora91 70 76.92%21 23.08%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenEmpress104 69 70.41%29 29.59%6 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenFairview428 332 78.67%90 21.33%6 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenFalher201 155 79.08%41 20.92%5 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenFishing Lake Métis Settlement32 19 63.33%11 36.67%2 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenFlagstaff County793 680 87.07%101 12.93%12 12 Yes
bgcolor=greenFoothills County4,199 3,370 80.64%809 19.36%20 19 Yes
bgcolor=greenForemost204 148 77.49%43 22.51%13 13 Yes
bgcolor=greenForestburg184 140 77.78%40 22.22%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenFort Macleod726 481 70.63%200 29.37%45 44 Yes
bgcolor=greenFort Saskatchewan6,269 3,983 66.99%1,963 33.01%323 322 Yes
bgcolor=greenFox Creek443 332 77.93%94 22.07%17 17 Yes
bgcolor=greenGibbons782 539 71.11%219 28.89%24 23 Yes
bgcolor=greenGirouxville58 47 82.46%10 17.54%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenGlendon158 121 79.61%31 20.39%6 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenGlenwood124 89 74.17%31 25.83%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenGrande Prairie9,801 6,382 69.48%2,804 30.52%615 434 Yes
bgcolor=greenGrimshaw386 279 72.47%106 27.53%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenHalkirk39 34 87.18%5 12.82%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenHanna801 618 81.42%141 18.58%42 42 Yes
bgcolor=greenHardisty228 186 83.41%37 16.59%5 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenHay Lakes122 97 81.51%22 18.49%3 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenHeisler29 24 82.76%5 17.24%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenHigh Level439 289 68.65%132 31.35%18 16 Yes
bgcolor=greenHigh Prairie693 424 66.35%215 33.65%54 53 Yes
bgcolor=greenHigh River4,241 2,909 73.15%1,068 26.85%264 261 Yes
bgcolor=greenHill Spring76 57 77.03%17 22.97%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenHines Creek110 86 81.13%20 18.87%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenHinton2,763 1,792 69.38%791 30.62%180 164 Yes
bgcolor=greenHolden109 78 74.29%27 25.71%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenHughenden93 64 71.91%25 28.09%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenHussar68 60 88.24%8 11.76%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=redImprovement District No. 4 (Waterton)21 9 42.86%12 57.14%0 0 No
bgcolor=greenInnisfail2,679 1,364 59.10%944 40.90%371 371 Yes
bgcolor=greenInnisfree52 30 63.83%17 36.17%5 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenIrma168 145 87.88%20 12.12%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenIrricana370 281 76.78%85 23.22%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=redJasper1,363 488 38.30%786 61.70%89 86 No
bgcolor=greenKillam213 164 77.73%47 22.27%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenKitscoty230 183 80.62%44 19.38%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenKneehill County1,275 1,047 83.89%201 16.11%27 22 Yes
bgcolor=greenLac La Biche County3,219 2,283 76.20%713 23.80%223 213 Yes
bgcolor=greenLac Ste. Anne County3,017 2,350 80.73%561 19.27%106 104 Yes
bgcolor=greenLacombe2,464 1,659 70.78%685 29.22%120 119 Yes
bgcolor=greenLacombe County2,490 2,021 82.42%431 17.58%38 32 Yes
bgcolor=greenLamont439 317 76.02%100 23.98%22 22 Yes
bgcolor=greenLamont County1,144 601 56.12%470 43.88%73 68 Yes
bgcolor=greenLeduc7,007 4,746 71.44%1,897 28.56%364 357 Yes
bgcolor=greenLeduc County3,705 2,864 79.25%750 20.75%91 65 Yes
bgcolor=greenLegal379 262 71.98%102 28.02%15 12 Yes
bgcolor=greenLethbridge28,293 15,608 59.19%10,761 40.81%1,924 1,892 Yes
bgcolor=greenLethbridge County1,209 986 83.99%188 16.01%35 35 Yes
bgcolor=greenLinden212 158 79.40%41 20.60%13 13 Yes
bgcolor=greenLloydminster2,123 1,813 85.40%310 14.60%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenLongview150 108 72.00%42 28.00%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenLougheed67 46 71.88%18 28.13%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenMackenzie County1,293 1,081 87.67%152 12.33%60 50 Yes
bgcolor=greenMagrath841 618 77.54%179 22.46%44 42 Yes
bgcolor=greenManning265 189 73.83%67 26.17%9 9 Yes
bgcolor=greenMannville225 159 73.27%58 26.73%8 8 Yes
bgcolor=greenMarwayne174 130 76.47%40 23.53%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenMayerthorpe191 141 75.81%45 24.19%5 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenMcLennan220 134 65.05%72 34.95%14 14 Yes
bgcolor=greenMedicine Hat19,998 12,846 69.39%5,667 30.61%1,485 1,478 Yes
bgcolor=greenMilk River435 309 75.37%101 24.63%25 24 Yes
bgcolor=greenMillet505 359 72.09%139 27.91%7 7 Yes
bgcolor=greenMilo65 49 77.78%14 22.22%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenMorinville2,640 1,702 68.24%792 31.76%146 141 Yes
bgcolor=greenMorrin77 55 76.39%17 23.61%5 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenMountain View County3,850 3,076 82.20%666 17.80%108 104 Yes
bgcolor=greenMundare352 241 73.25%88 26.75%23 23 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal Affairs314 184 88.89%23 11.11%107 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Acadia No. 34160 137 87.82%19 12.18%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Bighorn No. 8449 232 53.46%202 46.54%15 12 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Bonnyville No. 874,272 3,427 84.97%606 15.03%239 239 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Fairview No. 136440 341 80.24%84 19.76%15 13 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Greenview No. 162,225 1,746 81.25%403 18.75%76 70 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Lesser Slave River No. 1241,009 773 79.20%203 20.80%33 31 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Opportunity No. 17966 520 59.98%347 40.02%99 99 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Peace No. 135222 164 75.93%52 24.07%6 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Pincher Creek No. 9958 657 69.82%284 30.18%17 17 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Provost No. 52698 621 90.52%65 9.48%12 10 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Ranchland No. 6626 21 84.00%4 16.00%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Smoky River No. 130812 613 78.79%165 21.21%34 31 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Spirit River No. 133177 149 86.63%23 13.37%5 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Taber972 812 87.12%120 12.88%40 26 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Wainwright No. 611,380 1,144 84.55%209 15.45%27 27 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Willow Creek No. 261,342 1,083 83.95%207 16.05%52 51 Yes
bgcolor=greenMunson94 80 88.89%10 11.11%4 4 Yes
bgcolor=greenMyrnam61 50 81.97%11 18.03%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenNampa86 69 82.14%15 17.86%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenNanton774 548 72.68%206 27.32%20 20 Yes
bgcolor=greenNobleford256 209 81.64%47 18.36%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenNorthern Sunrise County494 354 73.60%127 26.40%13 13 Yes
bgcolor=greenOkotoks7,523 5,170 72.05%2,006 27.95%347 346 Yes
bgcolor=greenOlds2,361 1,580 72.95%586 27.05%195 194 Yes
bgcolor=greenOnoway476 347 74.78%117 25.22%12 12 Yes
bgcolor=greenOyen201 170 85.86%28 14.14%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenPaddle Prairie Métis Settlement8 7 100.00%0 0.00%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenParadise Valley39 31 79.49%8 20.51%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenParkland County7,836 5,615 74.43%1,929 25.57%292 288 Yes
bgcolor=greenPeace River1,886 1,144 64.56%628 35.44%114 105 Yes
bgcolor=grayPeavine Métis Settlement45 21 50.00%21 50.00%3 3 N/A
bgcolor=greenPenhold834 419 54.56%349 45.44%66 66 Yes
bgcolor=greenPicture Butte225 176 80.37%43 19.63%6 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenPincher Creek1,214 788 68.58%361 31.42%65 63 Yes
bgcolor=greenPonoka1,606 1,112 74.23%386 25.77%108 108 Yes
bgcolor=greenPonoka County2,320 1,902 84.42%351 15.58%67 66 Yes
bgcolor=greenProvost621 523 86.16%84 13.84%14 14 Yes
bgcolor=greenRainbow Lake59 50 84.75%9 15.25%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenRaymond1,477 1,116 78.98%297 21.02%64 59 Yes
bgcolor=greenRed Deer21,750 13,980 68.62%6,393 31.38%1,377 1,370 Yes
bgcolor=greenRed Deer County6,020 4,759 80.85%1,127 19.15%134 111 Yes
bgcolor=greenRedcliff1,377 984 75.00%328 25.00%65 64 Yes
bgcolor=greenRedwater636 491 77.20%145 22.80%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenRegional Municipality of Wood Buffalo12,616 8,776 74.28%3,039 25.72%801 779 Yes
bgcolor=redRimbey697 293 65.26%156 34.74%248 220 No
bgcolor=greenRocky Mountain House1,707 1,245 76.01%393 23.99%69 57 Yes
bgcolor=greenRocky View County11,520 8,425 74.94%2,818 25.06%277 247 Yes
bgcolor=greenRockyford115 83 75.45%27 24.55%5 5 Yes
bgcolor=greenRosalind67 47 70.15%20 29.85%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenRosemary112 90 82.57%19 17.43%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenRycroft159 120 76.43%37 23.57%2 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenRyley178 122 71.76%48 28.24%8 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenSaddle Hills County727 573 82.21%124 17.79%30 25 Yes
bgcolor=greenSedgewick323 253 81.61%57 18.39%13 12 Yes
bgcolor=greenSexsmith467 357 81.14%83 18.86%27 23 Yes
bgcolor=greenSlave Lake1,440 1,054 74.23%366 25.77%20 17 Yes
bgcolor=greenSmoky Lake487 271 64.99%146 35.01%70 70 Yes
bgcolor=greenSmoky Lake County1,034 763 81.34%175 18.66%96 95 Yes
bgcolor=greenSpirit River250 188 78.99%50 21.01%12 10 Yes
bgcolor=greenSpring Lake176 102 58.96%71 41.04%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenSpruce Grove7,960 4,939 65.00%2,659 35.00%362 359 Yes
bgcolor=greenSt. Albert17,780 8,945 53.06%7,913 46.94%922 919 Yes
bgcolor=greenSt. Paul1,367 892 72.29%342 27.71%133 69 Yes
bgcolor=greenStandard123 94 78.33%26 21.67%3 3 Yes
bgcolor=greenStarland County543 442 84.84%79 15.16%22 10 Yes
bgcolor=greenStavely194 151 80.32%37 19.68%6 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenStettler1,362 1,005 77.37%294 22.63%63 33 Yes
bgcolor=greenStirling208 175 84.95%31 15.05%2 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenStony Plain4,327 2,877 71.00%1,175 29.00%275 232 Yes
bgcolor=greenStrathcona County30,501 18,302 62.63%10,919 37.37%1,280 1,264 Yes
bgcolor=greenStrathmore3,631 2,522 74.24%875 25.76%234 234 Yes
bgcolor=greenSturgeon County4,554 3,267 74.05%1,145 25.95%142 142 Yes
bgcolor=graySummer Village of Burnstick Lake7 3 50.00%3 50.00%1 1 N/A
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Golden Days42 32 76.19%10 23.81%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Gull Lake71 57 81.43%13 18.57%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Horseshoe Bay19 13 68.42%6 31.58%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=graySummer Village of Larkspur2 1 50.00%1 50.00%0 0 N/A
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Parkland Beach32 22 70.97%9 29.03%1 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Silver Beach5 5 100.00%0 0.00%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Sundance Beach18 11 61.11%7 38.89%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Waiparous18 12 70.59%5 29.41%1 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenSundre885 638 75.50%207 24.50%40 40 Yes
bgcolor=greenSwan Hills413 314 78.11%88 21.89%11 11 Yes
bgcolor=greenSylvan Lake3,448 2,611 77.94%739 22.06%98 94 Yes
bgcolor=greenTaber2,081 1,520 81.28%350 18.72%211 208 Yes
bgcolor=greenThorhild County1,147 890 81.28%205 18.72%52 51 Yes
bgcolor=greenThorsby400 278 71.10%113 28.90%9 9 Yes
bgcolor=greenThree Hills1,101 840 79.17%221 20.83%40 38 Yes
bgcolor=greenTofield409 281 69.38%124 30.62%4 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenTrochu354 269 79.59%69 20.41%16 15 Yes
bgcolor=greenTurner Valley731 480 68.77%218 31.23%33 31 Yes
bgcolor=greenTwo Hills279 179 72.76%67 27.24%33 33 Yes
bgcolor=greenValleyview447 315 73.09%116 26.91%16 16 Yes
bgcolor=greenVauxhall173 122 73.05%45 26.95%6 2 Yes
bgcolor=greenVegreville1,760 1,173 72.18%452 27.82%135 128 Yes
bgcolor=greenVermilion1,158 882 76.17%276 23.83%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenVeteran56 48 88.89%6 11.11%2 1 Yes
bgcolor=greenViking381 257 76.26%80 23.74%44 31 Yes
bgcolor=greenVilna72 48 66.67%24 33.33%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenVulcan454 337 75.73%108 24.27%9 8 Yes
bgcolor=greenVulcan County826 708 86.76%108 13.24%10 9 Yes
bgcolor=greenWainwright1,619 1,128 73.73%402 26.27%89 79 Yes
bgcolor=greenWarburg176 133 79.17%35 20.83%8 8 Yes
bgcolor=greenWarner184 125 75.76%40 24.24%19 18 Yes
bgcolor=greenWaskatenau35 29 82.86%6 17.14%0 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenWembley273 212 79.40%55 20.60%6 6 Yes
bgcolor=greenWestlock1,173 795 71.17%322 28.83%56 53 Yes
bgcolor=greenWestlock County1,988 1,558 80.52%377 19.48%53 52 Yes
bgcolor=greenWetaskiwin3,422 2,167 69.06%971 30.94%284 259 Yes
bgcolor=greenWheatland County2,106 1,690 83.05%345 16.95%71 56 Yes
bgcolor=greenWhitecourt2,131 1,620 80.80%385 19.20%126 122 Yes
bgcolor=greenWoodlands County1,606 1,324 83.96%253 16.04%29 26 Yes
bgcolor=greenYellowhead County3,061 2,466 82.45%525 17.55%70 68 Yes
bgcolor=greenYoungstown38 35 94.59%2 5.41%1 0 Yes
bgcolor=greenProvincial Total1,092,639 642,501 61.68%399,169 38.32%50,969 49,336 Yes

Daylight Saving Time

Results of the 2021 Referendum on Daylight Savings Time by Municipality[37]
County/MunicipalityNumber of
Electors		Yes%No%Rejected
Ballots		Blank
Ballots		Yes/no
bgcolor=greenAcme1377856.93%5943.07%00Yes
bgcolor=greenAirdrie12,0296,21552.35%5,65647.65%158154Yes
bgcolor=redAlberta Beach25512348.81%12951.19%33No
bgcolor=greenAlix21513864.79%7535.21%22Yes
bgcolor=greenAlliance785469.23%2430.77%00Yes
bgcolor=greenAmisk603356.90%2543.10%21Yes
bgcolor=greenAndrew1508560.28%5639.72%97Yes
bgcolor=greenArrowwood713956.52%3043.48%22Yes
bgcolor=greenAthabasca73039155.62%31244.38%2715Yes
bgcolor=greenAthabasca County2,2321,35061.90%83138.10%5140Yes
bgcolor=redBanff2,09384842.23%1,16057.77%8581No
bgcolor=greenBarnwell21311454.55%9545.45%44Yes
bgcolor=greenBarons1077573.53%2726.47%55Yes
bgcolor=greenBarrhead1,36671955.22%58344.78%6448Yes
bgcolor=greenBashaw31816452.73%14747.27%76Yes
bgcolor=greenBassano42722653.94%19346.06%88Yes
bgcolor=greenBawlf844857.83%3542.17%11Yes
bgcolor=redBeaumont4,5782,17449.22%2,24350.78%161161No
bgcolor=greenBeaver County1,46279755.58%63744.42%2826Yes
bgcolor=redBeaverlodge48623048.12%24851.88%83No
bgcolor=greenBeiseker24313757.32%10242.68%42Yes
bgcolor=greenBentley30917859.33%12240.67%99Yes
bgcolor=greenBerwyn673856.72%2943.28%00Yes
bgcolor=greenBig Lakes County1,35380660.56%52539.44%2217Yes
bgcolor=greenBig Valley1458156.64%6243.36%22Yes
bgcolor=greenBirch Hills County36520357.18%15242.82%1010Yes
bgcolor=greenBittern Lake804254.55%3545.45%33Yes
bgcolor=greenBlack Diamond85946555.23%37744.77%1717Yes
bgcolor=greenBlackfalds1,41785059.99%56740.01%00Yes
bgcolor=greenBon Accord36119053.52%16546.48%63Yes
bgcolor=greenBonnyville1,29082365.42%43534.58%3229Yes
bgcolor=greenBow Island30417658.09%12741.91%11Yes
bgcolor=greenBowden36821159.44%14440.56%1310Yes
bgcolor=greenBoyle25014358.61%10141.39%66Yes
bgcolor=greenBrazeau County2,6701,53058.35%1,09241.65%4844Yes
bgcolor=greenBreton1669057.32%6742.68%96Yes
bgcolor=greenBrooks2,5551,33854.35%1,12445.65%9382Yes
bgcolor=greenBruderheim20312762.87%7537.13%10Yes
bgcolor=grayBuffalo Lake Métis Settlement442250.00%2250.00%00N/A
bgcolor=redCalgary392,780187,28648.49%198,95751.51%6,5376,351No
bgcolor=greenCalmar55229254.07%24845.93%1212Yes
bgcolor=greenCamrose5,2882,74953.08%2,43046.92%109107Yes
bgcolor=greenCamrose County2,2931,16451.71%1,08748.29%4230Yes
bgcolor=redCanmore4,8381,66635.46%3,03264.54%140140No
bgcolor=greenCarbon23514563.60%8336.40%71Yes
bgcolor=greenCardston1,30673657.82%53742.18%3332Yes
bgcolor=greenCardston County1,33880761.74%50038.26%3127Yes
bgcolor=redCarmangay1195447.79%5952.21%64No
bgcolor=greenCaroline965660.22%3739.78%33Yes
bgcolor=greenCarstairs1,21468357.06%51442.94%1717Yes
bgcolor=greenCastor30915752.68%14147.32%118Yes
bgcolor=greenChampion1256452.03%5947.97%20Yes
bgcolor=greenChauvin14210071.43%4028.57%21Yes
bgcolor=greenChestermere4,7312,47953.79%2,13046.21%122121Yes
bgcolor=greenChipman1085653.33%4946.67%33Yes
bgcolor=greenClaresholm1,46974652.65%67147.35%5250Yes
bgcolor=greenClear Hills County60231553.39%27546.61%1211Yes
bgcolor=greenClearwater County3,6782,08257.91%1,51342.09%8371Yes
bgcolor=greenClive18610657.61%7842.39%21Yes
bgcolor=redClyde632845.16%3454.84%11No
bgcolor=greenCoaldale2,8621,58858.75%1,11541.25%159159Yes
bgcolor=greenCoalhurst63234556.10%27043.90%178Yes
bgcolor=redCochrane6,8443,22547.96%3,49952.04%120119No
bgcolor=greenCold Lake2,7371,80266.86%89333.14%4242Yes
bgcolor=greenConsort21614269.95%6130.05%1310Yes
bgcolor=greenCoronation29316758.19%12041.81%65Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Barrhead No. 111,67886953.05%76946.95%4034Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Forty Mile No. 839921654.68%17945.32%43Yes
bgcolor=redCounty of Grande Prairie No. 14,9142,29447.44%2,54252.56%7859No
bgcolor=greenCounty of Minburn No. 2771941860.76%27039.24%3131Yes
bgcolor=redCounty of Newell1,52873148.64%77251.36%2523No
bgcolor=greenCounty of Northern Lights71340657.67%29842.33%97Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Paintearth No. 1844623653.76%20346.24%76Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of St. Paul No. 192,4951,48461.15%94338.85%6867Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Stettler No. 61,87794551.25%89948.75%3331Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Two Hills No. 2195055658.59%39341.41%11Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Vermilion River2,3261,44163.12%84236.88%4330Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Warner No. 542823054.89%18945.11%98Yes
bgcolor=greenCounty of Wetaskiwin No. 102,7101,44854.01%1,23345.99%2929Yes
bgcolor=greenCoutts744359.72%2940.28%22Yes
bgcolor=greenCowley483368.75%1531.25%00Yes
bgcolor=greenCremona1447756.20%6043.80%74Yes
bgcolor=greenCrossfield55031858.46%22641.54%66Yes
bgcolor=greenCrowsnest Pass1,74998557.47%72942.53%3527Yes
bgcolor=greenCypress County1,8091,22668.72%55831.28%2523Yes
bgcolor=greenCzar795064.94%2735.06%22Yes
bgcolor=greenDaysland31718358.47%13041.53%44Yes
bgcolor=greenDelburne17011265.88%5834.12%00Yes
bgcolor=greenDelia532852.83%2547.17%00Yes
bgcolor=redDevon2,1771,03748.37%1,10751.63%3332No
bgcolor=greenDidsbury1,66782752.34%75347.66%8785Yes
bgcolor=greenDonalda955965.56%3134.44%54Yes
bgcolor=greenDonnelly502552.08%2347.92%22Yes
bgcolor=greenDrayton Valley1,84997555.30%78844.70%8683Yes
bgcolor=greenDrumheller2,6571,39053.26%1,22046.74%4723Yes
bgcolor=greenDuchess1769755.43%7844.57%11Yes
bgcolor=greenEast Prairie Métis Settlement171164.71%635.29%00Yes
bgcolor=greenEckville27114253.18%12546.82%44Yes
bgcolor=greenEdberg543158.49%2241.51%10Yes
bgcolor=greenEdgerton1477755.00%6345.00%72Yes
bgcolor=redEdmonton235,852104,18745.38%125,40854.62%6,2576,126No
bgcolor=greenEdson1,77594354.41%79045.59%4234Yes
bgcolor=greenElizabeth Métis Settlement201680.00%420.00%00Yes
bgcolor=greenElk Point47526758.42%19041.58%1816Yes
bgcolor=greenElnora916673.33%2426.67%11Yes
bgcolor=greenEmpress1057168.27%3331.73%11Yes
bgcolor=redFairview42820046.73%22853.27%00No
bgcolor=greenFalher20112865.31%6834.69%55Yes
bgcolor=greenFishing Lake Métis Settlement321858.06%1341.94%10Yes
bgcolor=redFlagstaff County79338949.87%39150.13%1313No
bgcolor=greenFoothills County4,1992,09050.33%2,06349.67%4644Yes
bgcolor=greenForemost20412060.00%8040.00%44Yes
bgcolor=greenForestburg1839552.20%8747.80%11Yes
bgcolor=greenFort Macleod72638554.15%32645.85%1514Yes
bgcolor=redFort Saskatchewan6,2692,91647.48%3,22552.52%128126No
bgcolor=redFox Creek44319444.19%24555.81%44No
bgcolor=greenGibbons78239451.91%36548.09%2322Yes
bgcolor=greenGirouxville583052.63%2747.37%11Yes
bgcolor=greenGlendon15810265.81%5334.19%32Yes
bgcolor=greenGlenwood1246150.41%6049.59%33Yes
bgcolor=redGrande Prairie9,8014,14044.00%5,26956.00%392213No
bgcolor=redGrimshaw39217845.52%21354.48%11No
bgcolor=greenHalkirk392256.41%1743.59%00Yes
bgcolor=greenHanna80143054.78%35545.22%1616Yes
bgcolor=greenHardisty22811650.88%11249.12%00Yes
bgcolor=greenHay Lakes1226150.83%5949.17%20Yes
bgcolor=grayHeisler291450.00%1450.00%11N/A
bgcolor=greenHigh Level43926360.88%16939.12%75Yes
bgcolor=greenHigh Prairie69336053.41%31446.59%1919Yes
bgcolor=greenHigh River4,2412,11651.95%1,95748.05%168167Yes
bgcolor=greenHill Spring764560.81%2939.19%22Yes
bgcolor=greenHines Creek1106058.82%4241.18%88Yes
bgcolor=greenHinton2,7631,50656.07%1,18043.93%7761Yes
bgcolor=greenHolden1097267.29%3532.71%22Yes
bgcolor=greenHughenden955762.64%3437.36%44Yes
bgcolor=greenHussar683450.75%3349.25%10Yes
bgcolor=redImprovement District No. 4 (Waterton)21628.57%1571.43%00No
bgcolor=greenInnisfail2,6791,32954.33%1,11745.67%233233Yes
bgcolor=greenInnisfree522955.77%2344.23%00Yes
bgcolor=greenIrma16810059.52%6840.48%00Yes
bgcolor=redIrricana37017948.91%18751.09%40No
bgcolor=redJasper1,35961145.50%73254.50%1614No
bgcolor=greenKillam21310851.43%10248.57%33Yes
bgcolor=greenKitscoty23014965.07%8034.93%11Yes
bgcolor=greenKneehill County1,27564651.80%60148.20%2822Yes
bgcolor=greenLac La Biche County3,2191,91761.78%1,18638.22%116108Yes
bgcolor=greenLac Ste. Anne County3,0441,65556.06%1,29743.94%9286Yes
bgcolor=greenLacombe2,4641,21750.52%1,19249.48%5554Yes
bgcolor=greenLacombe County2,4741,28052.52%1,15747.48%3730Yes
bgcolor=greenLamont43923554.27%19845.73%66Yes
bgcolor=greenLamont County1,14483977.11%24922.89%5652Yes
bgcolor=greenLeduc7,0073,43650.22%3,40649.78%165164Yes
bgcolor=greenLeduc County3,7051,96453.90%1,68046.10%6149Yes
bgcolor=greenLegal37920254.30%17045.70%77Yes
bgcolor=greenLethbridge28,29314,15851.22%13,48448.78%651632Yes
bgcolor=redLethbridge County1,20957348.40%61151.60%2525No
bgcolor=greenLinden21211154.15%9445.85%77Yes
bgcolor=greenLloydminster2,1421,70979.79%43320.21%00Yes
bgcolor=greenLongview1528354.61%6945.39%00Yes
bgcolor=greenLougheed673350.77%3249.23%22Yes
bgcolor=greenMackenzie County1,29394174.45%32325.55%2926Yes
bgcolor=greenMagrath84149859.78%33540.22%85Yes
bgcolor=redManning26512648.65%13351.35%65No
bgcolor=greenMannville22514866.97%7333.03%44Yes
bgcolor=greenMarwayne17410660.92%6839.08%00Yes
bgcolor=greenMayerthorpe19112867.37%6232.63%11Yes
bgcolor=greenMcLennan22011351.60%10648.40%11Yes
bgcolor=greenMedicine Hat19,99812,11361.85%7,47338.15%412409Yes
bgcolor=greenMilk River43525359.95%16940.05%1313Yes
bgcolor=greenMillet50527668.32%12831.68%101101Yes
bgcolor=greenMilo653656.25%2843.75%11Yes
bgcolor=greenMorinville2,6401,38453.79%1,18946.21%6762Yes
bgcolor=redMorrin773849.35%3950.65%00No
bgcolor=greenMountain View County3,8501,95151.67%1,82548.33%7465Yes
bgcolor=greenMundare35222967.35%11132.65%1212Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal Affairs31413162.38%7937.62%1042No
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Acadia No. 3416011773.13%4326.88%00Yes
bgcolor=redMunicipal District of Bighorn No. 844918341.50%25858.50%84No
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Bonnyville No. 874,2722,75766.51%1,38833.49%127126Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Fairview No. 13644021851.05%20948.95%1312Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Greenview No. 162,2251,19255.06%97344.94%6056Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Lesser Slave River No. 1241,00952053.17%45846.83%3129Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Opportunity No. 1796651356.69%39243.31%6161Yes
bgcolor=redMunicipal District of Peace No. 13522210045.87%11854.13%44No
bgcolor=redMunicipal District of Pincher Creek No. 995844346.73%50553.27%1010No
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Provost No. 5269843262.79%25637.21%109Yes
bgcolor=redMunicipal District of Ranchland No. 66261246.15%1453.85%00No
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Smoky River No. 13081242553.59%36846.41%1915Yes
bgcolor=redMunicipal District of Spirit River No. 1331778649.14%8950.86%22No
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Taber97249051.91%45448.09%2828Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Wainwright No. 611,38075655.22%61344.78%1111Yes
bgcolor=greenMunicipal District of Willow Creek No. 261,34270153.15%61846.85%2322Yes
bgcolor=redMunson944548.39%4851.61%11No
bgcolor=greenMyrnam613254.24%2745.76%22Yes
bgcolor=greenNampa864958.33%3541.67%22Yes
bgcolor=redNanton77437849.67%38350.33%1312No
bgcolor=greenNobleford26013752.69%12347.31%00Yes
bgcolor=greenNorthern Sunrise County49426754.38%22445.62%33Yes
bgcolor=redOkotoks7,5233,52347.67%3,86852.33%132129No
bgcolor=greenOlds2,3611,16751.18%1,11348.82%8181Yes
bgcolor=greenOnoway47625253.73%21746.27%77Yes
bgcolor=greenOyen20112462.63%7437.37%33Yes
bgcolor=greenPaddle Prairie Métis Settlement8675.00%225.00%00Yes
bgcolor=greenParadise Valley392461.54%1538.46%00Yes
bgcolor=greenParkland County7,8363,89750.89%3,76149.11%178177Yes
bgcolor=redPeace River1,88484746.11%99053.89%4739No
bgcolor=greenPeavine Métis Settlement452862.22%1737.78%00Yes
bgcolor=greenPenhold83439651.56%37248.44%6666Yes
bgcolor=redPicture Butte2259442.53%12757.47%42No
bgcolor=redPincher Creek1,21358748.92%61351.08%1310No
bgcolor=greenPonoka1,60682753.11%73046.89%4949Yes
bgcolor=greenPonoka County2,3201,19752.04%1,10347.96%2019Yes
bgcolor=greenProvost62144972.42%17127.58%11Yes
bgcolor=greenRainbow Lake593762.71%2237.29%00Yes
bgcolor=greenRaymond1,47786158.49%61141.51%52Yes
bgcolor=greenRed Deer21,75011,52354.60%9,58045.40%647641Yes
bgcolor=greenRed Deer County6,0203,13453.02%2,77746.98%10980Yes
bgcolor=greenRedcliff1,37785963.68%49036.32%2826Yes
bgcolor=greenRedwater64737357.65%27442.35%00Yes
bgcolor=greenRegional Municipality of Wood Buffalo12,6167,49761.69%4,65638.31%463447Yes
bgcolor=greenRimbey70441659.94%27840.06%107Yes
bgcolor=greenRocky Mountain House1,70796657.84%70442.16%3734Yes
bgcolor=redRocky View County11,5405,50548.56%5,83151.44%204171No
bgcolor=greenRockyford1156759.29%4640.71%22Yes
bgcolor=redRosalind673349.25%3450.75%00No
bgcolor=greenRosemary1126255.86%4944.14%11Yes
bgcolor=greenRycroft1599660.38%6339.62%00Yes
bgcolor=greenRyley17811867.43%5732.57%33Yes
bgcolor=redSaddle Hills County72734748.74%36551.26%1513No
bgcolor=redSedgewick32314545.45%17454.55%44No
bgcolor=redSexsmith46721546.34%24953.66%33No
bgcolor=greenSlave Lake1,44075452.47%68347.53%30Yes
bgcolor=greenSmoky Lake48727160.63%17639.37%4040Yes
bgcolor=greenSmoky Lake County1,03555858.13%40241.88%7574Yes
bgcolor=greenSpirit River25013554.88%11145.12%44Yes
bgcolor=greenSpring Lake1759655.81%7644.19%30Yes
bgcolor=redSpruce Grove7,9603,82749.03%3,97850.97%155153No
bgcolor=redSt. Albert17,8267,37442.35%10,03857.65%414408No
bgcolor=greenSt. Paul1,36778261.14%49738.86%8836Yes
bgcolor=greenStandard1238166.94%4033.06%22Yes
bgcolor=greenStarland County54327953.86%23946.14%2513Yes
bgcolor=greenStavely19410256.04%8043.96%1212Yes
bgcolor=greenStettler1,36270452.97%62547.03%3315Yes
bgcolor=greenStirling20813565.22%7234.78%10Yes
bgcolor=greenStony Plain4,3272,12751.19%2,02848.81%172126Yes
bgcolor=redStrathcona County30,50113,65745.72%16,21354.28%631624No
bgcolor=greenStrathmore3,6311,77850.93%1,71349.07%140139Yes
bgcolor=redSturgeon County4,5542,19849.28%2,26250.72%9493No
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Burnstick Lake7457.14%342.86%00Yes
bgcolor=graySummer Village of Golden Days422150.00%2150.00%00N/A
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Gull Lake713651.43%3448.57%11Yes
bgcolor=greenSummer Village of Horseshoe Bay191263.16%736.84%00Yes
bgcolor=graySummer Village of Larkspur2150.00%150.00%00N/A
bgcolor=redSummer Village of Parkland Beach321546.88%1753.13%00No
bgcolor=redSummer Village of Silver Beach5240.00%360.00%00No
bgcolor=redSummer Village of Sundance Beach18422.22%1477.78%00No
bgcolor=redSummer Village of Waiparous17531.25%1168.75%10No
bgcolor=greenSundre88550057.87%36442.13%2121Yes
bgcolor=greenSwan Hills41325462.41%15337.59%66Yes
bgcolor=greenSylvan Lake3,4481,88755.80%1,49544.20%6662Yes
bgcolor=greenTaber2,0811,17959.55%80140.45%101101Yes
bgcolor=greenThorhild County1,14763456.16%49543.84%1816Yes
bgcolor=greenThorsby40020351.13%19448.87%33Yes
bgcolor=greenThree Hills1,10160457.20%45242.80%4524Yes
bgcolor=greenTofield40921352.85%19047.15%65Yes
bgcolor=greenTrochu35417650.43%17349.57%54Yes
bgcolor=greenTurner Valley73137953.61%32846.39%2420Yes
bgcolor=greenTwo Hills27916361.05%10438.95%1212Yes
bgcolor=greenValleyview44723855.09%19444.91%1515Yes
bgcolor=redVauxhall1738449.70%8550.30%42No
bgcolor=greenVegreville1,76099558.22%71441.78%5147Yes
bgcolor=greenVermilion1,20467756.23%52743.77%00Yes
bgcolor=greenVeteran564173.21%1526.79%00Yes
bgcolor=greenViking38121259.05%14740.95%229Yes
bgcolor=greenVilna724866.67%2433.33%00Yes
bgcolor=greenVulcan45424654.79%20345.21%54Yes
bgcolor=redVulcan County82637545.90%44254.10%97No
bgcolor=greenWainwright1,61996260.69%62339.31%3424Yes
bgcolor=greenWarburg17610861.71%6738.29%11Yes
bgcolor=greenWarner18411466.28%5833.72%1211Yes
bgcolor=greenWaskatenau352262.86%1337.14%00Yes
bgcolor=redWembley27313349.26%13750.74%33No
bgcolor=greenWestlock1,17365656.94%49643.06%2117Yes
bgcolor=greenWestlock County1,9871,05253.65%90946.35%2624Yes
bgcolor=greenWetaskiwin3,4221,74054.98%1,42545.02%257234Yes
bgcolor=greenWheatland County2,1061,05151.39%99448.61%6146Yes
bgcolor=greenWhitecourt2,1311,08452.75%97147.25%7673Yes
bgcolor=greenWoodlands County1,60686854.56%72345.44%159Yes
bgcolor=greenYellowhead County3,0611,81260.16%1,20039.84%4947Yes
bgcolor=redYoungstown381233.33%2466.67%21No
bgcolor=redProvincial Total1,092,960 531,78249.76%536,87450.24%24,30422,907No

See also

References

Works cited

Notes and References

  1. News: Joannou . Ashley . Kenney says Alberta will hold referendum on equalization in 2021 as Fair Deal Panel offers 25 recommendations. June 17, 2020 . 2021-03-19. . en-CA.
  2. News: Premier Jason Kenney announces equalization, daylight saving referendums . July 15, 2021 . 2021-07-15 . CBC News . Anderson . Drew.
  3. News: Lachacz . Adam . It's official: Alberta to vote on daylight saving time and equalization in October referendum . 11 August 2021 . . August 9, 2021 . Edmonton.
  4. Béland . David . Lecours . André . Paquet . Mireille . Tombe . Trevor . A Critical Juncture in Fiscal Federalism? Canada's Response to COVID-19 . Canadian Journal of Political Science . 2020 . 53 . 2 . 239–243 . 10.1017/S0008423920000323. 7198463 .
  5. News: Reiger . Sarah . Alberta becoming a 'have not' province doesn't change issues with federation, Kenney says . 11 August 2021 . . July 28, 2020 . Calgary.
  6. Book: Canada. Expert Panel on Equalization and Territorial Formula Financing . Achieving a National Purpose: Putting Equalization Back on Track . May 2006 . Department of Finance Canada . Ottawa . 0-662-42568-5 .
  7. News: Leavitt . Kieran . Alberta's equalization referendum 'political science fiction,' experts say . July 13, 2021 . . August 20, 2019 . Edmonton.
  8. An Act Respecting the use of Daylight Saving Time within the Province, SA 1948, c 18, retrieved from CanLII on July 21, 2021
  9. April 19, 1947 . DLT Will Become Effective Here on April 27 . Edmonton Bulletin.
  10. News: Daylight Saving Vote Sought . . July 9, 1963 . 31 . .
  11. News: Cove . Lynne . Under the Dome . . March 11, 1964 . Edmonton . 1 . .
  12. News: Daylight Time: Legislature Votes to Hold Plebiscite . . February 25, 1966 . 15 . .
  13. An Act to amend The Daylight Saving Time Act, SA 1966, c 27, retrieved from CanLII on July 21, 2021
  14. News: Daylight Saving...Everyone Out Of Step . . April 29, 1967 . 31 . .
  15. News: Bell . Bob . Alberta to get DST plebiscite . . April 17, 1969 . 29 . .
  16. News: Hull . Ken . Alberta lets more sun in . . August 31, 1971 . 1 . .
  17. News: Tories put stress on human rights . . March 2, 1972 . 1 . .
  18. News: DST Starts April 30 . . March 15, 1972 . 1 . .
  19. News: Horne . Devin . Jason Kenney promises referendum on equalization payments if feds continue to push carbon tax . 23 July 2021 . . November 6, 2017.
  20. Book: United Conservatives: Alberta Strong & Free. Getting Alberta Back to Work . April 2019 . United Conservative Party .
  21. News: Kenney promises referendum on equalization in 2021 if no pipeline progress . July 13, 2021 . . The Canadian Press . March 21, 2019.
  22. News: Rieger . Sarah . Alberta addresses separatist sentiment by studying measures that would give province more autonomy . 23 July 2021 . . November 9, 2019.
  23. News: Members, mandate for Fair Deal Panel announced . 23 July 2021 . Government of Alberta . November 9, 2019.
  24. Book: Alberta. Fair Deal Panel . Fair Deal Panel: Report to Government . May 2020 . Treasury Board and Finance . Edmonton .
  25. News: Joannou . Ashley . Kenney says Alberta will hold referendum on equalization in 2021 as Fair Deal Panel offers 25 recommendations . 23 July 2021 . . June 17, 2020.
  26. News: Bennett . Dean . Alberta premier promises referendum on equalization reform . July 13, 2021 . . The Canadian Press . June 17, 2020.
  27. News: Kornik . Slav . Alberta legislation would permit cabinet ministers to get involved in referendums . July 13, 2021 . . April 20, 2021.
  28. News: Coyne . Andrew . Alberta's equalization vote is nonsense, but it might prove to be useful nonsense . 23 July 2021 . . June 9, 2021.
  29. Web site: Gee . Zachary . Can a Provincial Referendum Trigger a Legal Duty to Enter Constitutional Negotiations? Alberta's 2021 Equalization Referendum and the Reference re Secession of Quebec . Centre for Constitutional Studies . University of Alberta . 17 August 2021 . August 4, 2021.
  30. News: Knopff. Rainer. February 1, 2020. Opinion: Here's how Alberta can force the provinces to renegotiate equalization. Calgary Herald. 23 July 2021.
  31. News: Adams . Eric M. . Jason Kenney's equalization referendum is built on a crucial misinterpretation . 23 July 2021 . . June 28, 2021.
  32. Kenney . Jason . Standing up for Albertans . Government of Alberta . August 17, 2021 . June 7, 2021 . YouTube . press conference.
  33. News: Morton . Ted . Ted Morton . Morton: Alberta's equalization referendum will start dialogue on Canada's future. February 27, 2021. March 19, 2021 . . en-CA.
  34. News: Alberta moves forward on equalization referendum, with vote proposed in October . 23 July 2021 . . The Canadian Press . June 7, 2021.
  35. Web site: Order in Council 242/2021 . Queen's Printer . August 9, 2021.
  36. Web site: Referendum Results - Equalization - October 18, 2021 . Elections Alberta . 14 July 2022.
  37. Web site: Referendum Results - Daylight Savings Time - October 18, 2021 . Elections Alberta . 27 October 2021.

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