2021 Explained
Similar to the year 2020, 2021 was also heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the emergence of multiple COVID-19 variants. The major global rollout of COVID-19 vaccines, which began at the end of 2020, continued in 2021. Most major events scheduled for 2020 that were postponed due to the pandemic were hosted in 2021, including the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference, Expo 2020, and sporting events such as UEFA Euro 2020, the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, as well as the 2021 Copa América.[1]
2021 additionally witnessed numerous advancements in space exploration, particularly by the United Arab Emirates, NASA and SpaceX, including the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope.
Civil unrest grew in 2021, with coups occurring in Sudan, Myanmar, Mali and Guinea, and insurrections occurring in Armenia and the United States.
Events
January
-
- January 4 – The border between Qatar and Saudi Arabia reopens.[4]
- January 6 – Supporters of US President Donald Trump attack the US Capitol, disrupting certification of the 2020 presidential election, and forcing Congress to evacuate. Five people die during the ensuing riot.[5] The event is classified as a domestic terrorist attack, and draws international condemnation.[6]
- January 10 – Kim Jong Un is elected as the General Secretary of the ruling Workers' Party of Korea, inheriting the title from his father Kim Jong Il, who died in 2011.[7]
- January 13 – In Lyon, France, the first transplant of both arms and shoulders is performed on an Icelandic patient at the Édouard Herriot Hospital.[8]
- January 14 – The 2021 Ugandan general election is held. Incumbent president Yoweri Museveni, who has ruled since 1986, wins reelection.[9] [10] [11]
- January 15
- January 20 – Joe Biden and Kamala Harris are inaugurated as the 46th and 49th President and Vice President of the United States. Harris becomes the first Black, South Asian and female Vice President.
- January 22 – The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, the first legally binding international agreement comprehensively to prohibit nuclear weapons, comes into effect.[14]
- January 24 – 2021 Portuguese presidential election: Incumbent president Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa is reelected.[15]
- January 26 – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases exceeds 100 million worldwide.[16]
- January 27
- January 29 – COVID-19 pandemic: The European Union invokes Article 16 of the Northern Ireland Protocol following a row over COVID-19 vaccine supplies before reversing the decision.[19]
- January 31 – Nguyễn Phú Trọng is re-elected for a third five-year term as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam.[20]
February
March
April
- April 2 – Russia warns NATO against sending any troops to aid Ukraine, amid reports of a large Russian military build-up on its borders.[52]
- April 4
- April 9 – Roscosmos launches the Soyuz MS-18 mission, carrying three Expedition 65 crewmembers to the International Space Station.[55]
- April 11
- April 13 – Japan's government approves the dumping of radioactive water of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean over the course of 30 years, with full support of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The decision is opposed by China, South Korea, and Taiwan.[59]
- April 15 – Scientists announce they successfully injected human stem cells into the embryos of monkeys, creating chimera-embryos.[60]
- April 17
- April 18
- April 19
- April 20 – Idriss Déby, President of Chad, is killed in clashes with rebel forces after 30 years in office. The constitution is suspended and a Transitional Military Council is established to govern the country for 18 months.[70]
- April 22 – World leaders mark Earth Day by hosting a virtual summit on climate change, during which more ambitious targets for greenhouse gas emission reductions are proposed, including a 40% cut by 2030 for the United States.[71]
- April 23
- April 24
- Following an international search and rescue effort, the Indonesian navy reports the sinking of KRI Nanggala with 53 crew members, the largest loss of life aboard a submarine since 2003.[74]
- COVID-19 pandemic: The number of vaccinations administered worldwide exceeds 1 billion. Half of these doses have been administered in just three countries (the United States, China and India).[75]
- April 25 – Albania holds parliamentary elections.[76] [77] [78]
- April 28
- April 29 – The China National Space Administration launches the first module of its Tiangong space station, named Tianhe, beginning a two-year effort to build the station in orbit.[81]
May
- May 2 – The SpaceX Crew-1 mission ends, returning four crew members of Expedition 64 and 65 to Earth from the International Space Station aboard Crew Dragon Resilience.[82]
- May 11 – 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis: Israel hits the Gaza Strip with airstrikes as Hamas increases rocket fire.[83] This follows tensions over the possible eviction of several Palestinians due to a long-standing property dispute in the Sheikh Jarrah neighbourhood of East Jerusalem.[84]
- May 12 – COVID-19 pandemic in India: The country's death toll exceeds 250,000.[85] Delhi cremation grounds were running out of places [86] while hundreds of bodies were reported washed up on the banks of the Ganges.[87]
- May 14 – The China National Space Administration lands its Zhurong rover at Utopia Planitia on Mars, making China the fourth country to land a spacecraft on the planet and only the second to land a rover.[88] [89]
- May 15 – Fighting between Israeli forces and Palestinian militants continues to escalate, as the death toll exceeds 150. An Israeli airstrike destroys a high-rise office building in Gaza occupied by Associated Press, Al Jazeera, and other media outlets.[90]
- May 17 – Discovery, Inc. agrees to buy media conglomerate WarnerMedia and all of its subsidiaries from AT&T for US$43 billion. The merger is set to be complete the following year.[91]
- May 18–May 22 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2021 is held in Rotterdam, Netherlands, after the cancellation of the 2020 contest due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[92] [93] The contest is won by Italian entrants Måneskin with the song "".[94]
- May 20 – Following international pressure, and nearly 250 deaths, Israel agrees to a ceasefire deal to end the conflict with Gaza militants, effective the next day at 2:00 am local time.[95]
- May 23 – Ryanair Flight 4978 is forced to land by Belarusian authorities to detain dissident journalist Roman Protasevich.[96]
- May 24
- May 26
- May 29 – 2021 UEFA Champions League Final; Chelsea become champions, defeating fellow English club Manchester City 1–0 to win the UEFA Champions League for the second time.[102]
- May 30 – The 2021 Cypriot legislative election is held.[103] [104]
June
- June 2 – The 2021 Israeli presidential election is held, and won by Isaac Herzog.[105] [106] In order to remove Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu from power, Naftali Bennett agrees to form a coalition with the Israeli opposition as a rotation government that will come to take effect after eleven days.[107]
- June 5 – The G7 agrees on a global minimum corporate tax rate of 15% intended to prevent tax avoidance by some of the world's biggest multinational companies.[108]
- June 7 – The Juno spacecraft performs its only flyby of Jupiter's moon Ganymede, the first flyby of the moon by any spacecraft in over 20 years.[109] [110]
- June 9
- June 10 – An annular solar eclipse is visible from Canada, Greenland, the North Pole, and the Russian Far East.[115]
- June 11–July 11 – The delayed UEFA Euro 2020, hosted by 11 different countries, is held,[116] and is won by Italy after beating England on penalties in the final.[117]
- June 11–June 13 – World leaders meet at the 47th G7 summit, hosted by the United Kingdom, with topics of discussion including the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and the corporate taxation of multinationals.[118]
- June 12 – The 2021 Algerian legislative election is held to elect all 407 seats in the People's National Assembly.[119]
- June 13 – Benjamin Netanyahu, the longest-serving prime minister of Israel, is voted out of office; Naftali Bennett and Yair Lapid are sworn in as Prime Minister of Israel and as Alternate Prime Minister of Israel, respectively.[120]
- June 13–July 10 – The 2021 Copa América, hosted behind closed doors by Brazil, is held,[121] and is won by Argentina.[122]
- June 17 – The China National Space Administration sends its first three astronauts to occupy the Tiangong Space Station, the country's first space station.[123]
- June 18 – The 2021 Iranian presidential election is held.[124]
- June 20 – 2021 Armenian parliamentary election: Acting PM Nikol Pashinyan wins the country's snap election, with his Civil Contract party gaining 54% of the vote.[125]
- June 23 – 2021 ICC World Test Championship Final: New Zealand wins the 2019–2021 ICC World Test Championship.[126]
- June 24 – Surfside condominium collapse: A portion of the Champlain South Towers condominium building collapses in Surfside, Florida, United States, leaving 98 people dead.[127] [128] [129] One survivor was pulled from the wreckage while 35 others were evacuated from the uncollapsed section of the building.[130]
- June 25 – Derek Chauvin is convicted and sentenced to 22 years and 6 months in prison, for the murder of George Floyd and for starting the national and international protest. Despite this, the civil unrest still goes on.[131]
- June 28 – Tigray War: The Tigray Defense Force seizes the Tigrayan capital Mekelle shortly after the Ethiopian government declares a ceasefire.[132]
- June 29 – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of vaccinations administered worldwide exceeds 3 billion.[133]
July
- July 3 – Over 130 wildfires, fuelled by lightning strikes, burn through Western Canada following a record-breaking heatwave in North America that results in over 600 deaths.[134] [135] [136] [137]
- July 5 – More than 1,000 Afghan soldiers flee to neighbouring Tajikistan after clashing with Taliban militants.[138]
- July 7 – Assassination of Jovenel Moïse: Haitian President Jovenel Moïse is shot to death by unidentified gunmen at 1:00 am local time in his home. First Lady Martine Moïse is injured and hospitalized.[139]
- July 8 – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of deaths from COVID-19 surpasses 4 million.[140]
- July 10–August 1 – The 2021 CONCACAF Gold Cup is held in, and is won by, the United States.[141] [142]
- July 11
- July 12 – 2021 European floods: Heavy rain causes flooding in the border region of Germany and Belgium, resulting in 229 deaths, including 184 in Germany, 42 in Belgium with 1 person still missing there,[147] and 2 in Romania.[148] The event is attributed to a slowed jetstream caused by climate change.
- July 13 – After the Supreme Court declares his incumbency unconstitutional, KP Oli is succeeded by Sher Bahadur Deuba as 43rd Prime Minister of Nepal.[149]
- July 18 – An international investigation reveals that spyware sold by Israel's NSO Group to different governments is being used to target heads of state, along with thousands of activists, journalists and dissidents around the world.[150] [151]
- July 19
- July 23–August 8 – The 2020 Summer Olympics were held in Tokyo, Japan. They were originally scheduled for 24 July–9 August 2020, but were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[156]
- July 23 – The Court of Appeal of Samoa deemed the swearing-in of Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa and her government as constitutional, ending a three-month constitutional crisis.[157]
- July 25 – Tunisian president Kais Saied formally takes power in the country, suspending the parliament and sacking the prime minister.[158]
- July 28 – The first direct observation of light from behind a black hole is reported, confirming Einstein's theory of general relativity.[159] [160]
- July 29
August
- August 3
- August 4
- August 5 – Tigray War: The Tigray Defense Forces seize the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Lalibela.[168]
- August 9 – The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change releases the first part of its Sixth Assessment Report, which concludes that the effects of human-caused climate change are now "widespread, rapid, and intensifying".[169] [170] [171]
- August 12 – The 2021 Zambian general election is held.[172] [173]
- August 14 – A 7.2-magnitude earthquake strikes Haiti, killing more than 2,500 people.[174]
- August 15 – 2021 Taliban offensive: The Taliban capture Kabul; the Afghan government surrenders to the Taliban.[175]
- August 24–September 5 – The 2020 Summer Paralympics were held in Tokyo, Japan. They were originally scheduled for 25 August–6 September 2020, but were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[176]
- August 26 – 2021 Kabul airport attack: At least 182 people are killed, including 13 U.S. service members, in a suicide bomb attack at Kabul airport.[177] [178]
- August 27 – The United States launches an airstrike that it claims killed the Islamic State member who was believed to have planned the Kabul airport bombings.[179] However, the U.S. Defense Department later acknowledged that the strike instead killed ten civilians, including seven children, and that no terrorists were killed.[180]
- August 29 – Hurricane Ida strikes New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, after having caused devastation in Venezuela.[181]
- August 30
September
- September 5 – 2021 Guinean coup d'état: Guinea's President Alpha Condé is detained by an elite military unit led by a former French legionnaire, Lt. Col. Mamady Doumbouya, claiming to have seized power.[186]
- September 7 – El Salvador becomes the first country in the world to accept Bitcoin as an official currency.[187]
- September 13
- September 14
- September 15
- AUKUS: A trilateral security pact between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States is formed, to counter the influence of China. This includes enabling Australia to build its first nuclear-powered submarine fleet.[192]
- Several ministers of the Argentine president Alberto Fernández's cabinet resign after the government's defeat in the primary elections, triggering a political crisis in the country.[193] [194]
- September 16 – Inspiration4, launched by SpaceX, becomes the first all-civilian private spaceflight, carrying a four-person crew on a three-day orbit of the Earth.[195] Sian Proctor becomes first female commercial astronaut spaceship pilot and Hayley Arceneaux becomes first astronaut with a prosthesis.[196] [197]
- September 19 – The 2021 Russian legislative election is held, with the United Russia party winning nearly 50% of the vote.[198] [199]
- September 20 – The 2021 Canadian federal election is held, with Justin Trudeau and the Liberal Party retaining a minority government.[200]
- September 25 – The 2021 Icelandic parliamentary election is held.[201]
- September 26 – The 2021 German federal election is held, with Olaf Scholz and the Social Democratic Party beating out the CDU/CSU coalition.[202] [203]
October
- October 1 – The 2020 World Expo in Dubai begins. Its opening was originally scheduled for 20 October 2020 but was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[204]
- October 3 – The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists and assorted media partners publish a set of 11.9 million documents leaked from 14 financial services companies known as the Pandora Papers, revealing offshore financial activities that involve multiple current and former world leaders.[205]
- October 4 – Fumio Kishida becomes the 100th Prime Minister of Japan, succeeding Yoshihide Suga.[206]
- October 5
- October 6 – The World Health Organization endorses the first malaria vaccine.[210]
- October 6–October 10 – The 2021 UEFA Nations League Finals is held in Italy, and is won by France. They were originally scheduled for 2–6 June 2021, but were moved following the rescheduling of UEFA Euro 2020 to June and July 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[211]
- October 8–October 9 – The 2021 Czech legislative election is held, with the main opposition coalition alliance of SPOLU and Pirates and Mayors gaining a legislative majority.[212] [213]
- October 9 – Sebastian Kurz announces his resignation as Chancellor of Austria as a result of a corruption probe launched against him.[214]
- October 16 – The Lucy spacecraft is launched by NASA, the first mission to explore the Trojan asteroids.[215]
- October 17–November 14 – The 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup is held in the United Arab Emirates and Oman, and is won by Australia.[216]
- October 23 – Colombia's most wanted drug lord, Dario Antonio Úsuga, whose Gulf Clan controls many smuggling routes into the US and other countries, is captured by Colombia's armed forces.[217] [218]
- October 24 – The 2021 Uzbek presidential election is held.[219]
- October 25 – The Sudanese military launches a coup against the government. Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok is placed under house arrest. President Abdel Fattah al-Burhan declares a state of emergency and announces the dissolution of the government.[220]
- October 31
November
December
- December 4 – The 2021 Gambian presidential election is held and incumbent president Adama Barrow is reelected.[242]
- December 6 – The United States announces a diplomatic boycott of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing in response to China's human rights record.[243] Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia join shortly after.
- December 9
- December 10–December 11 - A late season tornado outbreak occurs in the Southern and Midwestern United States, causing major damage and killing at least 94 people. One of the longest-tracked tornadoes in history occurred, which impacted western Kentucky, particularly Mayfield.[247]
- December 11 – New York City FC defeat the Portland Timbers at Providence Park in Portland, Oregon 5–3 on penalties after a 1–1 draw, and win MLS Cup title for the first time in their history.[248]
- December 16 – Typhoon Rai, also known as Typhoon Odette, hits the Philippines and caused destruction to agriculture, establishments, and houses, and caused many injured and deaths.
- December 19
- December 25 – NASA, ESA, the Canadian Space Agency and the Space Telescope Science Institute launch the James Webb Space Telescope, the successor of the Hubble Space Telescope.[253]
Nobel Prizes
Notes and References
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- News: Vietnam ruling Communist Party chief Trong re-elected for third term . 31 January 2021 . Reuters . January 31, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210131234636/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-vietnam-politics-congress/vietnam-ruling-communist-party-chief-trong-re-elected-for-third-term-idUSKBN2A005T . live .
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- News: 21 February 2021. 58 people died in last week's frigid weather. Some of them were just trying to stay warm.. Washington Post. December 7, 2023. February 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210219102248/https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/02/18/winter-storm-deaths/. live.
- Web site: High Court orders Rosmah to enter defence on all three graft charges. Astro Awani. 18 February 2021. 18 February 2021. August 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210821050408/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets/widget_iframe.f88235f49a156f8b4cab34c7bc1a0acc.html?origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.astroawani.com. live.
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- News: 19 February 2021. US makes official return to Paris climate pact. The Guardian. 19 February 2021. February 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210219091824/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/feb/19/us-official-return-paris-climate-pact. live.
- Web site: 20 February 2021. Russia reports first human cases of H5N8 bird flu. 20 February 2021. BNO News. March 10, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210310083205/https://bnonews.com/index.php/2021/02/russia-first-human-cases-of-h5n8-bird-flu/. live.
- Web site: 2021-02-22. Italian ambassador killed in DR Congo attack. 2021-08-06. BBC News. February 24, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210224230606/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56151600. live.
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- Web site: Child. David. 25 February 2021. Protests rock Armenia as PM slams 'coup' attempt: Live updates. Al Jazeera. December 7, 2023. February 25, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210225133620/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/25/armenia-pm-accuses-top-military-of-coup-attempt-live-updates. live.
- Web site: 25 February 2021. Armenia PM Nikol Pashinyan accuses army of attempted coup. BBC. December 7, 2023. March 1, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210301020507/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56194421. live.
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