2020 Green Party of Canada leadership election explained

Election Name:2020 Green Party of Canada leadership election
Country:Canada
Type:primary
Ongoing:no
Vote Type:Popular
Previous Election:2006 Green Party of Canada leadership election
Previous Year:2006
Next Election:2022 Green Party of Canada leadership election
Next Year:2022
Turnout:68.8%[1]
Election Date:October 3, 2020
Leader
Before Election:Jo-Ann Roberts (interim)
After Election:Annamie Paul
2Blank:Final ballot
3Blank:First ballot
Candidate1:Annamie Paul
Image1:Annamie Paul in Toronto Regent Park (cropped2).jpg
Image1 Size:x150px
Colour1:00E8FF
2Data1:12,090
(50.63%)
3Data1:6,242
(26.14%)
Image2 Size:x150px
Colour2:0000FF
2Data2:10,081
(42.22%)
3Data2:5,768
(24.15%)
Image3:Candidate-courtney-howard (cropped).jpg
Image3 Size:x150px
Colour3:FF007F
2Data3:Eliminated
3Data3:3,285
(13.76%)
Candidate4:Glen Murray
Image4:GlenMurray2020 (cropped).jpg
Image4 Size:120x150px
Colour4:CDF500
2Data4:Eliminated
3Data4:2,745
(11.50%)
Candidate5:David Merner
Image5:David Merner 2012 (cropped).jpg
Image5 Size:x150px
Colour5:FB9513
2Data5:Eliminated
3Data5:2,636
11.04%
Image6:Amita Kuttner media official cropped2.jpeg
Image6 Size:x150px
Colour6:7900FF
2Data6:Eliminated
3Data6:1,468
6.15%
Image7:Meryam-Haddad-Officielle (cropped).jpg
Image7 Size:x150px
Colour7:EA1B2D
2Data7:Eliminated
3Data7:1,345
5.63%
Party:Green Party
Year:2020
Date:September 26October 3, 2020
Location:Ottawa, Ontario
Replaces:Elizabeth May
Winner:Annamie Paul
Ballots:23,877
Numcands:8+ NOTA
Entryfee:$30,000[2]
Spendcap:$500,000[3]

The Green Party of Canada held a leadership election between September 26 and October 3, 2020.[4] The election was held to replace Elizabeth May, who resigned on November 4, 2019,[5] [6] [7] after leading the party for more than a decade and achieving a record three seats in Parliament in the 2019 federal election. Eight candidates ran to replace her. While these candidates offered different visions for the future of the party and made various policy proposals, they all agreed that climate change is a serious issue, opposed the construction of new pipelines,[8] supported a guaranteed livable income,[9] and supported adopting some form of proportional representation in federal elections.[10]

No polling for the leadership race was released during the contest, and so frontrunner status was largely determined in the media on the basis of candidate fundraising. In that sense, the two frontrunners were Annamie Paul and Dimitri Lascaris.[11] Paul, an activist and lawyer from Toronto, won the election on the eighth round of voting. Her win was described as a win for "the more centrist camp".[12]

Election format

The vote was held online between September 26 and October 3, as well as by mail-in ballot. All party members as of 11:59 p.m. PDT on September 3, 2020, who were 14 years of age or older were eligible to vote. The vote was conducted through a one member, one vote preferential ballot with a none of the above option. The candidate with a majority of votes after a minimum of one ballot would win the leadership.[13]

The Greens originally planned to announce the election results at the party's biennial convention in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island,[14] however the convention was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[15] Instead, the candidates gathered in Ottawa, Ontario for the results, which were announced online at 9:00 p.m. ADT on October 3.[13]

Timeline

2019

2020

Fundraising

Source

Full results

Results by round
Candidate1st round2nd round3rd round4th round5th round6th round7th round8th round
Votes cast%Votes cast%Votes cast%Votes cast%Votes cast%Votes cast%Votes cast%Votes cast%
Annamie Paul6,24226.14%6,24526.15%6,30526.41%6,47827.13%6,95229.12%7,61431.89%8,86237.12%12,09050.63%
Dimitri Lascaris5,76824.15%5,77324.18%5,81324.35%6,58627.58%7,05029.53%7,55131.62%8,34034.93%10,08142.22%
Courtney Howard3,28513.76%3,28613.76%3,34814.02%3,40414.26%3,76215.76%4,52318.94%5,82424.39%Eliminated
Glen Murray2,74511.50%2,74611.50%2,82111.81%2,84611.92%2,99212.53%3,72515.60%Eliminated
David Merner2,63611.04%2,63611.04%2,69711.30%2,72711.42%2,85611.96%Eliminated
Amita Kuttner1,4686.15%1,4706.16%1,4866.22%1,7487.32%Eliminated
Meryam Haddad1,3455.63%1,3465.64%1,3585.69%Eliminated
Andrew West3521.47%3561.49%Eliminated
None of the options360.15%Eliminated
Exhausted Votes00.00%190.08%490.21%880.37%2651.11%4641.94%8513.56%1,7067.14%
Total23,877100%23,877100%23,877100%23,877100%23,877100%23,877100%23,877100%23,877100%

Debates

Debates among candidates for the 2020 Green Party of Canada leadership election
No. Date Place Host Topic Moderator Language Participants References
Participant Absent invitee
Non-invitee Out of race (exploring, withdrawn or disqualified)		GreenHaddadHowardKuttnerLascarisMernerMurrayPaulPerceval-MaxwellWest
1June 21, 2020OnlineFair Vote CanadaDemocracyElizabeth May,
Jim Harris		English[58] [59]
2June 23, 2020OnlineTVOntario (TVO)VariousSteve PaikinEnglish[60] [61]
3June 29, 2020OnlineGreen Party of ManitobaVariousJames BeddomeBilingual[62]
4July 20, 2020Online (Quebec)Green Party of CanadaVariousChad Walcott,
Julie Tremblay-Cloutier		French[63] [64]
5July 21, 2020Online (Prairies)Green Party of CanadaVariousNaomi Hunter,
Sai Rajagopal		English[65] [66]
6July 23, 2020Online (Atlantic)Green Party of CanadaVariousJenica Atwin,
Peter Bevan-Baker		Bilingual [67]
7July 27, 2020Online (North)Green Party of CanadaVariousLenore Morris,
Rylund Johnson		English[68] [69]
8July 28, 2020Online (BC)Green Party of CanadaVariousPaul Manly,
Jonina Campbell		English[70] [71] [72]
9July 30, 2020Online (Ontario)Green Party of CanadaVariousMike Schreiner,
Roberta Herod		English[73]
10August 5, 2020Online (Quebec)Quebec wingQuebec IssuesRalph Shayne,
Érica Poirier		French[74]
11August 23, 2020OnlineYoung Greens of CanadaYouth IssuesBryanne Lamoureux,
Clément Badra		Bilingual[75] [76]
12September 3, 2020Online (Québec)Green Party of QuebecQuebec IssuesHalimatou Bah,
Alain Joseph		French[77]
13September 10, 2020Onlinerabble.ca,
Canadian Foreign Policy Institute		Foreign AffairsJudy RebickEnglish[78] [79]
14September 20, 2020OnlineHeartwood InstituteElectoral StrategyJim Harris,
Abhijeet Manay,
Liz Lilly		English[80]
15September 22, 2020OnlineSouth Okanagan - West Kootenay EDAFood SecurityTara HowseEnglish

Candidates

Meryam Haddad

Background:Meryam Haddad, 32,[81] is an immigration lawyer residing in Montreal, Quebec. Haddad immigrated from Syria at the age of 5 and has been a resident of Montreal since. She holds a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Ottawa and was the candidate for Châteauguay—Lacolle in 2019. She is openly lesbian.[82]

Candidacy announced: May 22, 2020

Candidacy approved: June 3, 2020

Disqualified: September 22, 2020[56]

Reinstated: September 24, 2020[57]

Date registered with Elections Canada:

Campaign website:

Policies
NotesIn the lead-up to the 2020 British Columbia general election, Haddad criticized the Green Party of British Columbia over leader Sonia Furstenau's positions on defunding the police and Indigenous land rights, saying she would endorse the BC Ecosocialists over the Greens' provincial wing. She was disqualified from the election by the Green Party on September 22 for "intentionally undertaking an action that would bring the Green Party of Canada into disrepute." Haddad appealed and was reinstated two days later.[56] [57]

Courtney Howard

Background:Courtney Howard, 41,[86] is an emergency room physician residing in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. She holds degrees from Simon Fraser University, University of British Columbia, and McGill University. She is the President of the Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment[49] and a Clinical Associate Professor in the Cumming School of Medicine at the University of Calgary.[87] [88] [89]

Candidacy announced: June 11, 2020

Candidacy approved: June 12, 2020

Date registered with Elections Canada:

Campaign website:

Policies

Amita Kuttner

Background:Amita Kuttner, 30,[94] is an astrophysicist residing on Lasqueti Island, British Columbia.[95] [96] They hold a doctorate from the University of California, Santa Cruz. During the 2019 federal election, Kuttner was the candidate for Burnaby North—Seymour. Following the election, they served as the Green Party's Science and Innovation Critic.[97] They are also the co-founder and director of the Moonlight Institute.[98] Kuttner is openly non-binary and pansexual, and uses they/them pronouns.[99] [100] [101] They have refused to hold fundraising events with former leader Elizabeth May, saying the offer of assistance with fundraising does not address other systemic inequities in the race.[102]

Candidacy announced: March 9, 2020

Candidacy approved: April 22, 2020[103]

Date registered with Elections Canada:

Campaign website:

Policies:

Dimitri Lascaris

Background:Dimitri Lascaris, 56,[113] is a lawyer who was born in London, Ontario, and resides in Montreal, Quebec.[114] He holds a law degree from the University of Toronto. He was the federal candidate for London West in 2015 and the Justice Critic in the Green Party's shadow cabinet in 2016, and is a former member of the Quebec Greens' National Executive.

Candidacy announced: March 11, 2020

Disqualified: May 26, 2020

Reinstated and approved: June 2, 2020

Date registered with Elections Canada:

Campaign website:

Policies
NotesLascaris' candidacy was initially rejected by the party's vetting committee, which was appealed. The appeal was accepted on June 2, and his candidacy was reinstated and approved.[120]

David Merner

Background:David Merner, 58,[121] is a retired lawyer residing on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. He holds degrees from Harvard College, University of Alberta, Oxford University, and University of Toronto. Prior to his university studies, David was largely educated in French pre-schools and primary schools. He was the former Green Party Critic for Justice (2018–2020), and was the Green Party candidate for Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke in 2019. From 2012 to 2013, he was the president of the Liberal Party of Canada's British Columbia wing and was their candidate for Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke in 2015. Prior to entering politics, Merner was a lawyer at the Department of Justice and for the Privy Council Office as well as the Ministry of Attorney General of British Columbia. He was also the recipient of the Head of the Public Service Award from the Government of Canada.[122]
  • Candidacy announced: November 5, 2019
  • Candidacy approved: April 8, 2020[123]
  • Date registered with Elections Canada:
  • Campaign website:
    Policies:

    Glen Murray

    BackgroundGlen Murray, 62,[128] is a politician residing in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He holds a degree in Urban Studies from Concordia University. He is the former Liberal MPP for Toronto Centre (2010–2017) and a former cabinet minister under Premiers Dalton McGuinty and Kathleen Wynne, most notably as the Minister of the Environment and Climate Change (2014–2017). He was a candidate in the 2013 Ontario Liberal Party leadership election but withdrew from that contest midrace. Murray previously ran for the Liberals in Charleswood—St. James in 2004.[129] In addition, he has also served as city councillor (1989–1998) and Mayor of Winnipeg (1998–2004). He has also been the CEO of the Canadian Urban Institute (2007–2010), and executive director of the Pembina Institute (2017–2018). He is openly gay.
  • Candidacy announced: April 29, 2020
  • Candidacy approved: May 11, 2020[130]
  • Date registered with Elections Canada:
  • Campaign website:
    Policies:

    Annamie Paul

    Background:Annamie Paul, 47,[132] is a human rights lawyer residing in Toronto. She holds a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Ottawa and a Master of Public Administration degree from Princeton University.[133] She was the Green Party Critic for Global Affairs (2019–2020) and the federal candidate in Toronto Centre in 2019.[134] Paul is also the Green Party nominee for Toronto Centre in the October 26, 2020 federal by-election, having received permission from the Federal Council to do so as a leadership candidate.[135]

    Candidacy announced: January 30, 2020

    Candidacy approved: March 24, 2020[136]

    Date registered with Elections Canada:

    Campaign website:

    Policies

    Andrew West

    Andrew West, 45,[138] is a lawyer residing in Ottawa, Ontario. He holds a degree in Environmental Law from University of Ottawa. He is the Green Party of Ontario critic for the Attorney General (2015–present). He stood as the provincial candidate in Carleton—Mississippi Mills in 2014, the federal candidate in Kanata—Carleton in 2015 and provincially in 2018, and as the provincial candidate in the 2020 Orléans by-election.

    Candidacy announced: May 15, 2020

    Candidacy approved: June 11, 2020

    Date registered with Elections Canada:

    Campaign website:

    Policies:

    Candidates who withdrew or failed to qualify

    Don Elzer

    Background:Don Elzer is an environmental activist, businessman, and former journalist from Vancouver, British Columbia. He is the founder and owner of Wildcraft Forest, a natural health company. He currently resides just outside of Lumby with his family.

    Candidacy announced: February 24, 2020

    Withdrew: June 3, 2020

    Campaign website:

    Notes:Withdrew via email.

    Judy N. Green

    Background

    Judy N. Green is a computer scientist, veteran and small business owner residing in Nova Scotia.[144] She holds a Bachelor of Computer Science (Honours) from Acadia University and a Master of Computer Science from Carleton University. She was the candidate for West Nova in 2019.[145]

    Candidacy announced: January 23, 2020

    Disqualified: June 2, 2020

    Reinstated and approved: June 10, 2020

    Withdrew: August 30, 2020

    Endorsed: David Merner

    Campaign website:

    NotesGreen's candidacy was rejected by the party's vetting committee on June 2, which was appealed. The appeal was accepted and her candidacy was reinstated on June 10. She withdrew on August 30 and endorsed David Merner.

    Constantine Kritsonis

    Background:Constantine Kritsonis, 62, is a former Ontario representative on the Green Party Council. He stood as the Green Party of Canada candidate for York Centre in 2015, 2011, 2006, 2004 and 1997, and the Green Party of Ontario candidate in Oakwood in 1995.[146]
  • Candidacy announced: January 23, 2020[23]
  • Withdrew: February 3, 2020
  • Endorsed: Dimitri Lascaris
    NotesWithdrew following announcement of the election rules, citing the entrance fee at the time of announcement, $50,000, being too high. Later endorsed Dimitri Lascaris.

    Dylan Perceval-Maxwell

    BackgroundDylan Perceval-Maxwell is a Montreal activist and businessman. He was the Green Party candidate in Laurier—Sainte-Marie five times from 1997 to 2008 and the candidate in Alfred-Pellan in 2011.[147] His 2006 campaign is the subject of the NFB documentary Democracy 4 Dummies.[148]

    Candidacy announced: March 17, 2020

    Candidacy approved: May 29, 2020

    Disqualified: July 8, 2020[149]

    Campaign website:

    Notes:Disqualified by the party after inappropriate statements going against the Greens' core values.[54]

    Julie Tremblay-Cloutier

    BackgroundJulie Tremblay-Cloutier is a businesswoman from Oka who was the Green Party candidate for Mirabel in 2019, and a candidate for Oka City Council in 2017. Prior to entering politics, Tremblay-Cloutier was the head of a local pool and spa inspection company.

    Candidacy announced: December 2, 2019

    Withdrew: February 14, 2020

    NotesWithdrew citing the leadership election rules, her lack of experience and resources to do fundraisers, and her concern that ideas and debates would become secondary to raising funds.

    Alex Tyrrell

    BackgroundAlex Tyrrell, 32, is the leader of the Green Party of Quebec (2013–present), and was the provincial candidate for Verdun in 2018, Notre-Dame-de-Grâce in 2014, and Jacques-Cartier in 2012. He was also the candidate in the Outremont, Chicoutimi, Gouin, Louis-Hébert, and Roberval by-elections in 2013, 2016, May 2017, October 2017 and 2018, respectively.[150]

    Candidacy announced: January 15, 2020

    Withdrew: June 3, 2020

    Endorsed: Dimitri Lascaris

    Campaign website:

    Notes:Withdrew citing "Elizabeth May and her associates meddling in the election".[151]

    Declined

    Controversies

    Endorsements

    Former leader Elizabeth May was the subject of criticism over perceived implicit endorsements. Alex Tyrrell contended that May appeared with candidates at fundraisers to push them towards the lead. David Merner said it would be wiser for May to stay out of the contest completely.[166] [167] May responded that she was remaining neutral, but would help candidates from equity-seeking groups in fundraising efforts.

    Racism

    Candidate Meryam Haddad accused fellow candidate Dylan Perceval-Maxwell of racism for comments he made during a TVOntario debate. When asked about calls to defund the police, Perceval-Maxwell suggested having police officers "give $20 to every person of colour they stop". Haddad called the suggestion racist, and said it would not further the goal of ending systemic racism.[168] [169] Perceval-Maxwell suggested that Haddad was "angry that a white person came up with an idea."[170] On July 8, the party announced that Perceval-Maxwell was no longer a candidate for the leadership, citing statements "not aligned with the party's values."[54]

    See also

    External links

    Notes and References

    1. Web site: Green Leadership Vote 2020 / Vote pour la chefferie du Parti vert 2020. October 3, 2020. October 3, 2020. Youtube. October 7, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201007132539/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2O83lgofQSM&gl=US&hl=en. live.
    2. News: 'Not a great time' to ask for money, Greens scale back leadership fundraising: May. May 6, 2020. May 16, 2020. Rachel Aiello. CTV News. May 14, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200514074401/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/not-a-great-time-to-ask-for-money-greens-scale-back-leadership-fundraising-may-1.4927370. live.
    3. News: Green party sets contest rules to elect new leader in October . February 3, 2020 . Toronto Star . Canadian Press . February 3, 2020 . February 3, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200203212827/https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2020/02/03/green-party-sets-contest-rules-to-elect-new-leader-in-october.html . live .
    4. Web site: Leadership Contest. Green Party of Canada. November 28, 2019. August 4, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200804054357/https://www.greenparty.ca/en/leadership-contest. live.
    5. News: Interim Green Party leader hoping to court Wilson-Raybould for top job. Patel. Raisa. November 9, 2019. CBC News. November 9, 2019. August 24, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200824223713/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-hopes-to-court-jody-wilson-raybould-for-permanent-leader-1.5353986?__vfz=medium%3Dsharebar. live.
    6. News: Aiello . Rachel . Elizabeth May steps down as Green Party leader CTV News . November 4, 2019 . ctvnews.ca . CTV News . November 4, 2019 . November 5, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191105033347/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/elizabeth-may-steps-down-as-green-party-leader-1.4669169 . live .
    7. Web site: Elizabeth May steps down as leader of Green Party. Global News. November 4, 2019. November 4, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191104181653/https://globalnews.ca/news/6124129/elizabeth-may-resigns-green-party/. live.
    8. News: Zimonjic. Peter. June 23, 2020. Green Party leadership candidates spar over carbon pricing, defunding police in second debate. CBC News. June 25, 2020. June 25, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200625171227/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-leadership-debate-1.5624760. live.
    9. News: The Greens roll out some big policy ideas — and expect other parties to steal them. Thurton. David. September 26, 2020. CBC News. September 26, 2020. September 26, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200926104945/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-policy-leadership-1.5738946. live.
    10. Web site: Green Party Leadership Report Cards on Electoral Reform. 2020-09-10. Fair Vote Canada. en-CA. October 9, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201009155133/https://www.fairvote.ca/greenreportcards/. live.
    11. News: Green Party of Canada set to elect first new leader in 14 years after contentious leadership race. October 3, 2020. October 3, 2020. National Post. Nardi . Christopher .
    12. News: Raj . Althia . October 3, 2020 . Annamie Paul Wins Race To Replace Elizabeth May As Green Party Leader . HuffPost . June 12, 2021 . August 3, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210803063928/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/annamie-paul-elizabeth-may-green-party-leader_ca_5f791311c5b649e564b3b39b . live .
    13. Web site: 2020 GPC Leadership Contest Rules . . July 31, 2020 . September 18, 2020 . September 6, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200906044428/https://www.greenparty.ca/sites/default/files/2020_gpc_leadership_contest_rules.pdf . live .
    14. News: Federal Green party will pick its next leader in Charlottetown next fall . Stu . Neatby . . November 6, 2019 . September 18, 2020 . October 9, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201009155159/https://www.theguardian.pe.ca/news/local/federal-green-party-will-pick-its-next-leader-in-charlottetown-next-fall-372609/ . live .
    15. News: Green Party to likely hold virtual leadership convention amid coronavirus, May says . Mia . Rabson . Global News . June 3, 2020 . September 18, 2020 . September 26, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200926181134/https://globalnews.ca/news/7024439/coronavirus-green-party-leadership-convention/ . live .
    16. News: Elizabeth May says she's staying on as leader — for now. May. Elizabeth. October 24, 2019. CBC News. November 7, 2019. July 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210639/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-priorities-letter-trudeau-1.5333869. live.
    17. News: Quebec's Green Party leader eyeing federal job if Elizabeth May steps down . November 23, 2019 . . November 3, 2019 . November 21, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191121020348/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/green-party-elizabeth-may-alex-tyrrell-leadership-race-1.5346324 . live .
    18. Web site: Leadership contest could see 2020 Greens surpass NDP in fundraising, says contender. November 6, 2019. The Hill Times. November 8, 2019. November 8, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191108022831/https://www.hilltimes.com/2019/11/06/leadership-contest-could-see-2020-greens-surpass-ndp-in-fundraising-says-contender/223665. live.
    19. Web site: Little bit of #cdnpoli news here: ex-Liberal David Merner, who ran under Green banner in #elxn43 in his BC riding, is vying to replace former Green leader Elizabeth May. Mangat. Palak. November 7, 2019. Twitter. November 12, 2019. November 8, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191108030821/https://twitter.com/palakmangat/status/1192637647090573317. live.
    20. News: Ballingall . Alex . A Quebec businesswomen and disenchanted ex-Liberal enter the race to replace Elizabeth May . December 2, 2019 . Toronto Star . December 2, 2019 . December 3, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191203042217/https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/12/02/a-quebec-businesswomen-and-disenchanted-ex-liberal-enter-the-race-to-replace-elizabeth-may.html . live .
    21. News: Quebec Green Party leader to join federal leadership race as an 'eco-socialist' candidate, attempting to change the direction of the Greens. Thurton. David. CBC News. January 14, 2020. January 15, 2020. January 14, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200114231715/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/quebec-green-party-leader-to-join-federal-leadership-race-as-an-eco-socialist-candidate-1.5426482. live.
    22. News: Laframbroise. Kalina. Quebec Green Party leader officially launches bid to replace Elizabeth May. January 15, 2020. January 15, 2020. Global News. January 15, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200115210938/https://globalnews.ca/news/6414594/quebec-alex-tyrrell-green-party-leadership-race/. live.
    23. News: David . Thurton . Green leadership candidates from Nova Scotia and Toronto join the race . January 25, 2020 . . January 23, 2020 . January 25, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200125001421/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-judy-green-kritsonis-1.5430197 . live .
    24. News: Thurton . David . Green leadership hopeful wants to become the first black woman to lead a national party . January 30, 2020 . . January 29, 2020 . August 6, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200806141741/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-leadership-annamie-paul-1.5445210 . live .
    25. News: Green party's leadership race rules, entry fee has some candidates balking. Rabson. Mia. February 3, 2020. CTV News. February 6, 2020. February 5, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200205115157/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/green-party-s-leadership-race-rules-entry-fee-has-some-candidates-balking-1.4795180. live.
    26. Web site: 2020 GPC Leadership Contest Rules . June 5, 2020 . en . . June 6, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200606073034/https://www.greenparty.ca/sites/default/files/2020_gpc_leadership_contest_rules.pdf . live .
    27. Web site: C'est une aventure qui se termine.... February 14, 2020. March 8, 2020. fr. Facebook. September 9, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220909004703/https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fjulietremblaycloutierpvc%2Fposts%2F3471004506274934%3Fhc_location%3Dufi%26comment_id%3DY29tbWVudDoyNTg1NTk2MDc4MzI2MzYwXzI1ODU2Mjk3ODgzMjI5ODk%253D. live.
    28. Web site: GPC leadership campaign: "We are at a crossroads" – Statement by Don Elzer. February 24, 2020. May 21, 2020. June 4, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200604010617/http://www.donelzer.com/GreenSolutions/2-ACrossroadsinCanada.html. live.
    29. News: MacLeod . Andrew . New Candidate for Green Leadership Has Known Environmental Catastrophe . March 9, 2020 . . March 9, 2020 . March 11, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200311001328/https://thetyee.ca/News/2020/03/09/New-Candidate-Green-Leadership/ . live .
    30. Web site: Campaign Announcement. YouTube. en. April 23, 2020. August 24, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200824223844/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPdRBqki1B4. live.
    31. Web site: Dylan Perceval-Maxwell ce présente comme candidat à la direction du Parti Vert du Canada!. March 17, 2020. April 28, 2020. fr. Facebook. September 9, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220909004659/https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Festvert%2Fposts%2F104063644565662. live.
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