| Election Name: | 2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota |
| Country: | North Dakota |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 2012 United States Senate election in North Dakota |
| Previous Year: | 2012 |
| Next Election: | 2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota |
| Next Year: | 2024 |
| Election Date: | November 6, 2018 |
| Turnout: | 56.27% |
| Image1: | File:Kevin Cramer, official portrait, 116th congress (cropped).jpg |
| Nominee1: | Kevin Cramer |
| Party1: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 179,720 |
| Percentage1: | 55.11% |
| Nominee2: | Heidi Heitkamp |
| Party2: | North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party |
| Popular Vote2: | 144,376 |
| Percentage2: | 44.27% |
| U.S. Senator | |
| Before Election: | Heidi Heitkamp |
| Before Party: | North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party |
| After Election: | Kevin Cramer |
| After Party: | Republican Party (United States) |
The 2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota took place on November 6, 2018, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of North Dakota, concurrently with other elections to the U.S. Senate, as well as other federal, state and local elections in North Dakota.
This was one of ten Democratic-held Senate seats up for election in a state that Donald Trump won in the 2016 presidential election. Incumbent senator Heidi Heitkamp ran for reelection to a second term.[1] The candidate filing deadline was April 9, 2018, and the primary election was held on June 12, 2018.[2] U.S. Representative Kevin Cramer won the Republican primary to challenge Heitkamp, who ran unopposed in the Democratic primary.
On November 6, 2018, Cramer defeated Heitkamp in the general election, becoming the first Republican to win this seat since 1958. This marked the first time since 1960 that Republicans held both of North Dakota's Senate seats. This also marked the first time since 1959 that North Dakota's congressional delegation was completely Republican.
Many observers cited Heitkamp as a vulnerable incumbent Democrat in 2018, as she balanced cooperation with her Democratic colleagues in the U.S. Senate with pleasing her constituents in deeply Republican North Dakota; Donald Trump won in North Dakota by about 36 points.[3] The race was expected to be extremely competitive and some projected it would be the most expensive race in North Dakota history.[4]
See also: Native American Voting Rights Act of 2018 and Voter suppression in the United States.
On October 9, 2018, the Supreme Court of the United States refused to overturn North Dakota's voter ID law, called HB 1369. This law requires voters to use an ID which lists a street address, and doesn't allow PO boxes as valid addresses. However, many Native American reservations don't use a conventional address system and their inhabitants tend to use PO boxes instead, making a large share of the IDs used by Native Americans invalid. Although both Natives and non-Natives are affected, Native Americans are disproportionately more likely to be affected by HB 1369, and the law has been criticized for disenfranchising Native Americans. The Republican-held state government of North Dakota argued that the law was created to prevent voter fraud, but has been accused of passing the law because Native Americans are likely to vote Democratic.
A group of seven Native American voters led by Richard Brakebill, a U.S. Navy veteran enrolled in the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, challenged HB 1369 as violating the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. In the case of Brakebill v. Jaeger, judge Daniel L. Hovland of the District Court of North Dakota ruled in April 2018 that large parts of HB 1369 were unconstitutional, including the prohibition on IDs with PO box addresses.
North Dakota secretary of state Alvin Jaeger appealed the ruling to the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, and requested a stay on Hovland's ruling. The Eighth Circuit initially rejected Jaeger's stay request, with the primary elections in June 2018 not being affected by HB 1369, but revised its opinion in September 2018 and stayed Hovland's ruling. The plaintiffs filed a motion to the Supreme Court, requesting that they take up the case, but this motion was denied. Consequently, Hovland's ruling remained inoperative and HB 1369 was effective for the November 2018 general elections, with many people without the right ID being unable to vote.[5] [6] [7] [8]
Activists reacted to these suppression measures by educating voters, helping them get their identification cards updated, and giving them rides to the polls on election day. This backlash resulted in a Native American turnout that reached an unprecedented level in the election.[9]
The Democratic-NPL Party held their state convention March 16 and 17, during which delegates voted to endorse Heitkamp for re-election. Although general election ballot access is actually controlled by a primary election, challenger Dustin Peyer did not challenge Heitkamp in the June 2018 primary.[10]
| Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Rick Becker | Rick Berg | Tom Campbell | Tammy Miller | Kathy Neset | Kelly Schmidt | Undecided | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1892 Polling (R-Campbell)[25] | October 11–12, 2017 | 400 | ± 4.0% | 3% | 24% | align=center | 32% | 1% | 4% | 1% | align=center | 35% | |
| 1892 Polling (R-Campbell) | May 30 – June 1, 2017 | 400 | ± 4.0% | 9% | align=center | 39% | 7% | – | – | – | align=center | 45% |
| Source | Ranking | As of | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Cook Political Report[26] | October 26, 2018 | ||
| Inside Elections[27] | November 1, 2018 | ||
| Sabato's Crystal Ball[28] | November 5, 2018 | ||
| Daily Kos[29] | November 5, 2018 | ||
| Fox News[30] | November 5, 2018 | ||
| CNN[31] | November 5, 2018 | ||
| RealClearPolitics[32] | November 5, 2018 |
| Campaign finance reports as of October 17, 2018 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate (party) | Total receipts | Total disbursements | Cash on hand | |
| Heidi Heitkamp (D) | $27,353,798 | $16,356,442 | $11,142,250 | |
| Kevin Cramer (R) | $5,584,357 | $5,003,819 | $976,045 | |
| Source: Federal Election Commission[33] | ||||
Graphical summary
| Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Heidi Heitkamp (D) | Kevin Cramer (R) | Other | Undecided | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FOX News[34] | October 27–30, 2018 | 789 LV | ± 3.0% | 42% | align=center | 51% | 2% | 4% | |
| 851 RV | ± 3.0% | 42% | align=center | 49% | 3% | 6% | |||
| Trafalgar Group (R)[35] | October 23–24, 2018 | 1,498 | ± 2.1% | 46% | align=center | 55% | – | – | |
| Strategic Research Associates[36] | October 12–19, 2018 | 650 | ± 3.8% | 40% | align=center | 56% | – | 4% | |
| FOX News[37] | September 29 – October 2, 2018 | 704 LV | ± 3.5% | 41% | align=center | 53% | 2% | 3% | |
| 801 RV | ± 3.5% | 41% | align=center | 50% | 3% | 5% | |||
| Strategic Research Associates[38] | September 17–27, 2018 | 650 | ± 3.8% | 41% | align=center | 51% | – | 8% | |
| FOX News[39] | September 8–11, 2018 | 701 LV | ± 3.5% | 44% | align=center | 48% | 2% | 6% | |
| 804 RV | ± 3.5% | 42% | align=center | 47% | 2% | 7% | |||
| SurveyMonkey/Axios[40] | June 11 – July 2, 2018 | 457 | ± 7.5% | 47% | align=center | 52% | – | 2% | |
| Mason-Dixon[41] | June 13–15, 2018 | 625 | ± 4.0% | 44% | align=center | 48% | – | 8% | |
| Gravis Marketing[42] | February 21–24, 2018 | 385 | ± 5.0% | align=center | 43% | 40% | – | 17% | |
| The Tarrance Group (R-NRSC)[43] | February 18–20, 2018 | 500 | ± 4.5% | 44% | align=center | 49% | – | 7% |
| Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Heidi Heitkamp (D) | Tom Campbell (R) | Undecided | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1892 Polling (R-Campbell) | October 11–12, 2017 | 500 | ± 4.9% | 41% | align=center | 44% | 15% | |
| 1892 Polling (R-Campbell) | May 30 – June 1, 2017 | 500 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 43% | 37% | 20% |
with Kelly Schmidt
Official campaign websites