| Date: | 14–19 May |
| Edition: | 22nd |
| Draw: | 32S / 16D |
| Surface: | Clay |
| Location: | Samarkand, Uzbekistan |
| Champs: |  Luca Vanni |
| Champd: |  Sriram Balaji / Vishnu Vardhan |
The 2018 Samarkand Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 22nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Samarkand, Uzbekistan between 14 and 19 May 2018.
| Country | Player | Rank1 | Seed | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Uzbekistan | Denis Istomin | 91 | 1 | |
 Hungary | Attila Balázs | 198 | 2 | |
 Serbia | Nikola Milojević | 200 | 3 | |
 Belarus | Uladzimir Ignatik | 225 | 4 | |
| Lloyd Harris | 231 | 5 | ||
 Kazakhstan | Aleksandr Nedovyesov | 232 | 6 | |
| Belarus | Egor Gerasimov | 236 | 7 | |
| Yang Tsung-hua | 247 | 8 |
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
The following player received entry into the singles main draw as a special exempt:
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
See main article: 2018 Samarkand Challenger – Singles.
Luca Vanni def. 
Mario Vilella Martínez 6–4, 6–4.See main article: 2018 Samarkand Challenger – Doubles.
Sriram Balaji / Vishnu Vardhan def. 
Mikhail Elgin / Denis Istomin, walkover.