2018 Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election explained

Election Name:	2018 Rio de Janeiro state election
Country:	Rio de Janeiro
Party Name:	yes
Type:	presidential
Ongoing:	no
Previous Election:	2014 Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election
Previous Year:	2014
Next Election:	2022 Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election
Next Year:	2022
Election Date:
Module:	Embed: yes Election Name: Gubernatorial election Type: presidential Ongoing: no Alliance Name: no Image1: Juiz Wilson Witzel com Índios do Museu do Índio (cropped).jpg Nominee1: Wilson Witzel Running Mate1: Cláudio Castro Party1: Social Christian Party (Brazil) Alliance1: More Order, More Progress Popular Vote1: 4,675,355 Percentage1: 59.87% Nominee2: Eduardo Paes Running Mate2: Comte Bittencourt Alliance2: Strength of Rio Party2: Democrats (Brazil) Popular Vote2: 3,134,400 Percentage2: 40.13% Map Size: 350px Governor Before Election: Francisco Dornelles (acting) Before Party: Progressistas After Election: Wilson Witzel After Party: Social Christian Party (Brazil) Module: Embed: yes Election Name: Parliamentary election Ongoing: no Heading1: Legislative Assembly Leader1: Flávio Bolsonaro Party1: Social Liberal Party (Brazil) Percentage1: 15.62% Last Election1: 2 Seats1: 13 Leader2: Filipe Soares Party2: Democrats (Brazil) Percentage2: 7.09% Last Election2: 0 Seats2: 6 Leader3: Rafael Picciani Party3: Brazilian Democratic Movement Percentage3: 6.68% Last Election3: 15 Seats3: 5 Leader4: Jorge Felippe Neto Party4: Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011) Percentage4: 4.69% Last Election4: 8 Seats4: 3 Leader5: Gilberto Palmares Party5: Workers' Party (Brazil) Percentage5: 4.53% Last Election5: 6 Seats5: 3 Leader6: Jucélia Freitas Party6: Brazilian Republican Party Percentage6: 4.33% Last Election6: 2 Seats6: 3 Leader7: Dionisio Lins Party7: Progressistas Percentage7: 3,14% Last Election7: 4 Seats7: 2 Leader8: Bruno Dauaire Party8: Progressive Republican Party (Brazil) Percentage8: 2.80 Last Election8: 0 Seats8: 2 Leader9: Marcos Muller Party9: Humanist Party of Solidarity Percentage9: 2.74% Last Election9: 1 Seats9: 2 Leader10: Márcio Pacheco Party10: Social Christian Party (Brazil) Percentage10: 2.44% Last Election10: 1 Seats10: 2

Election Name:	2018 Rio de Janeiro Senate election
Country:	Rio de Janeiro
Type:	Senate
Vote Type:	Popular
Ongoing:	no
Candidate1:	Flávio Bolsonaro
Image1:	Foto oficial de Flávio Bolsonaro (v. AgSen).jpg
Party1:	Social Liberal Party (Brazil)
Popular Vote1:	4,380,418
Percentage1:	31.36%
Candidate2:	Arolde de Oliveira
Party2:	Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011)
Popular Vote2:	2,382,265
Percentage2:	17.06%
Candidate3:	Cesar Maia
Image3:	Cesar Maia (cropped).jpg
Party3:	Democrats (Brazil)
Popular Vote3:	2,327,634
Percentage3:	16.67%
Map Size:	350px
Senators
Before Election:	Lindbergh Farias and Eduardo Lopes
Before Party:	PT and PRB
After Election:	Arolde de Oliveira and Flávio Bolsonaro
After Party:	PSD and PSL

The Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election of October 2018 was for the election of the Governor and Vice Governor of Rio de Janeiro and 70 State Deputies. People also voted for 2 of 3 Senators of the state representation in the Federal legislative power, with 45 federal deputies representatives of the Rio de Janeiro State. A second round was held after no candidate managed to secure more than 50% of the Governor votes.

The previous gubernatorial election in the state was held in October 2014. Supported by the Brazilian Democratic Movement, Luiz Fernando Pezão was re-elected in second round with 55.78% of the votes, against 44.22% of Marcelo Crivella.^[1]

In the second round runoff, Wilson Witzel was elected Governor of Rio de Janeiro.

Gubernatorial candidates

Candidates in runoff

Party		Candidate	Most relevant political office or occupation	Party		Running mate	Coalition	Electoral number
	Social Christian Party (PSC)	Wilson Witzel	Federal judge of the 2nd Region (2001–2018)		Social Christian Party (PSC)	Cláudio Castro	More Order, More Progress Social Christian Party (PSC) Republican Party of the Social Order (PROS)	20
	Democrats (DEM)	Eduardo Paes	Mayor of Rio de Janeiro (2009–2017)		Popular Socialist Party (PPS)	Comte Bittencourt	Strength of Rio Democrats (DEM) Popular Socialist Party (PPS) Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) Progressistas (PP) Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) Solidariedade Green Party (PV) Christian Democracy (DC) Humanist Party of Solidarity (PHS) Avante Party of National Mobilization (PMN)	25

Candidates failing to make runoff

Party		Candidate	Most relevant political office or occupation	Party		Running mate	Coalition	Electoral number
	Democratic Labour Party (PDT)	Pedro Fernandes Neto	Member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (2007–2019)		<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB)	Gláucio Julianelli	Renew to Change Democratic Labour Party (PDT) Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB)	12
	Workers' Party (PT)	Marcia Tiburi	Philosopher, plastic artist, university professor and writer		Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB)	Leonardo Giordano	Popular Front Workers' Party (PT) Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB)	13
	United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)	Dayse Oliveira	Teacher and political militant		United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)	Pedro Villas-Bôas		16
	Podemos (PODE)	Romário Faria	Senator for Rio de Janeiro (2015–present)		Party of the Republic (PR)	Marcelo Delaroli	The Strength that Comes from the People Podemos (PODE) Party of the Republic (PR) Sustainability Network (REDE) Free Fatherland Party (PPL)	19
	<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB)	André Monteiro	Warrant Officer of the Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State		<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB)	Jonas Licurgo		28
	New Party (NOVO)	Marcelo Trindade	Lawyer and professor		New Party (NOVO)	Carmen Migueles		30
	Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL)	Tarcísio Motta	Member of the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro (2017–2023)		Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL)	Ivanete Silva	Change is Possible Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) Brazilian Communist Party (PCB)	50
	Social Democratic Party (PSD)	Indio da Costa	Member of the Chamber of Deputies (2015–2019)		Social Democratic Party (PSD)	Zaqueu Teixeira		55

Candidacies denied

Party		Candidate	Most relevant political office or occupation	Party		Running mate	Coalition	Electoral number
	Workers' Cause Party (PCO)	Luiz Eugênio	Metal worker		Workers' Cause Party (PCO)	Joaquim Nogueira		29
	<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Progressive Republican Party (PRP)	Anthony Garotinho	Member of the Chamber of Deputies (2011–2015)		Brazilian Republican Party (PRB)	Leide Duarte	For the People to be Happy Again Progressive Republican Party (PRP) Brazilian Republican Party (PRB) Christian Labour Party (PTC) Patriota (PATRI)	44

Declined candidates

• Paulo Hartung (MDB) - Governor of Espírito Santo 2003–2011 and since 2015; Senator for Espírito Santo 1999–2002; Mayor of Vitória 1993–1997; Federal Deputy from Espírito Santo 1987–1991; State Deputy of Espírito Santo 1983–1987.^[2]
• Marcelo Crivella (PRB) - Mayor of Rio de Janeiro since 2017; Minister of Fishing and Aquaculture 2012–2014; Senator for Rio de Janeiro 2003–2016. Candidate for Governor of Rio de Janeiro in 2006 and 2014.^[3]
• Sérgio Besserman Vianna - President of IBGE 1999–2003.^[4]
• Omar Peres (PDT) - businessman. Candidate for Mayor of Juiz de Fora in 2008.^[5]
• Rodrigo Neves (PDT) - Mayor of Niterói since 2013; State Deputy of Rio de Janeiro 2007–2013; City Councillor of Niterói 1997–2007.^[6]
• Cesar Maia (DEM) - City Councillor of Rio de Janeiro since 2013; Mayor of Rio de Janeiro 1993–1997, 2001–2009; Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro 1987–1992. Candidate for Senator in 2010 and 2014.^[7]
• Bernardo Rezende (NOVO) - Brazil men's national volleyball team coach 2001–2017.^[8]
• Eduardo Bandeira de Mello - President of Flamengo Rowing Club since 2013.^[9]
• Celso Amorim (PT) - Minister of Defence 2011–2015; Minister of Foreign Affairs 1993–1995, 2003–2011.^[10]
• Miro Teixeira (REDE) - Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro since 1987, 1971–1983; Minister of Communications 2003–2004.
• Chico Alencar (PSOL) - Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro.
• Vinícius Farah (MDB) - Mayor of Três Rios 2009–2017; Vice Mayor of Três Rios 2005–2009.
• Rubem Cesar Fernandes (PPS) - Director of Viva Rio.^[11]
• Mendelssohn Kieling (PMB) - Prosecutor of justice.^[12]
• Leonardo Giordano (PCdoB) - City Councillor of Niterói since 2009.^[13]

Debates

Governor

2018 Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election debates
	Date	Hosts	Moderators	Participants
Key:	scope=col style=background:		scope=col style=background:		scope=col style=background:		scope=col style=background:		scope=col style=background:		scope=col style=background:		scope=col style=background:		scope=col style=background:
Witzel	Paes	Motta	Romário	Fernandes	Indio	Tiburi	Garotinho
scope=row style=text-align:center	1.1	Thursday, 16 August 2018	Rede Bandeirantes	Rodolfo Schneider
scope=row style=text-align:center	1.2	Tuesday, 28 August 2018	O Globo, Jornal Extra, Época, Estácio	Ancelmo Gois, Berenice Seara
scope=row style=text-align:center	1.3	Wednesday, 19 September 2018	SBT, Folha, UOL	Isabele Benito
scope=row style=text-align:center	1.4	Friday, 28 September 2018	RecordTV, R7	Janine Borba
scope=row style=text-align:center	1.5	Tuesday, 2 October 2018	Rede Globo, G1	Ana Paula Araújo
scope=row style=text-align:center	2.1	Wednesday, 17 October 2018	O Globo, Jornal Extra, Época	Berenice Seara			colspan=6 rowspan=6
scope=row style=text-align:center	2.2	Thursday, 18 October 2018	Rede Bandeirantes	Rodolfo Schneider
scope=row style=text-align:center	2.3	Friday, 19 October 2018	RecordTV, R7	Janine Borba
scope=row style=text-align:center	2.4	Monday, 22 October 2022	CBN, G1	Bianca Santos
scope=row style=text-align:center	2.5	Tuesday, 23 October 2022	SBT, Folha, UOL, Super Rádio Tupi	Isabele Benito
scope=row style=text-align:center	2.6	Thursday, 25 October 2018	Rede Globo, G1	Ana Paula Araújo

Opinion polls

Governor

First round

Pollster/client(s)	Date(s) conducted	Sample size	Paes	Romário	Garotinho	Motta	Indio	Fernandes	Witzel	Pezão	Crivella	Others	Abst. Undec.	Lead
			data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#8CC63E;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#2DA933;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#7FE3D6;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#700000;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#FFA500;"					data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#FF0000;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#009118;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#30814D;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#00E6A8;"
2018 election	7 Oct	–	19.56%	8.70%	–	10.72%	5.95%	6.11%	41.28%	–	–	7.68%	19.34%	21.72%
Datafolha	5–6 Oct	2,667	23%	15%	–	10%	11%	5%	14%	–	–	5%	14%	8%
Ibope	4–6 Oct	2,002	26%	17%	–	7%	10%	5%	10%	–	–	8%	17%	9%
Datafolha	3–4 Oct	1,484	24%	16%	–	9%	10%	6%	10%	–	–	8%	18%	8%
Ibope	30 Sep–2 Oct	2,002	26%	19%	–	6%	10%	3%	7%	–	–	10%	20%	7%
27 Sep		The Superior Electoral Court bans Anthony Garotinho from running in the 2018 elections
Datafolha	26–28 Sep	1,414	25%	14%	15%	6%	8%	2%	4%	–	–	6%	19%	10%
Ibope	22–24 Sep	1,512	24%	16%	16%	4%	6%	2%	4%	–	–	7%	22%	8%
Datafolha	18–19 Sep	1,358	22%	14%	12%	6%	7%	2%	4%	–	–	5%	27%	8%
Ibope	4–10 Sep	1,204	23%	20%	12%	5%	4%	2%	1%	–	–	5%	29%	3%
Datafolha	4–6 Sep	1,357	24%	14%	10%	7%	5%	3%	1%	–	–	5%	30%	10%
Datafolha	20–21 Aug	1,322	18%	16%	12%	5%	5%	3%	1%	–	–	7%	33%	2%
Ibope	17–20 Aug	1,204	12%	14%	12%	5%	3%	2%	1%	–	–	5%	46%	2%
2014 election	5 Oct 2014	–	–	–	19.73%	8.92%	–	–	–	40.57%	20.26%	10.53%	17.56%	20.31%

Second round

Pollster/client(s)	Date(s) conducted	Sample size	Witzel	Paes	Pezão	Crivella	Abst. Undec.	Lead
			data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#009118;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#8CC63E;"				data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#30914D;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#00E6A8;"
2018 election	28 Oct	–	59.87%	40.13%	–	–	17.06%	19.74%
Datafolha	26–27 Oct	3,008	44%	40%	–	–	16%	4%
Ibope	25–27 Oct	2,002	45%	38%	–	–	17%	7%
Datafolha	24–25 Oct	1,481	47%	37%	–	–	17%	10%
Ibope	20–23 Oct	1,512	48%	38%	–	–	14%	10%
Datafolha	17–18 Oct	1,484	50%	33%	–	–	17%	17%
Ibope	15–17 Oct	1,512	51%	34%	–	–	14%	17%
2014 election	26 Oct	–	–	–	55.78%	44.22%	17.5%	11.56%

Senator

Pollster/client(s)	Date(s) conducted	Sample size	Maia	Farias	Bolsonaro	Alencar	Teixeira	Pereira	Oliveira	Lopes	Crivella	Picciani	Others	Abst. Undec.	Abst. Undec.	Lead
			data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#8CC93E;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#CC0000;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#008000;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#700000;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#00C2BB;"						data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#009118;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#FFA500;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#00E6A8;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#00E6A8;"		data-sort-type="number" class="sortable" style="background:#30914D;"
2018 election	7 Oct	–	16.67%	10.17%	31.36%	9.17%	3.09%	2.58%	17.06%	3.64%	–	–	6.27%	26.29%		14.30%
Datafolha	3–4 Oct	1,542	29%	20%	30%	15%	11%	7%	11%	3%	–	–	18%	21%	34%	1%
Ibope	30 Sep–2 Oct	2,002	27%	22%	26%	11%	10%	7%	9%	4%	–	–	22%	16%	25%	1%
Datafolha	26–28 Sep	1,414	26%	22%	25%	14%	11%	6%	9%	4%	–	–	18%	24%	40%	1%
Ibope	22–24 Sep	1,512	27%	19%	22%	11%	10%	8%	7%	3%	–	–	20%	18%	26%	5%
Datafolha	18–19 Sep	1,358	24%	21%	26%	12%	11%	7%	8%	4%	–	–	19%	46%	26%	2%
Ibope	7–9 Sep	1,204	22%	15%	19%	11%	9%	7%	4%	–	–	–	18%	27%	37%	3%
Paraná Pesquisas	25–30 Aug	1,860	15.7%	14.1%	19.7%	11.3%	8.5%	6.3%	6.5%	4.1%	–	–	11.4%	34.2%		4%
RealTime Big Data	10–12 Aug	2,000	15%	10%	24%	14%	5%	2%	4%	7%	–	–	5%	12%		9%
2010 election	3 Oct	–	11.06%	28.65%	–	–	–	–	–	–	22.66%	20.73%	16.91%	23.18%		5.99%

Senate elections

Confirmed candidates

Party		Candidate	Most relevant political office or occupation	Party		Candidates for Alternate Senators	Coalition	Electoral number
	Brazilian Republican Party (PRB)	Eduardo Lopes	Senator for Rio de Janeiro (2017–2019)		Brazilian Republican Party (PRB)	1st alternate senator: Jane Crivella	For the People to be Happy Again Progressive Republican Party (PRP) Brazilian Republican Party (PRB) Christian Labour Party (PTC) Patriota (PATRI)	100
					Christian Labour Party (PTC)	2nd alternate senator: Luiz Guedes Junior
	Patriota (PATRI)	Walter Cristie	Theology, pastor and entrepreneur		<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Progressive Republican Party (PRP)		1st alternate senator: Carla Jordes	511
						2nd alternate senator: Mauro Cunha
	Democratic Labour Party (PDT)	José Bonifácio			Democratic Labour Party (PDT)	1st alternate senator: Maria José Lagte	Renew to Change Democratic Labour Party (PDT) Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB)	123
						2nd alternate senator: Alice Alves
	Workers' Party (PT)	Lindbergh Farias	Senator for Rio de Janeiro (2011–2019)		Workers' Party (PT)	1st alternate senator: Edinho Silva	Popular Front Workers' Party (PT) Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB)	131
						2nd alternate senator: Anazir Oliveira
	United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)	Samantha Guedes	Political militant		United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)	1st alternate senator: Juzerley Assunção	160
						2nd alternate senator: Maria Elisa Guimarães
	United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)	Cyro Garcia	Member of the Chamber of Deputies (1992–1993)		United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)	1st alternate senator: Julia Eberhardt	161
						2nd alternate senator: Sérgio Perdigão
	Social Liberal Party (PSL)	Flávio Bolsonaro	Member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (2003–2019)		Social Liberal Party (PSL)	1st alternate senator: Paulo Marinho	177
						2nd alternate senator: Leonardo Rodrigues
	Sustainability Network (REDE)	Miro Teixeira	Member of the Chamber of Deputies (1987–)		Sustainability Network (REDE)	1st alternate senator: Sônia Rabello	The Strength that Comes from the People Podemos (PODE) Party of the Republic (PR) Sustainability Network (REDE) Free Fatherland Party (PPL)	188
						2nd alternate senator: Valéria Tatsch
	Social Christian Party (PSC)	Everaldo Pereira	PSC National President (2015–2023)		Social Christian Party (PSC)	1st alternate senator: Donizete Pereira	More Order, More Progress Social Christian Party (PSC) Republican Party of the Social Order (PROS)	200
						2nd alternate senator: Laercio de Almeida
	Brazilian Communist Party (PCB)		Founder of Classist Unity and member of PCB women's wing		Brazilian Communist Party (PCB)	1st alternate senator: Valmiria Guida	Change is Possible Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) Brazilian Communist Party (PCB)	211
						2nd alternate senator: Ricardo Pinheiro
	Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL)	Chico Alencar	Member of the Chamber of Deputies (2003–2019)		Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL)	1st alternate senator: Vanderleia Aguiar		500
						2nd alternate senator: Dodora Mota
	Democrats (DEM)	Cesar Maia	Member of the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro (2013–present)		Democrats (DEM)	1st alternate senator: Sergio Zveiter	Strength of Rio Democrats (DEM) Popular Socialist Party (PPS) Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) Progressistas (PP) Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) Solidariedade Green Party (PV) Christian Democracy (DC) Humanist Party of Solidarity (PHS) Avante Party of National Mobilization (PMN)	255
					Progressistas (PP)	2nd alternate senator: Alice Tamborindeguy
	Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB)	Aspásia Camargo	Member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (2011–2015)		Progressistas (PP)	1st alternate senator: Marco Magalhães		455
					Brazilian Labour Party (PTB)	2nd alternate senator: Jorge Rodino
	<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB)	Mattos Nascimento	Evangelical singer and songwriter		<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB)	1st alternate senator: Felipe Pereira	281
		2nd alternate senator: Djamim Ferreira
	<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Brazilian Woman's Party (PMB)	Gabrielle Burcci	Entrepreneur		<	-- NFCC violation removed -->Brazilian Woman's Party (PMB)	1st alternate senator: Sidclei Bernardo	355
		2nd alternate senator: Silvio Mallet
	Social Democratic Party (PSD)	Arolde de Oliveira	Member of the Chamber of Deputies (1984–2019)		Social Democratic Party (PSD)	1st alternate senator: Carlos Portinho	555
						2nd alternate senator: Renata Guerra

^{[14] [15]}

Candidacy denied

Party		Candidate	Most relevant political office or occupation	Party		Candidates for Alternate Senators	Coalition	Electoral number
	Workers' Cause Party (PCO)	Fernando Fagundes	University professor		Workers' Cause Party (PCO)	1st alternate senator: José Márcio Tavares	290
						2nd alternate senator: Carlos Guida

Results

PSC candidate Wilson Witzel secured 39 percent of the vote in the October 7.^[16] His nearest rival, DEM candidate Eduardo Paes, secured 21% of the vote. Both advanced to a second round runoff which was held on October 28. In the runoff, Witzel won the election after securing 59.87% of the vote to Paes' 40.13%^[17]

Legislative Assembly

Notes and References

1. Web site: Pezão é reeleito, e PMDB emplaca terceiro mandato à frente do governo do RJ. Uol. pt. Hanrrikson. de Andrade. 26 October 2014. 24 December 2017.
2. Web site: Governador do Espírito Santo pode ser candidato a governador do Rio. Diário do Rio. pt. Quintino. Gomes Freire. 17 September 2017. 24 December 2017.
3. Web site: Pesquisa mostra Crivella como favorito para governador em 2018. Diário do Rio. pt. Quintino. Gomes Freire. 16 July 2017. 24 December 2017.
4. Web site: Sérgio Besserman, irmão de Bussunda, pode ser candidato a governador do Rio. Diário do Rio. pt. 22 September 2017. 24 December 2017.
5. Web site: Omar Peres pode candidato a governador do Rio pelo PDT. Diário do Rio. pt. Quintino. Gomes Freire. 25 May 2017. 24 December 2017.
6. Web site: A preferência do PDT para governador do Rio. Veja. pt. Ernesto. Neves. 12 October 2017. 25 December 2017.
7. Web site: DEM pode ter Cesar Maia candidato ao governo e André Correa ao Senado. Diário do Rio. pt. Quintino. Gomes Freire. 28 September 2017. 24 December 2017.
8. Web site: Bernardinho assume que pode ser candidato a governador do Rio em 2018. Diário do Rio. pt. Quintino. Gomes Freire. 31 October 2017. 24 December 2017.
9. Web site: Por sonho de ingressar na política, Bandeira de Mello conversa com partidos sobre eleição ao Governo do Rio. Extra. pt. 18 June 2017. 25 December 2017.
10. Web site: Romário mudará para o PTN e PT já tem nome para governador do Rio. Gomes Freire. Quintino. 21 May 2017. Diário do Rio. pt. 24 December 2017.
11. News: Diretor do Viva Rio se filia ao PPS mirando governo do Rio. 2018-04-09. Folha de S.Paulo. 2018-07-30. pt-BR.
12. Web site: PMB - Partido da Mulher Brasileira. www.pmb.org.br. pt-br. 2018-07-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20180729013040/http://www.pmb.org.br/lancamento-da-pre-candidatura-ao-governo-do-estado-do-rio-de-janeiro-do-procurador-de-justica-mendelssohn-kieling/. 2018-07-29. dead.
13. News: PRP e PCdoB lançam seus candidatos ao governo do Rio. 2018-08-05. pt-pt. 2018-08-05. https://web.archive.org/web/20180805203332/http://www.destakjornal.com.br/cidades/rio-de-janeiro/detalhe/prp-e-pcdob-lancam-seus-candidatos-ao-governo-do-rio?ref=SEC_ultimos_ultima-hora. dead.
14. News: Candidatos ao Senado pelo RJ nas eleições de 2018: veja quem são. G1. 2018-08-08. pt-BR.
15. Web site: Os candidatos do Rio de Janeiro ao Senado em 2018 – Diário do Rio de Janeiro. diariodorio.com. 8 August 2018. pt-BR. 2018-08-12.
16. Web site: Google Translate.
17. News: Wilson Witzel, o ex-juiz que venceu a eleição de governador do Rio com discurso linha-dura. BBC News Brasil.