2018 Oklahoma elections explained
Election Name: | 2018 Oklahoma elections |
Country: | Oklahoma |
Type: | state |
Ongoing: | no |
Previous Election: | 2016 Oklahoma elections |
Previous Year: | 2016 |
Election Date: | November 6, 2018 |
Next Election: | 2020 Oklahoma elections |
Next Year: | 2020 |
The 2018 general election was held in the U.S. state of Oklahoma on November 6, 2018. All of Oklahoma's executive officers were up for election as well as the state's five seats in the United States House of Representatives, half of the 48 seats in the Oklahoma Senate and all 101 seats in the Oklahoma House, and five offices in each of Oklahoma's 77 counties. Voter turnout was 42.5% of the eligible population, a 12.6% increase over the 2014 midterms but still the third lowest in the nation.[1]
Due to Gary Johnson's results in the 2016 presidential election, the Oklahoma Libertarian Party had ballot status to run candidates in 2018.[2] This was the first time an alternative party has been able to participate in mid-term elections in the state since 1998. Five Independents, led in a loosely coordinated effort by former Oklahoma Democratic Party chair Ivan Holmes, were candidates for statewide executive offices.[3]
The ballot order was determined by random drawing for placement of candidates by party. Results of the drawing on July 12 were that Libertarian candidates would be placed first, Republicans second, and Democrats third.[4] By statute, Independents are always listed after partisan candidates.
State Constitutional Officers
Parties | Seats |
---|
2016 | 2018 | +/- | Strength |
---|
| Republican Party | align=right | 11 | align=right | 11 | align=right | | align=right | |
| Democratic Party | align=right | 0 | align=right | 0 | align=right | | align=right | | |
Governor
See main article: 2018 Oklahoma gubernatorial election. Incumbent Republican Governor Mary Fallin was term-limited and could not seek a third term.
Lieutenant governor
In Oklahoma, the governor and lieutenant governor are elected separately. Incumbent Republican lieutenant governor Todd Lamb was term-limited and could not seek a third term.
Republican primary
Declared
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Dana Murphy | Matt Pinnell | Undecided |
---|
Remington (R) | August 1–2, 2018 | 1,757 | ± 2.3% | align=center | 40% | 32% | 28% |
Right Strategy Group (R) | August 1–2, 2018 | 385 | ± 5.0% | align=center | 30% | 25% | align=center | 45% | |
Democratic primary
Declared
- Anastasia Pittman, Oklahoma State Senator from the 48th District[9]
- Anna Dearmore, 2016 Democratic candidate for District 16 of the Oklahoma House of Representatives[10]
Declined
Results
Independent
Declared
- Ivan Holmes, 2014 Democratic candidate for Oklahoma Superintendent of Public Instruction[12]
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Matt Pinnell (R) | Anastasia Pittman (D) | Ivan Holmes (I) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 46% | 32% | 8% | 14% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 49% | 31% | 5% | 15% |
|
Results
Attorney general
Election Name: | 2018 Oklahoma Attorney General election |
Country: | Oklahoma |
Type: | presidential |
Ongoing: | no |
Previous Election: | 2014 Oklahoma Attorney General election |
Previous Year: | 2014 |
Next Election: | 2022 Oklahoma Attorney General election |
Next Year: | 2022 |
Image1: | Michael J. Hunter.jpg |
Party1: | Republican Party (United States) |
Nominee1: | Mike Hunter |
Popular Vote1: | 750,769 |
Percentage1: | 64.0% |
Party2: | Democratic Party (United States) |
Nominee2: | Mark Myles |
Popular Vote2: | 421,699 |
Percentage2: | 36.0% |
Attorney General |
Before Election: | Mike Hunter |
Before Party: | Republican Party (US) |
After Election: | Mike Hunter |
After Party: | Republican Party (US) |
Incumbent Republican attorney general Scott Pruitt was term-limited and could not run for a third term. Pruitt resigned on February 17, 2017, upon being confirmed as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.[13]
Republican primary
Declared
Nominee
Eliminated in runoff
Eliminated in primary
- Angela Bonilla, attorney[16]
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Mike Hunter | Gentner Drummond | Undecided |
---|
Remington (R) | August 1–2, 2018 | 1,757 | ± 2.3% | align=center | 46% | 37% | 17% |
SoonerPoll | July 18–20, 2018 | 483 | ± 4.5% | align=center | 39% | 29% | 32% |
SoonerPoll | May 15–23, 2018 | 321 (LV) | ± 5.47% | 9.48% | align=center | 25.9% | 61.2% | |
Democratic primary
Declared
- Mark Myles, defense attorney[17] and 2010 candidate for US Senate.
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Mike Hunter (R) | Mark Myles (D) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 53% | 33% | 14% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 52% | 34% | 14% | |
Results
Treasurer
Election Name: | 2018 Oklahoma treasurer election |
Country: | Oklahoma |
Type: | presidential |
Ongoing: | no |
Previous Election: | 2014 Oklahoma treasurer election |
Previous Year: | 2014 |
Election Date: | November 6, 2018 |
Next Election: | 2022 Oklahoma treasurer election |
Next Year: | 2022 |
Nominee1: | Randy McDaniel |
Party1: | Republican Party (United States) |
Popular Vote1: | 779,657 |
Percentage1: | 71.6% |
Map Size: | 300px |
State Treasurer |
Before Election: | Ken A. Miller |
Before Party: | Republican Party (United States) |
After Election: | Randy McDaniel |
After Party: | Republican Party (United States) |
Nominee2: | Charles De Coune |
Party2: | Independent (United States) |
Popular Vote2: | 309,525 |
Percentage2: | 28.4% |
Incumbent Republican state treasurer Ken A. Miller was term-limited and could not run for a third term.
Republican primary
Declared
Independent
Declared
- Charles De Coune, Lending Manager at Oklahoma Water Resources Board[19]
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Randy McDaniel (R) | Charles de Coune (I) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 45% | 29% | 26% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 42% | 20% | 38% | |
Results
State Auditor and Inspector
Incumbent Republican State Auditor and Inspector Gary Jones was term-limited and could not run for a third term.
Republican primary
Declared
- Cindy Byrd, Deputy State Auditor[20]
- Charlie Prater, Businessman[21]
- John Uzzo, 2016 Democratic Oklahoma State Senate District 9 candidate
Polling
Libertarian primary
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Cindy Byrd (R) | John Yeutter (L) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 51% | 22% | 27% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 56% | 17% | 26% | |
Results
Superintendent of Public Instruction
Republican primary
Declared
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Joy Hofmeister | Linda Murphy | Undecided |
---|
Remington (R) | August 1–2, 2018 | 1,757 | ± 2.3% | align=center | 50% | 33% | 17% |
SoonerPoll | July 18–20, 2018 | 483 | ± 4.5% | align=center | 43% | 30% | 27% | |
Democratic primary
Declared
- John Cox, Peggs Public School Superintendent and Superintendent of Public Instruction nominee in 2014[24]
Independent
Declared
- Larry Huff, retired educator[25]
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Joy Hofmeister (R) | John Cox (D) | Larry Huff (I) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 45% | 33% | 11% | 11% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 51% | 31% | 9% | 9% | |
Results
Commissioner of Insurance
Incumbent Republican Insurance Commissioner John D. Doak was term-limited and could not run for a third term.
Republican primary
Declared
Results
Democratic primary
Declared
- Kimberly Fobbs, former member of Oklahoma's Judicial Nominating Commission[28]
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Glen Mulready (R) | Kimberly Fobbs (D) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 46% | 33% | 21% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 42% | 33% | 25% | |
Results
Commissioner of Labor
Republican labor commissioner Mark Costello, who was re-elected to a second term in 2014, was fatally stabbed on August 23, 2015.[29] Attorney General Scott Pruitt's chief of staff Melissa Houston was appointed to serve for the remainder of the term, but pledged that she would not run for election in 2018.[30]
Republican primary
Declared
Declined
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Cathy Costello | Leslie Osborn | Undecided |
---|
Remington (R) | August 1–2, 2018 | 1,757 | ± 2.3% | align=center | 40% | 32% | 28% |
SoonerPoll | July 18–20, 2018 | 483 | ± 4.5% | align=center | 32% | 22% | align=center | 46% | |
Democratic primary
Declared
- Fred Dorrell, Human Resources Labor Specialist for Spirit AeroSystems[35]
- Sam A Mis-Soum, CVO at Mossad Industries Inc.[36]
Results
Independent
Declared
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Leslie Osborn (R) | Fred Dorrell (D) | Brandt Dismukes (I) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 46% | 28% | 9% | 17% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 49% | 26% | 6% | 19% | |
Results
Corporation commissioner
One of the three seats on the Oklahoma Corporation Commission was up for election. Incumbent Republican commissioner Bob Anthony, the chairman of the commission, ran for re-election to a sixth six-year term in office.
Republican primary
Declared
- Bob Anthony - incumbent corporation commissioner
- Brian Bingman - former president pro tempore of the Oklahoma State Senate
Polling
Democratic primary
Declared
- Blake Cummings, oil and gas field sales analyst
- Ashley Nicole McCray
- Ken Reich, retired educator
- Beau Williams, attorney[38]
Primary Runoff Results
Independent
Declared
- Jackie Short, attorney[39]
General election
Polling
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Bob Anthony (R) | Ashley Nicole McCray (D) | Jackie Short (I) | Undecided |
---|
SoonerPoll | October 23–25, 2018 | 447 | ± 4.6% | align=center | 51% | 30% | 8% | 12% |
SoonerPoll | September 5–10, 2018 | 407 | ± 4.9% | align=center | 48% | 30% | 9% | 15% | |
Results
Congress
United States House of Representatives
See main article: 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma.
Oklahoma's five seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election in 2018.
Parties | Seats |
---|
2016 | 2018 | +/- | Strength |
---|
| Republican Party | align=right | 5 | align=right | 4 | align=right | 1 | align=right | |
| Democratic Party | align=right | 0 | align=right | 1 | align=right | 1 | align=right | | |
State legislature
The 2018 state legislative elections saw a record 8 Republican incumbents lose their primaries.[40]
Senate
Parties | Seats |
---|
2016 | 2018 | +/- | Strength |
---|
| Republican Party | align=right | 42 | align=right | 38 | align=right | 3 | align=right | 39 |
| Democratic Party | align=right | 6 | align=right | 8 | align=right | 3 | align=right | 9 | |
House of Representatives
Parties | Seats |
---|
2016 | 2018 | +/- | Strength |
---|
| Republican Party | align=right | 75 | align=right | 76 | align=right | 1 | align=right | |
| Democratic Party | align=right | 26 | align=right | 25 | align=right | 1 | align=right | | |
State questions
State questions are ballot propositions to proposed either a legislative measure or an amendment to the Oklahoma Constitution. State questions are filed with the Oklahoma Secretary of State by either order of the legislature (termed a "legislative referendum") or directly by the people of Oklahoma (termed an "initiative petition").[41] The secretary of state assigns a number to the state question and notifies the State Election Board of the propositions submission. The governor, by executive proclamation, sets the election date for submission of the state questions to the people.
State Question 788
See main article: 2018 Oklahoma State Question 788.
Oklahoma State Question 788 was an initiative petition which sought to legalize the licensed use, sale, and growth of marijuana in Oklahoma for medical purposes.[42]
State Question 793
Oklahoma State Question 793 was an initiative petition which sought to amend the Oklahoma Constitution to allow optometrists to practice within a mercantile establishment.[43]
State Question 794
Oklahoma State Question 794 was a legislative referendum which sought to amend the Oklahoma Constitution to expand the rights of victims of crime.[44]
State Question 798
Oklahoma State Question 798 was a legislative referendum which sought to amend the Oklahoma Constitution to provide that the governor and lieutenant governor be jointly elected.[45]
State Question 800
Oklahoma State Question 800 was a legislative referendum which sought to amend the Oklahoma Constitution to create a new trust fund consisting of a portion of all taxes collected against the extraction of oil and gas resources.[46]
State Question 801
Oklahoma State Question 801 was a legislative referendum which sought to amend the Oklahoma Constitution to allow voters within a local school district to expand the permissible use of property taxes to include school operations rather than just for school buildings.[47]
External links
- Official Lieutenant Governor campaign websites
- Official Attorney General campaign websites
- Official State Treasurer campaign websites
- Official State Auditor and Inspector campaign websites
- Official Superintendent of Public Instruction campaign websites
- Official Commissioner of Insurance campaign websites
- Official Commissioner of Labor campaign websites
- Official Corporation Commissioner campaign websites
Notes and References
- Web site: Archived copy . 2019-03-18 . 2019-03-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190320222141/https://www.nonprofitvote.org/documents/2019/03/america-goes-polls-2018.pdf/ . dead .
- Web site: Libertarian Party makes historic strides in Oklahoma, U.S. elections. 11 November 2016. reddirtreport.com. 16 February 2017. 11 August 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170811005622/http://www.reddirtreport.com/election-central/libertarian-party-makes-historic-strides-oklahoma-us-elections. live.
- Web site: State office independents running as a team on open government. 2 September 2018. 21 December 2018. 17 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190117134245/https://newsok.com/article/5606704/state-office-independents-running-as-a-team-on-open-government. live.
- Web site: Oklahoma Ballot Order Lottery puts Libertarian Party on Top Line in November 2018 Election | Ballot Access News. 2018-07-18. 2018-07-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234511/http://ballot-access.org/2018/07/15/oklahoma-ballot-order-lottery-puts-libertarian-party-on-top-line-in-november-2018-election/. live.
- Web site: Eddie Fields – for Lieutenant Governor. electeddiefields.com. 2018-05-26. 2018-06-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20180604074031/http://electeddiefields.com/. live.
- Web site: A building BLOCK for Oklahoma, a building BLOCK for the future!. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20180615073553/http://block4okltgov.com/. Jun 15, 2018. block4okltgov.com.
- Web site: Dana Murphy for Lieutenant Governor. www.danamurphy.com. 2018-05-26. 2018-06-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140527/https://www.danamurphy.com/. live.
- Web site: Matt Pinnell For Lt. Governor. Matt Pinnell for Lieutenant Governor. October 2021. 2018-05-26. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527204648/https://mattpinnell.com/meet-matt/. live.
- Web site: Anastasia Pittman - Ballotpedia. ballotpedia.org. 2018-05-26. 2018-11-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20181107173643/https://ballotpedia.org/Anastasia_Pittman. live.
- Web site: Anna Dearmore - Ballotpedia. ballotpedia.org. 2018-05-26. 2018-11-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20181108010425/https://ballotpedia.org/Anna_Dearmore. live.
- Web site: McPeak considers running for lieutenant governor. D.E.. Smoot. muskogeephoenix.com. 2016-10-31. 2017-05-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20170510155059/http://www.muskogeephoenix.com/news/mcpeak-considers-running-for-lieutenant-governor/article_5f850ac7-212d-5e81-91f4-cd6470b4f814.html. live.
- Web site: Candidate Filings, 2018. www.ok.gov. 2018-05-26. 2020-11-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20201125230443/https://www.ok.gov/elections/support/ok_filing_2018.html#GOV. live.
- News: Chakraborty . Barnini . Pruitt narrowly confirmed to head EPA over Democratic objections . 22 July 2022 . Fox News . 17 February 2017.
- Web site: Home - Mike Hunter. Mike Hunter. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527123914/https://mikehunterok.com/. live.
- Web site: Gentner Drummond Throws Hat In For OK Attorney General. 11 April 2018. theokie.com. 27 May 2018. 27 May 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527120757/http://www.theokie.com/gentner-drummond-throws-hat-in-for-ok-attorney-general/. live.
- Web site: Angela Bonilla for Attorney General. Angela Bonilla for Attorney General. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527201413/http://angelabonillaforattorneygeneral.com/. live.
- Web site: News 9 Poll Offers Early Look At Front-Runners in AG, Lt. Gov Races. Ryan. Welton. news9.com. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527040829/http://www.news9.com/story/38256085/news-9-poll-offers-early-look-at-front-runners-in-ag-lt-gov-races. live.
- Web site: State Rep. Randy McDaniel announces for state treasurer . James Coburn - The Edmond Sun . edmondsun.com . 2017-08-04 . 2017-07-12 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170712171125/http://www.edmondsun.com/news/state-rep-randy-mcdaniel-announces-for-state-treasurer/article_ef5a448c-6663-11e7-930d-8f4b98b245de.html . live .
- Web site: Charles de Coune for Oklahoma State Treasurer. www.facebook.com. 2018-05-27. 2022-02-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20220214220245/https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FCharles4OK%2F%3Fhc_ref%3DARSgI938VX7KOqJpQEHWS046Jo641PotD8WiWj65wtaxGr7265JjwOOJ5JZRrS6eSRY. live.
- Web site: Cindy Byrd for State Auditor. Cindy Byrd for State Auditor. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527201408/https://www.cindybyrd.com/. live.
- Web site: About Charlie - Charlie Prater. charlieforauditor.com. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527201530/http://charlieforauditor.com/about-charlie/. live.
- Web site: John Yeutter for Oklahoma State Auditor and Inspector. John Yeutter for Oklahoma State Auditor and Inspector. 2018-02-21. 2018-02-22. https://web.archive.org/web/20180222043829/http://yeutter4ok.com/. live.
- Web site: Vote Linda Murphy for State Superintendent - Vote Linda Murphy State Superintendent. Vote Linda Murphy State Superintendent. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527201334/https://votelindamurphy.com/. 2018-05-27. dead.
- Web site: Superintendent race shaping up to be repeat of 2014. 14 January 2018. newsok.com. 27 May 2018. 29 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180429100953/http://newsok.com/article/5579268/superintendent-race-shaping-up-to-be-repeat-of-2014. live.
- Web site: Surprise Candidates Challenge Hofmeister in Superintendent's Race. oklahomawatch.org. 19 April 2018. 27 May 2018. 27 May 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527121756/http://oklahomawatch.org/2018/04/19/surprise-candidates-challenge-hofmeister-in-superintendents-race/. live.
- Web site: Donald Chasteen 2018 for Oklahoma Insurance Commissioner. Donald Chasteen 2018 for Oklahoma Insurance Commissioner. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527201458/https://donaldchasteen2018.com/. live.
- Web site: Mulready. glenmulready.com. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527120738/https://www.glenmulready.com/. live.
- Web site: Meet Kimberly - Kimberly Fobbs for Oklahoma Insurance Commissioner. kimberlyfobbs.com. 2018-05-27. 2018-06-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612155805/https://kimberlyfobbs.com/meet-kimberly/. live.
- Web site: Oklahoma Labor Commissioner Mark Costello fatally stabbed by son, police say. CNN. Holly Yan and Amanda Watts. August 24, 2015. August 24, 2015. August 24, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150824075357/http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/24/us/oklahoma-labor-commissioner/index.html. live.
- Web site: Melissa McLawhorn Houston Appointed Oklahoma Labor Commissioner. News on 6 Tulsa. November 10, 2015. September 6, 2016. September 11, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160911180812/http://www.newson6.com/story/30483540/governor-appoints-melissa-mclawhorn-houston-as-oklahomas-labor-commissioner. live.
- Web site: Editorial: Cathy Costello for Labor Comm.. Tulsa Beacon. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20180528052217/http://tulsabeacon.com/cathy-costello-for-labor-comm/. live.
- Web site: Leslie Osborn for Labor Commissioner. www.facebook.com. 2018-05-27. 2019-08-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20190810100721/https://www.facebook.com/ImWithLeslie. live.
- Web site: Labor Omnia Vincit: A Republican labor commissioner candidate debate. Amy. Stinnett. 15 May 2018. nondoc.com. 27 May 2018. 28 May 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180528133644/https://nondoc.com/2018/05/15/labor-commissioner-debate-announcement/. live.
- Web site: Plenty to do as Houston enters final session as OK labor commissioner . Caleb Slinkard . normantranscript.com . 2018-05-27 . 2018-02-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180219075602/http://www.normantranscript.com/news/government/plenty-to-do-as-houston-enters-final-session-as-ok/article_2b7ab3d8-32da-5185-aa4b-a8c28b41c412.html . live .
- Web site: Oklahoma Labor Commissioner 2018 - United States - VoteDorrell HOME. Oklahoma Labor Commissioner 2018 - United States - VoteDorrell HOME. 2018-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20180528052559/https://www.freddorrell.com/meet-fred. 2018-05-28. dead.
- Web site: Sam A Mis-soum. www.facebook.com. 2018-05-27. 2021-06-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20210609160048/https://www.facebook.com/OklahomaCommissionerOfLabor. live.
- Web site: Crowded fields in many races. Nathan. Thompson. examiner-enterprise.com. 2018-05-27. 2018-05-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20180528053843/http://www.examiner-enterprise.com/news/20180417/crowded-fields-in-many-races. live.
- Web site: Taking issue: Democrats run for corporation commission have no shortage of things to talk about . 2018-06-10 . 2018-12-21 . 2018-06-12 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612231605/https://newsok.com/article/5597492/taking-issue-democrats-run-for-corporation-commission-have-no-shortage-of-things-to-talk-about . live .
- Web site: Jackie Short, lawyer and citizen, runs as an Independent for Corporation Commissioner. 2018-12-21. 2018-12-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20181221230542/http://city-sentinel.com/2018/09/jackie-short-lawyer-and-citizen-runs-as-an-independent-for-corporation-commissioner/. live.
- News: Krehbiel . Randy . Political notebook: Dark money group agrees to $45,000 in fines and fees . 21 May 2023 . . May 13, 2023.
- Web site: Outline of the Oklahoma Initiative and Referendum Petition Process. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100528103708/https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/petition_process.aspx . 2010-05-28 . 2021-01-17. Oklahoma Secretary of State.
- Web site: Search State Questions - 788. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100528083328/https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/questions.aspx . 2010-05-28 . 2020-01-17. Oklahoma Secretary of State.
- Web site: Search State Questions - 793. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100528083328/https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/questions.aspx . 2010-05-28 . 2020-01-17. Oklahoma Secretary of State.
- Web site: Search State Questions - 794. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100528083328/https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/questions.aspx . 2010-05-28 . 2020-01-17. Oklahoma Secretary of State.
- Web site: Search State Questions - 798. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100528083328/https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/questions.aspx . 2010-05-28 . Oklahoma Secretary of State.
- Web site: Search State Questions - 800. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100528083328/https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/questions.aspx . 2010-05-28 . 2020-01-17. Oklahoma Secretary of State.
- Web site: Search State Questions - 801. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100528083328/https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/questions.aspx . 2010-05-28 . 2020-01-17. Oklahoma Secretary of State.