2018 National People's Congress Explained

Status:	inactive
Chinese:	第十三届全国人民代表大会第一次会议
Pinyin:	Dì-shísān Jiè Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì Dì-yīcì Huìyì
Year:	2018
Session:	1st
#:	13th
Term-Begin:	5 March
Term-End:	20 March
Pz:	Xi Jinping
Pzterm:	14 March 2013
Pm:	Li Keqiang
Pmterm:	15 March 2013
Ch:	Zhang Dejiang
Chterm:	14 March 2013
Pze:	Xi Jinping
Pzeterm:	17 March 2018
Pme:	Li Keqiang
Pmeterm:	18 March 2018
Che:	Li Zhanshu
Cheterm:	17 March 2018
Website:	2018 NPC official website
Lastyear:	2017
Nextyear:	2019

The 2018 National People's Congress, or the First Session of the 13th National People's Congress, was held in March 2018 at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China. The session opened on 5 March^[1] and concluded on 20 March.^[2] Major state positions were elected in this session.

The Chinese Communist Party proposed amending the Constitution, for the first time after 2004,^[3] including writing Scientific Outlook on Development and Xi Jinping Thought into the Preamble,^[4] and removing the provision that the President and Vice President "shall serve no more than two consecutive terms" from the Constitution.^[5] Amending the Constitution of China requires a majority vote of two-thirds of all the deputies to the Congress.^[6] On 11 March 2018, the Congress passed the amendment in the third plenary meeting of this session,^[7] attended by 2,964 out of 2,980 deputies, with 2,958 votes for, two against, three abstaining, and one void.^{[8] [9]}

On 17 March 2018, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, was unanimously re-elected as the President of the People's Republic of China and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission,^[10] and Li Zhanshu was elected as the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.^[11]

Li Keqiang was nominated as the Premier by President Xi Jinping and approved by the Congress on 18 March 2018.^[12] Han Zheng, Sun Chunlan, Hu Chunhua and Liu He are nominated as the Vice Premiers by Premier Li Keqiang and approved by the Congress on 19 March 2018.^[13]

Voting results

See main article: List of voting results of the National People's Congress.

State positions

NPCSC Chairman Election				NPCSC Secretary-general Election
Candidates	For	Against	Abstain	Candidates	For	Against	Abstain
Li Zhanshu	2980	0	0	Yang Zhenwu	2980	0	0
Presidential Election				Vice-Presidential Election
Candidates	For	Against	Abstain	Candidates	For	Against	Abstain
Xi Jinping	2980	0	0	Wang Qishan	2969	1	0
NPCSC Vice-Chairmen Election				NSC Director Election
Candidates	For	Against	Abstain	Candidates	For	Against	Abstain
Wang Chen	2980	0	0	Yang Xiaodu	2969	1	0
	2980	0	0
	2979	1	0
	2979	1	0
	2980	0	0
	2980	0	0
	2980	0	0
	2980	0	0	Liu Yuan	2	0	0
	2979	1	0
	2980	0	0
	2978	1	1
	2980	0	0
	2979	1	0
	2980	0	0
Premierial Election				Vice-Premierial Election
Li Keqiang	2964	2	0		2976	4	0
					2956	5	8
					2979	0	1
					2964	3	2
CMC Chairmanship Election				CMC Vice-Chairmanship Election
Candidates	For	Against	Abstain	Candidates	For	Against	Abstain
Xi Jinping	2980	0	0		2962	0	4
					2963	2	1
Supreme Court President Election				Procurator-general Election
Candidates	For	Against	Abstain	Candidates	For	Against	Abstain
	2956	5	5		2951	5	10

Resolutions

Topic	For	Against	Abstain	Rate
Premier Li Keqiang's Government Work Report	2,956	3	3	99.80%
State Council Institutional Reform Plan	2,966	2	2	99.87%
Report on the Implementation of the 2017 National Economic and Social Development Plan and the 2018 Draft Plan	2,902	41	19	97.97%
Report on the Execution of the Central and Local Budgets for 2017 and on the Draft Central and Local Budgets for 2018	2,838	87	37	95.81%
Amendment to the Constitution	2,958	2	3	99.83%
Supervision Law	2,914	28	18	98.45%
Chairman Zhang Dejiang's NPCSC Work Report	2,922	22	18	98.65%
Chief Justice Zhou Qiang's Supreme People's Court Work Report	2,806	132	23	94.77%
Procurator-General Cao Jianming's Supreme People's Procuratorate Work Report	2,781	138	43	93.89%

Elected Members

Below is the number of deputies elected from each delegation.

Constituency	Communist	Jiusan	DL	CNDCA	CAPD	Peasants and Workers	Left Kuomintang	Zhi Gong	Taiwan League	Independent	Total
	style='background:;'		style='background:;'		style='background:;'		style='background:;'		style='background:;'			style='background:;'		style='background:;'		style='background:;'		style='background:;'		style='background:;'
	75	3	3	3	2	4	2	3	0	17	112
	32	2	1	2	3	1	1	2	0	10	54
	43	1	1	4	1	1	1	1	0	7	60
	44	1	2	1	3	2	2	1	3	10	69
	40	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	11	53
	112	4	1	2	1	2	1	2	1	35	161
	61	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	0	15	89
	53	1	1	2	3	1	1	1	0	9	72
	22	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	25
	78	4	5	3	2	4	2	0	0	26	124
	67	1	3	3	1	1	1	0	0	14	91
	126	3	4	5	2	2	3	3	0	23	171
	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	36	36
	91	3	2	3	5	3	1	1	1	8	118
	76	3	1	1	2	2	2	2	0	28	117
	47	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	4	57
	107	1	5	4	4	1	1	3	1	22	149
	61	2	3	2	2	2	2	0	0	6	80
	51	1	1	1	2	1	3	0	0	3	63
	72	6	3	0	2	4	0	2	0	12	101
	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	12
	16	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	4	21
	294	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	294
	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	20
	49	2	2	2	2	2	2	1	0	5	67
	123	7	4	5	4	2	5	4	0	20	174
	38	3	4	1	1	2	1	1	1	6	58
	51	2	1	1	1	2	2	0	0	9	69
	104	5	5	3	4	6	2	4	0	14	147
	5	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	4	3	13
	27	1	1	1	1	1	2	2	0	5	41
	18	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	19
	49	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	10	60
	63	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	22	90
	65	4	1	2	3	3	1	1	0	13	93
Total	2,175	64	58	56	54	54	44	38	11	426	2,980

Source:^[14]

Notes and References

1. Web site: China's national legislature starts annual session. National People's Congress. 5 March 2018. 5 March 2018. 6 March 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180306082921/http://www.npc.gov.cn/englishnpc/news/Events/2018-03/05/content_2041665.htm. dead.
2. Web site: China's national legislature holds closing meeting . https://web.archive.org/web/20180320050833/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/20/c_137051610.htm. dead. March 20, 2018. Xinhuanet. 20 March 2018. 20 March 2018.
3. Web site: China to drop presidential term limits, clearing way for Xi Jinping to stay on . CNN.com. 25 February 2018. 25 February 2018.
4. Web site: Xi Jinping thought proposed to be included in Constitution . https://web.archive.org/web/20180225120051/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-02/25/c_136999028.htm. dead. February 25, 2018. Xinhuanet. 25 February 2018. 25 February 2018.
5. Web site: China Focus: Proposed constitutional amendment package unveiled . https://web.archive.org/web/20180225185928/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-02/25/c_136999410.htm. dead. February 25, 2018. Xinhuanet. 25 February 2018. 25 February 2018.
6. Article 64 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China.
7. Web site: China's national legislature adopts constitutional amendment . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311115605/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/11/c_137031606.htm. dead. March 11, 2018. Xinhuanet. 11 March 2018. 11 March 2018.
8. Web site: 十三届全国人大一次会议举行第三次全体会议. Sina.com.cn. 11 March 2018. 11 March 2018. zh.
9. Web site: 習近平可延任到2023年後！人大修憲2958票通過 僅2票反對. Ettoday.net. 12 March 2018. 12 March 2018. zh.
10. Web site: China Focus: Xi Jinping unanimously elected Chinese president, CMC chairman. https://web.archive.org/web/20180318081101/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/17/c_137046238.htm. dead. March 18, 2018. Xinhuanet. 17 March 2018. 18 March 2018.
11. Web site: Li Zhanshu elected chairman of NPC Standing Committee. https://web.archive.org/web/20180317074547/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/17/c_137045134.htm. dead. March 17, 2018. Xinhuanet. 17 March 2018. 18 March 2018.
12. Web site: Li Keqiang endorsed as Chinese premier. https://web.archive.org/web/20180318095006/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/18/c_137047720.htm. dead. March 18, 2018. Xinhuanet. 18 March 2018. 18 March 2018.
13. Web site: Quick look at China's new cabinet lineup. https://web.archive.org/web/20180319105513/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/19/c_137049460.htm. dead. March 19, 2018. Xinhuanet. 19 March 2018. 19 March 2018.
14. Web site: Demographics of the 13th NPC (Updated). npcobserver. 1 March 2018. 22 June 2021.