2018 Georgia gubernatorial election explained

Election Name:2018 Georgia gubernatorial election
Country:Georgia (U.S. state)
Type:presidential
Ongoing:No
Turnout:56.80% 14.55pp
Previous Election:2014 Georgia gubernatorial election
Previous Year:2014
Next Election:2022 Georgia gubernatorial election
Next Year:2022
Election Date:November 6, 2018
Image1:File:David Perdue and Brian Kemp (cropped) (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Brian Kemp
Party1:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:1,978,408
Percentage1:50.22%
Nominee2:Stacey Abrams
Party2:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:1,923,685
Percentage2:48.83%
Governor
Before Election:Nathan Deal
Before Party:Republican Party (United States)
After Election:Brian Kemp
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

The 2018 Georgia gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 2018, concurrently with other statewide and local elections to elect the next governor of the U.S. state of Georgia. Republican Secretary of State Brian Kemp won the election, defeating Democratic former State Representative Stacey Abrams.

The primary elections were held on May 22, 2018, and a primary runoff was held on July 24, 2018, between Republican candidates Kemp and Lieutenant Governor Casey Cagle; Kemp prevailed. Incumbent Republican governor Nathan Deal was term-limited and thus could not seek a third consecutive term. Abrams won the Democratic primary with over 75% of the vote, allowing her to avoid a runoff. Kemp was the sitting Secretary of State at the time of the election. Kemp's position led to accusations of a conflict of interest, as Kemp oversaw the administration of an election in which he was the candidate.

On November 7, Kemp declared victory over Abrams. The following morning, Kemp resigned as Secretary of State.[1] On November 16, every county certified their votes with Kemp leading by roughly 55,000 votes.[2] Shortly after the election certification, Abrams suspended her campaign; she accepted Kemp as the legal winner of the election while refusing to say that the election was legitimate.[3] [4] Abrams has since claimed numerous[5] instances of election activity that allegedly unfairly affected the results. Following the election, Abrams and her organization Fair Fight filed a number of lawsuits challenging the constitutionality and Voting Rights Act compliance of Georgia's voting laws.[6]

Kemp prevailed by 54,723 votes, defeating Abrams 50.2–48.8%. Georgia's 2018 gubernatorial election was its closest governor's race since 1966.[7] Kemp was re-elected governor in 2022 in a rematch with Abrams.

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominated

Eliminated in the runoff

Eliminated in the primary

Withdrew

Declined

First round

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Casey
Cagle		Hunter
Hill		Brian
Kemp		Clay
Tippins		Michael
Williams		OtherUndecided
Opinion SavvyMay 15–16, 2018515± 4.3% align=center31%14% align=center20%12%5%4%15%
SurveyUSAMay 10–15, 2018558± 5.1% align=center35%10% align=center17%8%3%– align=center27%
University of GeorgiaApril 19–26, 2018507± 4.4% align=center41%9% align=center10%4%3%1%[29] align=center33%
Meeting Street Research (R-Citizens for Georgia's Future)March 1 and 3–4, 2018500± 4.4% align=center38% align=center10% align=center10%3%2%3%[30] align=center35%
Clarion Research (R-Hill)March 2–3, 2018547± 4.5% align=center48% align=center21%15%8%7%––
Mason-DixonFebruary 20–23, 2018500± 4.5% align=center27%11% align=center13%12%5%1%[31] align=center31%
Meeting Street Research (R-Citizens for Georgia's Future)February 6–7, 2018500± 4.4% align=center31%7% align=center12%5%2%3% align=center40%
The Wickers Group (R-Kemp)October 21–24, 2017400± 4.5% align=center34%1% align=center13%0%1%– align=center48%
Landmark/Rosetta StoneOctober 16–17, 2017800± 3.5% align=center35% align=center9%7%1%4%– align=center44%
McLaughlin & Associates (R-Cagle)September 28 – October 1, 2017600± 4.0% align=center41%4% align=center12%2%3%– align=center39%

Results

Runoff

Casey Cagle and Brian Kemp advanced to a runoff on July 24, 2018, since neither candidate amassed over 50% of the vote in the May 22 primary.[32] On July 18, 2018, President Trump tweeted his support for Kemp, and Vice President Pence traveled to Georgia to campaign with him on July 20, 2018.[33]

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Casey
Cagle		Brian
Kemp		Undecided
Trafalgar Group (R)July 21–22, 20181,177± 2.7%41% align=center59%0%
SurveyUSAJuly 15–19, 2018688± 4.7%34% align=center40%26%
Opinion SavvyJuly 17–18, 2018466± 4.5%37% align=center55%8%
University of GeorgiaJuly 5–12, 2018769± 3.5%41% align=center44%15%
Public Opinion Strategies (R-Kemp)June 26–28, 2018500± 4.0%45%45%–
CygnalJune 26–27, 2018812± 3.4% align=center44%43%14%
Rosetta StoneJune 7, 2018400± 4.9% align=center48%41%12%
McLaughlin & Associates (R-Cagle)May 29–31, 2018500± 4.5% align=center52%42%5%
Public Opinion Strategies (R-Kemp)May 29–31, 2018600± 4.0% align=center46%45%9%

Results

Brian Kemp easily won the runoff by nearly 40 points despite the latest polls having him up by no more than 18. Cagle won only two counties, Monroe and Stephens.[34]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominated

Eliminated in the primary

Declined

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Stacey
Abrams		Stacey
Evans		Undecided
Opinion SavvyMay 15–16, 2018522± 4.3% align=center58%19%23%
SurveyUSAMay 10–15, 2018475± 6.2% align=center43%24%33%
20/20 Insight (D-Evans)May 9–15, 2018433± 5.4% align=center42%34%25%
University of GeorgiaApril 12–18, 2018473± 4.5% align=center33%15% align=center52%
Mason-DixonFebruary 20–23, 2018500± 4.5% align=center29%17% align=center54%

Results

Libertarian primary

Candidates

Declared

Withdrew

General election

If no candidate had gained a simple majority of the votes in the general election, a runoff election between the top two candidates would have been held on December 4, 2018.[52]

Debates

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political Report[54] October 26, 2018
The Washington Post[55] November 5, 2018
FiveThirtyEight[56] November 5, 2018
Rothenberg Political Report[57] November 1, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[58] November 5, 2018
RealClearPolitics[59] November 4, 2018
Daily Kos[60] November 5, 2018
Fox News[61] November 5, 2018
Politico[62] November 5, 2018
Governing[63] November 5, 2018

Graphical summary

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Brian
Kemp (R)		Stacey
Abrams (D)		Ted
Metz (L)		OtherUndecided
The Trafalgar Group (R)October 30 – November 3, 20182,171± 2.1% align=center52%40%–4%4%
20/20 Insight (D-Southern Majority)October 31 – November 2, 2018614± 4.0%46% align=center50%1%–3%
Emerson CollegeOctober 29–31, 2018724± 3.7% align=center49%47%1%–2%
Cygnal (R)October 27–30, 2018504± 4.4% align=center49%47%4%–0%
University of GeorgiaOctober 21–30, 20181,091± 3.0%47%47%2%–5%
Opinion SavvyOctober 28–29, 2018623± 3.9%47% align=center48%2%–3%
Opinion SavvyOctober 21–22, 2018824± 3.4%48%48%1%–3%
Marist CollegeOctober 14–18, 2018554 LV± 4.8% align=center46%45%4%<1%4%
align=center49%47%–1%4%
864 RV± 3.8%44% align=center46%4%<1%6%
47%47%–1%5%
IpsosOctober 4–11, 20181,088± 3.4% align=center47%46%2%1%4%
University of GeorgiaSeptember 30 – October 9, 20181,232± 2.8% align=center48%46%2%–4%
SurveyUSAOctober 3–8, 2018655± 4.9% align=center47%45%–2%6%
Public Policy Polling (D-Georgia Engaged)October 5–6, 2018729± 3.0%46%46%––7%
Landmark CommunicationsOctober 1, 2018964± 3.2% align=center48%46%2%–3%
SurveyMonkeySeptember 9–24, 20181,955± 3.0%43%43%––14%
Garin-Hart-Yang (D-Abrams) September 17–20, 2018603± 4.1%42% align=center48%3%–7%
University of GeorgiaAugust 26 – September 4, 20181,020± 3.1%45%45%2%–8%
Gravis MarketingJuly 27–29, 2018650± 3.8%44% align=center46%––10%
SurveyUSAJuly 15–19, 20181,199± 4.3% align=center46%44%––10%
Garin-Hart-Yang (D-Abrams)May 23–25, 2018601± 4.0%40% align=center49%–––
Mason-DixonFebruary 20–23, 2018625± 4.0%37% align=center40%––23%
with Casey Cagle
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Casey
Cagle (R)		Stacey
Abrams (D)		Undecided
SurveyUSAJuly 15–19, 20181,199± 4.3% align=center45%43%12%
Garin-Hart-Yang (D-Abrams)May 23–25, 2018601± 4.0%43% align=center48%–
SurveyUSAMay 10–15, 20182,339± 3.5% align=center46%41%14%
Mason-DixonFebruary 20–23, 2018625± 4.0% align=center45%39%16%
with Clay Tippins
with Hunter Hill
with Stacey Evans
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Casey
Cagle (R)		Stacey
Evans (D)		Undecided
SurveyUSAMay 10–15, 20182,339± 3.5% align=center45%41%13%
Mason-DixonFebruary 20–23, 2018625± 4.0% align=center47%38%15%
with Casey Cagle
with Brian Kemp

Results

Results by county

All results from the office of the Secretary of State of Georgia.[64]

County Brian Kemp
Republican 		Stacey Abrams
Democratic 		Ted Metz
Libertarian 		Total
votes
%%%
Appling79.72%5,42819.94%1,3580.34%236,809
Atkinson74.39%1,87625.26%6370.36%92,522
Bacon86.71%3,32112.77%4890.52%203,830
Baker58.24%75341.38%5350.39%51,293
Baldwin49.47%7,73549.84%7,7930.69%10815,636
Banks89.75%6,1509.41%6450.83%576,852
Barrow73.57%20,16225.18%6,9001.25%34327,405
Bartow76.09%28,42522.82%8,5241.10%41037,359
Ben Hill63.80%3,53935.75%1,9830.45%255,547
Berrien85.00%5,31414.40%9000.61%386,252
Bibb38.27%23,22561.07%37,0660.66%40160,692
Bleckley78.52%3,81620.62%1,0020.86%424,860
Brantley91.29%5,1988.10%4610.61%355,694
Brooks61.36%3,51138.24%2,1880.40%235,722
Bryan70.12%10,50728.78%4,3131.10%16514,985
Bulloch62.69%14,84836.44%8,6300.87%20523,683
Burke50.57%4,41048.95%4,2690.48%428,721
Butts71.74%6,35827.65%2,4510.61%548,863
Calhoun42.65%81057.08%1,0840.26%51,899
Camden65.29%11,13933.57%5,7271.14%19517,061
Candler72.34%2,56027.21%9630.45%163,539
Carroll69.79%29,20429.11%12,1801.10%45941,843
Catoosa79.47%18,88119.32%4,5901.21%28723,758
Charlton75.08%2,53424.36%8220.56%193,375
Chatham40.01%41,42558.97%61,0591.02%1,059103,543
Chattahoochee54.57%60344.71%4940.72%81,105
Chattooga79.85%5,93619.44%1,4450.71%537,434
Cherokee72.08%76,70026.36%28,0471.56%1,664106,411
Clarke28.56%12,36570.27%30,4271.18%51043,402
Clay45.19%53654.13%6420.67%81,186
Clayton11.79%10,86887.81%80,9710.40%37392,212
Clinch76.04%1,71723.65%5340.31%72,258
Cobb44.53%138,85254.12%168,7671.35%4,195311,814
Coffee70.78%8,92928.78%3,6300.44%5612,615
Colquitt75.83%9,83023.56%3,0540.61%7912,963
Columbia66.44%40,94732.49%20,0231.08%66461,634
Cook70.93%4,11628.73%1,6670.34%205,803
Coweta69.69%40,47129.12%16,9081.19%69258,071
Crawford72.86%3,59526.39%1,3020.75%374,934
Crisp63.05%4,44536.55%2,5770.40%287,050
Dade82.53%4,50816.18%8841.28%705,462
Dawson85.94%9,95313.12%1,5190.94%10911,581
Decatur60.05%5,49239.53%3,6150.43%399,146
DeKalb15.64%48,92383.47%261,0420.89%2,776312,741
Dodge73.93%5,22025.73%1,8170.34%247,061
Dooly52.73%2,00146.96%1,7820.32%123,795
Dougherty29.69%9,33069.94%21,9800.37%11531,425
Douglas39.35%21,74459.82%33,0530.83%45855,255
Early55.26%2,28544.50%1,8400.24%104,135
Echols88.19%1,00811.02%1260.79%91,143
Effingham76.89%17,96922.01%5,1451.10%25723,371
Elbert69.73%5,15229.70%2,1940.57%427,388
Emanuel69.98%5,40029.52%2,2780.49%387,716
Evans69.39%2,39230.17%1,0400.44%153,447
Fannin82.96%9,30616.13%1,8090.92%10311,218
Fayette56.03%32,49742.75%24,7961.22%70557,998
Floyd71.10%21,56927.84%8,4451.07%32430,338
Forsyth70.57%65,84527.97%26,0921.46%1,36193,298
Franklin86.54%7,05112.71%1,0360.75%618,148
Fulton26.66%112,99172.34%306,5890.99%4,208423,788
Gilmer83.70%10,47115.32%1,9170.98%12212,510
Glascock91.39%1,1898.22%1070.38%51,301
Glynn63.54%20,74335.64%11,6360.82%26932,648
Gordon81.93%14,58617.11%3,0460.97%17217,804
Grady67.30%5,63332.31%2,7040.39%338,370
Greene65.10%5,85634.39%3,0930.51%468,995
Gwinnett42.23%132,99856.55%178,0971.21%3,823314,918
Habersham83.51%12,94415.59%2,4170.90%13915,500
Hall73.35%49,44225.50%17,1871.15%77767,406
Hancock24.58%87275.14%2,6660.28%103,548
Haralson87.65%9,27811.52%1,2190.83%8810,585
Harris74.03%11,83425.15%4,0210.82%13115,986
Hart76.60%7,37022.64%2,1780.77%749,622
Heard83.21%3,37416.13%6540.67%274,055
Henry41.97%41,36457.31%56,4850.72%70998,558
Houston57.93%34,31441.12%24,3580.95%56059,232
Irwin75.83%2,70123.89%8510.28%103,562
Jackson81.60%21,95017.38%4,6741.02%27526,899
Jasper74.52%4,43024.96%1,4840.52%315,945
Jeff Davis82.64%3,97916.91%8140.46%224,815
Jefferson46.95%3,17752.67%3,5640.38%266,767
Jenkins64.66%1,85734.96%1,0040.38%112,872
Johnson72.47%2,52427.22%9480.32%113,483
Jones67.82%8,43831.65%3,9380.52%6512,441
Lamar69.39%5,10529.84%2,1950.77%577,357
Lanier71.24%1,91028.42%7620.34%92,681
Laurens65.87%12,48433.64%6,3750.49%9318,952
Lee74.66%10,12024.76%3,3560.58%7913,555
Liberty36.16%5,55763.09%9,6960.75%11515,368
Lincoln69.44%2,75629.93%1,1880.63%253,969
Long64.81%2,59134.29%1,3710.90%363,998
Lowndes57.30%20,48842.02%15,0240.67%24135,753
Lumpkin79.23%9,15719.28%2,2281.50%17311,558
Macon36.90%1,55662.89%2,6520.21%94,217
Madison78.48%9,18120.67%2,4180.85%10011,699
Marion63.87%1,87235.38%1,0370.75%222,931
McDuffie60.54%5,32338.98%3,4270.48%428,792
McIntosh59.50%3,21839.96%2,1610.54%295,408
Meriwether58.88%5,09340.47%3,5010.65%568,650
Miller77.88%1,80321.68%5020.43%102,315
Mitchell56.16%4,18743.53%3,2450.31%237,455
Monroe71.94%9,30827.18%3,5160.88%11412,938
Montgomery76.13%2,68623.27%8210.60%213,528
Morgan71.22%6,80727.99%2,6750.80%769,558
Murray85.76%9,51213.43%1,4890.81%9011,091
Muscogee38.48%24,34860.79%38,4620.73%46263,272
Newton45.08%19,44954.27%23,4120.65%28043,141
Oconee69.80%14,48029.00%6,0151.20%24920,744
Oglethorpe70.44%4,56828.48%1,8471.08%706,485
Paulding66.53%40,78432.56%19,9590.92%56261,305
Peach52.01%5,43247.54%4,9660.45%4710,445
Pickens84.80%11,33114.23%1,9010.97%13013,362
Pierce88.95%6,12310.72%7380.33%236,884
Pike85.71%7,32213.63%1,1640.67%578,543
Polk79.13%10,17720.12%2,5880.75%9612,861
Pulaski69.77%2,52729.79%1,0790.44%163,622
Putnam71.82%6,70427.63%2,5790.56%529,335
Quitman55.53%52243.62%4100.85%8940
Rabun80.01%6,06318.84%1,4281.15%877,578
Randolph45.07%1,25754.43%1,5180.50%142,789
Richmond31.47%22,07667.75%47,5310.78%54870,155
Rockdale31.93%11,70367.45%24,7250.62%22736,655
Schley80.96%1,56518.26%3530.78%151,933
Screven60.36%3,26839.36%2,1310.28%155,414
Seminole66.59%2,14932.88%1,0610.53%173,227
Spalding61.17%14,93737.92%9,2580.91%22224,417
Stephens80.62%7,32618.62%1,6920.76%699,087
Stewart41.78%76057.89%1,0530.33%61,819
Sumter48.78%5,14950.78%5,3600.45%4710,556
Talbot39.51%1,16759.75%1,7650.74%222,954
Taliaferro38.00%35061.67%5680.33%3921
Tattnall76.32%5,07323.12%1,5370.56%376,647
Taylor62.81%2,06936.58%1,2050.61%203,294
Telfair66.77%2,42532.79%1,1910.44%163,632
Terrell45.70%1,80053.95%2,1250.36%143,939
Thomas61.22%10,55738.29%6,6020.49%8517,244
Tift69.65%9,52329.77%4,0700.59%8013,673
Toombs74.75%6,62324.84%2,2010.41%368,860
Towns81.69%5,00917.37%1,0650.95%586,132
Treutlen68.86%1,80030.83%8060.31%82,614
Troup60.77%14,53338.55%9,2180.68%16223,913
Turner62.98%2,06236.65%1,2000.37%123,274
Twiggs52.72%1,99946.84%1,7760.45%173,792
Union83.43%9,89915.61%1,8520.96%11411,865
Upson66.83%7,06332.58%3,4430.59%6210,568
Walker80.97%17,40017.86%3,8381.17%25221,490
Walton76.88%29,74222.43%8,6790.69%26538,686
Ware71.66%7,89427.84%3,0670.50%5511,016
Warren46.57%1,05353.07%1,2000.35%82,261
Washington50.53%4,12849.11%4,0120.36%298,169
Wayne80.15%8,12019.15%1,9400.70%7110,131
Webster59.91%65940.00%4400.09%11,100
Wheeler71.05%1,37228.74%5550.21%41,931
White84.51%9,66714.40%1,6471.09%12511,439
Whitfield72.30%19,75826.80%7,3230.90%24627,327
Wilcox73.32%2,06426.47%7450.21%62,815
Wilkes58.90%2,57840.53%1,7740.57%254,377
Wilkinson55.64%2,37344.01%1,8770.35%154,265
Worth75.39%5,91524.14%1,8940.47%377,846
Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

By congressional district

Kemp won eight of 14 congressional districts. Abrams won the other six, including one that elected a Republican.[65]

DistrictKempAbramsRepresentative
56.49%42.61%Buddy Carter
43.62%55.89%Sanford Bishop
64.21%34.8%Drew Ferguson
20.05%79.28%Hank Johnson
11.31%87.89%John Lewis
47.51%50.97%Lucy McBath
48.64%50.03%Rob Woodall
64.11%35.22%Austin Scott
78.82%20.13%Doug Collins
61.39%37.74%Jody Hice
59.33%39.27%Barry Loudermilk
57.69%41.58%Rick W. Allen
23.28%75.99%David Scott
75.38%23.65%Tom Graves

Voter demographics

Abrams!
KempNo
Answer		% of
Voters
Gender
Men4652246
Women5149N/A54
Age
18–24 years old603829
25–29 years old722625
30–39 years old6138115
40–49 years old4950119
50–64 years old4158129
65 and older4060N/A22
Race
White2574160
Black936130
Latino623715
AsianN/AN/AN/A2
OtherN/AN/AN/A3
Race by gender
White men2573228
White women2575N/A32
Black men8811114
Black women972116
Latino menN/AN/AN/A2
Latina womenN/AN/AN/A3
Others544425
Education
High school or less3861130
Some college education5048225
Associate degree5148112
Bachelor's degree5445121
Advanced degree6039112
Education and race
White college graduates4059122
White no college degree1782139
Non-white college graduates8514112
Non-white no college degree8415128
Whites by education and gender
White women with college degrees4357N/A11
White women without college degrees1683121
White men with college degrees3861111
White men without college degrees1781217
Non-whites8415140
Income
Under $30,0006534120
$30,000–49,9993860220
$50,000–99,9994357N/A35
$100,000–199,9994158118
Over $200,000N/AN/AN/A7
Party ID
Democrats972133
Republicans397N/A38
Independents5444228
Party by gender
Democratic men963112
Democratic women982n/a21
Republican men397N/A17
Republican women397N/A21
Independent men5542317
Independent women5345212
Ideology
Liberals8811120
Moderates6336138
Conservatives1683142
Marital status
Married3366155
Unmarried6336145
Gender by marital status
Married men2968325
Married women3465130
Unmarried men5841121
Unmarried women6931N/A24
First-time midterm election voter
Yes5346118
No4850282
Most important issue facing the country
Health care7920134
Immigration990132
Economy4357N/A23
Gun policyN/AN/AN/A9
Area type
Urban7029122
Suburban4356163
Rural4258N/A15
Source: CNN[66]

Electoral controversies

Kemp retained his office as Georgia Secretary of State throughout the campaign, leading to allegations of a conflict of interest for overseeing an election in which he himself was a candidate. During the campaign, he was called upon by former president and former governor of Georgia Jimmy Carter[67] and the Georgia chapters of the NAACP and Common Cause to resign from the secretariat position. Kemp refused to do so[68] until after he claimed victory, two days following the election. Kemp also accused the state Democratic Party of hacking into the state's voter database a few days before the election; however, an email released shortly after the accusation was made showed the party warning election security experts, highlighting "massive" vulnerabilities within the state's My Voter Page and its online voter registration system, not an attempt to hack the database, as Kemp had claimed.[69]

Irregularities in voter registration occurred prior to the election. Between 2012 and 2018, Kemp's office canceled over 1.4 million voter registrations, with nearly 700,000 cancellations in 2017 alone.[70] Over 300,000 people were removed from the rolls on the grounds that they had moved to a new address when they actually had not.[71] On a single night in July 2017, half a million voters had their registrations canceled. According to The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, election-law experts said that this "may represent the largest mass disenfranchisement in US history."[72] The registrations of 53,000 voters, disproportionately affecting black people, were delayed by Kemp's office for not exactly matching state driver records. After a lawsuit was filed, Kemp agreed to allow flagged voters to vote if they had identification.[73] These irregularities resulted in allegations that Kemp was using voter suppression to increase his chances of winning the contest. Georgia election officials responded to these allegations by stating that any voter flagged for irregularities could still vote, receiving a regular ballot (not a provisional ballot), by providing ID at a valid polling place, as is required of all voters by state law.[74] Concerning the question of why the pending registration status mattered if those voters could vote normally at the polls, critics claimed that learning of this status might discourage those voters from turning out to the polls at all.[75]

The Washington Post reported that "more than 200 polling places" across Georgia were closed in the 2018 election, "primarily in poor and minority neighborhoods. Voters reported long lines, malfunctioning voting machines and other problems that delayed or thwarted voting in those areas."[76] (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution found that "precinct closures and longer distances likely prevented an estimated 54,000 to 85,000 voters from casting ballots" on the 2018 Election Day.)[77] According to Richard L. Hasen, professor of law and political science at the University of California at Irvine, "there is no question that Georgia in general and Brian Kemp in particular took steps to make it harder for people to register and vote, and that those people tended to skew Democratic."[78]

On November 12, 2018, U.S. District Court Judge Amy Totenberg ruled that Georgia's secretary of state office must take steps to preserve provisional ballots and begin counting them.[79] [80] On November 13, 2018, U.S. District Court Judge Leigh Martin May ruled that Gwinnett County violated the Civil Rights Act in rejecting absentee ballots with missing or incorrect specified year of birth of the absentee voter.[81]

On November 16, 2018, Abrams announced that she was ending her campaign. Abrams acknowledged that Kemp would be certified as victor, while emphasizing that her statement was not a concession, saying "I acknowledge that Secretary of State Brian Kemp will be certified as the victor of the 2018 gubernatorial election. [...] But let’s be clear, this is not a speech of concession because concession means to acknowledge an action is right, true or proper."[7] [82] [83] [84] Abrams announced the creation of Fair Fight Action, a voting rights nonprofit organization that sued the secretary of state and state election board in federal court for voter suppression.[85] In February 2021, a federal judge ruled that Fair Fight's claims about voting machines, voter list security, and polling place issues were resolved by changes in Georgia's election law, or invalidated due to lack of standing to sue.[86] [87] In April 2021, a judge allowed some claims in the legal challenge to proceed while rejecting others.[88] On September 30, 2022, a federal judge ruled against Fair Fight on the remaining claims, finding that Georgia's voting practices did not violate the Constitution or the Voting Rights Act.[89] [90] [91] [92] According to the judge, the case "resulted in wins and losses for all parties over the course of the litigation and culminated in what is believed to have been the longest voting rights bench trial in the history of the Northern District of Georgia."[93] [94] [95]

Since losing the election, Abrams has repeatedly claimed that the election was not fairly conducted[96] and has declined to call Kemp the legitimate governor of Georgia.[97] Her position is that Kemp, who oversaw the election in his role as Secretary of State, had a conflict of interest and suppressed turnout by purging nearly 670,000 voter registrations in 2017, and that about 53,000 voter registrations were pending a month before the election.[98] She has said, "I have no empirical evidence that I would have achieved a higher number of votes. However, I have sufficient and I think legally sufficient doubt about the process to say that it was not a fair election."

On November 9, 2018, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported that its investigation of the 2018 statewide elections in Georgia had found "no evidence ... of systematic malfeasance – or of enough tainted votes to force a runoff election".[99] A follow-up analysis in December 2019 by the Atlanta Journal-Constitution found "an estimated 54,000 to 85,000 voters" were impacted by changes, such as precinct closures in the aftermath of Shelby County v. Holder. However, it found that Abrams would have need up to 67% of the votes at "ideal voting locations" for a runoff to occur.[77]

In his 2020 book, University of California law professor and election law expert Richard L. Hasen described Kemp as "perhaps the most incompetent state chief elections officer" in the 2018 elections and said it was "hard to tell" which of Kemp's "actions were due to incompetence and which were attempted suppression."[100]

According to Washington Post fact checker Glenn Kessler writing in September 2022, Abrams repeatedly falsely claimed that she "won" the election, that the election was "rigged", that it was "stolen", that it was not "free and fair", and that Kemp had "cheated". Kessler said that "Abrams played up claims the election was stolen until such tactics became untenable for anyone who claims to be an advocate for American democratic norms and values".[101]

External links

Official campaign websites

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Brian Kemp resigns as Georgia secretary of state. USA Today. November 12, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151725/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/11/08/brian-kemp-resigns-georgia-secretary-state/1929921002/. live.
  2. News: Abrams ends run for governor against Kemp, but won't concede. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. November 16, 2018. November 16, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181116102847/https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/kemp-holds-steady-lead-over-abrams-state-prepares-certify-vote/WI5zxjHjLNR2WbvcEBVYWL/. live. Bluestein. Greg.
  3. Web site: AP. The Latest: Abrams says she will sue over Georgia election. AP. November 16, 2018. November 16, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151923/https://apnews.com/7825dfd60aa546eda31ed26d41646a15. live.
  4. News: Stacey Abrams acknowledges Brian Kemp win in Georgia governor's race. Krieg. Gregory. CNN. 16 November 2018. February 7, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190207121939/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/16/politics/stacey-abrams-concession/index.html. live.
  5. Book: Hasen . Richard L. . Richard L. Hasen . Election Meltdown: Dirty Tricks, Distrust, and the Threat to American Democracy . 2020 . . 978-0-300-24819-7 . 116 .
  6. News: Election lawsuit backed by Stacey Abrams goes to trial in Georgia . April 9, 2022 . . . Kate . Brumback.
  7. News: Stacey Abrams Ends Fight for Georgia Governor With Harsh Words for Her Rival . Blinder . Alan . 2018-11-16 . The New York Times . 2019-05-25 . Fausset . Richard . en-US . 0362-4331 . January 5, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151643/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/16/us/elections/georgia-governor-race-kemp-abrams.html . live.
  8. Web site: Georgia 2018: Brian Kemp enters race for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. March 31, 2017. March 31, 2017. March 31, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170331142417/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/03/31/georgia-2018-brian-kemp-enters-race-for-governor/. live.
  9. Web site: Georgia 2018: Cagle launches governor campaign with pledge to add 500k jobs. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. April 29, 2017. April 30, 2017. April 29, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170429223910/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/04/29/georgia-2018-cagle-launches-governor-campaign-with-pledge-to-add-500k-jobs/. live.
  10. Web site: Republican Hunter Hill will run for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. April 25, 2017. April 25, 2017. April 25, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170425192837/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/04/25/georgia-2018-republican-hunter-hill-will-run-for-governor/. live.
  11. Web site: A fifth Republican could enter Georgia governor race. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. August 10, 2017. August 11, 2017. August 10, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170810115959/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/08/10/a-fifth-prominent-republican-could-enter-georgia-governor-race/. live.
  12. Web site: Pro-Trump loyalist Michael Williams enters governor race. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. June 2, 2017. June 2, 2017. June 1, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170601223115/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/06/01/georgia-2018-pro-trump-loyalist-michael-williams-enters-governor-race/. live.
  13. Web site: Dunwoody resident running for governor. Marietta Daily Journal. Catts. Everett. August 12, 2017. August 18, 2017. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151727/https://www.mdjonline.com/neighbor_newspapers/dunwoody-resident-running-for-governor/article_fa7a69b0-7edb-11e7-9f22-630784df5cc7.html. live.
  14. News: Georgia gubernatorial candidate Marc Urbach withdraws from race. Soriano. Ashley. The Red and Black. 2018-05-04. en. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151651/https://www.redandblack.com/athensnews/georgia-gubernatorial-candidate-marc-urbach-withdraws-from-race/article_1b1855ce-4dd0-11e8-a3bf-bb9ede41997d.html. live.
  15. Web site: Pence adviser Nick Ayers eyes run for Georgia governor. Politico. April 5, 2017. April 5, 2017. Shane. Goldmacher. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151800/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/04/nick-ayers-mike-pence-adviser-georgia-governor-race-236926. live.
  16. Web site: Georgia 2018: Nick Ayers is not running for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. June 29, 2017. June 30, 2017. Greg. Bluestein. June 29, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170629195954/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/06/29/georgia-2018-nick-ayers-is-not-running-for-governor/. live.
  17. Web site: Georgia's next governor: Who could be running in 2018. January 2, 2017. Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein, Greg. May 10, 2017. May 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170503211831/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/01/02/georgias-next-governor-who-could-be-running-in-2018/. live.
  18. Web site: Burt Jones won't run for higher office. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. May 8, 2017. May 10, 2017. May 10, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170510231759/http://politics.blog.myajc.com/2017/05/08/georgia-2018-burt-jones-wont-run-for-higher-office/. live.
  19. Web site: Sen. Josh McKoon leaves door open for possible run for Georgia governor. Ledger-Enquirer. Williams. Chuck. March 24, 2017. March 31, 2017. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151706/https://www.ledger-enquirer.com/news/politics-government/election/article140555048.html. live.
  20. Web site: Georgia's "religious liberty" senator joins Secretary of State race. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Salzer. James. July 6, 2017. July 6, 2017. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105145316/https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/georgia-religious-liberty-senator-joins-secretary-state-race/DFPIbKXuK0SUTP2RmaJfuN/. live.
  21. Web site: Trump victory scrambles the field for 2018 Georgia governor's race. Bluestein. Greg. November 13, 2016. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. November 15, 2016. November 14, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161114180249/http://www.myajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/trump-victory-scrambles-the-field-for-2018-georgia/ns6y8/. live.
  22. Web site: David Perdue on 2018: Not running, nor seeking a candidate. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Wingfield. Kyle. April 14, 2017. April 14, 2017. April 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104100/http://kylewingfield.blog.myajc.com/2017/04/14/opinion-david-perdue-on-2018-not-running-nor-seeking-a-candidate/. live.
  23. Web site: Is former Gov. Sonny Perdue pondering another run?. WXIA-TV. Richards. Doug. August 30, 2016. September 23, 2016.
  24. Web site: Evidence that Tom Price might be mulling a 2018 race for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. June 29, 2016. June 30, 2016. June 30, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160630172938/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2016/06/29/evidence-that-tom-price-might-be-mulling-a-2018-race-for-governor/. live.
  25. Web site: David Ralston doesn't say yes, doesn't say no to bid for governor in 2018. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Gould Sheinin. Aaron. March 8, 2017. March 31, 2017. April 1, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170401060314/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/03/08/david-ralston-doesnt-say-yes-doesnt-say-no-to-bid-for-governor-in-2018/. live.
  26. Web site: David Ralston won't join the race for governor — but he'll try to define it. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Galloway. Jim. July 26, 2017. August 11, 2017. August 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170811224241/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/07/26/david-ralston-wont-join-the-race-for-governor-but-hell-try-to-define-it/. live.
  27. Web site: Lynn Westmoreland says he won't seek re-election, considering run for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Galloway. Jim. Malloy. Daniel. January 7, 2016. June 2, 2016. June 13, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160613184734/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2016/01/07/lynn-westmoreland-says-he-wont-seek-re-election/. live.
  28. Web site: Lynn Westmoreland is NOT running for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. May 24, 2017. May 25, 2017. May 26, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170526190720/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/05/24/georgia-2018-lynn-westmoreland-is-not-running-for-governor/. live.
  29. Eddie Hayes 1%, Marc Alan Urbach 0%
  30. Marc Alan Urbach 1%, Other 2%
  31. Marc Alan Urbach 1%
  32. Web site: Georgia 2018 General Election. thegreenpapers.com. June 4, 2018. May 22, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180522183814/http://www.thegreenpapers.com/G18/GA. live.
  33. Web site: VP Mike Pence stumps for Brian Kemp on Saturday in Macon. July 24, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151658/https://www.11alive.com/article/news/politics/vp-mike-pence-stumps-for-brian-kemp-on-saturday-in-macon/85-575440842. live.
  34. News: Georgia Primary Runoff Election Results. Sarah. Almukhtar. The New York Times . July 24, 2018 . July 26, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151749/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/07/24/us/elections/results-georgia-primary-runoff-elections.html. live.
  35. Web site: Stacey Abrams runs to be state's first black governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. June 3, 2017. June 3, 2017. June 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170603111650/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/06/03/georgia-2018-stacey-abrams-runs-to-be-states-first-black-governor/. live.
  36. Web site: Stacey Evans launches a HOPE-themed campaign for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. May 25, 2017. May 25, 2017. May 25, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170525115502/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/05/25/georgia-2018-stacey-evans-launches-a-hope-themed-campaign-for-governor/. live.
  37. Web site: 2018 Gubernatorial Candidates in the Making. InsiderAdvantage. Evans. Randy. November 13, 2015. September 24, 2016. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151701/http://insideradvantage.com/2015/11/13/2018-gubernatorial-candidates-in-the-making/. live.
  38. Web site: John Barrow aims for comeback with bid for Georgia secretary of state. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. September 25, 2017. September 25, 2017. September 25, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170925225858/http://politics.blog.myajc.com/2017/09/25/barrow-aims-for-a-political-comeback-with-bid-for-georgia-statewide-office/. live.
  39. News: Jason Carter rules out bid for Georgia governor in 2018. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. May 31, 2017. June 1, 2017. June 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170603181442/http://www.myajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/jason-carter-rules-out-bid-for-georgia-governor-2018/bDxoNtSAeVBmOg6lGyDqWK/. live.
  40. Web site: Race for Georgia governor takes shape three years out. Bluestein. Greg. September 6, 2015. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. June 2, 2016. May 27, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160527162347/http://www.myajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/race-for-georgia-governor-takes-shape-three-years-/nnYYJ/. live.
  41. Web site: Q&A: Mayor Kasim Reed on second-term goals, fatherhood, and the future of Turner Field. Atlanta Magazine. Fennessy. Steve. September 21, 2015. June 2, 2016. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151755/https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/qa-mayor-kasim-reed-on-second-term-goals-fatherhood-and-the-future-of-turner-field/. live.
  42. Web site: Kasim Reed: 'I think I've got another campaign in me'. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. May 23, 2016. June 2, 2016. May 28, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160528191137/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2016/05/23/kasim-reed-i-think-ive-got-another-campaign-in-me/. live.
  43. Web site: Columbus Mayor Teresa Tomlinson weighs run for governor, secretary of state. Ledger-Enquirer. Williams. Chuck. April 12, 2017. April 12, 2017. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105145331/https://www.ledger-enquirer.com/news/politics-government/election/article144144639.html. live.
  44. Web site: Mayor Teresa Tomlinson makes decision on running for 2018 statewide office. Ledger-Enquirer. Williams. Chuck. May 10, 2017. May 10, 2017. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105145319/https://www.ledger-enquirer.com/news/local/article149669354.html. live.
  45. Web site: Do Democrats have a candidate for governor in Sally Yates?. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. January 31, 2017. February 1, 2017. January 31, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170131170134/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/01/31/do-democrats-have-a-candidate-for-governor-in-sally-yates/. live.
  46. Web site: Kasim Reed is 'hopeful' Sally Yates runs for governor. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. March 29, 2017. April 2, 2017. April 2, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170402070121/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2017/03/29/kasim-reed-is-hopeful-sally-yates-runs-for-governor/. live.
  47. Web site: Dems want Yates for governor race. The Hill. Kamisar. Ben. May 11, 2017. May 11, 2017. May 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170511141656/http://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/332847-dems-want-yates-for-governor-race. live.
  48. Web site: Sally Yates says she won't run for Georgia governor. Politico. Conway. Madeline. May 16, 2017. May 16, 2017. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151706/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/16/sally-yates-no-georgia-governor-238445. live.
  49. Web site: Meet the candidates running for Georgia governor in 2018. Atlanta. Keenan. Sean. March 9, 2018. April 9, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151720/https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/meet-candidates-running-georgia-governor-2018/. live.
  50. Web site: The 2018 race for Georgia governor has officially begun. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Bluestein. Greg. August 26, 2015. June 2, 2016. June 26, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160626034509/http://politics.blog.ajc.com/2015/08/26/the-2018-race-for-georgia-governor-has-officially-begun/. live.
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  53. News: Final Debate in Georgia Governor's Race Canceled as Republican Breaks Schedule. The New York Times. October 31, 2018 . November 1, 2018. October 31, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181031232052/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/31/us/politics/kemp-trump-abrams.html. live . Blinder . Alan .
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  67. Eli Watkins, Jimmy Carter calls for Brian Kemp to resign as GA secretary of state, CNN (October 30, 2018).
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  69. Web site: Brian Kemp Just Engaged in a Last-Minute Act of Banana-Republic Level Voter Manipulation in Georgia. Richard L.. Hasen. Slate. November 4, 2018. November 5, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151951/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/11/georgia-governor-candidate-brian-kemp-attempts-last-minute-banana-republic-style-voter-manipulation.html. live.
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  71. Web site: Erin Durkin . GOP candidate improperly purged 340,000 from Georgia voter rolls, investigation claims . The Guardian . 2018-10-19 . 2020-05-21 . October 19, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181019193751/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/oct/19/georgia-governor-race-voter-suppression-brian-kemp . live.
  72. Web site: Georgia's strict laws lead to large purge of voters. October 27, 2018 . . May 30, 2020 . By dawn, more than 500,000 people were registered no more. This purge, according to election-law experts, may represent the largest mass disenfranchisement in U.S. history.. May 28, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200528072901/https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/voter-purge-begs-question-what-the-matter-with-georgia/YAFvuk3Bu95kJIMaDiDFqJ/ . Alan . Judd . live .
  73. Web site: Georgia, 2018's most prominent voting rights battleground, explained . . P. R. . Lockhart . October 26, 2018. December 1, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151923/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/10/26/18024468/georgia-voter-suppression-stacey-abrams-brian-kemp-voting-rights. live.
  74. Web site: The voter-suppression rap on Georgia's Brian Kemp is unfair.. October 26, 2018. March 16, 2019. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105152122/https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/2018-midterms-whats-the-truth-about-the-53-000-pending-voters-in-georgia. live.
  75. News: Mark Niesse . The Atlanta Journal-Constitution . What you need to know about Georgia's 53,000 pending voters . The Atlanta Journal-Constitution . en . February 19, 2020 . January 5, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151938/https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/what-you-need-know-about-georgia-000-pending-voters/0aulxJgIulIpKgMmpexBmK/ . live.
  76. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/10/30/did-racially-motivated-voter-suppression-thwart-stacey-abrams/ Did racially motivated voter suppression thwart Stacey Abrams?
  77. https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/precinct-closures-harm-voter-turnout-georgia-ajc-analysis-finds/11sVcLyQCHuQRC8qtZ6lYP/ Precinct closures harm voter turnout in Georgia, AJC analysis finds
  78. News: Kessler . Glenn . Did racially motivated voter suppression thwart Stacey Abrams? . 25 September 2021 . Washington Post . 30 October 2019.
  79. News: Georgia ordered to protect provisional ballots . John . Bowden . November 13, 2018 . The Hill.
  80. News: Amid legal wrangling, Georgia election uncertainty lingers . Kate . Brumback . Bill . Barrow . November 13, 2018 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20221105191047/https://apnews.com/article/16dd5851de5845d0806a512f5600010e . November 5, 2022 . live.
  81. News: Federal judge finds Georgia county violated Civil Rights Act by rejecting ballots . . November 13, 2018. November 14, 2018. January 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210105151743/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/416427-federal-judge-finds-georgia-county-violated-civil-rights-act-by-rejecting . live . Aris . Folley.
  82. News: November 16, 2018 . Democratic candidate admits defeat in hard-fought Georgia governor's race . .
  83. News: Stacey Abrams calls Brian Kemp the 'victor' in Georgia's governor's race . Jeffrey . Cook . November 16, 2018 . .
  84. News: Georgia's Stacey Abrams Admits Defeat, Says Kemp Used 'Deliberate' Suppression To Win . November 16, 2018 . Jessica . Taylor . .
  85. News: Brumback . Kate . Lawsuit challenging Georgia election process filed by Stacey Abrams-backed group . Associated Press . PBS . November 27, 2018 . March 31, 2020 . April 12, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200412181355/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/lawsuit-challenging-georgia-election-process-filed-by-stacey-abrams-backed-group . live.
  86. News: Brumback . Kate . April 20, 2021 . Judge tosses some claims in old Georgia election lawsuit . . December 1, 2021.
  87. News: Niesse . Mark . February 17, 2021 . Judge's ruling focuses Georgia voting rights lawsuit on purges . . November 3, 2022 . https://archive.today/20210217121959/https://www.ajc.com/politics/judges-ruling-focuses-georgia-voting-rights-lawsuit-on-purges/MXTHYY3P4BCJDKHWVAVLBQCKLE/ . February 17, 2021.
  88. Web site: 2021-04-20. Judge tosses some claims in old Georgia election lawsuit. 2021-12-01. AP NEWS. en.
  89. Web site: McKend . Pamela. Kirkland. Eva . Federal judge rules against Abrams-founded voting rights group in Georgia . CNN . October 3, 2022 . en . October 1, 2022.
  90. Web site: Amy . Jeff . GOP attacks Georgia's Abrams on voting as judge rejects suit . . en . October 1, 2022.
  91. Web site: Niesse . Mark . Judge upholds Georgia election laws on all counts in voting rights case . . October 3, 2022 . English . September 30, 2022.
  92. News: Federal Judge Rules Against Fair Fight Action in Georgia Voting Lawsuit . . Maya . King . September 30, 2022.
  93. Web site: Gibson . Brittany . October 24, 2022 . Abrams' campaign chair collected millions in legal fees from voting rights organization . October 24, 2022 . . en.
  94. News: Brumback . Kate . October 1, 2022 . Federal judge rules against Abrams group in voting rights lawsuit . . November 2, 2022.
  95. News: Niesse . Mark . October 4, 2022 . Court rejected Georgia voting rights case, but laws have changed since 2018 . . November 1, 2022 . https://archive.today/20221018040652/https://www.ajc.com/politics/court-rejected-georgia-voting-rights-case-but-laws-have-changed-since-2018/XYKNUONANRBF7GDTQNPWOCFRYY/ . October 18, 2022.
  96. News: Why Stacey Abrams Is Still Saying She Won. David . Marchese . April 28, 2019 . April 29, 2019. April 29, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190429012042/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/04/28/magazine/stacey-abrams-election-georgia.html . . live.
  97. News: Stacey Abrams calls Kemp Georgia's 'legal' governor, won't say he's legitimate . Caroline . Kelly . CNN . November 18, 2018 . June 9, 2019 . June 8, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190608054802/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/18/politics/abrams-kemp-georgia-race-legal-winner-sotu-cnntv/index.html . live.
  98. News: Nadler . Ben . October 11, 2018 . Georgia Republican candidate for governor puts 53,000 voter registrations on hold . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200416185301/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2018/10/11/georgia-republican-candidate-brian-kemp-puts-53-000-voter-registrations-hold/1608507002/ . April 16, 2020 . USA Today.
  99. News: Alan Judd . The Atlanta Journal-Constitution . Did voting problems influence outcome in Georgia election? . ajc . en . November 9, 2018 . April 29, 2020 . January 5, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210105152037/https://www.ajc.com/news/scattered-problems-emerge-georgia-voting/oQxJq2DOKu8o32pd0mvAxN/ . live.
  100. Book: Hasen, Richard L. . Election Meltdown: Dirty Tricks, Distrust, and the Threat to American Democracy . 2020 . Yale University Press . 978-0-300-25286-6 . en.
  101. News: Kessler . Glenn . Stacey Abrams's rhetorical twist on being an election denier . . September 29, 2022 . September 29, 2022.

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