2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing explained

2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing
Partof:Terrorism in Russia and Islamic terrorism in Europe
Location:On a Saint Petersburg Metro train between Sennaya Ploshchad and Tekhnologichesky Institut stations, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Target:Civilians
Coordinates:59.9164°N 30.3186°W
Time:14:40[1]
Timezone:FET (UTC +3)
Type:Suicide bombing[2]
Fatalities:16 (including the perpetrator)
Injuries:64[3]
Victim:-->
Perpetrator:Imam Shamil Battalion[4]
Assailants:Akbarzhon Jalilov
Weapons:Nail bomb

On 3 April 2017, a terrorist attack using an explosive device took place on the Saint Petersburg Metro between Sennaya Ploshchad and Tekhnologichesky Institut stations.[5] Eleven people (including the perpetrator) were initially reported to have died, and five more died later from their injuries, bringing the total to 15.[6] [7] [8] [9] [10]

At least 45 others were injured in the incident.[11] [12] The explosive device was contained in a briefcase. A second explosive device was found and defused at Ploshchad Vosstaniya metro station.[9] The suspected perpetrator was named as Akbarzhon Jalilov, a Russian citizen who was an ethnic Uzbek born in Kyrgyzstan.[13]

Background

See also: Terrorism in Russia. In 2016, ISIL had plotted to target St. Petersburg due to Russia's military involvement in Syria, resulting in arrests.[14] No public transport system in Russia had been bombed since the 2010 Moscow Metro bombings.[15]

ISIL propaganda was being circulated prior to this incident. It encouraged supporters to launch strikes on Moscow. ISIL propaganda showed bullet holes through Putin's head and a poster circulated before the attack of a falling Kremlin and included the message "We Will Burn Russia."[16] However, as some researchers have said, Russia faces a "sophisticated and complex" threat from domestic terrorism, linked to many different groups.[5]

Vladimir Putin was visiting Saint Petersburg, where he was born, on the day of the attack.

Attack

On 3 April 2017, a device containing 200g300g of explosives detonated on a train travelling through a tunnel between the Sennaya Ploshchad and Tekhnologichesky Institut stations of the Saint Petersburg Metro.[17] [18] According to a statement from the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the bomb was detonated on the third carriage of the train. Eyewitnesses said the blast occurred near the door. Immediately after the explosion, smoke filled the platform. Video from social media showed multiple victims on the platform and a metal door twisted by the force of the blast. Following reports of the explosion, all metro stations in Saint Petersburg were quickly closed.[11] In the late evening, metro services were resumed on Lines 3, 4, and 5.[9]

A second bomb was discovered and disarmed at Ploshchad Vosstaniya station. The device had ball bearings, screws, and shrapnel[19] and was hidden within a fire extinguisher containing an equivalent of about 1kg (02lb) of TNT.[20] Jalilov's DNA was found on a bag which contained the extinguisher,[21] suggesting that he intentionally left this bag inside a carriage as witnessed by some passengers.[9]

Aftermath

Security was heightened after the attack. Metal detectors, installed countrywide following another metro attack seven years before, were all implemented after not having been in use for several years. The Moscow Metro security department said they were ready to assist the Saint Petersburg Metro in case of any help being needed.[22] Local media reported that authorities had found suspicious packages in three Moscow metro stations, Nagatinskaja, Savelovskaya and Ugrezhskaya (CIP). Authorities later cordoned off the area.[23] The security of Pulkovo International Airport was also heightened in response to the blast.[23] A possible suspect was sighted on Metro surveillance cameras, according to unconfirmed reports.[9] The Investigative Committee of Russia said the train operator's decision to drive it to the next station helped to avoid an even higher number of casualties.[24] [25]

Because of the terrorist attack, security measures were also strengthened in the Nizhny Novgorod metro.[26]

Two weeks later, FSB released a statement says that Russian security operatives have detained Abror Azimov (born 1990), the alleged mastermind of the bombing, in Moscow in which he trained the suicide attacker.

Casualties

Fifteen people died due to the attack, of whom ten during the attack and five later from their injuries. As reported by the Russian Ministry of Health, 64 people were injured.[27] Thirty-nine people were hospitalised, of whom six had critical injuries.[28] Children were among those injured.[8]

The fifteen people killed were identified as thirteen Russian citizens, a Kazakh man and an Azerbaijani woman.[29] [30] [31] [32] [33]

Perpetrator

The suspected perpetrator behind the attacks was identified by Kyrgyzstan and Russian intelligence services as Akbarzhon Jalilov (sometimes spelled Akbarjon Djalilov), an ethnic Uzbek[34] [35] [36] 22-year-old Kyrgyz-born Russian citizen.[21] [37] [38] He was sentenced to life in prison.

Jalilov was born in 1995 in Osh, Kyrgyzstan, and arrived in Moscow around 2011. According to Russian newspaper Moskovskij Komsomolets, Gazeta.ru reported he had worked as a cook at a sushi bar in 2015,[39] while other sources claimed Jalilov had worked in a garage before disappearing weeks prior to the attack. Interfax said authorities believe he had ties to radical Islamic groups.[40] Russian media has reported that he traveled to Syria in 2014 and trained with Islamic State militants.[41] On 26 April, a group called the Imam Shamil Battalion claimed responsibility for the attack, and said that the bomber was acting on orders from al-Qaeda. The statement, posted by SITE Intelligence Group, said the bomber, Akbarzhon Jalilov, had acted on instructions from al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri.[42] [43] In considering the incident, researchers had already illustrated that 'analysis should not focus exclusively on recent developments and Daesh', but rather look at the 'broader context' including the 'range of groups with which Central Asian radicals are involved.'[44]

Initial reports

On 3 April 2017, investigators said they believed the attack was a suicide bombing and identified a Central Asian as the suspected perpetrator.[45] Some reports initially misidentified the suspect as a 22-year-old from Kazakhstan who was an IT student at St. Petersburg State University of Economics. He had been reported missing.[46] [47] This individual was later correctly identified as a victim of the attack.[48] [49] The suspect was later identified as a 23-year-old native of Kyrgyzstan with Russian citizenship and with links to international militant groups.[45] [50] A man with a beard wearing a skullcap contacted police to clear his name. Interfax later said only one person was involved.[51] [45] The man with the beard turned out to be a former paratrooper from Bashkortostan.[52]

Reactions

Domestic

President Vladimir Putin was in the city when the attack happened and pledged a thorough investigation. During an unrelated meeting with President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko, Putin said they are "considering all possible causes, including terrorism." He later visited the area of the attack, which was prohibited by the Federal Protective Service due to security concerns. This information was later denied by RIA Novosti.[23] [11] His statement was followed by Lukashenko expressing his sadness over the bombing. Mayor of Moscow Sergey Sobyanin expressed his condolences to the victims of the attack and ordered the strengthening of security measures around the capital's transport infrastructure, according to the Mayor's and city government's Press Secretary Gulnara Penkova.[9] Head of the Ministry of Health Veronika Skvortsova instructed federal doctors to help doctors in St. Petersburg to assist the victims.[23]

The Head of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov called for the identification and punishment of the perpetrators.[9]

The All-Russian Union of Insurers said relatives of the victims will be able to receive 2.025 million rubles.[23]

A makeshift memorial was made to honour the victims of the bombing. Saint Petersburg declared three days of mourning in response to the attack. Mayor Georgi Poltavchenko, Governor of Leningrad Alexander Drozdenko, and President Vladimir Putin visited the site and laid flowers to pay respect.[23]

International

Condolences and sympathies for those affected were offered by several international figures, including representatives of Algeria,[53] China, the Czech Republic, Norway,[54] Denmark,[55] Finland,[56] France, Georgia,[57] Hungary,[58] [59] India,[60] Indonesia,[61] Iran,[9] Israel,[62] Japan,[63] Laos,[64] Malaysia, Pakistan, Poland,[65] [66] Portugal,[67] Singapore,[68] Thailand,[69] Turkey,[70] Ukraine,[71] the United Kingdom, the United States,[72] Vietnam,[73] NATO, and the European Union.[74]

Ukraine tightened security around its metro stations in fear of an attack.[75]

Other reactions

Tel Aviv city hall building was lit with the colours of the Russian flag. In Brussels, where a similar attack took place a year earlier, the ING Marnix building near the Throne metro station was also decorated with a moving Russian flag animation. At midnight (01:00 of April 5 in Moscow time), the lights of the Eiffel Tower were switched off to honor the victims.[76]

The Independent reported that some supporters of ISIL on unnamed internet forums linked the attack to Russia's support of Bashar al-Assad, and shared photos and video of people injured and killed by the blast.[77]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 'Мы начали ехать, я увидел взорванный вагон': что писали очевидцы о взрыве в Петербурге . 'We started moving, I saw a blown up train car': what did eyewitnesses write about an explosion in Petersburg . . 3 April 2017 . TASS . ТАСС информационное агентство . 3 April 2017 . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170404130323/http://tass.ru/proisshestviya/4148874 . live .
  2. News: Eleven killed in suspected suicide bombing on Russian metro train. Reuters. 4 April 2017. Denis Pinchuk. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404000846/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-blast-metro-idUSKBN17519G. live.
  3. Web site: Russia Bomber Is Identified, Officials Say, as Death Toll Rises . . 4 April 2017 . The New York Times . 4 April 2017 . In addition to killing 14, the blast on Monday wounded 64 others, Aleksandr Rzhanenkov, a St. Petersburg official, said at a news briefing. . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170404080338/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/04/world/europe/st-petersburg-russia-explosion-suspect.html . live .
  4. News: 2017-04-25. St Petersburg bombing: Group says al-Qaeda chief ordered attack. en-GB. BBC News. 2021-04-09. 29 March 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210329010754/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39713324. live.
  5. Web site: Youngman. Mark. 6 April 2017. Russia's domestic terrorism threat is serious, sophisticated and complex. 9 April 2017. The Conversation. The Conversation Trust (UK). The April 3 bombing on the St Petersburg metro was the highest-profile terror attack on Russian soil since a suicide bombing at Moscow's Domodedovo airport in January 2011.. 9 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170409035115/http://theconversation.com/russias-domestic-terrorism-threat-is-serious-sophisticated-and-complex-75869. live.
  6. Web site: . 4 April 2017. Число жертв теракта в Петербурге выросло до 14 человек [Number of fatalities of the terrorist act in Petersburg has grown to fourteen people|url=https://meduza.io/news/2017/04/04/chislo-zhertv-terakta-v-peterburge-vyroslo-do-14-chelovek|access-date=4 April 2017|website=Meduza|publisher=Meduza|quote=В результате взрыва в метро Санкт-Петербурга погибли 14 человек, сообщила министр здравоохранения России Вероника Скворцова. [In the aftermath of explosion in the metro of Saint Petersburg 14 people have died, reported by the minister of health of Russia Veronika Skvortsova]|archive-date=30 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430224951/https://meduza.io/news/2017/04/04/chislo-zhertv-terakta-v-peterburge-vyroslo-do-14-chelovek|url-status=live.
  7. News: 4 April 2017. Signs of terror attack in St. Petersburg subway blast obvious – Kremlin. TASS. Saint Petersburg. 4 April 2017. The Russian Investigative Committee has qualified the blast as a terrorist attack, but other versions are looked into.. 13 July 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220713174754/https://tass.com/politics/939175. live.
  8. News: MacFarquhar. Neil. Nechepureneko. Ivan. Explosion in St. Petersburg Metro Kills at Least 10. 3 April 2017. The New York Times. 3 April 2017. 3 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170403125147/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/03/world/europe/st-petersburg-russia-explosion.html. live.
  9. News: 3 April 2017. Взрыв в метро Санкт-Петербурга: погибли 10 человек. ru. Explosion in Metro St. Petersburg, killing 10 people. BBC Russia. 3 April 2017. 13 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190613155343/https://www.bbc.com/russian/live/news-39478165. live.
  10. News: В петербургской больнице скончались двое пострадавших при взрыве в метро. ru. Two injured in the explosion in the subway died in the St. Petersburg hospital. RIA Novosti. 3 April 2017. 24 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181124231712/https://ria.ru/incidents/20170403/1491389397.html. live.
  11. Web site: St Petersburg metro explosions kill ten – media . BBC . 3 April 2017 . 3 April 2017 . 15 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190515202141/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-39481770 . live .
  12. Web site: At least 10 people may have been killed by Russia metro blast: TASS . Reuters . 3 April 2017 . 3 April 2017 . 26 December 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181226004936/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-metro-blast-idUSKBN1751A6 . live .
  13. News: St Petersburg metro bombing suspect 'from Kyrgyzstan' . BBC News . 4 April 2017 . 4 April 2017 . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170404001534/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39486640 . live .
  14. News: Bergen. Peter. The likely culprits behind the St. Petersburg bombing. 4 April 2017. CNN. 4 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404013345/http://www.cnn.com/2017/04/03/opinions/russia-terror-attack-opinion-bergen-sterman/. live.
  15. News: Ioffe. Julia. How Russians Got Used to Terrorism. 4 April 2017. The Atlantic. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170405162921/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/04/russia-st-petersburg-terrorism/521796/. live.
  16. News: Griffin. Andrew. St Petersburg attacks: Isis celebrates explosions that killed 10 people. 4 April 2017. 4 April 2017. 5 July 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220705123037/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/st-petersburg-attacks-isis-russia-bombings-celebrate-islamic-state-response-a7664656.html. live.
  17. News: В Санкт-Петербурге произошел взрыв в метро. Онлайн-трансляция . In St. Petersburg, there was an explosion in the Metro . 3 April 2017 . RBC . ru . 18 June 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180618210443/https://www.rbc.ru/textonlines/03/04/2017/58e238789a7947f42e875f91 . live .
  18. News: Russian subway bombing reveals terror vulnerability. Jansen. Bart. 3 April 2017. USA Today. 3 April 2017. 24 November 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201124085759/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/04/03/subway-security-st-petersburg-new-york-london-paris-brussels/99988934/. live.
  19. Web site: St Petersburg Metro explosion: CCTV image of suspect emerges after at least 10 killed by 'briefcase' bomb . . 3 April 2017 . The Daily Telegraph . 3 April 2017 . Another 39 injured people remain in hospital following the blast on the Russian city's subway network on Monday afternoon that is reported to have involved a shrapnel-filled device. . 3 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170403125012/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/03/saintpetersburg-bombing-casualties-explosion-metro-train/ . live .
  20. News: Lister. Tim. Burrows. Emily. Dewan. Angela. St. Petersburg metro explosion: At least 10 dead in Russia blast. 3 April 2017. 2 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200902005005/https://www.cnn.com/2017/04/03/europe/st-petersburg-russia-explosion/index.html. live.
  21. Web site: Russian investigators confirm Kyrgyz-born Russian citizen was behind St Petersburg subway attack with an explosive device . . 4 April 2017 . The Straits Times . SPH Digital News . 4 April 2017 . "The investigation identified the man who set off the bomb in the carriage of the Saint Petersburg metro. It was Akbarjon Djalilov," a statement by the committee said, adding that Djalilov's "genetic trace" was also found on a bag with a second bomb that was found at a different station. . 9 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170409020342/http://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-probes-act-of-terror-after-st-petersburg-metro-blast-kills-11-injures-dozens . live .
  22. News: Moscow metro beefs up security after blast in St. Petersburg subway. 3 April 2017. Tass. 3 April 2017. 6 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170406044646/http://tass.com/world/938978. live.
  23. Web site: Взрыв в метро Санкт-Петербурга: онлайн-трансляция. MK. 4 April 2017. 9 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170409112639/http://www.mk.ru/incident/2017/04/03/vzryv-v-metro-sanktpeterburga-onlayntranslchciya.html. live.
  24. News: Suspect in St. Petersburg Subway Attack is Identified; Stations Reopened After Bomb Threat. 18 April 2017. 4 April 2017. 18 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170418082637/http://www.latimes.com/world/la-fg-st-petersburg-attack-20170404-story.html. live.
  25. News: St Petersburg Metro Explosion: Russian Investigators Believe Suicide Bomber Caused Blast That Killed 14 as Suspect Named. 18 April 2017. 4 April 2017. 13 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170413233835/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/03/saintpetersburg-bombing-casualties-explosion-metro-train/. live.
  26. Web site: Меры безопасности усилены в нижегородском метрополитене в связи со взрывами в Санкт-Петербурге ИА "НТА Приволжье" Новости Нижнего Новгорода. 2021-03-29. www.nta-nn.ru. 18 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210918164259/https://www.nta-nn.ru/news/society/2017/news_564535/. live.
  27. Web site: Скворцова уточнила данные о погибших в результате взрыва в Петербурге . Skvortsova clarifies the data about casualties because of the explosion in Petersburg . . 3 April 2017 . Interfax . 3 April 2017 . 9 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170409061541/http://www.interfax.ru/russia/556657 . live .
  28. Web site: St. Petersburg metro explosion: 11 dead in Russia blast . . 3 April 2017 . CNN . 3 April 2017 . Thirty-nine people have been hospitalised, six of whom had critical injuries, the health ministry said, putting the number of dead at 11. . 6 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170406041454/http://edition.cnn.com/2017/04/03/europe/st-petersburg-russia-explosion/ . live .
  29. News: Champion of Russia in hand-to-hand fighting is victim of St. Petersburg terrorist attack. Crime Russia. 5 April 2017. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20170406080400/https://en.crimerussia.com/gromkie-dela/champion-of-russia-in-hand-to-hand-fighting-is-victim-of-st-petersburg-terrorist-attack/. 6 April 2017. dead.
  30. News: St Petersburg metro bomb victims identified. BBC. 5 April 2017. en. 5 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170405011705/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39497025. live.
  31. News: Названо имя предполагаемого террориста-смертника в Санкт-Петербурге. mk.ru. 4 April 2017. ru. 9 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200909050654/https://www.mk.ru/incident/2017/04/04/predpolagaemyy-terroristsmertnik-opoznan-v-sanktperetburge.html. live.
  32. News: Verdächtiger Kasache ist unter den Opfern. n-tv. 4 April 2017. de. 12 March 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240312125454/https://www.n-tv.de/politik/Verdaechtiger-Kasache-ist-unter-den-Toten-article19778997.html. live.
  33. News: Azerbaijani woman confirmed dead in St. Petersburg metro blast – UPDATED. apa.az Mail. 4 April 2017. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170342/http://m.apa.az/en/azerbaijani-news/accidents-incidents-news/azerbaijani-dies-in-terror-act-in-st-petersburg.html. 5 April 2017. dead. dmy-all.
  34. Web site: St Petersburg metro bomber 'from Kyrgyzstan' . . 4 April 2017 . BBC News . 5 April 2017 . 5 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170405090647/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39490287 . live .
  35. Web site: St. Petersburg bomber came from 'very good' family, say neighbours . . 4 April 2017 . NRT . Nalia Media Corporation . 5 April 2017 . A Reuters reporter visited a house in Osh, southern Kyrgyzstan, which neighbours said was the family home of Jalilov. . 5 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170238/http://www.nrttv.com/EN/Details.aspx?Jimare=13663 . dead .
  36. Web site: St. Petersburg metro bomber reportedly identified as Kyrgyz-born ethnic Uzbek . . 4 April 2017 . MarketWatch . MarketWatch . 5 April 2017 . The man who killed 14 people and wounded dozens of others at the St. Petersburg subway station was identified Tuesday as a Kyrgyz-born suicide bomber, according to the Central Asian country's security service. . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170404180329/http://www.marketwatch.com/story/st-petersburg-metro-bomber-reportedly-identified-as-kyrgyz-born-ethnic-uzbek-2017-04-04 . live .
  37. News: St. Petersburg Subway Bomb Suspect Named as Akbarzhon Jalilov: Reports. Jamieson. Alastair. 4 April 2017. NBC News. 4 April 2017. Moscow. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404083735/http://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/st-petersburg-subway-bomb-suspect-named-akbarzhon-jalilov-reports-n742376. live.
  38. News: St Petersburg metro bombing suspect 'from Kyrgyzstan'. Walker. Shaun. 4 April 2017. The Guardian. 4 April 2017. Moscow. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404072448/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/04/st-petersburg-metro-bombing-suspect-kyrgyzstan-akbarzhon-jalilov-says-security-service. live.
  39. News: Появились новые фото предполагаемого смертника из метро Петербурга. Газета.Ru. 4 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404151449/https://www.gazeta.ru/social/news/2017/04/04/n_9879989.shtml. live.
  40. News: Sharman. Jon. Russia attack: Kyrgyzstan releases name of suspect in St Petersburg metro bombing. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/russia-attack-st-petersburg-bomber-photo-suspect-attacker-pictures-a7665936.html . 1 May 2022 . subscription . live. 4 April 2017. Independent. 4 April 2017.
  41. News: Russia arrests possible accomplices of presumed St. Petersburg bomber . The Fontanka.ru agency said Dzhalilov had traveled to Syria in 2014 and trained with Islamic State militants. The report said that Russian investigators were trying to determine his travels but that they had ascertained that the device used in the subway attack bore the hallmarks of "Syrian know-how," specifically traces of burned sugar. . . 6 April 2017 . 7 April 2017 . David . Filipov . Andrew . Roth . 6 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170406230409/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/russia-arrests-possible-accomplices-of-presumed-st-petersburg-bomber/2017/04/06/ea63ec9a-1a2c-11e7-8598-9a99da559f9e_story.html . live .
  42. Web site: Islamist group claim responsibility for St Petersburg metro attack. 25 April 2017. 10 October 2018. 11 October 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181011053502/https://www.euronews.com/2017/04/25/islamist-group-claim-responsibility-for-st-petersburg-metro-attack. live.
  43. Web site: Group with alleged al-Qaeda ties claims St. Petersburg metro bombing - DW - 25.04.2017. DW.COM. 10 October 2018. 11 October 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181011013734/https://www.dw.com/en/group-with-alleged-al-qaeda-ties-claims-st-petersburg-metro-bombing/a-38590088. live.
  44. After St Petersburg: Russia and the Threat from Central Asian Terror Networks Mark Youngman and Cerwyn Moore, RUSI, 20 April 2017 https://rusi.org/commentary/after-st-petersburg-russia-and-threat-central-asian-terror-networks
  45. News: St Petersburg Metro explosion: police suspect suicide bombing after at least 11 killed by underground blast. 3 April 2017. The Telegraph. 4 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404011448/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/03/saintpetersburg-bombing-casualties-explosion-metro-train/. live.
  46. News: Schrek. Carl. From 'Suspected' Terrorist To Apparent Victim: Kazakh Man Caught Up In Russia Subway Blast. 4 April 2017. Radio Free Europe. 5 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404195529/https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-petersburg-subway-attack-kazakh-suspect-victim/28410504.html. live.
  47. News: Tamkin. Emily. Gramer. Robbie. Explosion in St. Petersburg Metro Kills 14, Wounds Over 50. 3 April 2017. Foreign Policy. 5 April 2017. 3 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170403180051/https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/04/03/russia-st-petersburg-metro-attacks-leaves-dead-wounded-putin-was-it-terrorism/. live.
  48. News: Terror in St. Petersburg metro bomb: 11 dead, 45 injured . it . TGCOM24 . Mediaset . 4 April 2017 . 12 October 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171012082718/http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/mondo/terrore-a-san-pietroburgo-bomba-in-metropolitana-11-morti-e-45-feriti_3065026-201702a.shtml . live .
  49. News: Общественный транспорт Петербурга 4 апреля будет работать в особом режиме . Public transport of St. Petersburg on 4 April will operate in a special mode . 4 April 2017 . Fontanka . ru . 3 April 2017 . 17 July 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190717122150/https://www.fontanka.ru/2017/04/04/005/ . live .
  50. News: В эпицентре взрыва в метро Петербурга нашли тело выходца из Средней Азии. 4 April 2017. RIA Novosti. At the epicenter of the explosion in the subway Petersburg found the body of a native of Central Asia. 4 April 2017. 25 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181125202345/https://ria.ru/incidents/20170404/1491416483.html. live.
  51. News: St Petersburg metro explosion leaves 11 dead and dozens wounded. 3 April 2017. The Guardian. London. 4 April 2017. 25 November 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201125164435/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/03/st-petersburg-metro-rocked-by-explosion-sennaya-ploshchad-station. live.
  52. News: Balmforth. Tom. Migrants Warned To Lay Low in St. Petersburg, As Activists Fear Police Clampdown. 4 April 2017. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 4 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404234237/http://www.rferl.org/a/russia-petersburg-subway-blast-migrants-warned-clampdown-feared/28410738.html. live.
  53. News: President Bouteflika "vigorously" condemns "cowardly" attack on Saint-Petersburg Metro. 3 April 2017. Algeria Press Service. 5 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170406093503/http://en.aps.dz/algeria/17592-president-bouteflika-vigorously-condemns-cowardly-attack-on-saint-petersburg-metro. 6 April 2017. dead.
  54. Web site: Prezident republiky zaslal kondolenční telegram ruskému prezidentovi. hrad.cz. cs. 4 April 2017. 3 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404035138/https://www.hrad.cz/cs/pro-media/tiskove-zpravy/aktualni-tiskove-zpravy/prezident-republiky-zaslal-kondolencni-telegram-ruskemu-prezidentovi-13271#from-list. live.
  55. News: World leaders send their sympathies to St Petersburg bombing victims' families. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/st-petersburg-metro-explosion-russia-world-leaders-sympathies-victims-families-a7664636.html . 1 May 2022 . subscription . live. The Independent. 3 April 2017. 3 April 2017.
  56. Web site: Sauli Niinistö sent his condolences to Putin. Finnish national broadcasting company Yle. 3 April 2017. fi. 6 April 2017. 7 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170407055412/http://yle.fi/uutiset/3-9545021. live.
  57. Web site: PM Kvirikashvili saddened by St. Petersburg metro explosions. agenda.ge. 3 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404044027/http://agenda.ge/news/77080/eng. live.
  58. Web site: Saint Petersburg bombing – Viktor Orbán writes letter to Vladimir Putin. Website of the Hungarian Government. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170110/http://www.kormany.hu/en/the-prime-minister/news/saint-petersburg-bombing-viktor-orban-writes-letter-to-vladimir-putin. dead.
  59. Web site: Statement by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade on the terrorist attack in Saint Petersburg. Website of the Hungarian Government. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170112/http://www.kormany.hu/en/ministry-of-foreign-affairs-and-trade/news/statement-by-the-ministry-of-foreign-affairs-and-trade-on-the-terrorist-attack-in-saint-petersburg. dead.
  60. Web site: Asian leaders extend condolences to Russia over bomb blast. 4 April 2017. 4 April 2017. Asian Correspondent. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404221025/https://asiancorrespondent.com/2017/04/asian-leaders-extend-condolences-russia-bomb-blast/#8AS6YFQ2oJ0B7qKw.97. dead.
  61. News: Indonesia Condemns Russia's St. Petersburg Terror Attack. 4 April 2017. en-US. 12 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171012082714/https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/04/04/309862422/Indonesia-Condemns-Russias-St-Petersburg-Terror-Attack. live.
  62. News: Netanyahu says Israel stands with Russia after deadly metro attack. 3 April 2017. 3 April 2017. The Jerusalem Post. 4 January 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180104195828/http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Politics-And-Diplomacy/PM-Netanyahu-extends-condolences-to-Russia-following-deadly-metro-terror-attack-486000. live.
  63. Web site: Japanese PM condemns St. Petersburg terror attack, stresses solidarity with Russia. TASS. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. 6 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170406023339/http://tass.com/world/939173. live.
  64. Web site: Condolences Message to the Russian Federation. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Laos. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. 9 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170609101506/http://www.mofa.gov.la/index.php/activities/messages/1705-prime-minister-of-lao-pdr-send-the-condolences-message-of-the-russian-federation. live.
  65. Web site: Sankt Petersburg: eksplozja w metrze. Są zabici i ranni [NA ŻYWO] ]. St. Petersburg: the explosion in the subway. There are dead and wounded [LIVE] . Gazeta.PL . 3 April 2017 . pl . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170404050711/http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/14,114871,21585470.html . live .
  66. Web site: Rosja. Wybuch w metrze w Sankt Petersburguc . TVN24.pl . Inferfax: The bomb was in a suitcase. The offender was recorded on monitoring cameras . pl . 3 April 2017 . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170404045845/http://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-ze-swiata,2/rosja-wybuch-w-metrze-w-sankt-petersburgu,728979.html . live .
  67. Web site: Explosão no metro de São Petersburgo provoca vários mortos [Explosion in the subway of St. Petersburg causes several deaths] ]. . 3 April 2017 . RTP News . Rádio e Televisão de Portugal . 4 April 2017 . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170404215756/https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/mundo/explosao-no-metro-de-sao-petersburgo-provoca-varios-mortos_e992877 . live .
  68. Web site: Singapore strongly condemns heinous terror attack at St Petersburg. Bernama. Astro Awani. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. 6 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170406110209/http://english.astroawani.com/world-news/singapore-strongly-condemns-heinous-terror-attack-st-petersburg-137987. live.
  69. News: Thailand condemns subway blast in Russia. Associated Press. Bangkok Post. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404111300/http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1226891/thailand-condemns-subway-blast-in-russia. live.
  70. Web site: AA . 2017-04-04 . Erdoğan'dan Putin'e taziye mesajı . 2024-03-22 . www.hurriyet.com.tr . tr.
  71. Web site: Ukrainian foreign minister condoles with families of people killed in St. Pete. Interfax Ukraine. 3 April 2017. 3 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404215633/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/413510.html. live.
  72. News: St Petersburg Metro explosion: Russian investigators believe suicide bomber caused blast that killed 14 as suspect named. The Telegraph. 3 April 2017. Telegraph Media Group Limited. 9 April 2017. Oliphant. Roland. Boyle. Danny. 8 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170408101345/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/03/saintpetersburg-bombing-casualties-explosion-metro-train/. live.
  73. Web site: Vietnam strongly condemns subway attack in St. Petersburg. Vietnam News Agency. Vietnam Net. 4 April 2017. 5 April 2017. 6 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170406021802/http://m.english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/government/175913/vietnam-strongly-condemns-subway-attack-in-st--petersburg.html. dead.
  74. News: Bombing on St Petersburg metro leaves at least 9 dead. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/st-petersburg-metro-explosion-russia-bomb-attack-casualties-blue-line-a7664251.html . 1 May 2022 . subscription . live. 3 April 2017. The Independent. 3 April 2017. en-GB.
  75. Web site: Ukraine tightens security in light of St. Pete metro blast. Interfax Ukraine. 3 April 2017. 3 April 2017. 4 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170404215546/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/413509.html. live.
  76. Web site: 'Eiffel Tower lights go out to honor victims of St. Petersburg metro attack. TASS. 14 April 2017. 15 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170415200605/http://tass.com/world/939439. live.
  77. News: St Petersburg attacks: Isis celebrates explosions that killed 10 people . 3 April 2017 . The Independent . 3 April 2017 . Isis supporters are cheering what they claim is a terror attack, and sharing images of people caught up in and killed by the blasts. . 5 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220705123037/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/st-petersburg-attacks-isis-russia-bombings-celebrate-islamic-state-response-a7664656.html . live .

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