2017 Riyadh summit explained

Riyadh Summit 2017
Country:Saudi Arabia
Date: –
Motto:Together, We Prevail
Venues:The Ritz-Carlton, Riyadh
King Abdulaziz International Conference Center
Cities: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Participants:See below
Chairperson:King Salman of Saudi Arabia

The 2017 Riyadh summit (Arabic: قمة الرياض 2017) was a series of three summits held on 20–21 May 2017 on the occasion of the visit of United States President Donald Trump to Saudi Arabia, his first trip overseas. The summit included one bilateral meeting, between the United States and Saudi Arabia, and two multilateral meetings, one between the members of the Gulf Cooperation Council and the other with Arab and Muslim countries.[1] Leaders and representatives of 54 Arab and Muslim countries, all members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the United States took part.[2] Iran and Turkey boycotted the summit, and Syria was not invited.

United States–Saudi Arabia summit

President Trump made his first foreign trip to Saudi Arabia arriving at King Khalid International Airport on May 20, where he met with King Salman.[3] [4] [5] Trump then traveled to the Murabba Palace, where the King awarded him the Collar of Abdulaziz Al Saud.[6] Trump later visited the National Museum of Saudi Arabia.[7] In the evening, Trump and the U.S. delegation took part in the traditional ardah sword dance.

Trade agreement and arms deal

See main article: 2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal.

On May 20, 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump signed a US$350 billion arms deal with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.[8] [9] The arms deal was the largest in world history.[10] [8] [11] The transaction included tanks, combat ships missile defence systems, as well as radar, communications and cybersecurity technology. The transfer was widely seen as a counterbalance against the influence of Iran in the region.[12] [13] The arms transfer was described by news outlets as a "significant" and "historic" expansion of United States relations with Saudi Arabia.[14] [15] [16] [17] [18]

United States – Gulf Cooperation Council Summit

Trump met with GCC leaders the morning of May 21.

Arab Islamic American Summit

King Salman and President Trump gave keynote addresses at the Arab Islamic American Summit. Trump called for Muslim leaders to "drive out" terrorism from their countries, and condemned Hamas and the Iranian government for their support of the government of Bashar al-Assad. Also speaking were President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi of Egypt, Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah of Kuwait, King Abdullah II of Jordan, President Joko Widodo of Indonesia, and Prime Minister Najib Razak of Malaysia.

At the close of the summit the leaders inaugurated the new Global Center for Combating Extremism in Riyadh, intended as a centre of excellence for fighting violent extremism which is conducive to terrorism, involving a number of international counter-extremism experts.[19] To officially open the center King Salman, President Trump, and President el-Sisi placed their hands on a glowing orb in the shape of a globe, which was cause for mirth among the international media.[20]

Countries attending

  1. Afghanistan

President Ashraf Ghani

  1. Albania

Albanian Ambassador to Saudi Arabia Sami Shiba

  1. Algeria

President of the Council of the Nation Abdelkader Bensalah,[21]

  1. Azerbaijan

President Ilham Aliyev

  1. Bahrain

King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa

  1. Bangladesh

Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina

  1. Benin

President Patrice Talon

Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah

  1. Burkina Faso

President Roch Marc Kabore[22]

  1. Cameroon

Minister of Foreign Affairs Lejeune Mbella Mbella

  1. Chad

President Idriss Déby

  1. Comoros

President Azali Assoumani

  1. Djibouti

President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh

  1. Egypt

President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi

  1. Gabon

President Ali Bongo Ondimba

President Adama Barrow[23]

  1. Guinea

President Alpha Condé

  1. Guinea-Bissau

President José Mário Vaz

  1. Guyana

President David A. Granger

  1. Indonesia

President Joko Widodo

  1. Iraq

President Fuad Masum[24]

President Alassane Ouattara

  1. Jordan

King Abdullah II

  1. Kazakhstan

President Nursultan Nazarbayev

  1. Kuwait

Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah

  1. Kyrgyzstan

First Deputy Prime Minister Mukhammedkalyi Abylgaziev

  1. Lebanon

Prime Minister Saad Hariri

  1. Libya

Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj

  1. Malaysia

Prime Minister Najib Razak

  1. Maldives

President Abdulla Yameen

  1. Mali

President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta

  1. Mauritania

President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz

  1. Morocco

Minister of Foreign Affairs Nasser Bourita[25]

  1. Mozambique

Minister of Foreign Affairs José Condungua Pacheco

  1. Niger

President Mahamadou Issoufou

  1. Nigeria

Minister of Defence Mansur Dan Ali

  1. Oman

Deputy Prime Minister Fahd bin Mahmoud al Said[26]

  1. Pakistan

Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif

  1. Qatar

Emir Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani

President Mahmoud Abbas

  1. Senegal

President Macky Sall

  1. Sierra Leone

President Ernest Bai Koroma

  1. Somalia
  1. Sudan

Minister of State Taha al-Hussein

  1. Suriname

Minister of Foreign Affairs Yldiz Pollack-Beighle

  1. Tajikistan

President Emomali Rahmon

  1. Togo

President Faure Gnassingbé

  1. Tunisia

President Beji Caid Essebsi

  1. Turkey

Minister of Foreign Affairs Mevlut Cavusoglu

  1. Turkmenistan

Minister of Foreign Affairs Raşit Meredow

  1. Uganda

State Minister of Foreign Affairs for International Affairs Henry Oryem Okello

  1. Uzbekistan

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev[27]

  1. Yemen
  1. United Arab Emirates

Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan

  1. United States

President Donald Trump

Cancelled

  1. Morocco

King Mohammed VI was scheduled to attend but cancelled his plans a week prior to the summit for unspecified reasons.[28]

  1. Sudan

President Omar al-Bashir declined to attend after officials at the U.S. Embassy in Riyadh registered their objections to his planned attendance. President al-Bashir is wanted by the International Criminal Court for genocide and war crimes.[29]

Aftermath

See also: 2017 Qatar diplomatic crisis.

Emboldened by Trump's criticism of Iran, many Arab countries decided to take action against their perceived enemies. Bahrain began cracking down on its Shi'ite majority, killing 5 and arresting 286 people. Bahrain also shut down an independent newspaper and outlawed country's last opposition group.[30]

On 5 June 2017, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Yemen, Egypt and Bahrain all announced they were cutting diplomatic ties with Qatar.[30] Hamid Aboutalebi, deputy chief of staff of Iran's President Hassan Rouhani, tweeted, "What is happening is the preliminary result of the sword dance," referring to Trump's conduct at the Summit.[31] [32]

Popular culture

An image of King Salman, U.S. President Trump, and Egyptian President el-Sisi touching an illuminated globe (see above) sparked a brief commotion on the Internet, particularly the social media website Twitter. Users dubbed the globe "the Orb" and made reference to various popular culture objects, such as the Palantír from J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings series and "The Orb of Peace" from .[33] [34] The Atlantic's James Parker later wrote that "Every presidency has iconic photographs. But there’s nothing else like this one."[35]

Noticing that Americans wanted to have their picture taken with the orb, the Saudi government gave it to the US embassy as a gift. The orb was initially put on display there, but ultimately put into storage.[36]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Riyadh Summit 2017 . Riyadh Summit 2017 . Government of Saudi Arabia . 21 May 2017 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521020027/https://www.riyadhsummit2017.org/#about . 2017-05-21 .
  2. Web site: Riyadh summit discusses ways of rooting out terrorism . . 21 May 2017 . 21 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521172748/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/riyadh-summit-discusses-ways-rooting-terrorism-170521132843998.html . 21 May 2017 .
  3. News: Raw: President Trump Arrives in Saudi Arabia . . . May 20, 2017 . President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump arrived in the Saudi capital Riyadh on Saturday. It is the president's first foreign visit since his inauguration. (May 20) . May 20, 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171015120334/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXCjQAvexp4 . October 15, 2017 .
  4. News: Trump gets elaborate welcome in Saudi Arabia as he embarks on first foreign trip . . Philip . Rucker . Karen . DeYoung . May 20, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520130325/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-gets-elaborate-welcome-in-saudi-arabia-embarking-on-first-foreign-trip/2017/05/20/679f2766-3d1d-11e7-a058-ddbb23c75d82_story.html . May 20, 2017 . President Trump arrived here Saturday for his debut on the world stage [...] After Air Force One touched down in Riyadh shortly before 10 a.m. local time [...] Chatting through an interpreter, the two men sat for a cup of coffee inside the ornate V.I.P. reception terminal at King Khalid International Airport. Salman rode with Trump in the president's armored Cadillac for the drive into the city..
  5. News: Trump to Visit Saudi Arabia and Israel in First Foreign Trip . May 4, 2017 . . Baker . Peter . May 5, 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170519032436/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/04/us/politics/trump-to-visit-saudi-arabia-and-israel-in-first-foreign-trip.html?_r=0 . May 19, 2017 .
  6. News: . The Latest: Trump to announce Saudi arms deal . May 20, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520135430/http://www.mypalmbeachpost.com/news/national-govt--politics/the-latest-trump-announce-saudi-arms-deal/APElhuIpysbyV0YEAv5OeJ/ . May 20, 2017 . The king placed the Collar of Abdulaziz Al Saud around Trump's neck at a ceremony at the Royal Court in Riyadh..
  7. News: Raw: Trump Visits National Museum in Riyadh . . . May 20, 2017 . May 20, 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171015120334/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t75o-EyhSZI . October 15, 2017 .
  8. News: Trump signs largest arms deal in American history with Saudi Arabia . 2017-05-20. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521004207/https://theweek.com/speedreads/700428/trump-signs-largest-arms-deal-american-history-saudi-arabia . 2017-05-21 .
  9. Web site: Fanfare And Deals Dominate Trump's First Day in Saudi Arabia . NPR. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521010528/http://www.npr.org/2017/05/20/529313814/fanfare-and-deals-dominate-trumps-first-day-in-saudi-arabia . 2017-05-21 .
  10. News: Trump hails huge Saudi arms deal as a jobs producer . McClatchy DC. 2017-05-21 . en . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520183457/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/white-house/article151717257.html . 2017-05-20 .
  11. News: Donald Trump to announce $350bn arms deal to Saudi Arabia – one of the largest in history . 2017-05-17 . The Independent. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170517225127/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-saudi-arabia-arms-deal-sale-arab-nato-gulf-states-a7741836.html . 2017-05-17 .
  12. News: What's the goal of America's arms deal with Saudi Arabia? . 2017-05-21 . ABC News. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521123809/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-05-21/what-do-we-know-about-saudi-arabias-arms-deal-with-america/8544892 . 2017-05-21 .
  13. News: Donald Trump, Saudi Arabia Sign Agreements in Move to Counterbalance Iran . Lee . Carol E. . 2017-05-20 . The Wall Street Journal. 2017-05-21 . Stancati . Margherita . 0099-9660 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521053234/https://www.wsj.com/articles/president-donald-trump-arrives-in-saudi-arabia-as-overseas-trip-starts-1495263979 . 2017-05-21 .
  14. News: Trump signs $110bn arms deal with Saudi Arabia . 2017-05-20 . The Independent. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520180147/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/donald-trump-latest-saudi-arabia-billions-arms-deal-military-sales-a7746601.html . 2017-05-20 .
  15. Web site: What America's new arms deal with Saudi Arabia says about the Trump administration . 2017-05-20 . Vox. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520225023/https://www.vox.com/2017/5/20/15626638/trump-saudi-arabia-arms-deal . 2017-05-20 .
  16. News: Tillerson hails 'historic moment' in U.S.-Saudi relations . POLITICO. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520184940/http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/20/rex-tillerson-saudi-arabia-arms-deal-investment-historic-moment-238637 . 2017-05-20 .
  17. Web site: US-Saudi Arabia ink historic 10-year weapons deal worth $350 billion as Trump begins visit . David . Javier E. . 2017-05-20 . CNBC. 2017-05-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521021652/http://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/20/us-saudi-arabia-seal-weapons-deal-worth-nearly-110-billion-as-trump-begins-visit.html . 2017-05-21 .
  18. News: Trump signs $110B defense deal, receives warm welcome in Saudi Arabia . United Press International. 2017-05-21 . en . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521035520/http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2017/05/20/Trump-signs-110B-defense-deal-receives-warm-welcome-in-Saudi-Arabia/8291495280862/ . 2017-05-21 .
  19. News: Global Center for Combating Extremism in Riyadh adopts unprecedented techniques . 22 May 2017 . Al-Arabiya . 22 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170522032416/https://english.alarabiya.net/en/features/2017/05/22/All-you-need-to-know-on-the-Global-Center-for-Combating-Extremism-in-Riyadh.html . 22 May 2017 .
  20. News: Hanson . Hillary . Trump Touched A Glowing Orb in Saudi Arabia And Folks Found It Just A Bit Odd . 22 May 2017 . . 21 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170522030116/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/trump-twitter-orb_us_59220db2e4b03b485cb2522a . 22 May 2017 .
  21. News: Mansour . Massinissa . Algérie-Etats-Unis/Abdelkader Bensalah rencontre Donald Trump ce dimanche . 21 May 2017 . Algérie Focus . 20 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170520130049/http://www.algerie-focus.com/2017/05/algerie-etats-unis-abdelkader-bensalah-rencontre-donald-trump-dimanche/ . 20 May 2017 .
  22. News: El-Said . Mohammed . Al-Sisi holds series of meetings on margins of the Islamic-American summit in Riyadh . 21 May 2017 . . 21 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521170126/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2017/05/21/al-sisi-holds-series-meetings-margins-islamic-american-summit-riyadh/ . 21 May 2017 .
  23. News: Gambia: President Barrow Leaves For Saudi Arabia . 21 May 2017 . Jollof Media Network . 19 May 2017 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20170610194716/https://jollofnews.com/2017/05/19/gambia-president-barrow-leaves-for-saudi-arabia/ . 10 June 2017 .
  24. News: Finnegan . Connor . What to watch for in President Trump's visit to Saudi Arabia . 21 May 2017 . . May 19, 2017 . Sunni Saudi Arabia did not invite Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi, a Shiite, instead inviting the much less powerful Iraqi president Fuad Masum, a Sunni Kurd. The perceived insult was seen to alienate Abadi, a crucial partner in the international fight against ISIS, and as one former U.S. ambassador told ABC News, it betrays an American administration either too disorganized to notice or too naive to grasp the importance. . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521053411/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/watch-president-trumps-visit-saudi-arabia/story?id=47506268 . 21 May 2017 .
  25. News: Sommet de Riyad : Nasser Bourita représente le Maroc . 21 May 2017 . Ya Biladi . 21 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171015120334/https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/53865/sommet-riyad-nasser-bourita-represente.html . 15 October 2017 .
  26. News: Sayyid Fahd takes part in GCC-US Summit . 21 May 2017 . . . 21 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170521153909/http://timesofoman.com/article/109440/Oman/Government/Sayyid-Fahd-takes-part-in-GCC-US-Summit . 21 May 2017 .
  27. News: Mirziyoyev to participate at meeting of Trump with Muslim leaders in Riyadh . 21 May 2017 . Akipress . 19 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170519064114/http://akipress.com/news%3A592585/ . 19 May 2017 .
  28. News: Lahsini . Chaima . King Mohammed VI Cancels His Visits to Egypt and Saudi Arabia . 21 May 2017 . Morocco World News . 19 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171015120334/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2017/05/217068/king-mohammed-vi-cancels-his-visits-to-egypt-and-saudi-arabia/ . 15 October 2017 .
  29. Web site: Hensch . Mark . Sudan leader to miss Saudi summit with Trump . . 21 May 2017 . 19 May 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171015120335/http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/334220-sudan-leader-to-miss-saudi-summit-with-trump-report . 15 October 2017 .
  30. Web site: 5 Arab States Break Ties With Qatar, Complicating U.S. Coalition-Building . Anne . Barnard . David . Kirkpatrick . June 5, 2017 . June 5, 2017 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170605113423/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/05/world/middleeast/qatar-saudi-arabia-egypt-bahrain-united-arab-emirates.html . June 5, 2017 .
  31. News: Arab powers sever Qatar ties, widening rift among US allies. 5 June 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170605045835/https://www.yahoo.com/news/saudi-arabia-egypt-uae-sever-ties-qatar-over-040718986.html . 5 June 2017 .
  32. Web site: Saudi Arabia, Egypt lead Arab states cutting Qatar ties, Iran blames Trump . AP, Reuters . 5 June 2017 . CNBC. 5 June 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170605052416/http://www.cnbc.com/2017/06/04/saudi-arabia-bahrain-and-egypt-cut-diplomatic-ties-with-qatar.html . 5 June 2017 .
  33. News: The hilarious Trump orb photo is a nearly perfect metaphor for his foreign policy. Beauchamp. Zack. 22 May 2017. Vox. 23 January 2020. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20191218064332/https://www.vox.com/world/2017/5/22/15674782/trump-orb-what. 18 December 2019.
  34. News: 'One orb to rule them all': image of Donald Trump and glowing globe perplexes internet. Hunt. Elle. 22 May 2017. The Guardian. 23 January 2020. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170522034214/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/may/22/one-orb-to-rule-them-all-image-of-trump-and-glowing-globe-perplexes-internet. 22 May 2017.
  35. News: When Donald Trump Touched the Magic Orb. Parker. James. 13 January 2019. The Atlantic. 23 January 2020. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20190830023759/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/01/trumps-orb-image-proved-to-be-a-revelation/579619/. 30 August 2019.
  36. News: Pengelly. Martin. 'One orb, slightly used': MBS book reveals fate of Trump's mysterious Saudi sphere. 2020-03-04. The Guardian. 2020-03-04. en-GB. 0261-3077. 2021-02-15. https://web.archive.org/web/20210215205449/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/mar/04/trump-orb-saudi-arabia-mbs-book. live.

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