| Champ: |  Bethanie Mattek-Sands Lucie Šafářová |
| Runner: |  Ashleigh Barty Casey Dellacqua |
| Score: | 6–2, 6–1 |
| Before Name: | French Open – Women's doubles |
| After Name: | French Open – Women's doubles |
See main article: 2017 French Open. Caroline Garcia and Kristina Mladenovic were the defending champions, but Garcia chose not to participate this year. Mladenovic played alongside Svetlana Kuznetsova, but lost in the third round to Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Lucie Šafářová.
Mattek-Sands and Šafářová went on to win their second French Open title and their third successive Grand Slam title, defeating Ashleigh Barty and Casey Dellacqua in the final, 6–2, 6–1.