The women's 10,000 metres event at the 2017 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, at Zdzisław Krzyszkowiak Stadium on 14 July.
Prior to the competition, the records were as follows:
| European U23 record | 30:26.41 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 12 August 2016 | ||
| Championship U23 record | 32:18.05 | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 15 July 2011 |
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| align=left | align=left | 31:39.80 | CR | ||||
| align=left | align=left | 32:46.91 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 33:33.22 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 33:40.75 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 33:44.13 | PB | ||||
| align=left | align=left | 33:50.37 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 33:51.53 | PB | ||||
| align=left | align=left | 34:04.57 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 34:13.77 | PB | ||||
| 10 | align=left | align=left | 34:14.12 | ||||
| 11 | align=left | align=left | 34:15.15 | PB | |||
| 12 | align=left | align=left | 34:20.21 | PB | |||
| 13 | align=left | align=left | 35:04.60 | PB | |||
| 14 | align=left | align=left | 35:04.87 | PB | |||
| 15 | align=left | align=left | 35:20.98 | ||||
| 16 | align=left | align=left | 35:25.33 | PB | |||
| 17 | align=left | align=left | 35:29.24 | PB | |||
| 18 | align=left | align=left | 35:41.54 | ||||
| 19 | align=left | align=left | 35:56.04 | ||||
| 20 | align=left | align=left | 36:18.40 | ||||
| 21 | align=left | align=left | 36:23.58 | ||||
| 22 | align=left | align=left | 36:28.92 | PB | |||
| 23 | align=left | align=left | 37:22.04 | ||||
| 24 | align=left | align=left | 37:47.56 | ||||
| align=left | align=left | ||||||
| align=left | align=left |