The men's 10,000 metres event at the 2017 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, at Zdzisław Krzyszkowiak Stadium on 13 July.
Prior to the competition, the records were as follows:
| European U23 record | 27:24.09 | Mersin, Turkey | 2 May 2015 | ||
| Championship U23 record | 27:53.38 | Tallinn, Estonia | 9 July 2015 |
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| align=left | align=left | 29:28.06 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:34.94 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:42.85 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:52.02 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:53.64 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:54.02 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:54.82 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:55.97 | |||||
| align=left | align=left | 29:56.31 | |||||
| 10 | align=left | align=left | 30:09.37 | ||||
| 11 | align=left | align=left | 30:14.14 | ||||
| 12 | align=left | align=left | 30:23.09 | ||||
| 13 | align=left | align=left | 30:25.08 | ||||
| 14 | align=left | align=left | 30:36.63 | ||||
| 15 | align=left | align=left | 30:37.49 | ||||
| 16 | align=left | align=left | 31:02.24 | ||||
| 17 | align=left | align=left | 31:02.43 | ||||
| 18 | align=left | align=left | 31:08.92 | ||||
| align=left | align=left |