| Date: | 19 February 2017 |
| Country: | Ecuador |
| Do you agree that, in order to hold a position of popular election or to be a public servant, it is established as a prohibition to have assets or capital, of any nature, in tax havens? | |
| Yes: | 5,030,579 |
| No: | 4,096,559 |
| Invalid: | 1,336,496 |
| Electorate: | 12,816,698 |
A referendum on banning politicians and civil servants from having bank accounts or companies based in tax havens was held in Ecuador on 19 February 2017, alongside general elections.[1] The proposal was approved by voters, giving officials one year to transfer their assets or be removed from their posts.[2]
The question on the ballot was "Do you agree that, for those holding a popularly elected office or for public servants, there should be a prohibition on holding assets or capital, of any nature, in tax havens?"[3]
In preparation for the referendum, the Ecuadorian Internal Revenue Service issued a resolution outlining the criteria for a jurisdiction to be considered a tax haven, establishing two categories: Preferential tax regimes, and low tax jurisdictions.[4] A preferential tax regime was classed as a jurisdiction whose effective tax rate is below 60% in relation to the Ecuadorian corporate income tax (CIT) rate of 13.2%.[4] A low tax jurisdiction was classed as having an effective tax rate below 60% in relation to the Ecuadorian CIT of 13.2% and no substantial economic activity.[4] The IRS may remove a country from their list of tax havens if it reforms its tax policy, if it enforces a treaty to avoid double taxation, including a special information exchange clause, or if its laws do not include banking confidentiality, securities or other regulations that prohibit sharing information with the Ecuadorian IRS.[4]
Along with this definition, the Ecuadorian IRS published a list of countries which currently meet the definition of a tax haven under their law.[4] This list included 28 jurisdictions in the Americas, 19 in Oceania, 16 in Europe, 13 in Asia, 9 in Africa and two other island territories.
| valign=top | Africa | valign=top | Americas | valign=top | Asia | valign=top | Europe
| valign=top | Oceania | valign=top | Other |
Outgoing President Rafael Correa stated that he would campaign in favour of the proposal, having previously stated that tax havens were one of the biggest issues for democracy.[5]
| Choice | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| Yes | 5,030,579 | 55.12 |
| No | 4,096,559 | 44.88 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,336,496 | – |
| Total | 10,472,302 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 12,816,698 | 81.64 |
| align=left colspan=3 | Source: CNE |
Angola
Cape Verde
Djibouti
Liberia
Mauritius
Nigeria
Seychelles
Swaziland
Tunisia
American Samoa
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bermuda
Cayman Islands
Costa Rica
Dominica
Greenland
Grenada
Guyana
Montserrat
Panama
Puerto Rico
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Lucia
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands
Bahrain
Brunei Darussalam
Jordan
Kuwait
Malaysia
Maldives
Myanmar
Oman
Sri Lanka
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Albania
Andorra
Portugal
Cyprus
Gibraltar
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Czech Republic
San Marino
Norway
Christmas Island
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Niue
Norfolk Island
Palau
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu