2016 World Rally Championship Explained

The 2016 FIA World Rally Championship was the 44th season of the World Rally Championship, a rallying championship recognised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) as the highest class of international rallying. Teams and drivers competed in thirteen rounds—starting with the Rallye Monte Carlo in January and finishing with Rally Australia in November—for the World Rally Championships for Drivers and Manufacturers.

Sébastien Ogier started the season as the defending drivers' champion. His team, Volkswagen Motorsport, were the defending manufacturers' champions. Both Ogier and Volkswagen Motorsport claimed their fourth consecutive drivers' and manufacturers' championships.

Calendar

The calendar was announced in November 2015 by the FIA.[1] The season was scheduled to expand with one rally in comparison to the 2015 championship, contested over fourteen rounds in Europe, the Americas, Oceania and Asia,[2] [3] but the Chinese round was ultimately cancelled.

RoundDatesRally nameRally headquartersSurfaceStagesDistance
121–24 January Monte Carlo RallyGap, Hautes-Alpes, France16337.59km
212–14 February Rally SwedenKarlstad, VärmlandSnow12
33–6 March Rally MexicoLeón, GuanajuatoGravel21399.67km
421–24 April Rally ArgentinaVilla Carlos Paz, CórdobaGravel18364.68km
519–22 May Rally de PortugalMatosinhos, PortoGravel19368.00km
69–12 Junenowrap Rally Italia SardegnaAlghero, SardiniaGravel19324.60km
730 June–3 July Rally PolandMikołajki, Warmia-MasuriaGravel21306.10km
828–31 July Rally FinlandJyväskylä, Keski-SuomiGravel24333.99km
919–21 August Rallye DeutschlandTrier, Rhineland-PalatinateTarmac18306.80km
109–11 September Rally ChinaBeijing, HebeiTarmacCancelled
11nowrap30 September–2 October Tour de CorseBastia, Haute-CorseTarmac10390.92km
1213–16 OctoberSalou, Tarragona21321.08km
1328–30 October Wales Rally GBDeeside, FlintshireGravel22336.00km
1418–20 November Rally AustralianowrapCoffs Harbour, New South WalesGravel23283.36km
Notes:

Calendar changes

Teams and drivers

The following teams and drivers competed in the World Rally Championship during the 2016 season:

World Rally Car entries eligible to score manufacturer points
ConstructorEntrantTyreDriversRounds
Volkswagen
1 Julien IngrassiaAll
2 Miikka AnttilaAll
Volkswagen Motorsport II9 Anders Jæger[10] All
Hyundai
(Hyundai i20 WRC)
3 Thierry Neuville Nicolas Gilsoul[11]
Hayden Paddon[12] John Kennard5–6
4 Dani Sordo[13] Marc Martí
Hayden Paddon[14] John Kennard2, 7–8, 13
Hyundai Motorsport N10 Hayden Paddon[15] John Kennard1
Kevin Abbring5–6, 11
20 Dani Sordo Marc Martí2, 7, 13
Hayden Paddon John Kennard3–4, 9–12
Thierry Neuville Nicolas Gilsoul5–6
Kevin Abbring8
Ford
5 Mads Østberg Ola Fløene[16] All
6 Eric Camilli[17] Nicolas Klinger1–2
3–13
[18] 12 Ott Tänak Raigo MõlderAll
21 Martin Prokop Jan Tománek3, 5–6, 11
30 Yazeed Al-Rajhi Michael Orr2, 5–8, 12
World Rally Car entries ineligible to score manufacturer points
ConstructorEntrantTyreDriversRounds
Citroën
7 Kris Meeke Paul Nagle[19] 1–2, 5, 8, 10–12
Stéphane Lefebvre[20] Gabin Moreau7
8 Gabin Moreau1, 5
Craig Breen Scott Martin7–8, 10–12
10 Stéphane Lefebvre[21] Gabin Moreau9
14 Khalid Al Qassimi Chris Patterson2, 5, 8, 12
Stéphane Lefebvre[22] Gilles De Turckheim13
15 Craig Breen Scott Martin2
Marcos Ligato[23] Rubén García4, 8
16 Quentin Gilbert Renaud Jamoul13
83 José Alberto Nicolas Miguel Recalt4
Leonardo Suaya[24] 8
D-Max Racing18 Felice Re Mara Bariani1
Ford
Adapta Motorsport15 Henning Solberg[25] Ilka Minor2, 4–7, 12
BRC Racing Team[26] rownspan=3 align="center" 16 Robert Kubica[27] 1
Motorsport Italia16 Benito Guerra[28] Borja Rozada3
M-Sport World Rally Team17 Bryan Bouffier[29] Victor Bellotto1
22 Erik Melichárek5
FWRT s.r.l.37 Lorenzo Bertelli[30] Simone Scattolin
A-Style Team81 Federico Della Casa[31] Domenico Pozzi6
AT Rally Team81 Oleksiy Tamrazov Nicola Arena8
Abdullah Al Qassimi Rally Team81 Abdullah Al Qassimi Steve Lancaster8, 12
Delta Rally83 Roberto Tononi Paolo Comini6
Toksport World Rally Team84 Matti Koskelo Rami Suorsa8
Mini
Eurolamp World Rally Team18 Valeriy Gorban Volodymyr Korsia2–8, 11–12
82 Mait Maarend Mihkel Kapp2, 6

Constructor changes

Driver changes

Rally summaries

Round 1 — Monte Carlo Rally

Defending World Champion Sébastien Ogier started the season with a win in Monte Carlo, his third consecutive in the principality. Ogier and Kris Meeke fought for the rally lead until Meeke hit a rock on SS12. He managed to return to the stage finish but was forced to withdraw due to damage sustained to his gearbox. Jari-Matti Latvala retired from third after losing control of his car and running off the road, hitting a spectator, though no-one was seriously injured. Andreas Mikkelsen finished second after resisting Thierry Neuville. Only seven WRC cars reached the end of the rally after six retirements.[37]

Round 2 — Rally Sweden

The Rally Sweden was marked by the lack of snow, which forced the organization to change the rally route and cancel some of the stages that had started to thaw out, making the studded snow tyres unsafe to use. Ogier protested the event going ahead, but with the changes to the route approved by the FIA, he took to the start and went on to claim the win.

Jari-Matti Latvala was delayed by mechanical issues, suffering a broken drive shaft early in the second stage. Andreas Mikkelsen in the third Polo R WRC was Ogier's early challenger, but as the temperature started to drop and the roads started to freeze over, Hayden Paddon emerged as his biggest rival. By the third day, the roads had completely set, allowing Ogier to maintain his lead. Mads Østberg completed the podium, having taken advantage of his rivals' ongoing battles to build and sustain a margin big enough to maintain third overall.

Round 3 — Rally Mexico

Having scored no points in the opening rounds while Ogier took a full 58, Jari-Matti Latvala started the Rally Mexico needing to secure a strong result if he was to have any hope of mounting a bid for the World Drivers' Championship. With the running order set based on championship positions, Ogier was forced to sweep the roads clear of loose gravel, while Latvala enjoyed comparatively clean roads. He took advantage of this from the first stage, establishing an early lead that he consistently built upon throughout the first two days of the event. With the running order for the final day—which included the single longest special stage on the calendar, weighing in at eighty kilometres—based on the rally standings, Latvala's advantage was quashed, but his lead strong enough to secure his first win of the season ahead of Ogier. Hyundai's Dani Sordo finished third overall, but a late penalty handed the final podium place to Mads Østberg.

Round 4 — Rally Argentina

Wishing to continue his point scoring momentum, Jari-Matti Latvala targeted Argentina as another rally to win to further his championship standings. Another driver determined to score a podium in this rally was Hayden Paddon. The two drivers were in close competition on Friday, but by Saturday morning Latvala pulled ahead. In the afternoon, however, Latvala suffered a major accident, forcing him to retire, and giving the lead to Paddon. Engine problems on Sunday combined with a quick time from Sebastian Ogier on the penultimate stage meant the winner would be decided on the power stage. Hayden Paddon won the power stage and took his first WRC event win. Sebastian Ogier placed second, While Andreas Mikkelsen placed third. Paddon was elevated to second place in the overall championship, but Volkswagen Motorsport held the lead in the manufacturers championship.

Round 5 — Rally de Portugal

Participating in his third even of the season as Citroën was not included in the manufacturers championship, Kris Meeke was determined to gain experience for the upcoming 2017 season. He managed to keep a strong lead throughout Friday, but second place was in high contention. Dani Sordo and Sebastian Ogier fought for the position in the afternoon. Hayden Paddon and Ott Tänak would run off of the road in the same place. Paddon's car became engulfed in flames which destroyed it, but Tänak managed to pull his vehicle away from the inferno. Saturday proved only to increase the gap between Meeke and Ogier, and on Sunday Andreas Mikkelsen would take second place off of Ogier. Kris Meeke took the event win, but Ogier would take the three power stage points.

Round 6 — Rally Italia Sardegna

Jari-Matti Latvala wished to gain another win in Italy's WRC Event to reignite his season after scoring points in only two of five events so far. He led Friday morning, but by the last stage was passed by Thierry Neuville. Hayden Paddon ran off of the road on stage seven, destroying his car for the second event in a row. Andreas Mikkelsen and later Mads Ostberg would both be involved in incidents on Saturday afternoon, forcing Mikkelsen out of the point-scoring positions and Ostberg to retire. Thierry Neuville would win his second WRC event, followed by Latvala in second and then Ogier, who managed to score all three power stage points.

Round 7 — Rally Poland

After career-best position in Poland in 2015, Ott Tänak was determined to make the most out of this year's running of the event. Friday saw the lead changing between Tänak, Andreas Mikkelsen, and Hayden Paddon, the later two of which wanted redemption for the lack of points in Sardinia. On Saturday, Tänak would expand his lead over Andreas, who was close behind. Sunday seemed as if Tänak would take the victory, but on the penultimate stage Tänak would receive a punctured tire, putting him in second place. Andreas Mikkelsen ended up winning the event ahead of a crushed Tänak, with Hayden Paddon finishing in third.

Round 8 — Rally Finland

Being his home event, and after winning the event the previous two years, Jari-Matti Latvala was an obvious contender in Finland. Kris Meeke would return to participate for the first time after his victory in Portugal. Meeke took the lead on Friday and held it firm, while Latvala chased behind. Ott Tänak, despite holding an early second place, would spin and puncture a tire before the day was out. Sebastian Ogier would get stuck in a ditch, putting him out of the points. On Saturday, Meeke would distance his lead over Latvala a long way. Stages thirteen and fourteen would be canceled by violent crashes by Lorenzo Bertelli and Eric Camilli respectively. Craig Breen would find his way into third after Tänak's crash. On Sunday, Meeke became the first Brit to win the event. Latvala would follow up, and Craig Breen would score third, a personal best. Kris Meeke ended up breaking the record for the highest average speed in a rally.

Round 9 — Rallye Deutschland

The first event on tarmac since Monte Carlo, Sebastian Ogier would not have to clean the roads as he did by going first in gravel stages. Though determined to place first, an early mistake pushed him behind Andreas Mikkelsen. Thierry Neuville, considering Germany his home event as it is the closest event to his home country Belgium, kept behind Ogier in third. Jari-Matti Latvala retired on the first stage due to gearbox issues. Ogier would regain the lead on Saturday, and Dani Sordo would take third from Neuville. By the end of the event, Mikkelsen would fall a further two positions, giving the win to Ogier. Dani Sordo would place second, finishing ahead of Neuville by less than a tenth of a second.

Round 10 — Tour de Corse

Due to the cancellation of Rally China, the Tour de Corse was the round after Rallye Deutschland. Being another tarmac event, Sebastian Ogier saw this as another opportunity to take a win. Ogier started off strongly, winning all four events on Friday. Kris Meeke pushed his way into second, but a spin and a puncture set him back. Dani Sordo also fell from second due to a puncture. This gave the position to Thierry Neuville and third to Jari-Matti Latvala. On Saturday, Andreas Mikkelsen overtook Latvala and attempted to chase Neuville. Meeke would crash on Saturday, pulling him out of the points places. The event would finish in the order it was in that evening, with Ogier finishing first, Neuville finishing second, and Mikkelsen in third. Despite finishing in sixteenth, Meeke would take first in the power stage.

Results and standings

Season summary

RoundEvent nameWinning driverWinning co-driver
1 Sébastien Ogier Julien Ingrassia3:49:53.1Report
2 Rally Sweden Sébastien Ogier Volkswagen Motorsport1:59:47.4Report
3 Rally Mexico Miikka Anttila Volkswagen Motorsport4:25:57.4Report
4 Rally Argentina John Kennard Hyundai Motorsport N3:40:52.9Report
5 Rally de Portugal Paul Nagle Abu Dhabi Total WRT3:59:01.0Report
6nowrap Rally Italia Sardegna Nicolas Gilsoul Hyundai Motorsport N3:35:25.8Report
7 Rally Poland Andreas Mikkelsen Anders Jæger Volkswagen Motorsport II2:37:34.4Report
8 Rally Finland Kris Meeke Paul Nagle Abu Dhabi Total WRT2:38:05.8Report
9 Rallye Deutschland Sébastien Ogier Volkswagen Motorsport3:00:26.7Report
10 Rally ChinaRally cancelled (due to the 2016 China floods)
11 Tour de Corse Sébastien Ogier Volkswagen Motorsport4:07:17.0Report
12 Sébastien Ogier Volkswagen Motorsport3:13:03.6Report
13 Wales Rally GB Sébastien Ogier Volkswagen Motorsport3:14:30.2Report
14 Rally Australia Andreas Mikkelsen Anders Jæger Volkswagen Motorsport II2:46:05.7Report

FIA World Rally Championship for Drivers

Points are awarded to the top ten classified finishers. There are also three bonus points awarded to the winner of the Power stage, two points for second place and one for third.

Position 1st  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th 
Points251815121086421
DriverMON
SWE
MEX
ARG
POR
ITA
POL
FIN
GER
CHN
FRA
ESP
GBR
AUS
Points
1 Sébastien Ogier111121233131612413C1312121268
2 Thierry Neuville314Ret6291434131C233332160
32342Ret32313174C32Ret1221154
4 Hayden Paddon2525311RetRet3525C6444138
5 Dani Sordo62644244RetWD2C723653130
6 Jari-Matti LatvalaRet26121662235223482C414179112
7 Mads Østberg43357Ret866C9586102
8 Ott Tänak75615Ret52Ret23C10621788
9 Kris MeekeRet23311C161Ret564
10 Craig Breen873C510Ret36
11 Eric CamilliRetRet1685610Ret50C81910Ret28
12 Esapekka Lappi912211487C11816
13 Stéphane Lefebvre5359RetC914
14 Henning Solberg792771512CWD14
15 Martin Prokop789CRet12
16 Kevin AbbringRet1529CRet7Ret10
17 Pontus Tidemand11919Ret8C9138
18 Teemu Suninen12109458111056C1528148
19 Jan Kopecký19109C12816WD7
20 Marcos Ligato744C6
21 Elfyn Evans8917301311C11WD6
22 Lorenzo BertelliRetRet813WDRet12RetWDC171115105
23 Armin Kremer101912Ret10CRet2
24 Nicolás Fuchs141010Ret20C21112
25 Valeriy Gorban2410RetRet282721C15371
- Yazeed Al RajhiRet11Ret17Ret0 Benito Guerra130
Khalid Al-Qassimi192616120
Felice Re200
Mait Maarend34Ret0
Robert KubicaRetWD0
Bryan BouffierRet0
DriverMON
SWE
MEX
ARG
POR
ITA
POL
FIN
GER
CHN
FRA
ESP
GBR
AUS
Points
Notes:
1 2 3 – Indicate position on Power stage

FIA World Rally Championship for Co-Drivers

Points are awarded to the top ten classified finishers. There are also three bonus points awarded to the winner of the Power stage, two points for second place and one for third.

Position 1st  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th 
Points251815121086421
Co-driverMON
SWE
MEX
ARG
POR
ITA
POL
FIN
GER
CHN
FRA
ESP
GBR
AUS
Points
1 Julien Ingrassia111121233131612413C1312121268
2 Nicolas Gilsoul314Ret6291434131C233332160
3 Anders Jæger2342Ret32313174C 32Ret1221154
4 John Kennard2525311RetRet3525C6444138
5 Marc Martí62644244RetWD2C723653130
6 Miikka AnttilaRet26121662235223482C414179112
7 Ola Fløene43357Ret866C9586102
8 Raigo Mõlder75615Ret52Ret23C10621788
9 Paul NagleRet23311C161Ret564
10 Scott Martin873C510Ret36
11 Benjamin Veillas1685610Ret50C81910Ret28
12 Janne Ferm912211487C118 16
13 Ilka Minor792771512CWD14
14 Gabin Moreau5359RetC12
15 Jan Tomanek789CRet12
16Ret1529CRet7Ret10
17 Jonas Andersson1911919Ret8C9138
18 Mikko Markkula12109458111056C1528148
19 Pavel Dresler19109C12816WD7
20 Rubén Garcia744C6
21 Craig Parry8917301311C11WD6
22 Simone ScattolinRetRet813WDRet12RetWDC171115105
23C92
24 Pirmin Winklhofer101912Ret10CRet2
25141010Ret20C21112
26 Volodymyr Korsia2410RetRet282721C15371
Co-driverMON
SWE
MEX
ARG
POR
ITA
POL
FIN
GER
CHN
FRA
ESP
GBR
AUS
Points
Notes:
1 2 3 – Indicate position on Power stage

FIA World Rally Championship for Manufacturers

Points are awarded to the top ten classified finishers.[38]

Position 1st  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th 
Points251815121086421
ManufacturerMON
SWE
MEX
ARG
POR
ITA
POL
FIN
GER
CHN
FRA
ESP
GBR
AUS
Points
1 Volkswagen Motorsport1112223671C1112377
2Ret81952518C4868
2 Hyundai Motorsport337Ret6RetRet423C2333312
4524434332C6254
3 Volkswagen Motorsport II924Ret318154C3Ret91163
4 M-Sport World Rally Team543356Ret746C8576162
6RetRet87468Ret9C798Ret
5 Hyundai Motorsport N107Ret9C7146
2065191Ret65C5445
6 DMACK World Rally Team126568Ret52Ret7C962798
721777CRet18
8 Yazeed Racing30Ret8RetRetRetCRet4
ManufacturerMON
SWE
MEX
ARG
POR
ITA
POL
FIN
GER
CHN
FRA
ESP
GBR
AUS
Points

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2016 FIA World Rally Championship Calendar. fia.com. Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile. 3 November 2015. 20 December 2015.
  2. News: WRC 2016 dates confirmed. WRC.com. 3 November 2015.
  3. News: WRC 2016 dates & surfaces. eWRC-results.com. 3 November 2015.
  4. Web site: Weather forces Sweden route revamp. WRC.com. WRC.com. 11 February 2016.
  5. Web site: Rally China cancelled due to weather damage - wrc.com. www.wrc.com. 16 August 2016.
  6. News: Rally Australia on preliminary 2016 WRC draft schedule. Gordan. Lomas. speedcafe. 14 May 2015. 20 July 2015.
  7. News: China on provisional WRC calendar. autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 5 November 2015.
  8. News: Rally GB secures WRC future. Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 5 August 2015. 5 August 2015.
  9. News: New look for Corsica encounter. wrc.com. WRC Promoter GmbH. 5 May 2016.
  10. News: Jaeger replaces Fløene alongside Mikkelsen. 8 December 2015. World Rally Championship. WRC.com.
  11. News: Rally Monte Carlo entry list. eWRC-results.com. 3 December 2015.
  12. News: Rally Portugal Entry List. rallydeportugal.com. 30 April 2016. 30 April 2016. 3 June 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160603121636/http://www.rallydeportugal.pt/ResourcesUser/Documentos/Rally_Guide_2/RP2016_Entry_List_29_04FINAL.pdf. dead.
  13. News: Hayden Paddon secures Hyundai WRC future. speedcafe.com. 19 October 2015. 20 October 2015. While there has been speculation about whether Neuville will leave the squad, he along with experienced Spaniard Dani Sordo remain under contract with Hyundai next year.. https://archive.today/20151223140904/http://m.speedcafe.com/2015/10/20/hayden-paddon-secures-hyundai-wrc-future/. 2015-12-23. dead.
  14. News: Paddon gets three-year deal with Hyundai. WRC.com. WRC Promoter GmbH. 19 October 2015. 19 October 2015.
  15. News: Rally Sweden Entry List. ewrc-results.com. 12 January 2016. 12 January 2016.
  16. News: Ola Floene is Mads Ostberg's new co-driver!. https://web.archive.org/web/20151209074355/http://madsostberg.no/Home/PressArticle/1043. dead. 9 December 2015. madsostberg.no. Mads Østberg official site. 7 December 2015.
  17. News: Østberg and Camili join M-Sport. WRC.com. World Rally Championship. 30 November 2015.
  18. News: Tänak to DMACK in 2016. wrc.com. WRC Promoter. 27 November 2015. 27 November 2015. 9 October 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191009124711/https://www.wrc.com/en/wrc/news/november/T%25C3%25A4nak-to-dmack-in-2016/page/3022--12-12-.html. dead.
  19. News: Meeke, Lefebvre and Breen join DS 3 squad. WRC.com. WRC Promoter GmbH. 18 December 2015. 22 December 2015.
  20. News: Rally Poland Entry List. rajdpolski.pl. 7 June 2016. 8 June 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160615090935/http://www.rajdpolski.pl/pliki/zawodnicy/2016/entry_list_-_pzm_73rd_rally_poland.pdf. 2016-06-15. dead.
  21. News: ADAC Rallye Deutschland Entry List. ewrc-results.com. 29 July 2016. 29 July 2016.
  22. News: Wales Rally GB Entry List. walesrallygb.com. 11 October 2016. 11 October 2016. 19 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161019152658/http://www.walesrallygb.com/documents/WRGB_List_of_Entries_Received_-_Approved_by_FIA.pdf. dead.
  23. News: Official FIA entry list — Rally Argentina 2016. www.rallyargentina.com. rallyargentina.com. 3 April 2016. 4 April 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160416173739/http://www.rallyargentina.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/OFFICIAL-FIA-ENTRY-LIST-RA16-APP.pdf. 16 April 2016. dead.
  24. News: Rally Finland Entry List. ewrc-results.com. ewrc-results.com. 3 July 2016.
  25. News: Rally RACC Catalunya Entry List. ewrc-results.com. ewrc-results.com. 24 September 2016.
  26. News: BRC Racing Team at Rallye Montecarlo. rally.brc.it. brc.it. 7 January 2016. 7 January 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160115093900/http://rally.brc.it/dettaglio-news.asp?id=50249. 2016-01-15. dead.
  27. News: Ex-F1 driver Robert Kubica contest WRC season opener in Monte Carlo. 26 December 2015.
  28. News: Rally Mexico Entry List. 16 February 2016.
  29. News: Rallye Montecarlo Entry List. ewrc-results.com. ewrc-results.com. 30 December 2015. 30 December 2015.
  30. News: Fresh start for Bertelli in 2016. 26 December 2015.
  31. News: Rally Italia Sardegna Entry List. ewrc-results.com. ewrc-results.com. 19 May 2016. 21 May 2016.
  32. News: Citroën commits to WRC future. 19 November 2015. 19 November 2015.
  33. News: Citroën elects to sit out 2016 WRC season. speedcafe.com. 19 November 2015. 20 November 2015. https://archive.today/20151223140904/http://m.speedcafe.com/2015/11/20/citroen-elects-to-sit-out-2016-wrc-season/. 2015-12-23. dead.
  34. Web site: Evans set for WRC2 title assault in M-Sport Ford Fiesta R5 – WRC2 – The Checkered Flag. theCheckeredFlag.co.uk. 5 January 2016. 6 January 2016.
  35. News: M-Sport reveal shock 2015 driver line-up. speedcafe.com. 30 November 2015. 1 December 2015. https://archive.today/20151223140904/http://m.speedcafe.com/2015/12/01/m-sport-reveal-shock-2016-driver-line-up/. 2015-12-23. dead.
  36. News: Mixed 2016 Plan for Abbring. WRC.com. World Rally Championship. 26 November 2015.
  37. News: WRC Monte Carlo Rally: Sebastien Ogier wins 2016 season opener. 28 January 2016.
  38. Web site: Standings. 2 January 2017.