| Election Name: | 2016 Vietnamese parliamentary election |
| Country: | Vietnam |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 2011 Vietnamese legislative election |
| Previous Year: | 2011 |
| Next Election: | 2021 Vietnamese legislative election |
| Next Year: | 2021 |
| Seats For Election: | 496 seats to the National Assembly |
| Majority Seats: | 249 |
| Turnout: | 99.35% |
| Colour1: | D40000 |
| Leader1: | Nguyễn Phú Trọng |
| Party1: | Communist Party of Vietnam |
| Seats Before1: | 458 |
| Seats1: | 475 |
| Seats After1: | 464 |
| Seat Change1: | 17 |
| Colour2: | B8B8B8 |
| Leader2: | no one |
| Party2: | Independent |
| Seats Before2: | 42 |
| Seats2: | 21 |
| Seats After2: | 19 |
| Seat Change2: | 21 |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Election: | Nguyễn Xuân Phúc |
Parliamentary elections were held in Vietnam on 22 May 2016. The members of the National Assembly, which would subsequently appoint the Prime Minister, and deputies of People's Councils at all levels were to be elected.[1] As Vietnam is a one-party state, the ruling Communist Party of Vietnam was the only party to contest the elections.
The election date, a Sunday according to electoral law, was announced on 24 November 2015.
The members of the National Assembly were elected from 184 multi-member constituencies using the two-round system, with a maximum number of 500 candidates to be elected; candidates had to receive at least 50% of the vote in the first round to be elected, with a second round held on a plurality basis.[2]
A total of 870 candidates were approved to run for election,[3] including 97 independents and 11 self-nominees.[4]
Initially the Communist Party had 475 elected delegates. However 2 delegates were disqualified from duty before the first meeting of the newly elected National Assembly. Therefore the Communist Party had 473 elected delegates at the end.