2016 Hama offensive explained

Conflict:2016 Hama offensive
Width:400px
Partof:the Syrian civil war and the Russian military intervention in Syria
Date:29 August – 6 November 2016
Place:Hama Governorate, Syria
Result:Partial rebel victory
Combatant1: Jund al-Aqsa (part of Jabhat Fateh al-Sham since 9 October)[8] [9]

Army of Conquest[12]

Foreign mujahideen outside the Army of Conquest

Free Syrian Army
Sham Legion[20]

Combatant2: Syrian Arab Republic

Hezbollah[21]
SSNP[22]
Iranian paramilitaries[23]
Guardians of the Dawn[24]
Supported by:
Russia (air strikes)

Commander1: Omran Jabayereh
(Jund al-Aqsa senior commander)
Abu Rayan Al-Hamwi
(leader of Abna al-Sham)
Abu Jassem al-Sourani
(Abna al-Sham senior commander)
Abu al-Baraa al-Hamawi
(Army of Conquest commander)
Abu Heidar al-Homawi
(Army of Conquest commander)
Abu Mohammad Uzbeki
(Turkistan Islamic Party senior commander)
Abu Omar Anatol
(Turkistan Islamic Party commander)
Basel Marwan Al-Bakri[26]
(Ajnad al-Sham assault troops commander)
Abo Ahmad Nayef[27]
(Jabhat Ansar al-Din commander)
Abu Malek Al-Hamwi
(Junud al-Sham top commander)
Maj. Jamil Saleh[28]
Mahmoud al-Mahmoud[29]
(Jaish al-Izza commander and spokesman)
Abu Kinan[30]
(Jaish al-Izza commander)
Mohammed al-Ashqar
(Jaish al-Izza commander, alleged)
Capt. Mustafa Marati[31]
(Jaish al-Izza commander)
Abu Ahmed[32]
(Jaysh al-Nasr commander)
Bassam Abo Duraid
(Jaysh al-Nasr commander)
Baha'a Al-Nizal[33]
(Jaysh al-Farouq commander of northern Hama operations)
Adnan Hababa[34]
(Jaysh al-Farouq commander)
Nayef al-Jar Abu Ahmad[35]
(Sham Legion commander)
Commander2: Maj. Gen. Suheil Al Hassan[36]
(Operations chief commander)
Brig. Gen. Ali Khallouf[37]
(11th Division commander)
Maj. Gen. Ali Sharaf Makhlouf[38]
(87th Mechanized Brigade commander)
Gen. Fadl al Din Myka'il />
(Syrian Army commander)
Brig. Gen. Mohamed Ali Habib[39]
(Syrian Army commander)
Col. Ali Shaheen[40]
(Panther Forces commander)[41]
Fuad al-Salah[42]
(Leopard Forces commander)
Hassan Mahfoudh[43]
(Military Security Shield Forces commander)
Osama Zamam[44]
(al-Assad Shield commander)
Darioush Dorostei[45]
(Iranian commander)
Units1: Free Syrian Army
Units2: Syrian Armed Forces

SSNP

Strength1:5,500 fighters[57] (pro-government claim)
Strength2: 4,000+
  • 1,000+ regular soldiers
  • 2,000+ Tiger Forces soldiers[58]

"Hundreds" of fighters

Casualties1:217+ killed[59] [60] [61]
Casualties2:84+ killed (20 executed),[62] [63] [64] 1 helicopter downed[65]
Casualties3:27 civilians killed[66] (2 executed)[67]
100,000 people displaced[68]

The 2016 Hama offensive, codenamed as the Battle for the sake of God by the rebels,[28] was a military offensive operation launched by Syrian rebels during the Syrian Civil War in the northern parts of Hama Governorate as an attempt to relieve pressure on rebels fighting in Aleppo city.

The offensive

Rebels advance

The operation began on 29 August, with two Jund al-Aqsa suicide car bombings against Syrian Army checkpoints near the village of al-Lataminah. Fierce fighting ensued, after which, the rebels managed to swiftly capture several villages. The local pro-government National Defense Forces militia were sent into a sudden and uncoordinated retreat, which lead to the rebels capturing the town of Halfaya.[8]

Over the next 24 hours, the Syrian Air Force conducted 52 airstrikes,[8] which killed at least 20 rebels,[30] and soon after the Army managed to temporarily recapture one village, before they were pushed back once again.[8] By the evening of 30 August, the rebels also managed to seize the town of Taybat al-Imam,[69] as well as two other nearby villages.[70] The next day, the rebels managed to enter the town of Suran, but were subsequently pushed back after failing to capture the town's center.[20] However, four hours later, a second rebel attack was launched which ultimately ended in the rebel capture of Suran.[71] Afterwards, the rebel forces led by Jund al-Aqsa began an attack on the Alawite village of Ma’an, claiming to already have captured a small barrier to the settlement's north and 4 checkpoints to the east.[72]

On 1 September, the rebels seized the town of Maardis, as well as a nearby village.[73] [74] During their advances at Maardis, the rebels had seized a missile base that was being prepared by Russian forces for use.[75] Over the next four days, several unsuccessful Army counter-attacks were conducted in an attempt to recapture the town.[74] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] At the same time elsewhere, rebel attacks on the villages of Ma’an,[81] Kawkab[23] and Jubbayn, were repelled by government troops.

On 2 September, a low-flying Aérospatiale Gazelle in the area was destroyed mid-air by a Jaish al-Izza BGM-71 TOW missile.[65] [82] The next day, the Syrian Army temporarily recaptured Samam Hill,[83] before losing it again later in the day.[84] Two days later, government forces captured two hills overlooking the town of Qamhana, and forced the rebels to retreat from the town's outskirts.[51]

Army counter-attack, new rebel advance and stalemate

On 6 September, the Syrian Army repelled rebel assaults on Ma’an and the neighboring Karah village. In the process, Syrian Army units recaptured the village of Btaysh.[85] On 7 September, the Syrian Army and NDF units launched a new attack against Maardis and Taybat Al-Imam, clearing the area around Kawkab,[86] and recaptured three villages by 9 September.[87]

On 11 September, following a suicide attack against Army positions, the rebels captured Kawkab.[88] On 13–14 September, rebel forces launched several attacks near Maardis and Ma'an and took control of a number of checkpoints, though their assaults on the towns themselves were reportedly repelled by the government.[89] [90] [91]

As of 15 September, following the gains made in the previous two weeks, the rebels were preparing to start the second phase of their offensive to reach Hama city.[92] At the same time, government forces were mobilizing for a counter-attack to regain all territory they had lost.[93] [94]

Further rebel gains

The Army launched its counter-attack on 21 September, and advanced, capturing a hilltop and several farms on the eastern edge of Maardis. The rebels claimed to had destroyed four Army tanks during the fighting[95] [96] and that they captured and executed 20 soldiers.[62] The next day, the military seized several farms near Maardis.[97] However, on 23 September, rebel forces reversed all government gains during a counter-attack,[98] while there were conflicting reports on who controlled the village of Iskandariah.[98] [99] On the same day, Russian warplanes bombed a rebel headquarters in cave in Taybat al-Imam, killing 22 rebel fighters from the Free Idlib Army.[59] [100]

On 24 September, the rebels captured Ma’an and al-Kabariyyah after a short battle.[101] [102] The Syrian Army subsequently launched a small-scale counter-attack, reentering al-Kabariyyah.[103]

On 27 September, the rebels once again advanced and captured six more villages.[104] On 28 September, according to the Syrian Army, Jund al-Aqsa used chemical weapons against pro-government defenders as the group attacked and captured Karah.[105] In response to the rebel's advances, several pro-government units were sent as reinforcements to Hama province[53] [106] and soon after government forces announced a new counter-offensive.[107] By 29 September, the rebels had seized 42 towns, villages and hills. Meanwhile, the rebel group Ahrar Darayya (originating from Darayya) merged with Jaysh al-Nasr and joined the battle in northern Hama.[48]

On 6 October, it was reported that Fuad al-Salah, the prominent leader of the 'Leopard Militia', was killed in northern Hama.

Army counter-attack and government regains ground

On 8 October, taking advantage of rebel-infighting in the nearby Idlib province,[108] the Army launched a counter-attack and recaptured 10 villages (including Qarah), several hills,[109] [110] two checkpoints and an airfield.[9] The military continued to advance towards other nearby villages, specifically Ma'an,[109] while a Russian air-strike directly hit a small convoy leaving Kawkab.[111]

On 9 October, the Army recaptured two more villages (Ma'an and Kubbariyah),[112] as well as parts of Kawkab.[113] Renewed fighting for Ma'an took place later that night,[114] and by the next day both villages were again rebel-held.[115] Subsequently, government troops launched a new assault on Ma'an,[116] and the town, along with nearby Kawkab, was heavily hit by air-strikes.[117] On 11 October, the Army seized Kawkab, as well as Kubbariyah once again.[118] [119] A subsequent rebel counter-attack against Kawkab was repelled,[120] with the rebels reportedly suffering heavy casualties.[121] [122] [123] Two days later, the Army captured Ma'an, as well as a nearby hill.[124] [125] [126]

On 16 October, government forces seized Maardis and the village of Iskandariah.[127] [128] The advance came after Army units managed to take control of the nearby Al-Abbadah hill the previous day[129] and establish fire control over Maardis.[130] The rebels subsequently launched a counter-attack before nightfall in an attempt to regain both Maardis and Iskandariah.[131] [132] Government control of Maardis remained tenuous as fighting continued into the evening.[133] By the next day, the counter-attack had been repelled.[134] During the fighting, the rebels managed to temporarily regain the town[135] before losing it again.[136]

Early on 18 October, an Army assault on Suran started,[137] with government troops managing to capture a base near the town.[138] [139] Government attempts to advance continued the next day.[140]

Early on 24 October, clashes took place around al-Remelia, near Salamiyah,[141] while the government prepared a new assault to regain Taybat al-Imam and Souran from the rebels.[142] Later on, the Army advanced west of Ma'an and into the eastern outskirts of Souran, leading to fierce clashes with rebel defenders.[143] The next day, the Army advanced west of Ma'an and recaptured Dharat Al-Fitas, Talat Khirbat and the Madajnah Checkpoint after pushing further towards the key town of Morek.[144] [145] Meanwhile, Jund al-Aqsa fighters executed Baha'a Al-Nizal, the leading commander of Jaysh al-Farouq in northern Hama, for unknown reasons. On 27 October, government forces advanced into Souran after capturing the nearby hilltop of Tal Al-Dour,[146] resulting in a fierce battle, which lasted until the rebels retreated, allowing the Army to secure the town completely.[6] [147] [148] Meanwhile, clashes also took place in Taybat al-Imam.[149]

Between 28 October and 4 November, the military made advances north of Souran and Ma'an, capturing a checkpoint,[150] the village Al-Buwaydah and several hills.[7] [151] [152] [153] On 4 November, the military continued its advance and took three checkpoints south of the rebel stronghold of Morek.[154] [155]

On 5 November, the military advanced at the village of Lehaya, south of Morek.[156] Concurrently, the rebels launched a counterattack, capturing a checkpoint and Shalyut village to the north of Mhardeh.[157] [158] [159] However, subsequently, after the arrival of military reinforcements, government forces recaptured all lost territory.[160] [161] Still, on 6 November, the rebels managed to recapture two checkpoints and a hill south of Morek that they had lost earlier.[162] [163]

Aftermath

See also: 2017 Hama offensive. On 24 November, the Syrian Army recaptured a small village and a hilltop near Ma'an from the rebels just a few days after they had lost them in a rebel attack.[164]

On 21 March 2017, rebel groups led by Tahrir al-Sham launched another offensive in northern Hama, with the aim to recapture the towns of Suran and Maardis, which was recaptured by the SAA during the 2016 offensive. The offensive began with the launch of two suicide car-bombs.[165]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Rebels advance in 42 areas in the battle of " Marwan Hadid" • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. September 29, 2016.
  2. Web site: Syrian rebel forces launch campaign, again, to breach Hama city and airport. 2017-03-23. 2017-10-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20171009225116/http://syriadirect.org/news/syrian-rebel-forces-launch-campaign-again-to-breach-hama-city-airport/. dead.
  3. Web site: Bombardment returns to rebel-held northwest as HTS aims to 'demolish, defeat' Astana ceasefire. 2017-09-23. 2019-06-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20190612114706/https://syriadirect.org/news/bombardment-returns-to-rebel-held-northwest-as-hts-derails-ceasefire-deal/. dead.
  4. Web site: Rebel advances in central Syria set back by infighting. 18 October 2016.
  5. Web site: Syrian Army establishes full control over key northern Hama town. Leith. Fadel. 27 October 2016. 5 November 2016. 28 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161028135547/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-establishes-full-control-key-northern-hama-town/. dead.
  6. Web site: The regime forces regain control of Soran town - one of the largest cities at the northern countryside of Hama, which was controlled by the factions weeks ago • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 27, 2016.
  7. Web site: SAA advances along M5-highway, prepares to encircle two rebel-held towns in Hama. Chris. Tomson. 3 November 2016. 5 November 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224013809/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/saa-advances-along-m5-highway-prepares-encircle-two-rebel-held-towns-hama/. dead.
  8. Web site: Rebels Crack SAA Defences in Northern Hama. 2016-08-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!Rebels-Crack-SAA-Defences-in-Northern-Hama/cjds/57c573507f9109a36e191a73. 2016-08-30. dead.
  9. Web site: Syrian Army captures several villages, checkpoints in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 8 October 2016. Al-Masdar News. 9 October 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224005110/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-several-villages-checkpoints-northern-hama/. dead.
  10. Web site: One More Senior Terrorist Commander Killed in Clashes with Syrian Army in Hama. 26 September 2016. Fars News. 27 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160927140344/http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13950705000895. 27 September 2016. dead.
  11. Web site: Jihadist rebels mourn the loss of two top commanders in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 1 October 2016. Al-Masdar News. 1 October 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224010837/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-mourn-loss-two-top-commanders-northern-hama/. dead.
  12. Web site: Syrian government forces launch attack in Syria's Hama. Reuters. 21 September 2016.
  13. Web site: Syria: Terrorists Continue to Lose Top Commanders in Army Attacks in Hama. Fars News Agency. 5 September 2016. 5 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160917144759/http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13950615001294. 17 September 2016. dead.
  14. Web site: Jihadist rebels capture Alawite village in northern Hama. Al-Masdar News. Leith Fadel. 28 September 2016. 28 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224022547/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-capture-alawite-village-northern-hama-2/. dead.
  15. Web site: Key Syrian rebel groups join forces as fighting in Hama escalates. 1 September 2016. Middle East Eye. 2 September 2016.
  16. Web site: Map Update: Syrian Army gains ground as jihadists collapse in Hama. Izat Charkatli. al-Masdar News. 8 October 2016. 10 May 2017. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224021023/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/map-update-syrian-army-gains-ground-jihadists-collapse-hama/. dead.
  17. Web site: Chechen jihadist group joins rebels in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 14 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 14 September 2016. 15 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160915181317/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/chechen-jihadist-group-joins-rebels-northern-hama/. dead.
  18. Web site: Syrian Rebellion Obs on Twitter. 26 September 2016.
  19. Web site: Jihadist rebels admit heavy casualties sustained during northern Hama attack. Leith. Fadel. 26 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 26 September 2016. 3 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190203021606/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-admit-heavy-casualties-sustained-northern-hama-attack/. dead.
  20. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa fails to capture Souran village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 31 August 2016. 31 August 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224062417/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jund-al-aqsa-fails-capture-souran-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  21. Web site: Hundreds of Hezbollah Fighters Arrive in Northern Hama to Hit Terrorists back. 2 September 2016. Fars News Agency. 4 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161106125109/http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13950612000723. 6 November 2016. dead.
  22. Web site: Syrian Army prepares for large-scale offensive in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 15 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 15 September 2016. 16 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160916202711/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-prepares-large-scale-offensive-northern-hama/. dead.
  23. Web site: Syrian Army repels Jund Al-Aqsa attack on Kawkab village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 4 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 4 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224013957/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-repels-jund-al-aqsa-attack-kawkab-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  24. Web site: Usud Al-Cherubim: A Pro-Assad Christian Militia. Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi. Syria Comment. 14 December 2016. 15 December 2016.
  25. News: Jets bomb Syrian rebels as they wage big attack in Hama province. 1 September 2016. 2 September 2016. Reuters.
  26. Web site: Syrian Army kills leading Islamist assault troops commander in Hama. Chris. Tomson. 28 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 29 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224005249/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-kills-leading-islamist-assault-troops-commander-hama/. dead.
  27. Web site: Ansar el-Deen commander Abo Ahmad Nayef was killed today in clashes in northern Hama.. Map of Syrian Civil War - Syria news and incidents today - syria.liveuamap.com.
  28. Web site: Glory army's commander (RFS): Battle "for God's sake continuing," and our people is Sndna. RFS Media Office. 4 November 2016. 25 November 2016. 18 January 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170118031054/https://rfsmediaoffice.com/2016/11/04/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%80rfs-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D9%85/#.WDenlPl97IU. dead.
  29. Web site: A high price for rebel infighting in Hama as regime forces regain territory. Waleed Khaled a-Noufal. Maria Nelson. 10 October 2016. Syria:Direct. 13 October 2016.
  30. Web site: Syrian rebels make gains in northern Hama province, capture strategic town. Reuters. 30 August 2016.
  31. Web site:
    1. Syrian_Resistance factions kill and capture dozens of al-Assad's forces in Rural #Hama
    . 16 October 2016. El-Dorar Al-Shamia. 17 October 2016.
  32. Web site: Syria rebels discuss "post-liberation" Hama. Albin Szakola. NOW.. 29 September 2016. 30 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224002017/https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/NewsReports/567395-syria-rebels-discuss-post-liberation-hama. dead.
  33. Web site: Jihadist commander beheaded by jihadist rebels in Idlib. Leith. Fadel. Al-Masdar News. 25 October 2016. 25 October 2016. 11 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171011030726/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-commander-beheaded-jihadist-rebels-idlib/. dead.
  34. Web site: Jaish al-Farooq announces death of its commander "Adnan Hababa", 15 days after he was reported missing near Halfaya, Hama. 24 October 2016. 24 October 2016.
  35. Web site: Syria: One More Terrorist Commander Killed in Clashes with Army in Hama. 4 September 2016. Fars News Agency. 4 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160917042558/http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13950614000641. 17 September 2016. dead.
  36. Web site: Massive convoy of reinforcements arrive in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 1 September 2016. 1 September 2016. 2 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160902141655/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/massive-convoy-reinforcements-arrive-northern-hama/. dead.
  37. Web site: The Brigadier General Ali Khallouf, the former commander of Wadi al-Deif camp is killed in the battels of Hama's countryside. SOHR. 1 September 2016.
  38. Web site: SouthFront: Islamist rebels on the move towards Hama's provincial capital. Chris. Tomson. 2 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 3 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224012227/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/southfront-islamist-rebels-move-towards-hamas-provincial-capital/. dead.
  39. Web site: The crew onboard that were killed reportedly include Pilot Brigadier General Mohammed Ali Habib and Lieutenant Colonel Alaa Ahmad Deeb. 2 September 2016.
  40. Web site: Syrian Army reinforcements pour into northern Hama. Leith Fadel. Al-Masdar News. 7 September 2016. 7 September 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918094129/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reinforcements-pour-northern-hama/. dead.
  41. Web site: Syrian Army cancels the Palmyra-Deir Ezzor offensive. Leith Fadel. Al-Masdar News. 18 April 2016. 6 June 2016. 24 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190124223557/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-cancels-palmyra-deir-ezzor-offensive/. dead.
  42. Web site: Hama: Senior Army Commander Killed in Northern Countryside. Zaman al-Wasl. 6 October 2016. Syrian Observer. 9 October 2016.
  43. Web site: Quwat Dir' Al-Amn Al-Askari: A Latakia Military Intelligence Militia. Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi. Syria Comment. 3 September 2016. 3 September 2016. 30 December 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161230165452/http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/quwat-dir-al-amn-al-askari-another-regime-intelligence-militia/. dead.
  44. Web site: "al-Assad Sheild" militia's Commander killed in Rural #Hama. El-Doirar Al-Shamia. 30 October 2016. 1 November 2016.
  45. Web site: Syrian Opposition Reveals Pictures For An Iranian Commander Killed Northern Hama. Qasion News. 7 September 2016. 9 September 2016. 19 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171019185124/http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/36492/Syrian_Opposition_Reveals_Pictures_For_An_Iranian_Commander_Killed_Northern_Hama. dead.
  46. Web site: Free Syrian Army claim to have downed Russian helicopter. Al-Masdar News. Paul Antonopoulos. 2 September 2016. 2 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224005156/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/free-syrian-army-claim-downed-russian-helicopter/. dead.
  47. Web site: Rebel commanders: Hama offensive to 'relieve pressure on Aleppo'. 1 September 2016. Syria:direct. 7 September 2016. 10 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190510063349/https://syriadirect.org/news/rebel-commanders-hama-offensive-%E2%80%98aimed-at-relieving-pressure-on-aleppo%E2%80%99/. dead.
  48. Web site: Former Darayya rebels now fighting Syrian Army in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 28 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 28 September 2016. 14 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190414065106/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/former-darayya-rebels-now-fighting-syrian-army-northern-hama/. dead.
  49. Web site: Video: Devastating strike kills 21 insurgents north of Hama. Charkatli. Izat. 23 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 23 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224005213/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/video-devastating-strike-kills-21-insurgents-north-hama/. dead.
  50. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa sets its sight on Alawi town in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 31 August 2016. al-Masdar. 31 August 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224010806/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jund-al-aqsa-sets-sight-alawi-town-northern-hama/. dead.
  51. Web site: Syrian Army fights back in northern Hama, two hilltops recaptured. Leith. Fadel. 5 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 5 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224015510/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-fights-back-northern-hama-two-hilltops-recaptured/. dead.
  52. Web site: Syrian Army reinforcements from Aleppo arrive in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 14 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 14 September 2016. 15 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160915180737/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reinforcements-aleppo-arrive-northern-hama/. dead.
  53. Web site: Pro-government fighters redeployed to Hama amid jihadi advance [+pictures]]. Zen. Adra. 27 September 2016. 9 October 2016. 20 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190220073032/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/pro-government-fighters-redeployed-hama-amid-jihadi-advance-pictures/. dead.
  54. Web site: Tiger Forces redeployed to east Aleppo for upcoming offensive. Leith Fadel. Al-Masdar News. 27 September 2016. 27 September 2016. 27 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160927045444/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/tiger-forces-redeployed-east-aleppo-upcoming-offensive/. dead.
  55. Web site: Zero hour approaches northern Hama as the Syrian Army readies for massive offensive. Leith. Fadel. 20 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 20 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224063817/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/zero-hour-approaches-northern-hama-syrian-army-readies-massive-offensive/. dead.
  56. Web site: Over 50 jihadists killed in failed assault in northern Hama. Izat. Charkatli. 5 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 5 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224012420/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/50-jihadists-killed-failed-assault-northern-hama/. dead.
  57. Web site: Syria: Terrorist Groups Gather over 5,000 Fighters for Imminent Operation in Hama. 18 September 2016. Farsnews. 19 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160922065026/http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13950628000496. 22 September 2016. dead.
  58. Web site: Russian Air Force pounds northern Hama after chopper crash. Al-Masdar News. Leith Fadel. 2 September 2016. 3 September 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224065353/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-air-force-pounds-northern-hama-chopper-crash/. dead.
  59. Web site: Russian raid kills 22 fighters from the Free Army in Hama. Feda News. 24 September 2016. 2016-09-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20160924110821/http://www.feda-news.com/syria-news/56511. 2016-09-24. dead.
  60. Web site: Jihadist rebels admit heavy casualties sustained during northern Hama attack. Leith. Fadel. 26 September 2016. 26 September 2016. 3 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190203021606/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-admit-heavy-casualties-sustained-northern-hama-attack/. dead.
  61. Web site: Map Update: Syrian Army gains ground as jihadists collapse in Hama. Izat. Charkatli. 8 October 2016. 12 October 2016. 24 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190224021023/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/map-update-syrian-army-gains-ground-jihadists-collapse-hama/. dead.
  62. Web site: A Jund al-Aqsa fighter says that the 20 Syrian Arab Army soldiers that were captured in Maardes today after a failed counter-offensive earlier today were. 26 September 2016.
  63. Web site: The Inside Source on Twitter. 9 October 2016.
  64. Web site: 3 attempts by regime forces in Soran and its surroundings what killed 10 soldiers. 26 October 2016. 26 October 2016.
  65. Web site: Syrian rebels destroy helicopter in Hama offensive-monitor, rebels. Reuters. 2 September 2016.
  66. Web site: Syria strikes kill 25 as another Damascus suburb surrenders. 1 March 2016. AP News. 29 March 2021.
  67. Web site: Jund al-Aqsa executes 2 men in Hama countryside. 1 October 2016. SOHR. 1 October 2016.
  68. News: Fighting in Syria's Hama province displaces 100,000: U.N.. Reuters. 7 September 2016.
  69. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa captures key village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 30 August 2016. 31 August 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918201120/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jund-al-aqsa-captures-key-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  70. Web site: Jihadist rebels seize two more villages in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 30 August 2016. 31 August 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918232324/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-seize-two-villages-northern-hama/. dead.
  71. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa captures Souran in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 31 August 2016. 31 August 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918212222/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jund-al-aqsa-captures-souran-northern-hama/. dead.
  72. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa begins Ma'an offensive in northern Hama. Al-Masdar News. 1 September 2016. 1 September 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918195257/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jund-al-aqsa-begins-maan-offensive-northern-hama/. dead.
  73. Web site: Syrian Army captures Ma'ardes in northern Hama. Izat. Charkatli. 1 September 2016. 2 September 2016. 19 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180919030325/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-maardes-northern-hama/. dead.
  74. Web site: Syrian Army captures another village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 1 September 2016. 2 September 2016. 3 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190203205224/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-another-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  75. Web site: Jund al-Aqsa and the factions control the first line of defense of Qamhana and Missile Battalion near Maardis in Hama's countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. September 1, 2016.
  76. Web site: Syrian Armed Forces launch counter-offensive in northern Hama. Al-Masdar News. Leith Fadel. 2 September 2016. 2 September 2016. 2 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190202214653/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-armed-forces-launch-counter-offensive-northern-hama/. dead.
  77. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa Fighters Defeat A Syrian Regime Offensive Over Ma'ardes Northern Hama. Qasion News. 2 September 2016. 2 September 2016. 19 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171019185241/http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/36073/Jund_Al_Aqsa_Fighters_Defeat_A_Syrian_Regime_Offensive_Over_Ma%E2%80%99ardes_Northern_Hama. dead.
  78. Web site: Syrian Army launches counterattack in northern Hama. Izat. Charkatli. 3 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 4 September 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918232615/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-launches-counterattack-northern-hama/. dead.
  79. Web site: Violent clashes at the outskirts of Maardis town and the regime forces are desperately attempting to regain control of it. 3 September 2016. SOHR. 3 September 2016.
  80. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa Foil A Regime Offensive Over Ma'ardes … The Latter Bombard Zuwar With Barrel Bombs. 5 September 2016. Qasion News. 5 September 2016. 19 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171019185349/http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/36305/Jund_Al_Aqsa_Foil_A_Regime_Offensive_Over_Ma%E2%80%99ardes_%E2%80%A6_The_Latter_Bombard_Zuwar_With_Barrel_Bombs. dead.
  81. Web site: Jihadist rebels mourn their losses after failed assault on northern Hama town. Leith. Fadel. 1 September 2016. 2 September 2016. 15 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160915070043/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-mourn-losses-failed-assault-northern-hama-town/. dead.
  82. Web site: Video: Hama insurgents destroy Syrian helicopter, not Russian. Paul. Antonopoulos. 2 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 4 September 2016. 6 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180706105508/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/video-hama-insurgents-destroy-syrian-helicopter-not-russian/. dead.
  83. Web site: Syrian Army capture Saman Hill in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 3 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 4 September 2016. 4 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180804135949/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-capture-saman-hill-northern-hama/. dead.
  84. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa begins counter-attack in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 3 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 4 September 2016. 6 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180706111021/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jund-al-aqsa-begins-counter-attack-northern-hama/. dead.
  85. Web site: Syrian Army advances in Hama after repelling jihadist attack. Leith. Fadel. 6 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 9 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221122027/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-hama-repelling-jihadist-attack/. dead.
  86. Web site: Exclusive battle footage of the Syrian Army's advance in northern Hama. Leith Fadel. 7 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 7 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221111943/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/exclusive-battle-footage-syrian-armys-advance-northern-hama/. dead.
  87. Web site: Russian, Syrian jets pulverize northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 9 September 2016. 9 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221015027/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-syrian-jets-pulverize-northern-hama/. dead.
  88. Web site: Jihadists capture key town in north Hama. Izat. Charkatli. 11 September 2016. 26 September 2016. 21 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180721021526/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadists-capture-key-town-north-hama/. dead.
  89. Web site: Clashes breakout in Hama countryside. 14 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 15 September 2016.
  90. Web site: Syrian Army foils jihadist assault in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 14 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 14 September 2016. 21 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180721050553/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-foils-jihadist-assault-northern-hama/. dead.
  91. Web site: [Video] Syrian Army, jihadists clash in northern Hama]. Leith. Fadel. 14 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 14 September 2016. 21 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180721020029/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/video-syrian-army-jihadists-clash-northern-hama/. dead.
  92. Web site: Rebels preparing advance on Hama: reports. 26 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221000650/https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/NewsReports/567353-rebels-preparing-advance-on-hama-reports. dead.
  93. Web site: Syrian Army prepares for large-scale offensive in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 15 September 2016. 26 September 2016. 16 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160916202711/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-prepares-large-scale-offensive-northern-hama/. dead.
  94. Web site: More Syrian Army reinforcements pour into northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 15 September 2016. 26 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221060815/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reinforcements-pour-northern-hama-2/. dead.
  95. Web site: Syrian government forces launch attack in Syria's Hama. 26 September 2016.
  96. Web site: Syrian Army launches offensive in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 21 September 2016. 26 September 2016. 19 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180919031838/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-launches-offensive-northern-hama/. dead.
  97. Web site: Syrian Army advances in northern Hama amid fierce jihadist resistance. Leith. Fadel. 22 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 22 September 2016. 19 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180919031838/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-northern-hama-amid-fierce-jihadist-resistance/. dead.
  98. Web site: Jund Al-Aqsa rolls back Syrian Army gains in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 23 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 23 September 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918234134/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jund-al-aqsa-rolls-back-syrian-army-gains-northern-hama/. dead.
  99. Web site: North Hama: Rebels took back full control of Iskandariah after failed govt counter-offensive. 26 September 2016.
  100. Web site: Warplanes target a "cave" headquarters of a rebel faction, 22 fighters killed near Qamhana in Hama's countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. September 23, 2016.
  101. Web site: Jund al-Aqsa and factions advance and control Maan and al-Kabariyyah in the northeastern countryside of Hama • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. September 24, 2016.
  102. Web site: Jihadist rebels capture Alawite village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 24 September 2016. 26 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221032105/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-capture-alawite-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  103. Web site: Syrian Army advances in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 25 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 25 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221040534/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-northern-hama/. dead.
  104. Web site: Jihadist rebels seize two villages in northern Hama. Al-Masdar News. Leith Fadel. 29 September 2016. 29 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221050636/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-seize-two-villages-northern-hama-2/. dead.
  105. Web site: Rebels gas the Syrian Army in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 28 September 2016. Al-Masdar News. 29 September 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221021840/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/rebels-gas-syrian-army-northern-hama/. dead.
  106. Web site: Tiger Forces redeployed to east Aleppo for upcoming offensive. Leith. Fadel. 27 September 2016. 12 October 2016. 27 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160927045444/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/tiger-forces-redeployed-east-aleppo-upcoming-offensive/. dead.
  107. Web site: Syrian Army begins long-awaited offensive in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 28 September 2016. 9 October 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221001714/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-begins-long-awaited-offensive-northern-hama/. dead.
  108. News: Syrian government forces seize rebel-held areas of Hama: monitors. 8 October 2016. 9 October 2016. Reuters.
  109. Web site: Syrian Army advances in northern Hama amid jihadist infighting. Leith. Fadel. 9 October 2016. 9 October 2016. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918230955/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-northern-hama-amid-jihadist-infighting/. dead.
  110. Web site: The regime forces continue to expand their control area and restore areas they lost since the end of August • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 8, 2016.
  111. Web site: The Inside Source on Twitter. 9 October 2016.
  112. News: Syrian government forces recapture more territory from rebels in Hama: monitor. 9 October 2016. 12 October 2016. Reuters.
  113. Web site: The regime forces continue advancing in the countryside of Hama and regain control of two villages in the area • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 9, 2016.
  114. Web site: Syrian Army enters key village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 9 October 2016. 12 October 2016. 11 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161011165442/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-enters-key-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  115. Web site: Factions in the northeastern countryside of Hama re-advance and regain 2 important areas from the regime forces • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 10, 2016.
  116. Web site: Farsnews. 12 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161116213157/http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13950719000471. 16 November 2016. dead.
  117. Web site: The Inside Source on Twitter. 12 October 2016.
  118. Web site: The regime forces re-advance and regain 2 areas in Hama countryside and shelling at Abtaa in the countryside of Daraa • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 11, 2016.
  119. Web site: Syrian Army captures key village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 11 October 2016. 12 October 2016. 19 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180919033351/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-key-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  120. Web site: The Inside Source on Twitter. 12 October 2016.
  121. Web site: Over 100 jihadist rebels killed in northern Hama: military. Leith. Fadel. 12 October 2016. 12 October 2016. 19 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180919000914/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/100-jihadist-rebels-killed-northern-hama-military/. dead.
  122. Web site: 24 fighters killed during clashes in Hama countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 12, 2016.
  123. Web site: The Inside Source on Twitter. 12 October 2016.
  124. Web site: Regime forces advance over rebels in eastern Hama • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 13, 2016.
  125. Web site: Syrian Army captures important northern Hama village. Leith. Fadel. 13 October 2016. 18 October 2016. 17 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161017232429/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-important-northern-hama-village/. dead.
  126. Web site: The Inside Source on Twitter. 18 October 2016.
  127. Web site: Field report: Syria Army recaptures new town in northern Hama. Map Update. Zen. Adra. 16 October 2016. 18 October 2016. 18 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161018143021/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/field-report-syria-army-recaptures-new-town-northern-hama-map-update/. dead.
  128. Web site: Syrian Rebellion Obs on Twitter. 18 October 2016.
  129. Web site: Syrian Army launches powerful assault in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 16 October 2016. 18 October 2016. 21 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190221045112/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-launches-powerful-assault-northern-hama/. dead.
  130. Web site: 24 Resistance Axis on Twitter. 18 October 2016.
  131. Web site: Latest battle map of northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 16 October 2016. 18 October 2016. 18 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161018101458/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/latest-battle-map-northern-hama/. dead.
  132. Web site: Violent clashes inside Maardis town after the regime forces' advancement, factions try to regain control of Alexandria • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 16, 2016.
  133. Web site: Turkish-backed Syrian opposition captures Dabiq from IS. 18 October 2016. 20 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161020153245/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/a5b5d097a193499f900fb70a83cbdb3d/turkish-backed-syrian-opposition-captures-dabiq. dead.
  134. Web site: Syrian Army holds positions in northern Hama against jihadi counteroffensive. Zen. Adra. 17 October 2016. 18 October 2016. 18 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161018214159/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-holds-positions-northern-hama-jihadi-counteroffensive/. dead.
  135. Web site: Factions regain control of Maardis at the countryside of Hama amid hit-and-run clashes in the area • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 17, 2016.
  136. Web site: Tens were killed during the regime forces' regain control of Maardis and Alexandria • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 18, 2016.
  137. Web site: Syrian Army storms strategic village in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 18 October 2016. 18 October 2016. 18 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161018221240/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-storms-strategic-village-northern-hama/. dead.
  138. Web site: Syrian Army captures Russian Regiment Base in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 18 October 2016. 18 October 2016. 19 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161019075454/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-russian-regiment-base-northern-hama/. dead.
  139. Web site: قوات النظام تستمر في محاولات التقدم بعد استعادتها لمعردس بريف حماة الشمالي.
  140. Web site: continued clashes in Hama countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. October 19, 2016.
  141. Web site: Continued clashes in Salamia countryside. 24 October 2016. SOHR. 24 October 2016.
  142. Web site: Syrian Army prepares to storm key towns in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 24 October 2016. a-Masdar News. 24 October 2016. 24 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161024223424/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-prepares-storm-key-towns-northern-hama/. dead.
  143. Web site: Syrian Army captures new points in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 24 October 2016. a-Masdar News. 24 October 2016. 25 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161025111139/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-new-points-northern-hama/. dead.
  144. Web site: Syrian Army captures new points in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 24 October 2016. 5 November 2016. 25 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161025111139/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-new-points-northern-hama/. dead.
  145. Web site: Syrian Army captures several points in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 25 October 2016. 5 November 2016. 27 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161027131404/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-capturesseveral-points-northern-hama/. dead.
  146. Web site: Syrian Army launches powerful assault on key northern Hama town. Leith. Fadel. 27 October 2016. 5 November 2016. 28 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161028140037/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-launches-powerful-assault-key-northern-hama-town/. dead.
  147. Web site: نظام الأسد يستولي على مدينة صوران و يواصل تقدمه شمال حماة - وكالة خطوة الإخبارية. 5 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161028142200/http://stepagency-sy.net/archives/113948. 28 October 2016. dead.
  148. Web site: Syrian Army secures northern Hama town after jihadist counter-attack. Leith. Fadel. 27 October 2016. 5 November 2016. 20 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171020094401/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-secures-northern-hama-town-jihadist-counter-attack/. dead.
  149. Web site: The regime forces advance and control large parts of Soran town after hundreds of missiles and shells. 27 October 2016. SOHR. 24 October 2016.
  150. Web site: Syrian Army captures new points in northern Hama after latest push. Leith. Fadel. 28 October 2016. 5 November 2016. 30 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161030000006/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-new-points-northern-hama-latest-push/. dead.
  151. Web site: Syrian Army captures new points in northern Hama: map. Leith. Fadel. 2 November 2016. 5 November 2016. 4 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161104191205/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-new-points-northern-hama-map/. dead.
  152. Web site: Regime forces target Soran town and other areas of Hama countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. November 3, 2016.
  153. Web site: Syrian Army reaches outskirts of strategic northern Hama town. Leith. Fadel. 4 November 2016. Al-Masdar News. 4 November 2016. 4 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161104204145/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reaches-outskirts-strategic-northern-hama-town/. dead.
  154. Web site: Syrian Army advances in northern Hama as rebel Aleppo offensive stagnates. Izat. Charkatli. 4 November 2016. 5 November 2016. 5 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161105032607/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-northern-hama-rebel-aleppo-offensive-stagnates/. dead.
  155. Web site: قوات النظام تتمكن من التقدم في نقاط بريف حماة الشمالي بعد عشرات الضربات الجوية والصاروخية.
  156. Web site: Regime forces advance in Lehaya • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. November 5, 2016.
  157. Web site: Free Syrian Army launches surprise offensive in northwest Hama. Leith. Fadel. 5 November 2016. 9 November 2016. 7 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161107005534/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/free-syrian-army-launches-surprise-offensive-northwest-hama/. dead.
  158. Web site: Rebels advance over regime forces in Hama countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. November 5, 2016.
  159. Web site: More advances for rebels in Hama countryside amid targeting Maharda town with shells • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. November 5, 2016.
  160. Web site: The regime forces advance again after heavy and violent shelling at the northern countryside of Hama • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. November 5, 2016.
  161. Web site: Swift counter-offensive has the Syrian Army retake all lost sites in northwest Hama. Chris. Tomson. 5 November 2016. 9 November 2016. 7 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161107010641/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/swift-counter-offensive-has-the-syrian-army-retake-all-lost-sites-in-northwest-hama/. dead.
  162. Web site: Factions advance again at the northern countryside of Hama and clashes continue in the area • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. November 6, 2016.
  163. Web site: Islamist rebels launch counter-offensive in northern Hama. Leith. Fadel. 7 November 2016. 9 November 2016. 8 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161108135042/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/islamist-rebels-launch-counter-offensive-northern-hama/. dead.
  164. Web site: Syrian Army reverses jihadist gains in northern Hama. Al-Masdar News. 25 November 2016. 25 November 2016. 25 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161125111804/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reverses-jihadist-gains-northern-hama/. dead.
  165. Web site: Syrian rebels launch attack near Hama. Reuters. 21 March 2017.

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