2015 in paleomammalogy explained

This paleomammalogy list records new fossil mammal taxa that were described during the year 2015, as well as notes other significant paleomammalogy discoveries and events which occurred during that year.

General research

• Description of exceptionally preserved specimens of the pantodont species Alcidedorbignya inopinata and a study of its phylogenetic relationships is published by De Muizon et al. (2015).^[1]
• A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the family Nyctitheriidae based on new fossil remains of Plagioctenodon rosei and Plagioctenodon thewisseni is published by Manz et al. (2015).^[2]
• Studies of the phylogenetic relationships of litopterns and notoungulates within Placentalia, indicating that their closest living relatives are odd-toed ungulates, are published by Welker et al. (2015)^[3] and Buckley (2015).^[4]
• A study of the phylogenetic relationships of the Pleistocene camelid genus Camelops, based on genomic data extracted from its bones, is published by Heintzman et al. (2015).^[5]
• A study on the feeding habits of extant and fossil members of the family Canidae belonging to the tribe Canini, as indicated by skull size and shape, is published by Meloro, Hudson & Hook (2015).^[6]
• A study on the population dynamics of the cave lion (Panthera spelaea) during the Late Pleistocene is published by Ersmark et al. (2015).^[7]
• Description of tarsals attributed to Purgatorius and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this mammal is published by Chester et al. (2015).^[8]
• A study on the age of the holotype specimen of Darwinius masillae at the time of death and on the life history of the species is published by López-Torres, Schillaci & Silcox (2015).^[9]
• Cranial endocast of Victoriapithecus macinessi is reconstructed by Gonzales et al. (2015).^[10]
• A study evaluating the evidence of association between extinctions or replacements of large mammals in the Northern Hemisphere in the Late Pleistocene with warming events is published by Cooper et al. (2015).^[11]

Metatherians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Antawallathentes^[12]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Rincón et al.	Oligocene (Deseadan)	Salla Formation		A palaeothentid marsupial (a relative of the shrew opossums). Genus contains two species: Antawallathentes illimani and Antawallathentes quimsacruza.
Archaeonothos^[13]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Beck	Early Eocene	Murgon fossil site		A metatherian of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Archaeonothos henkgodthelpi.
Ganguroo robustiter^[14]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cooke et al.	Miocene	Riversleigh World Heritage Area		A basal member of Macropodidae, a species of Ganguroo.
Gaylordia mater^[15]	Sp. nov	Valid	De Oliveira & Goin	Itaboraian	Itaboraí Formation		A metatherian of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a relative of Pucadelphys; a species of Gaylordia.
Lotheridium^[16]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bi et al.	Late Cretaceous	Qiupa Formation		A member of Deltatheridiidae. The type species is Lotheridium mengi.
Lycopsis padillai^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid^[18]	Suarez et al.	Miocene	Castilletes Formation		A member of Sparassodonta, a species of Lycopsis.
Madju^[19]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Travouillon et al.	Late Oligocene to early late Miocene			A bandicoot. Genus contains two species: Madju variae and Madju encorensis.
Nimbavombatus^[20]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Brewer et al.	Early Miocene	Riversleigh World Heritage Area		A wombat. The type species is Nimbavombatus boodjamullensis.
Oklatheridium wiblei^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cifelli & Davis	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Cloverly Formation		A member of Deltatheroida, a species of Oklatheridium.
Sedophascolomys^[22]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Louys	Pliocene to Pleistocene			A wombat; a new genus for "Phascolomys" medius Owen (1872).
Sparassocynus maimarai^[23]	Sp. nov	Valid	Abello et al.	Late Miocene	Maimará Formation		A sparassocynid didelphoid (a relative of the opossums), a species of Sparassocynus.
Thylacinus yorkellus^[24]	Sp. nov	Valid	Yates	Late Miocene or early Pliocene	Corra-Lynn Cave		A relative of the thylacine.
Tsagandelta^[25]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rougier, Davis & Novacek	Late Cretaceous	Baynshiree Formation		A member of Deltatheroida. The type species is Tsagandelta dashzevegi.
Wabularoo prideauxi^[26]	Sp. nov	Valid	Travouillon, Archer & Hand	Early Miocene	Riversleigh World Heritage Area		A member of Macropodoidea, a species of Wabularoo.

Eutherians

Xenarthrans

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Eionaletherium^[27]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Rincón et al.	Late Miocene	Urumaco Formation		A mylodontoid sloth. The type species is Eionaletherium tanycnemius.
Tonnicinctus^[28]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Góis et al.	Pleistocene (Ensenadan to Lujanian)			A member of Pampatheriidae. The type species is Tonnicinctus mirus.

Afrotherians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Arenagale^[29]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Bartonian)	Eocliff Limestone		A tenrec. The type species is A. calcareus.
Callistosiren^[30]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Vélez-Juarbe & Domning	Late Oligocene	Lares Limestone		A dugong. The type species is Callistosiren boriquensis.
Diamantochloris^[31]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Lutetian)	Black Crow Limestone		A golden mole. The type species is D. inconcessus.
Namachloris^[32]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Bartonian)	Eocliff Limestone		A golden mole. The type species is N. arenatans.
Namagale	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Bartonian)	Eocliff Limestone		A member of Potamogalidae. The type species is N. grandis.
Palaeoloxodon xylophagou^[33]	Sp. nov	Valid	Athanassiou et al.	Late middle Pleistocene			A member of Elephantidae, a species of Palaeoloxodon.
Protanancus brevirostris^[34]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang et al.	Early Miocene	Linxia Basin		A gomphothere, a species of Protanancus.
Rupestrohyrax^[35]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Bartonian)	Eoridge Limestone		A hyrax related to Titanohyrax. The type species is R. palustris.
Sperrgale	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Bartonian)	Eocliff Limestone		A tenrec. The type species is S. minutus.
Thyrohyrax libycus^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Coster et al.	Early Oligocene			A saghatheriid hyracoid, a species of Thyrohyrax.

Bats

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Cardioderma leakeyi^[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gunnell et al.	Early Pleistocene	Olduvai Gorge locality		A member of Megadermatidae related to the heart-nosed bat.
Marnenycteris^[38]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hand et al.	Eocene (Ypresian)			A bat related to Onychonycteris. The type species is Marnenycteris michauxi.
Mystacina miocenalis^[39]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hand, Lee, Worthy & Archer in Hand et al.	Early Miocene (Altonian, 19–16 Ma)			A New Zealand short-tailed bat.
Myzopoda africana	Sp. nov	Valid	Gunnell et al.	Early Pleistocene	Olduvai Gorge locality		A species of Myzopoda.
Nycticeinops serengetiensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Gunnell et al.	Early Pleistocene	Olduvai Gorge locality		A vesper bat related to the Schlieffen's bat.
Otonycteris rummeli^[40]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rosina	Late Miocene			A vesper bat related to the desert long-eared bat.
Scotoecus olduvensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Gunnell et al.	Early Pleistocene	Olduvai Gorge locality		A vesper bat, a species of Scotoecus.

Odd-toed ungulates

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Boreohippidion^[41]	Gen. et comb. nov.	Valid	Avilla, Bernardes & Mothé	Early Pliocene (late Hemphillian)			A member of Equidae; a new genus for "Onohippidium" galushai Macfadden & Skinner (1979).
Cambaylophus^[42]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Kapur & Bajpai	Early Eocene	Cambay Shale		A member of Tapiroidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is C. vastanensis.
Chasmotherium depereti^[43]	Sp. nov	Valid	Remy	Eocene (Bartonian)			A relative of Hyrachyus, a species of Chasmotherium.
Eolophiodon^[44]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Robinet et al.	Early Eocene			A relative of Lophiodon. The type species is Eolophiodon laboriense.
Pachynolophus gaytei	Sp. nov	Valid	Remy	Eocene (Bartonian)			A member of Palaeotheriidae, a species of Pachynolophus.
Persiatherium^[45]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Pandolfi	Late Miocene			A rhinoceros related to Aceratherium. The type species is P. rodleri; genus also includes"Aceratherium" huadeensis Qiu (1979).
Plesiohipparion shanxiense^[46]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Bernor, Sun & Chen	Early Pleistocene			A member of Equidae related to Hipparion; a species of Plesiohipparion.
Vastanolophus^[47]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Smith et al.	Eocene (Ypresian)	Cambay Shale Formation		A member of Tapiroidea, possibly a member of Helaletidae. The type species is Vastanolophus holbrooki.

Even-toed ungulates

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Anthracokeryx naduongensis^[48]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ducrocq et al.	Eocene	Na Duong Formation Youganwo Formation^[49]		An anthracothere, a species of Anthracokeryx.
Bothriogenys langsonensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Ducrocq et al.	Eocene	Na Duong Formation		An anthracothere, a species of Bothriogenys.
Bothriogenys vietnamensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Ducrocq et al.	Eocene	Na Duong Formation		An anthracothere, a species of Bothriogenys.
Eotragus lampangensis^[50]	Sp. nov	Valid	Suraprasit et al.	Late Middle Miocene (13.4-13.2 Ma)	Nakhaem Formation		A bovid, a species of Eotragus.
Epirigenys^[51]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lihoreau et al.	Oligocene	Lokone Sandstone Formation		A relative of hippopotamuses. The type species is Epirigenys lokonensis.
Eucladoceros montenegrensis^[52]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van der Made & Dimitrijević	Early Pleistocene			A deer, a species of Eucladoceros.
Euprox grandis^[53]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hou	Late Miocene	Liushu Formation		A member of Cervidae related to muntjacs, a species of Euprox.
Kachchhchoerus^[54]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Bhandari, Pickford & Tiwari	Late Miocene			A member of Suidae. Genus includes K. salinus (Pilgrim, 1926).
Kolpochoerus phillipi^[55]	Sp. nov	Valid	Souron, Boisserie & White	Late Pliocene or early Pleistocene (ca. 2.5 Ma)	Middle Awash		A suid, a species of Kolpochoerus.
Lucashyus^[56]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Prothero	Late early Arikareean			A peccary. The type species is Lucashyus coombsae.
Marshochoerus	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Prothero	Late Arikareean to late Hemingfordian			A peccary; a new genus for "Thinohyus" socialis Marsh (1875).
Muntiacus ? huangi^[57]	Sp. nov	Valid	Dong & Chen	Pleistocene			A member of Cervidae, possibly a muntjac.
Nguruwe ? galaticum^[58]	Sp. nov	Valid	Orliac et al.	Late early Miocene	Kumartaş Formation		A hyotheriine suid, possibly a species of Nguruwe.
Paratoceras coatesi^[59]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rincon et al.	Miocene (early Hemingfordian)	Cucaracha Formation		A member of Protoceratidae, a species of Paratoceras.
Paratoceras orarius	Sp. nov	Valid	Rincon et al.	Early Miocene	Culebra Formation		A member of Protoceratidae, a species of Paratoceras.
Sivacobus sankaliai^[60]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vrba, Bibi & Costa	Late Pleistocene			A member of Bovidae belonging to the subfamily Reduncinae, a species of Sivacobus.
Stuckyhyus	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Prothero	Late Arikareean			A peccary; a new genus for "Thinohyus" siouxensis Peterson (1905).
Wrightohyus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Prothero	Late Arikareean to early Hemingfordian			A peccary. The type species is Wrightohyus yatkolai.
Xenokeryx^[61]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sánchez et al.	Miocene (middle Aragonian)			A member of Palaeomerycidae. The type species is Xenokeryx amidalae.

Cetaceans

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Albicetus^[62]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Boersma & Pyenson	Miocene (Langhian)	Monterey Formation		A basal member of Physeteroidea. The type species is "Ontocetus" oxymycterus Kellogg (1925).
Ashleycetus^[63]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sanders & Geisler	Oligocene (late Rupelian)	Ashley Formation		A basal odontocete. The type species is Ashleycetus planicapitis.
Brabocetus^[64]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Colpaert, Bosselaers & Lambert	Pliocene (Zanclean)	Kattendijk Formation		A porpoise. The type species is Brabocetus gigasei.
Chilcacetus^[65]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lambert, De Muizon & Bianucci	Early Miocene	Chilcatay Formation		A toothed whale of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly related to Argyrocetus and Macrodelphinus. The type species is Chilcacetus cavirhinus.
Chrysocetus fouadassii^[66]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gingerich & Zouhri	Eocene (Bartonian)	Aridal Formation	Western Sahara	A basilosaurid, a species of Chrysocetus.
Fucaia^[67]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Marx, Tsai & Fordyce	Oligocene	Makah Formation Pysht Formation		A member of Aetiocetidae. The type species is Fucaia buelli; genus also includes "Chonecetus" goedertorum Barnes & Furusawa in Barnes et al. (1994).
Horopeta^[68]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[69]	Tsai & Fordyce	Oligocene (early Chattian)	Kokoamu Greensand		An early baleen whale. The type species is Horopeta umarere.
Isthminia^[70]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pyenson et al.	Miocene (Messinian)	Chagres Formation		An inioid river dolphin. The type species is Isthminia panamensis.
Nanokogia^[71]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Velez-Juarbe et al.	Late Miocene	Chagres Formation		A member of Kogiidae. The type species is Nanokogia isthmia.
Otekaikea huata^[72]	Sp. nov	Valid	Tanaka & Fordyce	Oligo/Miocene boundary (Waitakian)	Otekaike Limestone		A relative of the South Asian river dolphin, a species of Otekaikea.
Platyosphys aithai	Sp. nov	Valid	Gingerich & Zouhri	Eocene (Bartonian)	Aridal Formation	Western Sahara	A basilosaurid. Originally described as a species of Platyosphys, but subsequently made the type species of the separate genus Antaecetus.^[73]
Tokarahia^[74]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid^[75]	Boessenecker & Fordyce	Late Oligocene	Kokoamu Greensand Otekaike Limestone		An eomysticetid baleen whale. The type species is Tokarahia kauaeroa; genus also contains "Mauicetus" lophocephalus Marples (1956).
Tranatocetus^[76]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Gol’din & Steeman	Miocene (Tortonian)	Gram Formation		A baleen whale, of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a relative of rorquals and gray whales or a member of the family Cetotheriidae;^[77] a new genus for "Mesocetus" argillarius Roth (1978).
Waharoa^[78]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Boessenecker & Fordyce	Late Oligocene	Otekaike Limestone		An eomysticetid baleen whale. The type species is Waharoa ruwhenua.

Carnivorans

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Archaeodobenus^[79]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tanaka & Kohno	Late Miocene	Ichibangawa Formation		A member of Odobenidae (a relative of the walrus). The type species is Archaeodobenus akamatsui.
Australophoca^[80]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[81]	Valenzuela-Toro et al.	Late Miocene	Bahía Inglesa Formation Pisco Formation		An earless seal belonging to the subfamily Monachinae. The type species is Australophoca changorum.
Cynelos malasi^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hunt & Stepleton	Early Miocene			An amphicyonid, a species of Cynelos.
Cynotherium malatestai^[83]	Sp. nov	Valid	Madurell-Malapeira, Palombo & Sotnikova	Early middle Pleistocene			A relative of the Sardinian dhole.
Devinophoca emryi^[84]	Sp. nov	Valid	Koretsky & Rahmat	Early Middle Miocene (early Badenian)			A devinophocine earless seal, a species of Devinophoca.
Eotaria^[85]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Boessenecker & Churchill	Miocene (Burdigalian–Langhian)			A fur seal. The type species is Eotaria crypta.
Lutra hearsti^[86]	Sp. nov	Valid	Geraads et al.	Pliocene	Hadar Formation		An otter, a species of Lutra.
Praepusa boeska^[87]	Sp. nov	Valid	Koretsky, Peters & Rahmat	Late Miocene—Pliocene			An earless seal, a species of Praepusa.
Vulpes mathisoni^[88]	Sp. nov	Valid	Geraads et al.	Pliocene	Mursi Formation		A fox, a species of Vulpes.
Yoshi^[89]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Spassov & Geraads	Late Miocene			A felid. The type species is Yoshi garevskii; genus also contains "Metailurus" parvulus (Hensel, 1862) (nomen dubium) and "Metailurus" minor Zdansky, 1924.

Rodents

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Acarechimys leucotheae^[90]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		An octodontoid caviomorph of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Originally described as a species of Acarechimys; subsequently removed from the genus and transferred to the family Octodontidae by Verzi, Olivares and Morgan (2017).^[91]
Allotypomys^[92]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A member of Eutypomyidae. The type species is Allotypomys pictus.
Apeomys whistleri	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A member of Eomyidae, a species of Apeomys.
Bursagnathus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A member of Heteromyidae. The type species is Bursagnathus aterosseus.
Cedromus woodi^[93]	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth	Oligocene (Whitneyan)	Brule Formation		A member of the family Sciuridae.
Cephalomys ceciae	Sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		A cephalomyid, a species of Cephalomys.
Chenomys^[94]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Li & Meng	Earliest Eocene	Nomogen Formation		A ctenodactyloid rodent. The type species is Chenomys orientalis.
Doryperimys^[95]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Kramarz, Bond & Arnal	Early Miocene	Cerro Bandera Formation		A member of Neoepiblemidae. The type species is Doryperimys olsacheri.
Eliomys yevesi^[96]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mansino et al.	Late Miocene (late Turolian)	Villatoya-Venta del Moro Formation		A dormouse, a species of Eliomys.
Ethelomys	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		An octodontoid caviomorph of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a new genus for "Deseadomys" loomisi Wood & Patterson (1959).
Eumysops marplatensis^[97]	Sp. nov	Valid	Olivares & Verzi	Late Pliocene to early Pleistocene	San Andrés Formation Vorohué Formation		A member of Echimyidae, a species of Eumysops.
Galileomys baios	Sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		An acaremyid octodontoid caviomorph, a species of Galileomys.
Heterotamias^[98]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Qiu	Early Miocene	Xiacaowan Formation		A chipmunk; a new genus for "Eutamias" sihongensis Qiu & Lin (1986).
Incamys menniorum	Sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		A chinchilloid caviomorph of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Incamys.
Kabirmys prius^[99]	Sp. nov	Valid	Coster et al.	Eocene			A nementchamyid anomaluromorph, a species of Kabirmys.
Lamugaulus^[100]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tesakov & Lopatin	Early Miocene	Khalagay Formation		A promylagauline mylagaulid. The type species is Lamugaulus olkhonensis.
Leggadina gregoriensis^[101]	Sp. nov	Valid	Klinkhamer & Godthelp	Early Pleistocene	Riversleigh World Heritage Area		A murine murid, a species of Leggadina.
Leggadina macrodonta	Sp. nov	Valid	Klinkhamer & Godthelp	Pliocene or Pleistocene			A murine murid, a species of Leggadina.
Leucokephalos	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene to early Miocene	Cerro Bandera Formation Sarmiento Formation		A caviomorph of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Leucokephalos zeffiae Vucetich et al. (2015); genus also contains Leucokephalos maior Kramarz, Bond & Arnal (2015).
Llitun	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		A caviomorph of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Llitun notuca.
Loncolicu	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		A chinchilloid caviomorph of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Loncolicu tretos.
Metaphiomys zallahensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Coster et al.	Early Oligocene			A hystricognathous rodent, a species of Metaphiomys.
Microtheriomys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		An anchitheriomyine castorid. The type species is Microtheriomys brevirhinus.
Miosciurus covensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A sciurine sciurid, a species of Miosciurus.
Mus denizliensis^[102]	Sp. nov	Valid	Erten, Sen & Sagular	Early Pleistocene	Denizli Basin		A mouse.
Neoadjidaumo arctozophus	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A member of Eomyidae, a species of Neoadjidaumo.
Neophiomys dawsonae	Sp. nov	Valid	Coster et al.	Early Oligocene			A relative of the cane rats, a species of Neophiomys.
Omboomys^[103]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Maridet et al.	Late Miocene			An eomyid rodent. The type species is Omboomys builstynensis.
Palaeosciurus jiangi	Sp. nov	Valid	Qiu	Early Miocene	Xiacaowan Formation		A ground squirrel, a species of Palaeosciurus.
Plesiosminthus fremdi	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A dipodid related to the birch mice, a species of Plesiosminthus.
Proafricanomys^[104]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	López-Antoñanzas et al.	Miocene (Tortonian)			A gundi. The type species is Proafricanomys libanensis.
Proapeomys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A member of Eomyidae. The type species is Proapeomys condoni; genus might also contain the species "Florentiamys" lulli Wood (1936).
Proheteromys latidens	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A member of Heteromyidae, a species of Proheteromys.
Promimomys enginae^[105]	Sp. nov	Valid	Suata-Alpaslan	Early Pliocene			A member of Arvicolidae, a species of Promimomys.
Protacaremys? adilos	Sp. nov	Valid	Vucetich et al.	Late Oligocene	Sarmiento Formation		An octodontoid caviomorph of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a species of Protacaremys.
Prozenkerella	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Coster et al.	Early Oligocene			An anomalure. The type species is Prozenkerella saharaensis.
Pseudoacaremys^[106]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Arnal & Vucetich	Miocene (Santacrucian)	Santa Cruz Formation		An acaremyid octodontoid caviomorph rodent. The type species is Pseudoacaremys kramarzi.
Simplicimys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Li & Meng	Early-middle Eocene	Arshanto Formation Irdin Manha Formation		A ctenodactyloid rodent. The type species is Simplicimys bellus.
Subathumys^[107]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Gupta & Kumar	Early Eocene (Ypresian)	Subathu Formation		A relative of gundis. The type species is Subathumys solanorius; genus also contains Subathumys globulus.
Tachyoryctoides bayarmae^[108]	Sp. nov	Valid	Daxner-Höck, Badamgarav & Maridet	Late Oligocene			A subterranean rodent belonging to the subfamily Tachyorytoidinae, a species of Tachyoryctoides.
Tachyoryctoides radnai	Sp. nov	Valid	Daxner-Höck, Badamgarav & Maridet	Late Oligocene			A subterranean rodent belonging to the subfamily Tachyorytoidinae, a species of Tachyoryctoides.
Tamquammys fractus	Sp. nov	Valid	Li & Meng	Middle Eocene	Irdin Manha Formation		A ctenodactyloid rodent, a species of Tamquammys.
Tamquammys longus	Sp. nov	Valid	Li & Meng	Early Eocene	Arshanto Formation		A ctenodactyloid rodent, a species of Tamquammys.
Tamquammys robustus	Sp. nov	Valid	Li & Meng	Early Eocene	Arshanto Formation Nomogen Formation		A ctenodactyloid rodent, a species of Tamquammys.
Trogomys oregonensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth & Samuels	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A member of Heteromyidae, a species of Trogomys.
Yongshengomys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Li & Meng	Middle Eocene	Irdin Manha Formation		A ctenodactyloid rodent. The type species is Yongshengomys extensus.
Yuomys huheboerhensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Li & Meng	Middle Eocene	Irdin Manha Formation		A ctenodactyloid rodent, a species of Yuomys.

Primates

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Australopithecus deyiremeda^[109]	Sp. nov	Valid	Haile-Selassie et al.	Pliocene			A species of Australopithecus.
Ekembo^[110]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	McNulty et al.	Early Miocene	Hiwegi Formation		An ape of uncertain phylogenetic placement. A new genus for "Proconsul" nyanzae Le Gros Clark & Leakey (1950); genus also contains "Proconsul" heseloni Walker et al. (1993).
Ekgmowechashala zancanellai^[111]	Sp. nov	Valid	Samuels, Albright & Fremd	Arikareean	John Day Formation		A primate of uncertain phylogenetic placement, probably an adapiform; a species of Ekgmowechashala.
Homo naledi^[112]	Sp. nov	Valid	Berger et al.	Mid- to late-Middle Pleistocene^[113]	Rising Star Cave		A species of Homo.
Homo tsaichangensis^[114]	Sp. nov		McMenamin	Late Pleistocene			A proposed name of hominin recovered sometime before 2008 by fishermen working in the Penghu Channel (between the Penghu Islands and mainland Taiwan) and described in 2015 by an international team of Japanese, Taiwanese, and Australian scientists.^[115] Wu and Bae (2024) treated this specimen as new species, Homo juluensis as Denisovans and some Asian hominins.^[116]
Myanmarcolobus^[117]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Takai et al.	Late Miocene to early Pliocene			A member of Colobinae. The type species is Myanmarcolobus yawensis.
Namaloris^[118]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford	Eocene (Bartonian)	Eocliff Limestone		A member of Lorisidae. The type species is N. rupestris.
Necrolemur anadoni^[119]	Sp. nov	Valid	Minwer-Barakat, Marigó & Moyà-Solà	Middle Eocene (Robiacian)			A member of Omomyidae belonging to the subfamily Microchoerinae; a species of Necrolemur.
Perupithecus^[120]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bond et al.	Probably late Eocene	Yahuarango Formation		A member of Anthropoidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement, probably a member of Platyrrhini. The type species is Perupithecus ucayaliensis.
Pliobates^[121]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Alba et al.	Miocene			Originally described as an ape; Bouchet et al. (2024) subsequently reinterpreted it as a member of Pliopithecoidea belonging to the family Crouzeliidae.^[122] The type species is Pliobates cataloniae.

Other eutherians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Altacreodus^[123]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Fox	Late Cretaceous			A basal member of Eutheria; a new genus for "Cimolestes" magnus Clemens & Russell (1965).
Ambilestes	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Fox	Late Cretaceous			A basal member of Eutheria; a new genus for "Cimolestes" cerberoides Lillegraven (1969).
Carodnia inexpectans^[124]	Sp. nov	Valid	Antoine et al.	Early Eocene	Mogollón Formation		A member of Xenungulata, a species of Carodnia.
Chilestylops^[125]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bradham et al.	Tinguirirican	Abanico Formation		A notostylopid notoungulate. The type species is Chilestylops davidsoni.
Galerix wesselsae^[126]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zijlstra & Flynn	Miocene			A member of Erinaceidae (a relative of gymnures and hedgehogs); a species of Galerix.
Hilarcotherium^[127]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Vallejo-Pareja et al.	Miocene	La Victoria Formation		An astrapotheriid astrapothere. The type species is Hilarcotherium castanedaii.
Kerberos^[128]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Solé et al.	Eocene (Bartonian)	Formation des Molasses de Saix et de Lautrec		A hyainailourine hyaenodont. The type species is Kerberos langebadreae.
Lacrimodon^[129]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Van den Hoek Ostende and Fejfar	Early Miocene			A member of Eulipotyphla related to Dimylus. The type species is Lacrimodon vandermeuleni.
Mimolagus aurorae^[130]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fostowicz-Frelik et al.	Early Middle Eocene	Irdin Manha Formation		A member of Glires belonging to the family Mimotonidae, a species of Mimolagus.
Nesodon taweretus^[131]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forasiepi et al.	Early Miocene	Aisol Formation		A toxodontid, a species of Nesodon.
Paedotherium kakai^[132]	Sp. nov	Valid	Reguero et al.	Miocene (Huayquerian)	Palo Pintado Formation		A hegetotheriid notoungulate, a species of Paedotherium.
Pampahippus secundus^[133]	Sp. nov	Valid	Deraco & García-López	Eocene	Lumbrera Formation		A member of Toxodontia, a species of Pampahippus.
Periphragnis vicentei	Sp. nov	Valid	Bradham et al.	Tinguirirican	Abanico Formation		A member of Toxodontia belonging or related to the family Homalodotheriidae; a species of Periphragnis.
Plagioctenodon thewisseni^[134]	Sp. nov	Valid	Manz & Bloch	Paleocene (Clarkforkian)	Willwood Formation		A member of Nyctitheriidae, a species of Plagioctenodon.
Preregidens^[135]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[136]	Solé, Falconnet & Vidalenc	Eocene			A member of Hyaenodonta. The type species is Preregidens langebadrae.
Prohegetotherium malalhuense^[137]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cerdeño & Reguero	Oligocene (Deseadan)			A hegetotheriid notoungulate, a species of Prohegetotherium.
Prolagus latiuncinatus^[138]	Sp. nov	Valid	Angelone & Čermák	Late Miocene			A member of Lagomorpha, a species of Prolagus.
Prolagus pannonicus	Sp. nov	Valid	Angelone & Čermák	Late Miocene			A member of Lagomorpha, a species of Prolagus.
Protypotherium sinclairi	Sp. nov	Valid	Kramarz, Bond & Arnal	Early Miocene	Cerro Bandera Formation		An interatheriid notoungulate, a species of Protypotherium.
Ricardocifellia^[139]	Nom. nov	Valid	Mones	Paleogene (Itaboraian)			A didolodontid "condylarth"; a replacement name for Paulacoutoia Cifelli, 1983 and Depaulacoutoia Cifelli & Ortiz-Jaureguizar, 2014 (both preoccupied).
Scollardius	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Fox	Late Cretaceous			A basal member of Eutheria; a new genus for "Cimolestes" propalaeoryctes Lillegraven (1969).
Seuku^[140]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Beatty & Cockburn	Oligocene			A desmostylian; a new genus for "Behemotops" emlongi Domning, Ray & McKenna (1986).
Sigynorum^[141]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[142]	McComas & Eberle	Paleocene (early Puercan)	Fort Union Formation		A member of Arctocyonidae. The type species is Sigynorum magnadivisus.
Sinclairella simplicidens^[143]	Sp. nov	Valid	Czaplewski & Morgan	Late Oligocene (Arikareean)	Crystal River Formation		A member of Apatemyidae, a species of Sinclairella.

Other mammals

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Agilodocodon^[144]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Meng et al.	Middle Jurassic	"Daohugou site in Tiaojishan Formation (...), also known as Jiulongshan Formation"		A docodont. The type species is Agilodocodon scansorius.
Argaliatherium	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cifelli & Davis	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Cloverly Formation		A basal member of Tribosphenida. The type species is Argaliatherium robustum.
Carinalestes	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cifelli & Davis	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Cloverly Formation		A basal member of Tribosphenida. The type species is Carinalestes murensis.
Docodon apoxys^[145]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rougier et al.	Late Jurassic	Morrison Formation		A docodont, a species of Docodon.
Docofossor^[146]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Luo et al.	Late Jurassic	Tiaojishan Formation		A docodont. The type species is Docofossor brachydactylus.
Gobiconodon haizhouensis^[147]	Sp. nov	Valid	Kusuhashi et al.	Early Cretaceous	Fuxin Formation		A gobiconodontid, a species of Gobiconodon.
Gobiconodon tomidai	Sp. nov	Valid	Kusuhashi et al.	Early Cretaceous	Shahai Formation		A gobiconodontid, a species of Gobiconodon.
Kimbetopsalis^[148]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Williamson et al.	Early Paleocene (Puercan)	Nacimiento Formation		A taeniolabidid multituberculate. The type species is Kimbetopsalis simmonsae.
Spinolestes^[149]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Martin et al.	Early Cretaceous (latest Barremian)	Calizas de La Huergina Formation		A gobiconodontid. The type species is Spinolestes xenarthrosus.
Tirotherium^[150]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Montellano-Ballesteros & Fox	Late Cretaceous (late Santonian to early Campanian)	Milk River Formation		An early member of Boreosphenida, probably a member of Picopsidae. The type species is Tirotherium aptum.
Valenopsalis	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Williamson et al.	Early Paleocene (Puercan)	Bug Creek Anthills and Bug Creek West		A taeniolabidoid multituberculate; a new genus for "Catopsalis" joyneri Sloan & Van Valen (1965).
Yubaatar^[151]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xu et al.	Late Cretaceous	Qiupa Formation		A cimolodont multituberculate. The type species is Yubaatar zhongyuanensis.

Notes and References

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